UGC 2009 Philosophy Paper-3

1. ¯ÖÆü»Öê ¯ÖéÂü êú ú¯Ö¸ü ×­ÖµÖÖ Ã£ÖÖ­Ö ¯Ö¸ü ¯Ö­ÖÖ ¸üÖê»Ö ­Ö´²Ö¸ü ×»Ö×Ö 2. »ÖÖã ¯ÖÏ¿­Ö Ö£ÖÖ ×­Ö²ÖÓ¬Ö ¯ÖÏúÖ¸ü êú ¯ÖÏ¿­ÖÖë êú ¢Ö¸ü, ¯ÖϵÖêú ¯ÖÏ¿­Ö êú ­ÖßÖê µÖÖ ¯ÖÏ¿­ÖÖë êú ²ÖÖ¤ü ´Öë פüµÖê Æãü ׸üÖ Ã£ÖÖ­Ö ¯Ö¸ü Æüß ×»Ö×ÖµÖê ÃÖêú ×»Ö úÖêÔ ×Ö׸üÖ úÖÖÖ úÖ ¯ÖµÖÖêÖ ­ÖÆüà ú¸ü­ÖÖ Æîü 3. ¯Ö¸üßÖÖ ¯ÖÏÖ¸ü´³Ö ÆüÖê­Öê ¯Ö¸ü, ¯ÖÏ¿­Ö-¯ÖãÛÃÖúÖ Ö¯ÖúÖê ¤êü ¤üß ÖÖµÖêÖß ¯ÖÆü»Öê ¯ÖÖÑÖ ×´Ö­Öü Ö¯ÖúÖê ¯ÖÏ¿­Ö-¯ÖãÛÃÖúÖ ÖÖê»Ö­Öê Ö£ÖÖ ÃÖúß ×­Ö´­Ö×»Ö×ÖÖ ÖÖÑÖ êú ×»Ö ×¤üµÖê ÖÖµÖëÖê ×ÖÃÖúß ÖÖÑÖ Ö¯ÖúÖê ¾Ö¿µÖ ú¸ü­Öß Æîü : (i) ¯ÖÏ¿­Ö-¯ÖãÛÃÖúÖ ÖÖê»Ö­Öê êú ×»Ö ÃÖêú ú¾Ö¸ü ¯ÖêÖ ¯Ö¸ü »ÖÖß úÖÖÖ úß ÃÖᯙ úÖê ±úÖÍü »Öë Öã»Öß ÆãüÔ µÖÖ ×²Ö­ÖÖ Ãüßú¸ü-ÃÖᯙ úß ¯ÖãÛÃÖúÖ Ã¾ÖßúÖ¸ü ­Ö ú¸ëü (ii) ú¾Ö¸ü ¯ÖéÂü ¯Ö¸ü û¯Öê ×­Ö¤ìü¿ÖÖ­ÖãÃÖÖ¸ü ¯ÖÏ¿­Ö-¯ÖãÛÃÖúÖ êú ¯ÖéÂü Ö£ÖÖ ¯ÖÏ¿­ÖÖë úß ÃÖÓµÖÖ úÖê ûß Ö¸üÆü Öîú ú¸ü »Öë ×ú µÖê ¯Öæ¸êü Æïü ¤üÖêÂÖ¯ÖæÖÔ ¯ÖãÛÃÖúÖ ×Ö­Ö´Öë ¯ÖéÂü/¯ÖÏ¿­Ö ú´Ö ÆüÖë µÖÖ ¤ãü²ÖÖ¸üÖ Ö ÖµÖê ÆüÖë µÖÖ ÃÖß׸üµÖ»Ö ´Öë ­Ö ÆüÖë £ÖÖÔÖ ×úÃÖß ³Öß ¯ÖÏúÖ¸ü úß ¡Öã×ü¯ÖæÖÔ ¯ÖãÛÃÖúÖ Ã¾ÖßúÖ¸ü ­Ö ú¸ëü Ö£ÖÖ ÃÖß ÃÖ´ÖµÖ ÃÖê »ÖÖîüÖú¸ü ÃÖêú ãÖÖ­Ö ¯Ö¸ü ¤æüÃÖ¸üß ÃÖÆüß ¯ÖÏ¿­Ö-¯ÖãÛÃÖúÖ »Öê »Öë ÃÖêú ×»Ö Ö¯ÖúÖê ¯ÖÖÑÖ ×´Ö­Öü פüµÖê ÖÖµÖëÖê ÃÖêú ²ÖÖ¤ü ­Ö ÖÖê Ö¯Öúß ¯ÖÏ¿­Ö-¯ÖãÛÃÖúÖ ¾ÖÖ¯ÖÃÖ »Öß ÖÖµÖêÖß Öî¸ü ­Ö Æüß Ö¯ÖúÖê ×Ö׸üÖ ÃÖ´ÖµÖ ×¤üµÖÖ ÖÖµÖêÖÖ 4. ­¤ü¸ü פüµÖê ÖµÖê ×­Ö¤ìü¿ÖÖë úÖê ¬µÖÖ­Ö¯Öæ¾ÖÔú ¯ÖÍëü 5. ¢Ö¸ü-¯ÖãÛÃÖúÖ úêú ­Ö ´Öë úÖÖ úÖ´Ö (Rough Work) ú¸ü­Öê êú ×»Ö´Ö滵ÖÖÓú­Ö ¿Ößü ÃÖê ¯ÖÆü»Öê ú ¯ÖéÂü פüµÖÖ ÆãüÖ Æîü 6. µÖפü Ö¯Ö ¢Ö¸ü-¯ÖãÛÃÖúÖ ¯Ö¸ü ¯Ö­ÖÖ ­ÖÖ´Ö µÖÖ êÃÖÖ úÖêÔ ³Öß ×­Ö¿ÖÖ­Ö ×ÖÃÖÃÖê Ö¯Öúß ¯ÖÆüÖÖ­Ö ÆüÖê ÃÖêú, ×úÃÖß ³Öß ³ÖÖÖ ¯Ö¸ü ¤ü¿ÖÖÔÖê µÖÖ Ó×úÖ ú¸üÖê Æïü ÖÖê ¯Ö¸üßÖÖ êú ×»ÖµÖê µÖÖêµÖ ÖÖê×ÂÖÖ ú¸ü פüµÖê ÖÖµÖëÖê 7. Ö¯ÖúÖê ¯Ö¸üßÖÖ ÃÖ´ÖÖ¯Ö ÆüÖê­Öê ¯Ö¸ü ¢Ö¸ü-¯ÖãÛÃÖúÖ ×­Ö¸üßÖú ´ÖÆüÖê¤üµÖ úÖê »ÖÖîüÖ­ÖÖ Ö¾Ö¿µÖú Æîü Öî¸ü ÃÖê ¯Ö¸üßÖÖ ÃÖ´ÖÖÛ¯Ö êú ²ÖÖ¤ü ¯Ö­Öê ÃÖÖ£Ö ¯Ö¸üßÖÖ ³Ö¾Ö­Ö ÃÖê ²ÖÖÆü¸ü ­Ö »Öêú¸ü ÖÖµÖë 8. êú¾Ö»Ö ­Öß»Öê/úÖ»Öê ²ÖÖ»Ö ¯¾ÖÖÕü ¯Öî­Ö úÖ Æüß ÃÖê´ÖÖ»Ö ú¸ëü 9. ×úÃÖß ³Öß ¯ÖÏúÖ¸ü úÖ ÃÖÓÖÖú (îú»Öãú»Öêü¸ü) µÖÖ »ÖÖÖ êü²Ö»Ö Öפü úÖ ¯ÖϵÖÖêÖ ¾ÖÙÖÖ Æîü 1. Write your roll number in the space provided on the top of this page. 2. Answer to short answer/essay type questions are to be given in the space provided below each question or after the questions in the Test Booklet itself. No Additional Sheets are to be used. 3. At the commencement of examination, the question booklet will be given to you. In the first 5 minutes, you are requested to open the booklet and compulsorily examine it as below : (i) To have access to the Question Booklet, tear off the paper seal on the edge of this cover page. Do not accept a booklet without sticker-seal and do not accept an open booklet. (ii) Tally the number of pages and number of questions in the booklet with the information printed on the cover page. Faulty booklets due to pages/questions missing or duplicate or not in serial order or any other discrepancy should be got replaced immediately by a correct booklet from the invigilator within the period of 5 minutes. Afterwards, neither the Question Booklet will be replaced nor any extra time will be given. 4. Read instructions given inside carefully. 5. One page is attached for Rough Work at the end of the booklet before the Evaluation Sheet. 6. If you write your name or put any mark on any part of the Answer Sheet, except for the space allotted for the relevant entries, which may disclose your identity, you will render yourself liable to disqualification. 7. You have to return the test booklet to the invigilators at the end of the examination compulsorily and must not carry it with you outside the Examination Hall. 8. Use only Blue/Black Ball point pen. 9. Use of any calculator or log table etc., is prohibited. D-0309 P.T.O. Signature and Name of Invigilator Roll No. (In words) 1. (Signature) __________________________ (Name) ____________________________ 2. (Signature) __________________________ (Name) ____________________________ Roll No.____________________________ D-0309 PAPER-IIITest Booklet No. [Maximum Marks : 200 Time : 2 1/2 hours] Number of Pages in this Booklet : 40 Number of Questions in this Booklet : 26 Instructions for the Candidates ¯Ö¸üßÖÖÙ£ÖµÖÖë êú ×»Ö ×­Ö¤ìü¿Ö (In figures as per admission card) PHILOSOPHYD-0309 2 PHILOSOPHY ¤ü¿ÖÔ−Ö ¿ÖÖÃ¡Ö PAPER-III ¯ÖÏ¿−Ö¯Ö¡Ö-III Note : This paper is of two hundred (200) marks containing four (4) sections. Candidates are required to attempt the questions contained in these sections according to the detailed instructions given therein. −ÖÖê™ü : µÖÆü ¯ÖÏ¿−Ö¯Ö¡Ö ¤üÖê ÃÖÖî (200) †ÓúÖë úÖ Æîü ‹¾ÖÓ ‡ÃÖ´Öë “ÖÖ¸ü (4) ÖÓ›ü Æïü … †³µÖÙ£ÖµÖÖë úÖê ‡−Ö´Öë ÃÖ´ÖÖ×ÆüŸÖ ¯ÖÏ¿−ÖÖë úÖ ˆ¢Ö¸ü †»Ö$Ö ×¤üµÖê $ÖµÖê ×¾ÖßÖéŸÖ ×−Ö¤ìü¿ÖÖë êú †−ÖãÃÖÖ¸ü ¤êü−ÖÖ Æîü … D-0309 3 P.T.O. SECTION – I ÖÓ›ü -I Note : This section contains five (5) questions based on the following paragraph. Each question should be answered in about thirty (30) words and carries five (5) marks. (5 × 5 = 25 Marks) −ÖÖê™ü : ‡ÃÖ ÖÓ›ü ´Öë ×−Ö´−Ö×»Ö×ÖŸÖ †−Öã“”êû¤ü ¯Ö¸ü †Ö¬ÖÖ׸üŸÖ ¯ÖÖÑ“Ö (5) ¯ÖÏ¿−Ö Æïü … ¯ÖÏŸµÖêú ¯ÖÏ¿−Ö úÖ ˆ¢Ö¸ü »Ö$Ö³Ö$Ö ŸÖßÃÖ (30) ¿Ö²¤üÖë ´Öë †¯Öê×.ÖŸÖ Æîü … ¯ÖÏŸµÖêú ¯ÖÏ¿−Ö ¯ÖÖÑ“Ö (5) †ÓúÖë úÖ Æîü … (5 × 5 = 25 †Ó"ú) The fact seems to be that all our a priori knowledge is concerned with entities which do not, properly speaking, exist, either in the mental or in the physical world. These entities are such as can be named by parts of speech which are not substantives; they are such entities as qualities and relations. Suppose, for instance, that I am in my room. I exist, and my room exists; but does ‘in’ exist ? Yet obviously the word ‘in’ has a meaning; it denotes a relation which holds between me and my room. This relation is something, although we cannot say that it exists in the same sense in which, I and my room exist. The relation ‘in’ is something which we can think about and understand, for, if we could not understand it, we could not understand the sentence ‘I am in my room’. Many philosophers, following Kant, have maintained that relations are the work of the mind, that things in themselves have no relations, but that the mind brings them together in one act of thought and thus produces the relations which it judges them to have. This view, however, seems open to objections similar to those which we urged before against Kant. It seems plain that it is not thought which produces the truth of the proposition ‘I am in my room’. It may be true that an earwig is in my room, even if neither I nor the earwig nor any one else is aware of this truth; for this truth concerns only the earwig and the room and does not depend upon anything else. – The Problems of Philosophy B. Russell . D-0309 4 ‹êÃÖÖ »Ö$ÖŸÖÖ Æîü ×ú Æü´ÖÖ¸üÖ ÃÖ´¯Öæ0ÖÔ ¯ÖÏÖ$Ö−Öã³Ö×¾Öú –ÖÖ−Ö ‹êÃÖê ŸÖ¢¾ÖÖë ÃÖê ÃÖ´²ÖÛ−¬ÖŸÖ Æîü וÖ−Öêú ²ÖÖ¸êü ´Öë ˆ×“ÖŸÖ ºþ¯Ö ÃÖê úÆüÖ •ÖÖ ÃÖúŸÖÖ Æîü ×ú ¾Öê −Ö ŸÖÖê ´ÖÖ−Ö×ÃÖú •Ö$ÖŸÖ ´Öë †Öî¸ü −Ö Æüß ³ÖÖîןÖú •Ö$ÖŸÖ ´Öë ×¾Öª´ÖÖ−Ö Æïü … µÖê ŸÖ¢¾Ö ‹êÃÖê Æïü וÖ−Æëü ¿Ö²¤üÖë ´Öë ¯ÖÏú™ü −ÖÆüà ×úµÖÖ •ÖÖ ÃÖúŸÖÖ †Öî¸ü •ÖÖê ×¾Ö¿Öê嵅 −ÖÆüà Æîü … $Öã0Ö †Öî¸ü ÃÖ´²Ö−¬Ö ‹êÃÖê ŸÖ¢¾Ö Æïü … ˆ¤üÖÆü¸ü0Ö êú ×»Ö‹, ´ÖÖ−Ö »Ößו֋ ×ú ‘´Öï †¯Ö−Öê ú´Ö¸êü ´Öë ÆæÑü … ’ ‘´Öê¸üß’ ÃÖ¢ÖÖ Æîü †Öî¸ü ´Öê¸êü ú´Ö¸êü úß ³Öß ÃÖ¢ÖÖ Æîü … ×ú−ŸÖã OEµÖÖ ‘´Öë’ úß ÃÖ¢ÖÖ Æîü ? ŸÖÖê ³Öß, ïÖ™üŸÖµÖÖ ‘´Öë’ ¿Ö²¤ü ÃÖÖ£ÖÔú Æîü … µÖÆü ˆÃÖ ÃÖ´²Ö−¬Ö úÖê ¤ü¿ÖÖÔŸÖÖ Æîü •ÖÖê ‘´Öê¸êü’ †Öî¸ü ‘´Öê¸êü ú´Ö¸êü’ êú ²Öß“Ö Æîü … µÖÆü ÃÖ´²Ö−¬Ö Æîü, µÖª×¯Ö Æü´Ö µÖÆü −ÖÆüà úÆü ÃÖúŸÖê ×ú ‡ÃÖúÖ †Ûß֟¾Ö ˆÃÖß ºþ¯Ö ´Öë Æîü וÖÃÖ´Öë ‘´Öê¸üß’ †Öî¸ü ‘´Öê¸êü ú´Ö¸êü’ úß ÃÖ¢ÖÖ Æîü … ‘´Öë’ êú †−ŸÖ$ÖÔŸÖ ¾ÖÆü ÃÖ´²Ö−¬Ö Æîü וÖÃÖêú ²ÖÖ¸êü ´Öë ÃÖÖê“ÖÖ †Öî¸ü ÃÖ´Ö—ÖÖ •ÖÖ ÃÖúŸÖÖ Æîü OEµÖÖë×ú µÖפü Æü´Ö ‡ÃÖê −Ö ÃÖ´Ö—Ö ¯ÖÖ‹ ŸÖÖê ‘´Öï ú´Ö¸êü ´Öë ÆæÑü … ’ ¾ÖÖOEµÖ úÖê ³Öß Æü´Ö −ÖÆüà ÃÖ´Ö—Ö ¯ÖÖµÖë$Öê … úÖ0™ü úÖ †−ÖãÃÖ¸ü0Ö ú¸ü−Öê¾ÖÖ»Öê ú‡Ô ¤üÖ¿ÖÔ×−ÖúÖë úÖ µÖÆü ´ÖŸÖ Æîü ×ú ‘ÃÖ´²Ö−¬Ö’ ´Ö−Ö úÖ úÖµÖÔ Æîü †Öî¸ü ÃÖ¤Ëü ¾ÖßÖã†Öë úÖ †Ö¯ÖÃÖ ´Öë úÖê‡Ô ÃÖ´²Ö−¬Ö −ÖÆüà ÆüÖêŸÖÖ ×ú−ŸÖã ´Ö−Ö ×“Ö−ŸÖ−Ö-¯ÖÏ×ÎúµÖÖ ´Öë ˆ−Ö ¾ÖßÖã†Öë úÖê ‡ú½üÖ ú¸ü ¤êüŸÖÖ Æîü †Öî¸ü ‡ÃÖ ¯ÖÏúÖ¸ü ¾ÖÆü ˆ−Ö ÃÖ´²Ö−¬ÖÖë úÖê ×−ÖÙ´ÖŸÖ ú¸üŸÖÖ Æîü וÖ−Æëü ¾ÖÆü ˆ−Ö´Öë ¤êüÖŸÖÖ Æîü … ‡ÃÖ ´ÖŸÖ êú ×¾Ö¹ý¨ü ¾ÖîÃÖß Æüß †Ö¯Ö×¢ÖµÖÖÑ ˆšüÖ‡Ô •ÖÖ ÃÖúŸÖß Æïü וÖ−Æëü Æü´Ö−Öê úÖ0™ü êú ×¾Ö¹ý¨ü ˆ¯ÖÛÃ£ÖŸÖ ×úµÖÖ Æîü … µÖÆü ïÖ™ü Æîü ×ú ‘´Öï ú´Ö¸êü ´Öë ÆæÑü …’ ‡ÃÖ ú£Ö−Ö úß ÃÖŸµÖŸÖÖ ×“Ö−ŸÖ−Ö «üÖ¸üÖ −ÖÆüà ¯ÖÏÖ¯ŸÖ ÆüÖêŸÖß Æîü … µÖÆü ÃÖŸµÖ Æîü ×ú ‹ú ú−ÖÖ•Öæ¸üÖ ´Öê¸êü ú´Ö¸êü ´Öë Æîü, ³Ö»Öê Æüß ‡ÃÖ ÃÖŸµÖ êú ¯ÖÏ×ŸÖ −Ö ´Öï, −Ö Æüß ú−ÖÖ•Öæ¸üÖ †Öî¸ü −Ö Æüß ×úÃÖß †−µÖ úÖê ˆÃÖúÖ ²ÖÖê¬Ö ÆüÖê, OEµÖÖë×ú ‡ÃÖ ÃÖŸµÖ úÖ ÃÖ´²Ö−¬Ö ú−ÖÖ•Öæ¸êü †Öî¸ü ú´Ö¸êü ÃÖê Æîü, †Öî¸ü µÖÆü ×úÃÖß †−µÖ ¾ÖßÖã ¯Ö¸ü ×−Ö³ÖÔ¸ü −ÖÆüà ú¸üŸÖÖ … – The Problems of Philosophy B. Russell 1. Why is a priori knowledge concerned with entities which lack existence ? וÖ−Ö ŸÖ¢¾ÖÖë úÖ †Ûß֟¾Ö −ÖÆüà Æîü , ˆ−ÖÃÖê ¯ÖÏÖ$Ö−Öã³Ö×¾Öú –ÖÖ−Ö OEµÖÖë ÃÖ´²Ö¨ü Æîü ? _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ D-0309 5 P.T.O. 2. Why are the entities of a priori knowledge not denoted by the names of substantives ? ¯ÖÏÖ$Ö−Öã³Ö×¾Öú –ÖÖ−Ö êú ŸÖ¢¾ÖÖë úÖê ×¾Ö¿Öê嵅 ¿Ö²¤üÖë ÃÖê OEµÖÖë −ÖÆüà ×−ÖÙ¤ü™ü ×úµÖÖ •ÖÖ ÃÖúŸÖÖ Æîü ? _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. Explain the sense in which I and my room exist but the relation between me and my room does not. ˆÃÖ ³ÖÖ¾Ö úß ¾µÖÖµÖÖ úßו֋ וÖÃÖêú †−ÖãÃÖÖ¸ü ´Öê¸üß †Öî¸ü ´Öê¸êü ú´Ö¸êü úß ÃÖ¢ÖÖ Æîü, ×ú−ŸÖã ´Öê¸êü †Öî¸ü ´Öê¸êü ú´Ö¸êü êú ²Öß“Ö úÖê‡Ô ÃÖ´²Ö−¬Ö −ÖÆüà Æîü … _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ D-0309 6 4. Are the relations work of mind ? Explain. OEµÖÖ ÃÖ´²Ö−¬Ö ´Ö−Ö êú úÖµÖÔ Æïü ? ¾µÖÖµÖÖ úßו֋ … _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 5. How does the author react to the view that relations are products of mind ? »ÖêÖú úß ‡ÃÖ ´ÖŸÖ êú ¯ÖÏ×ŸÖ OEµÖÖ ¯ÖÏןÖ×ÎúµÖÖ Æîü ×ú ÃÖ´²Ö−¬Ö ´Ö−Ö úß ˆ¯Ö•Ö Æîü ? _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ D-0309 7 P.T.O. SECTION -II ÖÓ›ü -II Note : This section contains fifteen (15) questions, each to be answered in about thirty (30) words. Each question carries five (5) marks. (15 × 5 = 75 Marks) −ÖÖê™ü : ‡ÃÖ ÖÓ›ü ´Öë ¯ÖÖÑ“Ö-¯ÖÖÑ“Ö (5-5) †ÓúÖë êú ¯ÖÓ¦üÆü (15) ¯ÖÏ¿−Ö Æïü … ¯ÖÏŸµÖêú ¯ÖÏ¿−Ö úÖ ˆ¢Ö¸ü »Ö$Ö³Ö$Ö ŸÖßÃÖ (30) ¿Ö²¤üÖë ´Öë †¯Öê×.ÖŸÖ Æîü … ¯ÖÏŸµÖêú ¯ÖÏ¿−Ö êú ¯ÖÖÑ“Ö (5) †Óú Æîü … (15 × 5 = 75 †Ó"ú) 6. State two reasons in favour of Abhihitanvayavada. †×³Ö×ÆüŸÖÖ−¾ÖµÖ¾ÖÖ¤ü êú ¯Ö.Ö ´Öë ¤üÖê µÖãÛOEŸÖµÖÖÑ ¤üßו֋ … _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ D-0309 8 7. Distinguish between Svarthanumiti and Pararthanumiti. þÖÖ£ÖÖÔ−Öã×´Ö×ŸÖ ‹¾ÖÓ ¯Ö¸üÖ£ÖÖÔ−Öã×´Ö×ŸÖ ´Öë ³Öê¤ü úßו֋ … _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 8. Explain the Buddhist concept of Pa~ncasila. ²ÖÖî¨üÖë úß ¯ÖÓ“Ö¿Öᯙ úß †¾Ö¬ÖÖ¸ü0ÖÖ úß ¾µÖÖµÖÖ úßו֋ … _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ D-0309 9 P.T.O. 9. What is meant by ‘___________ Var .nadharma’ ? Explain the ___________ Var .nadharma’ as depicted in the Gita. ‘¾Ö0ÖÔ ¬Ö´ÖÔ’ ÃÖê OEµÖÖ †×³Ö¯ÖÏÖµÖ Æîü ? ÁÖß´Ö¤Ëü ³Ö$Ö¾Ö¤Ëü$ÖߟÖÖ ´Öë ¾ÖÙ0ÖŸÖ ‘¾Ö0ÖÔ ¬Ö´ÖÔ’ úß ¾µÖÖµÖÖ úßוֵÖê … _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 10. Explain the nature of ________ Pratyak.sa according to Nyaya system. −µÖÖµÖ ¤ü¿ÖÔ−Ö êú †−ÖãÃÖÖ¸ü ‘¯ÖÏŸµÖ.Ö’ êú þֺþ¯Ö úß ¾µÖÖµÖÖ úßוֵÖê … _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ D-0309 10 11. Distinguish between Vyavaharika sat and Paramarthika sat. Is the book on the table Vyavaharika sat or Paramarthika sat ? Explain. ¾µÖÖ¾ÖÆüÖ׸üú ÃÖŸÖË †Öî¸ü ¯ÖÖ¸ü´ÖÖÙ£Öú ÃÖŸÖË ´Öë ³Öê¤ü ²ÖŸÖ»ÖÖ‡‹ … OEµÖÖ ´Öê•Ö ¯Ö¸ü ¯Ö›Íüß ¯ÖãßÖú ¾µÖÖ¾ÖÆüÖ׸üú ÃÖŸÖË Æîü †£Ö¾ÖÖ ¯ÖÖ¸ü´ÖÖÙ£Öú ÃÖŸÖË ? ÃÖ´Ö—ÖÖ‡‹ … _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 12. Discuss Regularity theory of cause. úÖ¸ü0Ö êú ×−ÖµÖ×´ÖŸÖŸÖÖ ×ÃÖ¨üÖ−ŸÖ úÖ ×¾Ö¾Öê“Ö−Ö úßוֵÖê … _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ D-0309 11 P.T.O. 13. Explain S. Alexander’s conception of space and time. ‹ÃÖ. ‹»Öê$•Öê0›ü¸ü úß ×¤üËú †Öî¸ü úÖ»Ö úß †¾Ö¬ÖÖ¸ü0ÖÖ úß ¾µÖÖµÖÖ úßוֵÖê … _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 14. Examine the importance of the concepts of being and becoming. ÃÖŸÖË †Öî¸ü ÃÖÓ³Öæ×ŸÖ úß †¾Ö¬ÖÖ¸ü0ÖÖ êú ´ÖÆü¢¾Ö úÖ ¯Ö¸üß.Ö0Ö úßוֵÖê … _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ D-0309 12 15. What are Cardinal Virtues ? Explain. ´ÖãµÖ ÃÖ¤Ëü$Öã0Ö OEµÖÖ Æïü ? ¾µÖÖµÖÖ úßוֵÖê … _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 16. What, in your view, is the most satisfactory theory of punishment ? Give reasons. †Ö¯Öúß ¥üÛ™ü ´Öë úÖî−Ö ÃÖÖ ¤ü0›ü-×ÃÖ¨üÖ−ŸÖ ÃÖ¾ÖÖÔ׬Öú ÃÖ−ŸÖÖêÂÖ•Ö−Öú Æîü ? ŸÖÔú ¤üßוֵÖê … _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ D-0309 13 P.T.O. 17. Explain the laws of thought. ×¾Ö“ÖÖ¸ü êú ×−ÖµÖ´ÖÖë úß ¾µÖÖµÖÖ úßוֵÖê … _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 18. State the rules of quantification. ‘OE¾ÖÖÛ−™ü×±úêú¿Ö−Ö-×−ÖµÖ´ÖÖë’ úÖ ×−Öºþ¯Ö0Ö úßוֵÖê … _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ D-0309 14 19. Discuss parasamanya and aparasamanya. ¯Ö¸üÃÖÖ´ÖÖ−µÖ †Öî¸ü †¯Ö¸üÃÖÖ´ÖÖ−µÖ úÖ ×¾Ö¾Öê“Ö−Ö úßוֵÖê … _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 20. What are the three types of .R.na ? How can these be repaid ? 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SECTION -III ÖÓ›ü -III Note : This section contains five (5) questions from each of the electives/specialisations. The candidate has to choose only one elective/specialisation and answer all the five questions from it. Each question carries twelve (12) marks and is to be answered in about two hundred (200) words. (5 × 12 = 60 Marks) −ÖÖê™ü : ‡ÃÖ ÖÓ›ü ´Öë ¯ÖÏŸµÖêú ‹êÛ“”ûú ‡úÖ‡Ô/×¾Ö¿ÖêÂÖ–ÖŸÖÖ ÃÖê ¯ÖÖÑ“Ö (5) ¯ÖÏ¿−Ö Æïü … †³µÖ£Öá úÖê êú¾Ö»Ö ‹"ú ‹êÛ“”ûú ‡úÖ‡Ô/×¾Ö¿ÖêÂÖ–ÖŸÖÖ úÖê “Öã−Öú¸ü ˆÃÖß ´Öë ÃÖê ¯ÖÖÑ“ÖÖë ¯ÖÏ¿−ÖÖë úÖ ˆ¢Ö¸ü ¤êü−ÖÖ Æîü … ¯ÖÏŸµÖêú ¯ÖÏ¿−Ö ²ÖÖ¸üÆü (12) †ÓúÖë úÖ Æîü ¾Ö ˆÃÖúÖ ˆ¢Ö¸ü »Ö$Ö³Ö$Ö ¤üÖê ÃÖÖî (200) ¿Ö²¤üÖë ´Öë †¯Öê×.ÖŸÖ Æîü … (5 × 12 = 60 †Ó"ú) ELECTIVE – I ‹êÛ“”û"ú – I 21. Are religious values intrinsically other-worldly ? Discuss. OEµÖÖ ¬ÖÖÙ´Öú ´Öæ»µÖ †Ö−ŸÖ׸üú ºþ¯Ö ÃÖê ¯ÖÖ¸ü»ÖÖî×úú Æïü ? ¾µÖÖµÖÖ úßו֋ … 22. Is there an essential difference between the world-view as found in tribal religions and traditional religions ? Discuss. †Öפü¾ÖÖÃÖß ¬Ö´ÖÖí ‹¾ÖÓ ¯ÖÖ¸ü´¯Ö׸üú ¬Ö´ÖÖí úß ×¾Ö¿¾Ö¥üÛ™ü ´Öë OEµÖÖ ŸÖÖÛ¢¾Öú ³Öê¤ü Æîü ? ×¾Ö¾Öê“Ö−Ö úßוֵÖê … 23. Can there be just one way of understanding the Divine Being ? Discuss. פü¾µÖ ÃÖ¢ÖÖ úÖê ÃÖ´Ö—Ö−Öê úÖ OEµÖÖ ´ÖÖ¡Ö ‹ú ´ÖÖ$ÖÔ Æîü ? ×¾Ö¾Öê“Ö−Ö úßוֵÖê … 24. What, according to you, are the preconditions of a successful inter-religious dialogue and why ? †Ö¯Öêú ´ÖŸÖÖ−ÖãÃÖÖ¸ü ÃÖ±ú»Ö †Ö−ŸÖ¸ü-¬ÖÖÙ´Öú ÃÖÓ¾ÖÖ¤ü úß ¯Öæ¾ÖÔ ¿ÖŸÖí OEµÖÖ Æïü †Öî¸ü OEµÖÖë ? 25. Discuss the nature and destiny of man in the light of Hinduism and Jainism. ×Æü−¤æü ¬Ö´ÖÔ †Öî¸ü •Öî−Ö ¬Ö´ÖÔ êú †Ö»ÖÖêú ´Öë ´Ö−Öã嵅 êú þֺþ¯Ö ‹¾ÖÓ ×−ÖµÖ×ŸÖ úÖ ×¾Ö¾Öê“Ö−Ö úßוֵÖê … OR /†£Ö¾ÖÖ D-0309 16 ELECTIVE – II ‹êÛ“”û"ú – II 21. Explain Russell’s theory of logically proper names. ¸üÃÖê»Ö êú ŸÖÔúŸÖ: ÃÖ´Öß“Öß−Ö −ÖÖ´ÖÖë úß ¾µÖÖµÖÖ úßוֵÖê … 22. Explain Quine’s arguments against the analytic synthetic distinction. ×¾Ö¿»ÖêÂÖ0ÖÖŸ´Öú-ÃÖÓ¿»ÖêÂÖ0ÖÖŸ´Ö ¯ÖÏן֖ÖÛ¯ŸÖµÖÖë êú ³Öê¤ü êú ×¾Ö¹ý¨ü OE¾ÖÖ‡Ô−Ö êú «üÖ¸üÖ ×¤üµÖê $ÖµÖê ŸÖúÖí úß ¾µÖÖµÖÖ úßוֵÖê … 23. Explain Frege’s arguments for introducing sense in his analysis of meaning. ±Ïêú$Öê êú †£ÖÔ êú ×¾Ö¿»ÖêÂÖ0ÖÖë êú ÃÖ−¤ü³ÖÔ ´Öë †Ö¿ÖµÖ (sense) úÖê ¯ÖÏ×¾Ö™ü ú¸ü−Öê êú ×»ÖµÖê פüµÖê $ÖµÖê ŸÖúÖí úß ¾µÖÖµÖÖ úßוֵÖê … 24. Examine Wittgenstein’s notion of rule-following. ×¾Ö™ü$Öê−ÙüÖ‡Ô−Ö êú ×−ÖµÖ´Ö-¯ÖÖ»Ö−Ö úß ¬ÖÖ¸ü0ÖÖ úÖ ´Ö滵ÖÖÓú−Ö úßוֵÖê … 25. Explain Searle’s distinction between different speech acts. ÃÖ»ÖÔ êú ¾ÖÖ0Öß êú ×¾Ö׳Ö−−Ö úÖµÖÔ êú ³Öê¤ü úß ¾µÖÖµÖÖ úßוֵÖê … OR /†£Ö¾ÖÖ ELECTIVE – III ‹êÛ“”û"ú – III 21. Does phenomenological approach lead to solipsism ? Discuss. OEµÖÖ ±êú−ÖÖ´Öê−ÖÖ»ÖÖ•Öß úß ×¾Ö×¬Ö †ÆÓü´ÖÖ¡Ö¾ÖÖ¤ü úß †Öê¸ü »Öê •ÖÖŸÖß Æîü ? ×¾Ö¾Öê“Ö−Ö úßוֵÖê … 22. Examine Gadamer’s critique of hermeneutics as a method. ‹ú ×¾Ö×¬Ö êú ºþ¯Ö ´Öë ¿Ö²¤üÖ£ÖÔ ´Öß´ÖÖÓÃÖÖ úß $ÖÖ¤êü´Ö¸ü éúŸÖ †Ö»ÖÖê“Ö−ÖÖ úÖ ´Ö滵ÖÖÓú−Ö úßוֵÖê … 23. Examine Heidegger’s critique of modernity. †Ö¬Öã×−ÖúŸÖÖ úß ÆüÖ‡›êü$Ö¸ü éúŸÖ †Ö»ÖÖê“Ö−ÖÖ úÖ ´Ö滵ÖÖÓú−Ö úßוֵÖê … D-0309 17 P.T.O. 24. How does hermeneutic attempt to overcome objectivism and relativism ? Explain. ¿Ö²¤üÖ£ÖÔ ´Öß´ÖÖÓÃÖÖ ×úÃÖ ¯ÖÏúÖ¸ü ¾ÖßÖã×−ÖšüŸÖÖ¾ÖÖ¤ü †Öî¸ü ÃÖÖ¯Öê×.ÖúŸÖÖ¾ÖÖ¤ü úß ÃÖ´ÖõÖÖ†Öë úÖ ÃÖ´ÖÖ¬ÖÖ−Ö ú¸ü−Öê úÖ ¯ÖϵÖÖÃÖ ú¸üŸÖÖ Æîü ? ¾µÖÖµÖÖ úßוֵÖê … 25. Explain the notion of ‘intentional consciousness’. ‘¯ÖϵÖÖê•Ö−ÖµÖãOEŸÖ “ÖîŸÖ−µÖ’ úß †¾Ö¬ÖÖ¸ü0ÖÖ úß ¾µÖÖµÖÖ úßו֋ … OR /†£Ö¾ÖÖ ELECTIVE – IV ‹êÛ“”û"ú – IV 21. Bring out the nature and significance of Maya in Advaita Vedanta †«îüŸÖ ¾Öê¤üÖ−ŸÖ ´Öë ´ÖÖµÖÖ êú þֺþ¯Ö ‹¾ÖÓ ´ÖÆü¢¾Ö úÖ ×¾Ö¾Öê“Ö−Ö úßוֵÖê … 22. Discuss the concept of Brahman in the light of Shankar and Ramanuja. ¿ÖÓú¸ü ‹¾ÖÓ ¸üÖ´ÖÖ−Öã•Ö êú †Ö»ÖÖêú ´Öë ²ÖÎÉ úß †¾Ö¬ÖÖ¸ü0ÖÖ úÖ ×¾Ö¾Öê“Ö−Ö úßוֵÖê … 23. Discuss the concept of Bheda in Dvaita Vedanta. «îüŸÖ ¾Öê¤üÖ−ŸÖ ´Öë ³Öê¤ü úß †¾Ö¬ÖÖ¸ü0ÖÖ úÖ ×¾Ö¾Öê“Ö−Ö úßוֵÖê … 24. Evaluate Nimbarka’s system of bhedabheda. ×−Ö´²ÖÖÔú êú ³Öê¤üÖ³Öê¤ü ¤ü¿ÖÔ−Ö úÖ ´Ö滵ÖÖÓú−Ö úßוֵÖê … 25. Why Vallabha’s system is called Suddha Advaita ? Explain. ¾Ö»»Ö³Ö êú ¤ü¿ÖÔ−Ö úÖê ¿Öã¨üÖ«îüŸÖ OEµÖÖë úÆüŸÖê Æïü ? ¾µÖÖµÖÖ úßוֵÖê … OR /†£Ö¾ÖÖ D-0309 18 ELECTIVE – V ‹êÛ“”û"ú – V 21. What according to Gandhi is the ideal relationship between truth and love ? $ÖÖѬÖß•Öß êú †−ÖãÃÖÖ¸ü ÃÖŸµÖ †Öî¸ü ¯ÖÏê´Ö ´Öë †Ö¤ü¿ÖÔ ÃÖÓ²ÖÓ¬Ö OEµÖÖ Æîü ? 22. What does Gandhi mean by tradition ? Discuss. ¯Ö¸Óü¯Ö¸üÖ ÃÖê $ÖÖѬÖß úÖ OEµÖÖ ŸÖÖŸ¯ÖµÖÔ Æîü ? ×¾Ö¾Öê“Ö−Ö úßו֋ … 23. How does Gandhi explain the importance of brahmacarya ? Explain. $ÖÖѬÖß ²ÖÎÉ“ÖµÖÔ êú ´ÖÆü¢¾Ö úß ¾µÖÖµÖÖ îúÃÖê ú¸üŸÖê Æïü ? ¾µÖÖµÖÖ úßו֋ … 24. Is Gandhi’s notion of Trusteeship relevant in the contemporary world ? Explain. OEµÖÖ $ÖÖѬÖß êú ™ÒüÙüß×¿Ö¯Ö úß †¾Ö¬ÖÖ¸ü0ÖÖ ÃÖ´ÖúÖ»Öß−Ö •Ö$ÖŸÖË ´Öë ¯ÖÏÖÃÖÓ×$Öú Æîü ? ¾µÖÖµÖÖ úßו֋ … 25. 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_______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ D-0309 30 SECTION – IV ÖÓ›ü – IV Note : This section consists of one essay type question of forty (40) marks to be answered in about one thousand (1000) words on any one of the following topics. (1 × 40 = 40 Marks) −ÖÖê™ü : ‡ÃÖ ÖÓ›ü ´Öë ‹ú “ÖÖ»ÖßÃÖ (40) †ÓúÖë úÖ ×−Ö²Ö−¬ÖÖŸ´Öú ¯ÖÏ¿−Ö Æîü וÖÃÖúÖ ˆ¢Ö¸ü ×−Ö´−Ö×»Ö×ÖŸÖ ×¾ÖÂÖµÖÖë ´Öë ÃÖê êú¾Ö»Ö ‹"ú ¯Ö¸ü, »Ö$Ö³Ö$Ö ‹"ú Æü•ÖÖ¸ü (1000) ¿Ö²¤üÖë ´Öë †¯Öê×.ÖŸÖ Æîü … (1 × 40 = 40 †Ó"ú) 26. Is Secularism an Utopia ? OEµÖÖ ¬Ö´ÖÔ ×−Ö¸ü¯Öê.ÖŸÖÖ ‹ú µÖæ™üÖêׯֵÖÖ Æîü ? OR/†£Ö¾ÖÖ Karma and Re-birth as postulates of Indian Philosophy. ³ÖÖ¸üŸÖßµÖ ¤ü¿ÖÔ−Ö úß ¯Öæ¾ÖÔ ´ÖÖ−µÖŸÖÖ†Öë êú ºþ¯Ö ´Öë ú´ÖÔ ‹¾ÖÓ ¯Öã−Ö•ÖÔ−´Ö OR/†£Ö¾ÖÖ Gandhi’s vision of Social justice. $ÖÖѬÖß úß ÃÖÖ´ÖÖוÖú −µÖÖµÖ úß ¥üÛ™ü OR/†£Ö¾ÖÖ ______ Mok.sa in Indian Philosophy. ³ÖÖ¸üŸÖßµÖ ¤ü¿ÖÔ−Ö ´Öë ´ÖÖê.Ö OR/†£Ö¾ÖÖ Language and Philosophy. ³ÖÖÂÖÖ ‹¾ÖÓ ¤ü¿ÖÔ−Ö _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ D-0309 31 P.T.O. _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 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