Welcome : Welcome Lesson 101
Toolbox Talk : Toolbox Talk ACCIDENTS COST EVERYONE
When someone you work with is injured on the job, it doesn't really affect you. Or does it? You might be surprised at the ripple effect an accident can cause. Every accident has costs, and the costs always include more than money.
For instance, accidents directly affect a company's productivity. Obviously; a company that is producing less can't compete with companies that have higher production. If the company loses business because frequent accidents lowered productivity, that means less money for wages and benefits. People may even get laid off.
Thank goodness Workers' Compensation insurance covers the medical expenses of those injured in accidents. But someone has to pay for the insurance. A company with a high accident record must pay higher insurance premiums. The more money spent on those premiums, the less that's available for other things like your paycheck or your benefits!
Toolbox Talk : Toolbox Talk When there's a serious accident on a site, such as a serious injury or death, you may be out of work while the job is shut down. Many unsafe work sites frequently shut down permanently or are taken over by other companies. People out of work temporarily or permanently, because of an accident, may have trouble making the mortgage or rent payments. Some become homeless. Others may need to dip into their savings or postpone buying a home or moving into a larger apartment. The stress of economic hardship takes its toll on the families of all workers.
When accidents happen frequently in a work environment, everyone feels stressed. You can't be performing at your peak when you are worried about your safety and health. When trusted coworkers lose their jobs and their hopes because of a permanent disability, everyone suffers an emotional loss. Finally, accidents in your work area reflect a poor work record.
You can see that accidents at your work site can affect you in many ways. That's why it's worth it to take the time and care to use the right equipment and procedures, wear the right protective equipment and follow safe work practices. It's also important to be alert to the safety needs of those you work with, and those who work around you. When accidents are prevented, everyone gains.
Daily Objectives : Daily Objectives 101.1 Possess a working understanding of the apprenticeship policies and procedures of the IEC chapter sponsoring your training program.
101.2 Evaluate the advantages of being part of the IEC apprenticeship program
Daily Objectives : Daily Objectives 101.3 Develop a basic comprehension of the law of electric charges and theories of current flow.
Lesson 101 : Lesson 101 101.3 Electric Charges and Theories of Current Flow
Lesson 101.3 : Lesson 101.3 Electric Charges and Theories
of Current Flow
Daily Participation Quiz : Daily Participation Quiz What kind of charge does an electron have?
What kind of charge does a proton have?
What is a molecule?
What unit is used to measure Amperage?
What unit is used to measure Voltage?
What material makes for good conductors?
What material makes for good insulators?
Electron Theory : Electron Theory All matter is composed of molecules.
Molecules are comprised of different atoms.
Each atom has a nucleus with electrons orbiting it.
Electron Theory : Electron Theory The nucleus is composed of protons and neutrons.
Generally, there are an equal number of electrons and protons in each atom.
Atom : Atom
Daily Participation Quiz : Daily Participation Quiz What is a molecule?
Proton Electron : Proton Electron
Electron Theory : Electron Theory Electrons have a negative charge (-)
Protons have a positive charge (+)
The positive charge of the protons balances the negative charge of the electrons, and the elcetrons are held in their orbit by this equal attraction.
Free Electrons : Free Electrons Electrons traveling around the nucleus in the outermost orbit are not as strongly held as those electrons that are in an orbit that is closer to the nucleus.
These are called free electrons.
Daily Participation Quiz : Daily Participation Quiz What kind of charge does an electron have?
Daily Participation Quiz : Daily Participation Quiz What kind of charge does a proton have?
Free Electrons : Free Electrons Free electrons can be forced out of their orbit around an atom and can be “captured” in the orbit of an adjacent atom.
An external force must be applied to get these electrons out of orbit.
Free Electrons : Free Electrons External forces can be a chemical action, friction, or by a magnetic field.
When a free electron leaves an atom, it leaves behind a void into which a free electron from an adjacent atom can enter.
Magnetism : Magnetism Magnetism is the basis of electricity.
Oppositely charged particles attract each other , and particles that have the same charge repel each other.
When a negative force from a magnetic field is applied to a material the free electrons will be pushed away from the field.
Magnetism : Magnetism These free electrons will travel or flow from one atom to the next.
This flow of electrons is termed “current flow.”
Current flow is what makes all electrical equipment operate.
Current : Current Current is the flow of electrons from one atom to another.
The number of electrons moving past a point in a conductor in a second's time indicates the current INTENSITY.
That is why current is abbreviated as I in a calculation or formula.
Current : Current Current is measured in amperes, or amps, using an ammeter.
An amp, or ampere, is abbreviated as A.
Direction of Current Flow : Direction of Current Flow Electrons are negatively charged and will flow toward a positively charged terminal.
Electrons will flow between two points whenever there is a difference in potential between the two points.
This electron flow is current flow.
Daily Participation Quiz : Daily Participation Quiz What unit is used to measure Amperage?
Voltage : Voltage The force required to cause electrons to flow in a circuit is called electromotive force.
Voltage is the most common term used to describe this force.
Voltage is represented by a E or V in a calculation or formula.
Daily Participation Quiz : Daily Participation Quiz What unit is used to measure Voltage?
Conductors : Conductors Conductors are materials that consists of molecules that allow many elecctrons to move freely.
Conductors are classified according to the number of electrons allowed to travel freely.
Most metals are excellent conductors.
Insulators : Insulators Insulators allow very, very few free electrons .
Materials that are good insulators include some plastics, rubber, glass, mica, some ceramics, and air.
Daily Participation Quiz : Daily Participation Quiz What material makes for good conductors?
Daily Participation Quiz : Daily Participation Quiz What material makes for good insulators?
Homework : Homework Complete Objective 101.3 Worksheet
Complete Lesson 101 NEC Worksheet
Read Lesson 102