Slide 1 : DOTSTRUCTURES!
Slide 2 : One way of doing dot structures
is to follow a few simple rules:
Slide 3 : 1. Count the total number of
valence electrons from each atom 2. Arrange the molecule: place the
outer atoms around the central atom. 3. Place two electrons between each atom;
add the rest of the electrons so that
each atom has an octet. 4. If one or more of the atoms cannot get
an octet with the available electrons,
then rearrange the electrons into double or
triple bonds as needed for the octets.
Slide 4 : EXAMPLE:
SO3
sulfur trioxide
Slide 5 : step 1: How many total valence electrons
does SO3 have?
Slide 6 : 6 + 6 + 6 + 6 = 24 step 1: How many total valence electrons
does SO3 have?
Slide 7 : 24
Slide 8 : 24
Slide 9 : So, distribute 24 valence electrons
around SO3
so that each atom has an octet!
Slide 10 : 24
electrons step 2:
arrange the
outer atoms
around the
central atom
Slide 11 : S 24
electrons step 2:
arrange the
outer atoms
around the
central atom
Slide 12 : S O 24
electrons step 2:
arrange the
outer atoms
around the
central atom
Slide 13 : S O O 24
electrons step 2:
arrange the
outer atoms
around the
central atom
Slide 14 : O S O O 24
electrons step 2:
arrange the
outer atoms
around the
central atom
Slide 15 : O O O step 3:
put electrons
in the bonds 24
electrons S
Slide 16 : O O O 1 23
electrons
left S step 3:
put electrons
in the bonds
Slide 17 : O O O 1 2 22
electrons
left S step 3:
put electrons
in the bonds
Slide 18 : O O O 1 2 3 21
electrons
left S step 3:
put electrons
in the bonds
Slide 19 : O O O 1 2 3 4 20
electrons
left S step 3:
put electrons
in the bonds
Slide 20 : O O O 1 2 3 4 5 19
electrons
left S step 3:
put electrons
in the bonds
Slide 21 : O O O 1 2 3 4 5 6 18
electrons
left S step 3:
put electrons
in the bonds
Slide 22 : O O O 1 2 3 4 5 6 18
electrons
left S
Slide 23 : O O O then,
distribute the
rest to form
the octets 1 2 3 4 5 6 18
electrons
left S
Slide 24 : O O O 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 7 16
electrons
left S
Slide 25 : O O O 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 7 9 10 14
electrons
left S
Slide 26 : O O O 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 7 9 10 11 12 12
electrons
left S
Slide 27 : O O O 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 7 9 10 11 12 14 13 10
electrons
left S
Slide 28 : O O O 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 7 9 10 11 12 14 13 15 16 8
electrons
left S
Slide 29 : O O O 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 7 9 10 11 12 14 13 15 16 17 18 6
electrons
left S
Slide 30 : O O O 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 7 9 10 11 12 14 13 15 16 17 18 19 20 4
electrons
left S
Slide 31 : O O O 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 7 9 10 11 12 14 13 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 2
electrons
left S
Slide 32 : O O O 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 7 9 10 11 12 14 13 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 S
Slide 33 : O O O 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 7 9 10 11 12 14 13 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 S step 4: check to
see that each
atom has an octet
Slide 34 : O O O oxygen does
not have an
octet 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 7 9 10 11 12 14 13 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 S
Slide 35 : O O O sulfur can share
these with oxygen
and still count
them in its octet 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 7 9 10 11 12 14 13 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 S
Slide 36 : O O O 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 7 9 10 11 12 14 13 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 S
Slide 37 : O O O 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 7 9 10 11 12 14 13 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 S
Slide 38 : O O O 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 7 9 10 11 12 14 13 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 S
Slide 39 : O O O 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 7 9 10 11 12 14 13 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 S
Slide 40 : O O O 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 7 9 10 11 12 14 13 15 16 17 18 21 22 23 24 S
Slide 41 : O O O 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 7 9 10 11 12 14 13 15 16 17 18 21 22 23 24 S
Slide 42 : O O O 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 7 9 10 11 12 14 13 15 16 17 18 21 22 23 24 S
Slide 43 : O O O 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 7 9 10 11 12 14 13 15 16 17 18 21 22 23 24 S
Slide 44 : O O O 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 7 9 10 11 12 14 13 15 16 17 18 21 22 23 24 S
Slide 45 : O O O 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 7 9 10 11 12 14 13 15 16 17 18 21 22 23 24 S
Slide 46 : O O O 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 7 9 10 11 12 14 13 15 16 17 18 21 22 23 24 oxygen now
has an octet S
Slide 47 : O O O 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 7 9 10 11 12 14 13 15 16 17 18 21 22 23 24 sulfur still has
its octet S
Slide 48 : O O O 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 7 9 10 11 12 14 13 15 16 17 18 21 22 23 24 S
Slide 49 : O O O 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 7 9 10 11 12 14 13 15 16 17 18 21 22 23 24 S
Slide 50 : O O O S
Slide 51 : O O O S
Slide 52 : (don’t forget resonance!) O O O S
Slide 53 : (don’t forget shapes!) O O O S
Slide 54 : O S O O
Slide 55 : SO3 O S O O
Slide 56 : ! SO3 O S O O