UGC 2009 Anthropology Paper-3

1. ¯ÖÆü»Öê ¯ÖéÂü êú ú¯Ö¸ü ×­ÖµÖÖ Ã£ÖÖ­Ö ¯Ö¸ü ¯Ö­ÖÖ ¸üÖê»Ö ­Ö´²Ö¸ü ×»Ö×Ö 2. »ÖÖã ¯ÖÏ¿­Ö Ö£ÖÖ ×­Ö²ÖÓ¬Ö ¯ÖÏúÖ¸ü êú ¯ÖÏ¿­ÖÖë êú ¢Ö¸ü, ¯ÖϵÖêú ¯ÖÏ¿­Ö êú ­ÖßÖê µÖÖ ¯ÖÏ¿­ÖÖë êú ²ÖÖ¤ü ´Öë פüµÖê Æãü ׸üÖ Ã£ÖÖ­Ö ¯Ö¸ü Æüß ×»Ö×ÖµÖê ÃÖêú ×»Ö úÖêÔ ×Ö׸üÖ úÖÖÖ úÖ ¯ÖµÖÖêÖ ­ÖÆüà ú¸ü­ÖÖ Æîü 3. ¯Ö¸üßÖÖ ¯ÖÏÖ¸ü´³Ö ÆüÖê­Öê ¯Ö¸ü, ¯ÖÏ¿­Ö-¯ÖãÛÃÖúÖ Ö¯ÖúÖê ¤êü ¤üß ÖÖµÖêÖß ¯ÖÆü»Öê ¯ÖÖÑÖ ×´Ö­Öü Ö¯ÖúÖê ¯ÖÏ¿­Ö-¯ÖãÛÃÖúÖ ÖÖê»Ö­Öê Ö£ÖÖ ÃÖúß ×­Ö´­Ö×»Ö×ÖÖ ÖÖÑÖ êú ×»Ö ×¤üµÖê ÖÖµÖëÖê ×ÖÃÖúß ÖÖÑÖ Ö¯ÖúÖê ¾Ö¿µÖ ú¸ü­Öß Æîü : (i) ¯ÖÏ¿­Ö-¯ÖãÛÃÖúÖ ÖÖê»Ö­Öê êú ×»Ö ÃÖêú ú¾Ö¸ü ¯ÖêÖ ¯Ö¸ü »ÖÖß úÖÖÖ úß ÃÖᯙ úÖê ±úÖÍü »Öë Öã»Öß ÆãüÔ µÖÖ ×²Ö­ÖÖ Ãüßú¸ü-ÃÖᯙ úß ¯ÖãÛÃÖúÖ Ã¾ÖßúÖ¸ü ­Ö ú¸ëü (ii) ú¾Ö¸ü ¯ÖéÂü ¯Ö¸ü û¯Öê ×­Ö¤ìü¿ÖÖ­ÖãÃÖÖ¸ü ¯ÖÏ¿­Ö-¯ÖãÛÃÖúÖ êú ¯ÖéÂü Ö£ÖÖ ¯ÖÏ¿­ÖÖë úß ÃÖÓµÖÖ úÖê ûß Ö¸üÆü Öîú ú¸ü »Öë ×ú µÖê ¯Öæ¸êü Æïü ¤üÖêÂÖ¯ÖæÖÔ ¯ÖãÛÃÖúÖ ×Ö­Ö´Öë ¯ÖéÂü/¯ÖÏ¿­Ö ú´Ö ÆüÖë µÖÖ ¤ãü²ÖÖ¸üÖ Ö ÖµÖê ÆüÖë µÖÖ ÃÖß׸üµÖ»Ö ´Öë ­Ö ÆüÖë £ÖÖÔÖ ×úÃÖß ³Öß ¯ÖÏúÖ¸ü úß ¡Öã×ü¯ÖæÖÔ ¯ÖãÛÃÖúÖ Ã¾ÖßúÖ¸ü ­Ö ú¸ëü Ö£ÖÖ ÃÖß ÃÖ´ÖµÖ ÃÖê »ÖÖîüÖú¸ü ÃÖêú ãÖÖ­Ö ¯Ö¸ü ¤æüÃÖ¸üß ÃÖÆüß ¯ÖÏ¿­Ö-¯ÖãÛÃÖúÖ »Öê »Öë ÃÖêú ×»Ö Ö¯ÖúÖê ¯ÖÖÑÖ ×´Ö­Öü פüµÖê ÖÖµÖëÖê ÃÖêú ²ÖÖ¤ü ­Ö ÖÖê Ö¯Öúß ¯ÖÏ¿­Ö-¯ÖãÛÃÖúÖ ¾ÖÖ¯ÖÃÖ »Öß ÖÖµÖêÖß Öî¸ü ­Ö Æüß Ö¯ÖúÖê ×Ö׸üÖ ÃÖ´ÖµÖ ×¤üµÖÖ ÖÖµÖêÖÖ 4. ­¤ü¸ü פüµÖê ÖµÖê ×­Ö¤ìü¿ÖÖë úÖê ¬µÖÖ­Ö¯Öæ¾ÖÔú ¯ÖÍëü 5. ¢Ö¸ü-¯ÖãÛÃÖúÖ úêú ­Ö ´Öë úÖÖ úÖ´Ö (Rough Work) ú¸ü­Öê êú ×»Ö´Ö滵ÖÖÓú­Ö ¿Ößü ÃÖê ¯ÖÆü»Öê ú ¯ÖéÂü פüµÖÖ ÆãüÖ Æîü 6. µÖפü Ö¯Ö ¢Ö¸ü-¯ÖãÛÃÖúÖ ¯Ö¸ü ¯Ö­ÖÖ ­ÖÖ´Ö µÖÖ êÃÖÖ úÖêÔ ³Öß ×­Ö¿ÖÖ­Ö ×ÖÃÖÃÖê Ö¯Öúß ¯ÖÆüÖÖ­Ö ÆüÖê ÃÖêú, ×úÃÖß ³Öß ³ÖÖÖ ¯Ö¸ü ¤ü¿ÖÖÔÖê µÖÖ Ó×úÖ ú¸üÖê Æïü ÖÖê ¯Ö¸üßÖÖ êú ×»ÖµÖê µÖÖêµÖ ÖÖê×ÂÖÖ ú¸ü פüµÖê ÖÖµÖëÖê 7. Ö¯ÖúÖê ¯Ö¸üßÖÖ ÃÖ´ÖÖ¯Ö ÆüÖê­Öê ¯Ö¸ü ¢Ö¸ü-¯ÖãÛÃÖúÖ ×­Ö¸üßÖú ´ÖÆüÖê¤üµÖ úÖê »ÖÖîüÖ­ÖÖ Ö¾Ö¿µÖú Æîü Öî¸ü ÃÖê ¯Ö¸üßÖÖ ÃÖ´ÖÖÛ¯Ö êú ²ÖÖ¤ü ¯Ö­Öê ÃÖÖ£Ö ¯Ö¸üßÖÖ ³Ö¾Ö­Ö ÃÖê ²ÖÖÆü¸ü ­Ö »Öêú¸ü ÖÖµÖë 8. êú¾Ö»Ö ­Öß»Öê/úÖ»Öê ²ÖÖ»Ö ¯¾ÖÖÕü ¯Öî­Ö úÖ Æüß ÃÖê´ÖÖ»Ö ú¸ëü 9. ×úÃÖß ³Öß ¯ÖÏúÖ¸ü úÖ ÃÖÓÖÖú (îú»Öãú»Öêü¸ü) µÖÖ »ÖÖÖ êü²Ö»Ö Öפü úÖ ¯ÖϵÖÖêÖ ¾ÖÙÖÖ Æîü 1. Write your roll number in the space provided on the top of this page. 2. Answer to short answer/essay type questions are to be given in the space provided below each question or after the questions in the Test Booklet itself. No Additional Sheets are to be used. 3. At the commencement of examination, the question booklet will be given to you. In the first 5 minutes, you are requested to open the booklet and compulsorily examine it as below : (i) To have access to the Question Booklet, tear off the paper seal on the edge of this cover page. Do not accept a booklet without sticker-seal and do not accept an open booklet. (ii) Tally the number of pages and number of questions in the booklet with the information printed on the cover page. Faulty booklets due to pages/questions missing or duplicate or not in serial order or any other discrepancy should be got replaced immediately by a correct booklet from the invigilator within the period of 5 minutes. Afterwards, neither the Question Booklet will be replaced nor any extra time will be given. 4. Read instructions given inside carefully. 5. One page is attached for Rough Work at the end of the booklet before the Evaluation Sheet. 6. If you write your name or put any mark on any part of the Answer Sheet, except for the space allotted for the relevant entries, which may disclose your identity, you will render yourself liable to disqualification. 7. You have to return the test booklet to the invigilators at the end of the examination compulsorily and must not carry it with you outside the Examination Hall. 8. Use only Blue/Black Ball point pen. 9. Use of any calculator or log table etc., is prohibited. D-0709 P.T.O. Signature and Name of Invigilator Roll No. (In words) 1. (Signature) __________________________ (Name) ____________________________ 2. (Signature) __________________________ (Name) ____________________________ Roll No.____________________________ D-0709 PAPER-IIITest Booklet No. [Maximum Marks : 200 Time : 2 1/2 hours] Number of Pages in this Booklet : 40 Number of Questions in this Booklet : 26 Instructions for the Candidates ¯Ö¸üßÖÖÙ£ÖµÖÖë êú ×»Ö ×­Ö¤ìü¿Ö (In figures as per admission card) ANTHROPOLOGYD-0709 2 ANTHROPOLOGY ´ÖÖ−Ö¾Ö ×¾Ö–ÖÖ−Ö PAPER-III ¯ÖÏ¿−Ö¯Ö¡Ö-III Note : This paper is of two hundred (200) marks containing four (4) sections. Candidates are required to attempt the questions contained in these sections according to the detailed instructions given therein. −ÖÖê™ü : µÖÆü ¯ÖÏ¿−Ö¯Ö¡Ö ¤üÖê ÃÖÖî (200) †ÓúÖë úÖ Æîü ‹¾ÖÓ ‡ÃÖ´Öë “ÖÖ¸ü (4) ÖÓ›ü Æïü … †³µÖÙ£ÖµÖÖë úÖê ‡−Ö´Öë ÃÖ´ÖÖ×ÆüŸÖ ¯ÖÏ¿−ÖÖë úÖ ˆ¢Ö¸ü †»Ö$Ö ×¤üµÖê $ÖµÖê ×¾ÖßÖéŸÖ ×−Ö¤ìü¿ÖÖë êú †−ÖãÃÖÖ¸ü ¤êü−ÖÖ Æîü … D-0709 3 P.T.O. SECTION – I Ö›ü – I This section contains five (5) questions based on the following paragraph. Each question should be answered in about thirty (30) words and carries five (5) marks. (5 × 5 = 25 Marks) ‡ÃÖ ÖÓ›ü ´Öë ×−Ö´−Ö×»Ö×ÖŸÖ †−Öã“”êû¤ü ¯Ö¸ü †Ö¬ÖÖ׸üŸÖ ¯ÖÖÑ“Ö (5) ¯ÖÏ¿−Ö Æïü … ¯ÖÏŸµÖêú ¯ÖÏ¿−Ö úÖ ˆ¢Ö¸ü »Ö$Ö³Ö$Ö ŸÖßÃÖ (30) ¿Ö²¤üÖë ´Öë †¯Öê×.ÖŸÖ Æïü … ¯ÖÏŸµÖêú ¯ÖÏ¿−Ö ¯ÖÖÑ“Ö (5) †ÓúÖë úÖ Æîü … (5 × 5 = 25 †Ó%ú) Read the following paragraph carefully and answer all the questions below. Answer should not exceed 30 words. The interrelations between the biological and the cultural components of human evolution may be brought out perhaps most clearly if we consider that they serve the same basic function – adaptation to and control of man’s environments. Most contemporary evolutionists are of the opinion that adaptation of a living species to its environment is the chief agency impelling and directing biological evolution. As stated above, the adaptation takes place through natural selection, which promotes the survival and reproduction of the carriers of some genetic endowments and inhibits others. The construction of man’s body and the conformation of his intellect developed as they did because they made our species biologically highly successful (which is not saying that man’s biological frame is the acme of perfection in all respects; see Chapter 12). The genetic basis of man’s capacity to acquire, develop or modify, and transmit culture emerged because of the adaptive advantages which this capacity conferred on its possessors (Chapter 8). Culture is, however, an instrument of adaptation which is vastly more efficient than the biological processes which led to its inception and advancement. It is more efficient among other things because it is more rapid – changed genes are transmitted only to the direct descendants of the individuals in whom they first appear; to replace the old genes, the carriers of the new ones must gradually outbreed and supplant the D-0709 4 former. Changed culture may be transmitted to anybody regardless of biological parentage, or borrowed ready-made from other peoples (see Chapters 2-4). In producing the genetic basis of culture, biological evolution has transcended itself – it has produced the superorganic. Yet the superorganic has not annulled the organic. The hypothesis of the psychic unity of mankind is justified to the extent that all members of the species Homo sapiens free of overt pathology are capable of learning a symbolic language and a variety of cultural forms. This only means that the capacity has become established as a species characteristic, like the erect posture, ability to subsist on diverse diets, absence of a breeding season, a brain size exceeding that of other living primates, and much else besides (see Chapter 10). But it does not follow that the genetic variability affecting the capacity to learn has suddenly evaporated in human populations. This is unlikely on theoretical grounds, and is contradicted by much evidence (see Chapter 4). Why do so many people insist that biological and cultural evolutions are absolutely independent ? I suggest that this is due in large part to a widespread misunderstanding of the nature of heredity. As will be shown in more detail in the following chapters, biological heredity, which is the basis of biological evolution, does not transmit cultural, or for that matter physical, traits ready-made; what it does is determine the response of the developing organism to the environment in which the development takes place. To say that cancer runs in families does not mean that every member of these families dies of cancer, and the inheritance of longevity does not guarantee a long life to some and a short one to others – apart from accidents, one’s life may be prolonged or shortened by the environmental hazards which one meets, and by how one chooses to live (but this choice may, in turn, be partly conditioned by one’s genes). 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How does adaptation take place through natural selection ? −ÖîÃÖÙ$Öú “ÖµÖ−Ö êú •Ö׸üµÖê †−Öãæú»Ö−Ö ×úÃÖ ¯ÖÏúÖ¸ü ÆüÖêŸÖÖ Æîü ? _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ D-0709 7 P.T.O. 2. How is culture an instrument of adaptation ? ×úÃÖ ¯ÖÏúÖ¸ü ÃÖÓÃéúןÖ, †−Öãæú»Ö−Ö úÖ ˆ¯Öú¸ü:Ö Æîü ? _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. How are the biological and cultural evolutions not independent ? •Öî¾ÖúßµÖ †Öî¸ü ÃÖÖÓÃéúןÖú ˆ¤Ëü×¾ÖúÖÃÖ Ã¾ÖŸÖ−¡Ö ×úÃÖ ¯ÖÏúÖ¸ü −ÖÆüà Æîü ? _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ D-0709 8 4. Do you find cultural evolution faster than biological evolution ? OEµÖÖ †Ö¯Ö ÃÖÖÓÃéúןÖú ˆ¤Ëü×¾ÖúÖÃÖ úÖê •Öî¾ÖúßµÖ ˆ¤Ëü×¾ÖúÖÃÖ ÃÖê •µÖÖ¤üÖ ŸÖê•Ö ¯ÖÖŸÖê Æïü ? _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 5. What is meant by psychic unity of mankind ? ´ÖÖ−Ö¾ÖŸÖÖ úß ´ÖÖ−ÖÃÖ ‹úŸÖÖ úÖ OEµÖÖ †£ÖÔ Æîü ? _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ D-0709 9 P.T.O. SECTION – II Ö›ü – II Note : This section contains fifteen (15) questions, each to be answered in about thirty (30) words. Each question carries five (5) marks. (15 × 5 = 75 Marks) −ÖÖê™ü : ‡ÃÖ ÖÓ›ü ´Öë ¯ÖÖÑ“Ö-¯ÖÖÑ“Öü (5-5) †ÓúÖë êú ¯ÖÓ¦üÆü (15) ¯ÖÏ¿−Ö Æïü … ¯ÖÏŸµÖêú ¯ÖÏ¿−Ö úÖ ˆ¢Ö¸ü »Ö$Ö³Ö$Ö ŸÖßÃÖ (30) ¿Ö²¤üÖë ´Öë †¯Öê×.ÖŸÖ Æîü … (15 × 5 = 75 †Ó%ú) 6. Define Polymorphism and explain its types. ¯ÖÖê»Öß´ÖÖò¸ü×±úÃ´Ö úß ¯Ö׸ü³ÖÖÂÖÖ ¤üßו֋ †Öî¸ü ˆÃÖêú ¯ÖÏúÖ¸üÖë úÖê ïÖ™ü úßו֋ … _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ D-0709 10 7. What is mating pattern ? Explain its significance. ´ÖêØ™ü$Ö ¯Öî™ü−ÖÔ (ÃÖÆü¾ÖÖÃÖ ¯ÖÏןִÖÖ−Ö) OEµÖÖ Æîü ? ˆÃÖêú ´ÖÆü¢¾Ö úÖê ÃÖ´Ö—ÖÖ‡‹ … _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 8. Describe importance of studying palmar dermatoglyphics. ¯ÖÖ»´Ö¸ü ›ü´Öì™üÖêÛ$»Ö×±úOEÃÖ êú †¬µÖµÖ−Ö êú ´ÖÆü¢¾Ö úÖ ¾Ö:ÖÔ−Ö úßו֋ … _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ D-0709 11 P.T.O. 9. Enumerate various techniques used for biochemical analysis. •Öî¾Ö-¸üÖÃÖÖµÖ×−Öú ×¾Ö¿»ÖêÂÖ:Ö êú ×»Ö‹ ˆ¯ÖµÖÖê$Ö úß •ÖÖ−Öê ¾ÖÖ»Öß ×¾Ö׳Ö−−Ö ŸÖú−ÖßúÖë (¯ÖÏ×¾Ö׬ֵÖÖë) úß ¯Ö׸ü$Ö:Ö−ÖÖ úßו֋ … _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 10. Describe the significance of nutrition in growth. ¿ÖÖ¸üß׸üú ×¾ÖúÖÃÖ ´Öë ¯ÖÖêÂÖ:Ö êú ´ÖÆü¢¾Ö úÖ ¾Ö:ÖÔ−Ö úßו֋ … _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ D-0709 12 11. What is a composite tool ? ‹ú ÃÖÛ´´ÖÁÖ:Ö (×´Ö»ÖÖ-•Öã»ÖÖ) ˆ¯Öú¸ü:Ö OEµÖÖ Æîü ? _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 12. What is the meaning of incipient food production ? ÖÖª ¯ÖÏÃÖã¯ŸÖ ˆŸ¯ÖÖ¤ü−Ö úÖ †£ÖÔ OEµÖÖ Æîü ? _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ D-0709 13 P.T.O. 13. Point out the significance of prepared core technique. úÖê¸ü ŸÖú−Ößú ŸÖîµÖÖ¸ü ú¸ü−Öê úß ×¾Ö¿ÖêÂÖŸÖÖ†Öë úÖê פüÖÖ‡µÖê … _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 14. Bring out the main features of urbanisation in Indus Valley. ×ÃÖ−¬Öã‘ÖÖ™üß êú −Ö$Ö¸üßú¸ü:Ö úß ´ÖãµÖ ×¾Ö¿ÖêÂÖŸÖÖ†Öë úÖê ²ÖŸÖÖ‹Ñ … _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ D-0709 14 15. What do you understand by salvage archaeology ? ˆ¤Ëü¬ÖÖ¸üú ¯Öã¸üÖŸÖ¢¾Ö ÃÖê †Ö¯Ö OEµÖÖ ÃÖ´Ö—ÖŸÖê Æïü ? _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 16. What is cultural relativism ? ÃÖÖÓÃéúןÖú ÃÖÖ¯Öê.Ö¾ÖÖ¤ü OEµÖÖ Æîü ? _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ D-0709 15 P.T.O. 17. What do you understand by holistic approach ? ÃÖ´¯Öæ:ÖÔ ˆ¯ÖÖ$Ö´Ö ÃÖê †Ö¯Ö OEµÖÖ ÃÖ´Ö—ÖŸÖê Æïü ? _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 18. What is social organization ? ÃÖÖ´ÖÖוÖú ÃÖÓ$Öšü−Ö OEµÖÖ Æîü ? _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ D-0709 16 19. What is the nature of Sixth Schedule of Indian Constitution ? ³ÖÖ¸üŸÖßµÖ ÃÖÓ×¾Ö¬ÖÖ−Ö ´Öë ”ûšüß †−ÖãÃÖæ“Öß OEµÖÖ Æîü ? _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 20. Why the term bride-wealth is preferred over the word bride-price ? ¾Ö¬Öæ-ÃÖ´¯Ö¤üÖ ¿Ö²¤ü ¾Ö¬Öæ-´Öæ»µÖ ÃÖê •µÖÖ¤üÖ ¯ÖÏ“Ö×»ÖŸÖ Æîü, OEµÖÖë ? _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ D-0709 17 P.T.O. SECTION – III Ö›ü – III Note : This section contains five (5) questions from each of the electives/specialisations. The candidate has to choose only one elective/specialisation and answer all the five questions from it. Each question carries twelve (12) marks and is to be answered in about two hundred (200) words. (5 × 12 = 60 Marks) −ÖÖê™ü : ‡ÃÖ Ö:›ü ´Öë ¯ÖÏŸµÖêú ‹êÛ“”ûú ‡úÖ‡Ô /×¾Ö¿ÖêÂÖ–ÖŸÖÖ ÃÖê ¯ÖÖÑ“Ö (5) ¯ÖÏ¿−Ö Æïü … †³µÖ£Öá úÖê êú¾Ö»Ö ‹ú ‹êÛ“”ûú ‡úÖ‡Ô /×¾Ö¿ÖêÂÖ–ÖŸÖÖ úÖê “Öã−Öú¸ü ˆÃÖß ´Öë ÃÖê ¯ÖÖÑ“ÖÖë ¯ÖÏ¿−ÖÖë úÖ ˆ¢Ö¸ü ¤êü−ÖÖ Æîü … ¯ÖÏŸµÖêú ¯ÖÏ¿−Ö ²ÖÖ¸üÆü (12) †ÓúÖë úÖ Æîü ¾Ö ˆÃÖúÖ ˆ¢Ö¸ü »Ö$Ö³Ö$Ö ¤üÖê ÃÖÖî (200) ¿Ö²¤üÖë ´Öë †¯Öê×.ÖŸÖ Æîü … (5 × 12 = 60 †Ó%ú) Elective-I ×¾Ö%ú»¯Ö-I (Physical Anthropology) (¿ÖÖ¸üß׸ü%ú ´ÖÖ−Ö¾Ö ×¾Ö–ÖÖ−Ö) 21. Discuss the basis of synthetic theory of evolution. ˆ¤Ëü×¾ÖúÖÃÖ êú ÃÖÖÓ¿»Öê×ÂÖú ×ÃÖ¨üÖ−ŸÖ úß ×¾Ö¾Öê“Ö−ÖÖ úßו֋ … 22. Describe the methods of studying heredity. †Ö−Öã¾ÖÓ׿ÖúŸÖÖ úß †¬µÖµÖ−Ö ×¾Ö׬ֵÖÖë úß ¾µÖÖµÖÖ úßו֋ … 23. Differentiate between the anatomical characteristics of man and large apes. ´Ö−Öã嵅 †Öî¸ü ²Ö›Íêü ¾ÖÖ−Ö¸üÖë úß ¿Ö¸ü߸ü-¸ü“Ö−ÖÖ ÃÖ´²Ö−¬Öß ×¾Ö¿ÖêÂÖŸÖÖ†Öë êú ²Öß“Ö †−ŸÖ¸ü ú׸ü‹ … 24. Describe the importance of dermatoglyphic traits in personal identification. ¾µÖÛOEŸÖ$ÖŸÖ ¯ÖÆü“ÖÖ−Ö ´Öë Ÿ¾ÖËú-¸üÖêÆüß »Ö.Ö:ÖÖë êú ´ÖÆü¢¾Ö úß ¾µÖÖµÖÖ úßו֋ … 25. Describe various techniques used for studying chromosomal structure and polymorphism. $Öã:ÖÃÖæ¡Öß (ÎúÖê´ÖÖêÃÖÖê´Ö»Ö) †Öî¸ü ²ÖÆãüºþ¯ÖŸÖÖ úÖ †¬µÖµÖ−Ö ú¸ü−Öê ´Öë ‡ÃŸÖê´ÖÖ»Ö úß •ÖÖ−Öê ¾ÖÖ»Öß ×¾Ö׳Ö−−Ö ŸÖú−ÖßúÖë úß ¾µÖÖµÖÖ úßו֋ … OR/†£Ö¾ÖÖ D-0709 18 Elective-II ×¾Ö%ú»¯Ö-II (Prehistoric Archaeology) (¯ÖÏÖ0ÖîןÖÆüÖ×ÃÖ%ú ¯Öã¸üÖŸÖ¢¾Ö) 21. Give an account of the Mesolithic culture found in the forested zone of Early Holocene Europe. ´Ö¬µÖ¯ÖÖÂÖÖ:ÖßµÖ ÃÖÓÃéú×ŸÖ µÖæ¸üÖê¯Ö êú ¯Öæ¾ÖÔ −ÖæŸÖ−Ö úÖ»Ö •ÖÓ$Ö»Ö ´Öë ¯ÖÖµÖê $ÖµÖê Æïü, ×»ÖÖë … 22. Bring out the consequences of Neolithic revolution. −Ö¾Ö¯ÖÖÂÖÖ×:Öú ÎúÖÛ−ŸÖ êú ¯Ö׸ü:ÖÖ´ÖÖë úÖê ×»ÖÖë … 23. Give an account of PGW (Painted Gray Ware) culture of India. ³ÖÖ¸üŸÖ úß P.G.W. ÃÖÓÃéú×ŸÖ êú ²ÖÖ¸êü ´Öë ×»ÖÖë … 24. Write in brief how Indus Valley Civilization came to an end. ÃÖÓ.Öê¯Ö ´Öë ²ÖŸÖÖ‡‹ ×úÃÖ ¯ÖÏúÖ¸ü ×ÃÖ−¬Öã ‘ÖÖ™üß ÃÖ³µÖŸÖÖ úÖ †ÓŸÖ Æãü†Ö … 25. What is cave art ? Give example. $Öã±úÖ ú»ÖÖ OEµÖÖ Æîü ? ˆ¤üÖÆü¸ü:Ö ¤üßו֋ … OR/†£Ö¾ÖÖ Elective-III ×¾Ö%ú»¯Ö-III (Social-cultural Anthropology) (ÃÖÖ´ÖÖוÖ%ú-ÃÖÖÓÃ%éúןÖ%ú ´ÖÖ−Ö¾Ö ×¾Ö–ÖÖ−Ö) 21. Discuss the origins of fieldwork tradition in Social Anthropology. ÃÖÖ´ÖÖוÖú ´ÖÖ−Ö¾Ö ×¾Ö–ÖÖ−Ö ´Öë .Öê¡ÖßµÖ úÖµÖÔ úß ¯Ö¸ü´¯Ö¸üÖ êú ˆ¤Ëü³Ö¾Ö úß ×¾Ö¾Öê“Ö−ÖÖ úßו֋ … 22. What are the functions of religion and magic ? ¬Ö´ÖÔ †Öî¸ü •ÖÖ¤æü êú úÖµÖÔ OEµÖÖ Æïü ? 23. Discuss the different types of economic exchanges found in non-monetized economies. $Öî¸ü-´Öã¦üßéúŸÖ †£ÖÔ¾µÖ¾ÖãÖÖ†Öë ´Öë ¯ÖÖµÖê •ÖÖ−Öê ¾ÖÖ»Öê †ÖÙ£Öú »Öê−Ö¤êü−ÖÖë êú ׳Ö−−Ö ¯ÖÏúÖ¸üÖë úß ×¾Ö¾Öê“Ö−ÖÖ úßו֋ … D-0709 19 P.T.O. 24. Write a note on the debate of joint family in India. ³ÖÖ¸üŸÖ ´Öë ÃÖÓµÖãOEŸÖ ¯Ö׸ü¾ÖÖ¸ü ¯Ö¸ü ²ÖÆüÃÖ ¯Ö¸ü ×™ü¯¯Ö:Öß ×»Ö×Ö‹ … 25. Examine the notion of Indian Village as a dimension of Indian Civilization. ³ÖÖ¸üŸÖßµÖ ÃÖ³µÖŸÖÖ êú †ÖµÖÖ´Ö êú ºþ¯Ö ´Öë ³ÖÖ¸üŸÖßµÖ $ÖÏÖ´Ö úß ¬ÖÖ¸ü:ÖÖ úß ¯Ö¸üß.ÖÖ úßו֋ … _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 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(1 × 40 = 40 Marks) −ÖÖê™ü : ‡ÃÖ Ö:›ü ´Öë ‹ú “ÖÖ»ÖßÃÖ (40) †ÓúÖë úÖ ×−Ö²Ö−¬ÖÖŸ´Öú ¯ÖÏ¿−Ö Æîü וÖÃÖúÖ ˆ¢Ö¸ü ×−Ö´−Ö×»Ö×ÖŸÖ ×¾ÖÂÖµÖÖë ´Öë ÃÖê êú¾Ö»Ö ‹%ú ¯Ö¸ü, »Ö$Ö³Ö$Ö ‹%ú Æü•ÖÖ¸ü (1000) ¿Ö²¤üÖë ´Öë †¯Öê×.ÖŸÖ Æîü … (1 × 40 = 40 †Ó%ú) 26. Describe the important fossils from South and East Africa, which have bearing on the early stages of human evolution. ¤ü×.Ö:Öß †Öî¸ü ¯Öæ¾Öá †±ÏúßúÖ ÃÖê ˆ−Ö ´ÖÆü¢¾Ö¯Öæ:ÖÔ •Öß¾ÖÖ¿´ÖÖë úß ¾µÖÖµÖÖ úßו֋ וÖ−ÖúÖ ´ÖÖ−Ö¾Ö ˆ¤Ëü×¾ÖúÖÃÖ úß ¯ÖÏÖ¸üÛ´³Öú †¾ÖãÖÖ†Öë ¯Ö¸ü ¯ÖϳÖÖ¾Ö ¯Ö›ÍüŸÖÖ Æîü … OR/†£Ö¾ÖÖ Point out the importance of village farming communities in the Indus Valley for the development of civilization in the area. $ÖÏÖ´Öß:Ö éúÂÖú ÃÖ´Öã¤üÖµÖ êú ×ÃÖ−¬Öã ‘ÖÖ™üß ÃÖ³µÖŸÖÖ êú ×¾ÖúÖÃÖ ´Öë ´ÖÆü¢¾Ö úÖê דÖÛÅ−ÖŸÖ ú¸ëü … OR/†£Ö¾ÖÖ Discuss the nature and typology of tribal movements from Central India and North-East India. ´Ö¬µÖ ³ÖÖ¸üŸÖ †Öî¸ü ˆ¢Ö¸üß-¯Öæ¾Öá ³ÖÖ¸üŸÖ ´Öë •Ö−Ö•ÖÖŸÖßµÖ †Ö−¤üÖê»Ö−Ö úß ¯ÖÏéú×ŸÖ †Öî¸ü ¯ÖÏúÖ¸üÖë úß ×¾Ö¾Öê“Ö−ÖÖ ú¸ëü … _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 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