Slide 1 : DISTRIBUTED
COMPUTING
What is Distributed Computing? : What is Distributed Computing? Distributed computing refers to the means by which a single computer program runs in more than one computer at the same time.
In distributed computing a program is split up into parts that run simultaneously on multiple computers communicating over a network.
Distributed computing deals with hardware and software systems containing more than one processing element or storage element, concurrent processes, or multiple programs, running under a loosely or tightly controlled regime.
Slide 3 : Distributed computing is a form of parallel computing, but parallel computing is most commonly used to describe program parts running simultaneously on multiple processors in the same computer.
Both types of processing require dividing a program into parts that can run simultaneously, but distributed programs often must deal with heterogeneous environments, network links of varying latencies, and unpredictable failures in the network or the computers.
Distinct Characteristics : Distinct Characteristics In a distributed computing setup, the program runs like it would in a single computer even when it is, in fact, using different computer processors.
This means that no single computer carries the entire burden on system resources that running a computer program usually implies.
However, distributed computing is not actually used to lighten the load of an individual computer's processor.
Slide 5 : It is in fact done to be able to process or run complex and resource-draining programs with greater speed and efficiency.
Distributed computing, in effect, can be deemed as an attempt to produce a virtual supercomputer out of hundreds or thousands of individual computers .
Goals and Advantages : Goals and Advantages There are many different types of distributed computing systems and many challenges to overcome in successfully designing one.
The main goal of a distributed computing system is to connect users and resources in a transparent, open, and scalable way.
Ideally this arrangement is drastically more fault tolerant and more powerful than many combinations of stand-alone computer systems.
Slide 7 : Openness – it is the property of distributed systems such that each subsystem is continually open to interaction with other systems
Monotonicity - once something is published in an open system, it cannot be taken back.
Disadvantages : Disadvantages Bandwidth is infinite.
Topology doesn't change.
Architecture : Architecture Various hardware and software architectures are used for distributed computing.
At a lower level, it is necessary to interconnect multiple CPUs with some sort of network, regardless of whether that network is printed onto a circuit board or made up of loosely-coupled devices and cables.
At a higher level, it is necessary to interconnect processes running on those CPUs with some sort of communication system.
Categories of architecture are as follows : : Categories of architecture are as follows : Client-server - Client request to the server for data, then server send response to the user.
3-tier architecture - Three tier systems move the client intelligence to a middle tier so that stateless clients can be used.
Peer-to-peer - An architecture where there is no special machines that provide a service or manage the network resources. Peers can serve both as clients and servers.
FUTURE PROSPECTS : FUTURE PROSPECTS Networked applications are
built through the
exchange of messages
between services hosted in
devices.
In this example,
an application running on a
mobile device makes use of the distributed
resources through services running . on a
workstation (job execution, for example), a
database, and a printer.
Slide 12 : Integrating enterprise resources in order to meet the high-performance requirements of applications.
SOFTWARE PLATFORMS TO DISTIRBUTED COMPUTING : SOFTWARE PLATFORMS TO DISTIRBUTED COMPUTING UNICORE : An open source software platform for supporting Grid systems and applications.
Amoeba : A distributed operating system that is designed for distributed computing tasks.
Green Tea Software : A java based P2P generic distributed network computing platform that transmits code and data on-demand to run on heterogeneous OS’s.
Slide 14 : DCEZ : Simple to set up and use platform that allows distributed computing with a minimum of infrastructure.
RPyC : Remote Python Call, platform for building distributed applications.
CONCLUSIONS : CONCLUSIONS Distributed computing has the chance to lead into a new age in terms of computer paradigm, resource sharing pattern and online collaboration.
Identical principles and guidelines should be used.
Slide 16 : THANK YOU.