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PERFORMANCE SORU TİPİ DENEME 1 2009 ÜDS MART SOSYAL DENEME 2 2009 ÜDS MART FEN DENEME 3 2009 ÜDS MART SAĞLIK DENEME 4 2009 ÜDS EKİM SOSYAL DENEME 5 2009 ÜDS EKİM SOSYAL DENEME 6 2009 ÜDS MART SOSYAL DENEME 7 2010 ÜDS MART SOSYAL DENEME 8 2010 ÜDS MART SOSYAL DENEME 9 2010 ÜDS MART SOSYAL PERFORMANS İDEAL SİZ İDEAL SİZ İDEAL SİZ İDEAL SİZ İDEAL SİZ İDEAL SİZ İDEAL SİZ İDEAL SİZ İDEAL SİZ KELİME (4) 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 PHRASAL VERB (2) 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 PREPOSITION (2) 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 GRAMER (10) 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 CLOZE TEST ( 5) 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 YARIM CÜMLE (12) 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 ÇEVİRİ (6) 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 PARAGRAF TAMAM.( 5) 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 İLGİSİZ CÜMLE ( 5) 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 DİALOG ( 5) 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 PARAGRAF (24) 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 TOPLAM 52 52 52 52 52 52 52 52 52 65 65 65 65 65 65 65 65 652010-SONBAHAR ÜDS DENEME SINAVLARI rh+ www.remzihoca.comExtra Sınavlar  2010 LYS SINAVI  2010 KPSS SINAVIYABANCI DİL TESTİ İNGİLİZCE 1. Bu testte 80 soru vardır. 2. Cevap kâğıdında, sınav yabancı dilinizi (İNGİLİZCE) işaretlemeyi unutmayınız. 2010 – LYS5 /İNG Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 38 1. – 15. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerleer uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuuz 1. Probably the first Indian and Eskimo ----in America came across the Bering Strait when the sea was frozen solid. A) origins B) provinces C) species D) workers E) settlers 2. Films with a great deal of violence in them are not ----for young children. A) suitable B) separate C) urgent D) distinct E) complete 3. In Austria, freshwater lakes and rivers are ----frozen for most of the winter. A) unfairly B) partly C) anxiously D) suddenly E) newly 4. Humans developed the way they did because they had to run long distances in order to ----. A) return B) admit C) survive D) compete E) remain 5. People who think they are overweight try to ----the problem by giving up various foods. A) keep up B) look after C) put aside D) deal with E) get off 6. The wolves that ----in Ethiopia some 100,000 years ago ----into a separate and rare species. A) had arrived /will have evolved B) arrive /will evolve C) were arriving /had evolved D) have arrived /evolved E) arrived /have evolved 7. People in England ----books about Turkey since the 15th century, but unfortunately an increase in quantity ----by an increase in quality. A) had been writing /does not match B) are writing /will not be matched C) had written /are not matching D) have been writing /has not been matched E) wrote /had not been matched 2010 – LYS5 /İNG Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 39 8. It ----weeks since Harry ----his mother looking so relaxed and happy. A) is /would have seen B) had been /would see C) would be /has seen D) will be /may have seen E) has been /saw 9. Most of the writers of grammars of English ----teachers, but some early grammar books of English ----by men such as playwrights, scientists or philosophers. A) are /can be written B) have been /were written C) were /could have been written D) had been /were written E) may be /have been written 10. Penguins are short-sighted ----land, but see clearly ----water. A) over /on B) in /off C) on /under D) onto /into E) from /through 11. Beijing, ----the year 1983, had hardly any cars, but it had more than three million bicycles, and people carried their children ----the backs of their bicycles. A) in /on B) at /at C) by /to D) through /in E) of /over 12. ----folktales were preserved in written form, they were simply stories retold whenever a group of people with the same interests gathered. A) Whether B) Before C) If D) Unless E) Whereas 13. ----I see her, she asks me to lend her some money. A) Whenever B) Although C) In case D) Even if E) Unless 14. Mountaineering can kill brain cells, ----among climbers who do not suffer from altitude sickness. A) further B) just as C) almost D) even E) moreover 15. Most wild animals are ----shy that they run away as soon as they are disturbed. A) much B) too C) as D) such E) so 2010 – LYS5 /İNG Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 40 16. – 20. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada numaralaanmı yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz. Today’s tomatoes, peppers and other agricultural produce do not have the same nutritional value (16)----the fruits and vegetables of 50 years ago. Recently, levels of protein and vitamins (17)----by as much as 38%. A (18)----reason is the new growing techniques. We are making plants grow bigger and faster but not better. (19)----, one piece of advice could be “Eat more fruit and vegetables to make up (20)----the lower levels of protein and vitamins.” 16. A) as B) like C) more than D) such as E) so as 17. A) would drop B) drop C) will drop D) have dropped E) would have dropped 18. A) relative B) likely C) gradual D) previous E) sensitive 19. A) Furthermore B) Likewise C) Therefore D) On the contrary E) For instance 20. A) from B) for C) with D) at E) by 21. – 28. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz. 21. Because Thailand and Indonesia are geographically close to each other in East Asia, ----. A) they can easily trade with each other B) they are different from each other in many ways C) their economies showed a fast growth in the 1990s D) they are both developing a hard-working and well-educated workforce E) the World Bank predicted that they would be included in the world’s top ten economies by 2015 22. As she looked down into the garden from the balcony, ----. A) birds rarely sing at night B) the sound of passing traffic would have disturbed her C) a dog suddenly ran out from among the bushes D) the grass should have been cut a week ago E) it rained heavily all that night 23. ----that does the rabies injection. A) In Ankara, there is only one hospital B) Several new hospitals will soon be opened C) At that time, there were at least three hospitals in Erzurum D) The government has approved the new hospital project E) At the hospital, the number of patients has increased lately 2010 – LYS5 /İNG Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 41 24. ----since she was in a hurry to get back. A) She recognized the bookshop at once B) The hotel was fairly near to the centre of town C) She returned to the hotel by taxi D) Suddenly the car came to a stop E) It was already beginning to get dark 25. This is my favourite magazine, ----. A) so I buy a copy nearly every month B) even though it may help me in many areas C) since I cannot really tell why D) so that it is getting very expensive E) which often makes me decide not to buy it anymore 26. Music in Paris nightclubs tends to follow the trends set in the US and Britain, ----. A) if they also host African, Brazilian and other groups B) since big jazz festivals are held right through the year C) whether opera and classical music are also performed D) just as there are numerous first-class clubs in the city E) but home-grown groups playing French pop are also popular 27. Trees living in a downtown setting, ----, live, on average, for only seven years. A) whether all parts of a plant can be damaged by air pollution B) where air pollution is highest C) even if the leaves of a plant are most affected D) in case it can cause plants to die E) though one of the important factors is lack of water 28. The availability of a wide variety of tasty food could produce widespread obesity, ----. A) although eating disorders of many different kinds are on the increase B) as long as a stable weight is maintained C) which is exactly the situation that exists in many industrialized countries today D) since starvation exists in many parts of the world E) unless families had agreed to eat at home 2010 – LYS5 /İNG Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 42 29. – 34. sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümleye anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi bulunuz. 29. The coconut is harvested mainly for its oil, but in many countries, it is also used to make many things from musical instruments to spoons. A) Hindistan cevizi temelde yağı için yetiştirilir ama çoğu ülkede müzik aletlerinden kaşığa kadar birçço şeyi yapmak için de kullanılır. B) Çoğu ülke, yağı için yetiştirdiği hindistan cevizindeen müzik aletlerinden kaşığa kadar birçok şeyi yapar. C) Pek çok ülkede hindistan cevizi, müzik aletlerindde kaşığa kadar birçok şeyin yapımında kullanı1ls da, aslında yağı için yetiştirilir. D) Pek çok ülkede hindistan cevizinden sadece yağ değil, müzik aletlerinden kaşığa kadar birçok şey yapılır. E) Aslında çoğu zaman yağı için yetiştirilen hindistta cevizinden, çeşitli ülkelerde müzik aletlerindde kaşığa kadar birçok şey yapılır. 30. Life does not stay the same, so why should what we want from it always stay the same? A) Niçin hayattan beklediklerimiz değişmesin, hayat hiç değişmez mi ki? B) Hayat aynı kalmadığına göre, ondan beklediklerimiizi hep aynı kalması doğru mu? C) Hayat değişip durmasaydı ondan hep aynı şeylerr bekler miydik? D) Hayat aynı kalmaz, o hâlde ondan beklediklerimmi niye hep aynı kalsın? E) Hayat durmadan değişiyor, öyleyse bizim ondan beklediklerimiz niçin aynı kalsın? 31. Knowledge has always been valued, and more knowledge should be shared. A) Bilgili olana her zaman değer verilir ve bilgiler daha fazla insanla paylaşılmalıdır. B) Her zaman, değerli bilginin daha fazlasını paylaşşma gerekir. C) Değerli bilgilerin daha geniş çapta paylaşılması gerekir. D) Bilgi eğer değerliyse daha fazla paylaşılmalıdır. E) Bilgiye her zaman değer verilmiştir ve daha fazla bilgi paylaşılmalıdır. 32. The civilization of the Hittites spread to Anatolia and Mesopotamia and lasted for 11 centuries. A) Anadolu’ya ve Mezopotamya’ya yayılan Hitit uygarllığı yaklaşık on bir yüzyıl sürdü. B) Hitit uygarlığı, Anadolu’ya ve Mezopotamya’ya yayıldı ve on bir yüzyıl sürdü. C) Anadolu’ya ve Mezopotamya’ya yayıldıktan sonrra Hitit uygarlığı on bir yüzyıl sürdü. D) Hitit uygarlığı, hem Anadolu’ya hem Mezopotamya⁡’y yayılarak on bir yüzyıl sürdü. E) On bir yüzyıl süren Hitit uygarlığı, Anadolu’ya ve Mezopotamya’ya yayıldı. 2010 – LYS5 /İNG Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 43 33. Modern astronomy began with Copernicus in the sixteenth century, who asserted that the Sun was at the centre of the solar system. A) Kopernik, on altıncı yüzyılda, Güneş’in, güneş sisteminin merkezini oluşturduğunu belirtmiş ve böylece modern astronomiyi başlatmıştır. B) Güneş sisteminin merkezinin, Güneş olduğunu ileri süren Kopernik, modern astronominin on altı1nc yüzyılda başladığını ifade etmiştir. C) Modern astronominin başlangıcı, Kopernik’in, on altıncı yüzyılda, Güneş’in, güneş sisteminin merkeez olduğunu ileri sürmesine dayanır. D) On altıncı yüzyılda Kopernik’in, güneş sisteminin merkezini, Güneş’in oluşturduğunu ifade etmesiyyle modern astronomi başlamıştır. E) Modern astronomi, on altıncı yüzyılda, Güneş’in, güneş sisteminin merkezinde olduğunu öne sürre Kopernik’le başlamıştır. 34. The Van Gogh Museum has been transcribing and translating more than 900 of Van Gogh’s letters, many of which feature early sketches of his famous paintings. A) Van Gogh’un, Van Gogh Müzesi tarafından çoğu temize çekilerek çevirisi yapılan 900’den fazla mektubunda, ünlü resimlerinin ilk taslakları yer almaktadır. B) Van Gogh Müzesi’nin çoğunu temize çekip çevirissin yaptığı Van Gogh’un 900’den fazla mektubbu ünlü resimlerinin ilk taslaklarını içermektedir. C) Van Gogh Müzesi’nde, çoğu ünlü resminin ilk taslaklarını gösteren Van Gogh’a ait mektupların 900’den fazlası temize çekilip bunların çevirisi yapılmıştır. D) Van Gogh Müzesi, Van Gogh’un, birçok ünlü resmiini ilk taslaklarını gösteren 900’den fazla mektubbun temize çekmekte ve çevirisini yapmaktadıır E) Van Gogh Müzesi, Van Gogh’a ait 900’den fazla mektuptan, ünlü resimlerinin ilk taslaklarını gösterennleri çoğunu temize çekmiş ve bunların çeviriisin yapmıştır. 35. – 40. sorularda, verilen Türkçe cümleye anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi bulunuz. 35. Bazı insanlar, bir otorite tarafından yönlendirilmeyy o kadar alışmıştır ki kendi başlarına düşünmeyy başlamaları neredeyse imkânsızdır. A) Some people find it impossible to think for themselves once they have got used to having an authority dictate to them. B) For some people it is impossible to start thinking independently again since they are so used to being directed by an authority. C) Some people cannot think for themselves because they are used to having an authority to think for them. D) Some people who are used to being governed by an authority find it quite impossible to think for themselves. E) Some people are so used to being directed by an authority that it is almost impossible for them to start thinking for themselves. 36. 83 yıllık hayatını Türk halk müziğine adamış olan Nidâ Tüfekçi, bir kalp krizinin ardından, tedavi gördüğü hastanede vefat etmişti. A) Nidâ Tüfekçi, who had dedicated his 83-yearloon life to Turkish folk music, passed away, following a heart attack, in the hospital where he was being treated. B) Nidâ Tüfekçi dedicated his 83-year-long life to Turkish folk music, and passed away in the hospital where he was being treated after a heart attack. C) A heart attack caused Nidâ Tüfekçi, who had dedicated his 83-year-long life to Turkish folk music, to pass away in the hospital where he was being treated for heart trouble. D) Nidâ Tüfekçi, who had dedicated his life to Turkish folk music, died aged 83 in hospital where he was being treated for a heart condition. E) The 83-year-old Nidâ Tüfekçi, who had dedicated his life to Turkish folk music, was admitted to hospital with a heart condition, but died there. 2010 – LYS5 /İNG Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 44 37. Birçok bilim adamı, büyük insan olarak kabul edilmiş_tir ancak onlardan çok azı bu övgüye Isaac Newton kadar layıktır. A) Among the great people in the scientific world, Isaac Newton is surely the one who most deserves this praise. B) Isaac Newton is generally regarded as one of the greatest scientists who has ever lived and deserved all the praise he gets. C) Many scientists have been regarded as great men, but very few of them have been as deserving of this praise as Isaac Newton. D) Although a lot of scientists have been regarded as great men, none of them deserves this praise as much as Isaac Newton does. E) There have been many great scientists but Isaac Newton is generally regarded as the greatest of them all. 38. İtalya’nın batısında hâlâ hareketli bir liman şehri olan Livorno, Romalılar zamanından beri ticaret yolu üzerinde tanınmış bir durak yeri olmuştur. A) Starting with Roman times, Livorno in western Italy has always been a popular stopping place along the trade route and still remains a busy port. B) Livorno in western Italy was a popular stopping place on the trade route even in Roman times and is still a busy port city. C) Even in Roman times, Livorno in western Italy was a popular stopping place on the trade route and is now, once more, a busy port. D) As in Roman times, so again now, Livorno in western Italy is a popular stopping place for trading activities. E) Still a busy port city in western Italy, Livorno has been a popular stopping place on the trade route since Roman times. 39. Dua edilen bir yer olmasının yanı sıra, Partenon Tapınağı, Atina’nın zenginliğini, gücünü ve sanatseeve yaşam tarzını da simgeliyordu. A) Though a place for prayers, the Parthenon temple perfectly represented the Athenians’s prosperity, wealth and art-loving way of life. B) Not only was the Parthenon temple a place of worship, but it also put on display the wealth, power and art-loving life-style of Athens. C) As well as being a place to say prayers, the Parthenon temple also symbolized the wealth, power and art-loving life-style of Athens. D) People used to pray in the Parthenon temple, but more than that it gave one a sense of the riches and the power of art-loving Athens. E) The Parthenon temple, besides being a place of worship, also represented Athens together with its wealth and power and its art-loving life-style. 40. İlk dönem Osmanlı padişahları hakkındaki kaynakklar mimari eserler ve bazı sikkeler dışında, yeterli değildir. A) Apart from some architectural works and some coins, there are no reliable records about the early Ottoman sultans. B) Except for some architectural works and coins, there are not enough sources related to the early Ottoman sultans. C) The sources about the early Ottoman sultans are so scarce that very little is known about them, except through architectural works and coins. D) Sources about the early Ottoman sultans are not adequate except for architectural works and some coins. E) Besides architectural works and coins, sources about the Ottoman sultans are fairly sufficient. 2010 – LYS5 /İNG Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 45 41. – 43. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız. After the release of his film Titanic in 1997, Director James Cameron announced that the next movie he would make would be Avatar. It took him years to produce the film as it had an astronomical budget that approached 400 million dollars. In the film, Jake and his team go to Pandora, a jungle-covered moon, searching for valuable minerals. Since humans are unable to breathe on Pandora, human avatars are created out of them. There, the Avatars meet the Na’vi, a humanoid race, with sparkling blue skin, and capabilities that are far greater than those of normal humans. A war breaks out between the Na’vi and the Avatars. Meanwhile, Jake falls in love with a Na’vi, and is forced to choose between the Avatars and his Na’vi love. 41. It is clear from the passage that Director James Cameron ----. A) had not made any important films before Avatar B) spent a long time and a lot of money to make Avatar C) played the role of Jake in his own film D) preferred his Titanic to his last film, Avatar E) plans to make another expensive film in the near future 42. We understand from the passage that human avatars are created ----. A) because the atmosphere of Pandora does not allow humans to live there B) to persuade the Na’vi to make peace C) to cooperate with the Na’vi both militarily and technically D) so that the film can have a romantic theme E) with the help of valuable minerals 43. It is pointed out in the passage that the humanoid race, the Na’vi, ----. A) are ultimately able to drive the Avatars out of Pandora B) have been living on Pandora as small communities C) have physical features not different from those of human beings D) are superior to human beings in many respects E) have received Jake and his team with utmost hospitality 2010 – LYS5 /İNG Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 46 44. – 46. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız. The woman hesitated as she came into the restaurant that had not yet opened for the day. She was about fifty or maybe more, with long hair streaked in gray but with the remains of red in it, and it was tied back loosely with a coloured scarf. She wore a long brown skirt almost to her ankles and an old-fashioned jacket, like the people way back in the seventies. She was neither shabby nor smart; she was just totally different. She was about to approach Nell Dunne, already seated in her place at the cash desk, when the manageress Brenda realized who she was. 44. The woman described in the passage ----. A) is dressed in fashionable clothes B) is tall and well-dressed C) is no longer young and her hair is turning grey D) looks like most other women in their fifties E) sat down at a table in the restaurant 45. According to the passage, when the woman walked into the restaurant, ----. A) she was received warmly by the manageress B) there were only two people there: the manageress and the cashier C) Brenda was very pleased to see her back D) she knew exactly what was expected of her E) she was astonished to see that Nell Dunne was also there 46. It is clear from the passage that the identity of the woman ----. A) has been kept secret from Brenda B) is revealed to Nell Dunne later on C) was rather mysterious to Nell and Brenda D) was in fact known to the manageress E) aroused much suspicion in the people in the restaurant 2010 – LYS5 /İNG Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 47 47. – 49. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız. In the past, before technology was used to monitor the weather accurately, people looked at the skies, watched how animals and plants behaved, and relied on signs and superstitions to forecast the weather. Indeed, some people still believe that, when cows lie down or a cat sneezes, it is going to rain. Nowadays, scientists who study the weather, called meteorologists, use many different methods to make their forecasts. Satellites monitor our weather and send information to computers at special processing stations. On the ground, weather stations all over the world record wind speeds and directions, temperature, clouds and air pressure. 47. It is clear from the passage that reasonably accurate weather forecasting ----. A) is just one stage in an effort to control the climate B) does not require much technological assistance C) is of great importance to people engaged in agriculture D) is of little importance to most people in the world E) is now available worldwide 48. As is pointed out in the passage, before the coming of technology, ----. A) the only way to learn about the weather was through the behaviour of plants and animals B) people tried to forecast the weather, but they were always mistaken C) the methods used to forecast the weather are all now regarded as completely useless D) several methods were used in an effort to forecast the weather E) people weren’t really interested in weather conditions 49. According to the passage, it is now possible, with the aid of technology, to forecast the weather, but ----. A) it is still a very complex process B) changing wind speeds can affect predictions C) more satellites are necessary before we can achieve accurate forecasting D) much relevant material is never processed E) long-term forecasts are still far from accurate 2010 – LYS5 /İNG Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 48 50. – 52. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız. Crows are black birds, and they are very ugly. But they are also very clever. Or perhaps, since they have extremely long lives, they have time in which to collect a great deal of information. For instance, they have developed an excellent method of getting walnuts out of their shells. The first stage was to drop them from a height. If they fell on a soft surface they didn’t break; if they fell on a hard surface like a road, they often did. If they didn’t, however, passing cars would crush the walnuts. But one problem remained. It is difficult for a crow to eat crushed walnuts when a lot of cars are passing. In the end, this problem, too, was solved. They started to drop the walnuts just ahead of the traffic lights. 50. From the passage, we learn ----. A) all about the life-style of the crow B) why the crow lives longer than most other birds C) how the crow manages to eat the soft, inside part of the walnut D) how the crow’s habits are a threat to the driver E) why birds are often described as “brainless” 51. According to the passage, crows ----. A) have developed various ingenious ways to break walnuts B) are a major threat to safety on roads C) are mostly killed by passing cars while they are feeding D) avoid eating walnuts even though they are crushed by cars E) are generally attracted by the traffic lights because of their colours 52. The passage suggests that the long natural lifesppa of the crow ----. A) is the result of its healthy eating habits B) is necessary since so many are killed on the roads C) is important because it enables them to collect and test a lot of facts D) gives them an advantage over other birds E) has never been proved 2010 – LYS5 /İNG Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 49 53. – 55. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız. It’s hard to find a native tree or plant in Fiji that’s not used by native Fijians for its medicinal properties. Herbal medicine is not the alternative here, but the norm. Villagers possess an immense knowledge of the plants around them and their uses. These have been accumulated over thousands of years and passed from generation to generation. If you fall or suffer a bit of indigestion on a village tour, you’ll soon be offered a remedy. It might not taste good but, chances are, it’ll work. One of Fiji’s most intriguing sources of herbal remedies is the noni tree. It is an evergreen and grows up to 7 metres tall; it produces a nasty smell and bitter tasting fruit. While decidedly disgusting to many of our senses, noni juice is gaining growing approval from consumers around the world for its ability to help, among many other things, relieve arthritis, rheumatism, digestive disorders, and even the effects of ageing. 53. The passage is largely about ----. A) the medicinal properties of trees and plants in Fiji B) the way of life of the people of Fiji C) why the medicinal properties of the trees and plants of Fiji are distrusted by most of the world D) the increase in interest in the properties of the noni tree outside of Fiji E) plans to grow the noni tree elsewhere in the world 54. The writer of the passage ----. A) doesn’t believe that the remedies the Fijians offer can bring any relief B) has a positive attitude towards the local remedies of the Fijians C) admires the Fijians for collecting so much knowledge about trees and plants, but thinks it is all useless D) thinks that some of the remedies proposed may be dangerous E) notes that the Fijians only use a very few of their trees and plants in their remedies 55. From the passage we learn that the noni tree ----. A) has traditionally been avoided by Fijians on account of its bad smell B) doesn’t grow very tall but produces large quantities of delicious fruit C) has powerful medicinal properties, but they are limited to the treatment of arthritis and rheumatism D) is afforded less value in Fiji than in any other country E) has aroused considerable interest around the world because of its medicinal properties 2010 – LYS5 /İNG Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 50 56. – 60. sorularda, verilen cümleye anlamca en yakın olan cümleyi bulunuz. 56. In extremely cold regions, many animals hibernate, that is, they sleep through the winter, because in this way they can survive. A) Many animals sleep through the winter, that is, they hibernate, in really cold parts of the world, as this makes it possible for them to survive. B) Hibernation, or the practice of sleeping right through the winter, is a survival technique favoured by many animals in very cold regions. C) Many of the animals that hibernate, that is, sleep through the long, cold winters, do so from choice, not necessity. D) When the winters are particularly cold, many animals choose to hibernate, that is, sleep through the long dark days and increase their chances of survival. E) In order to survive in the coldest parts of the world, many animals are forced to hibernate, or sleep through at least a part of the winter. 57. When UNICEF was established in 1946, its main aim was to provide help for the many children in need as a result of World War II. A) When it was founded in 1946, UNICEF took a number of steps to improve the conditions of children that survived World War II. B) In 1946, soon after the end of World War II, UNICEF was set up to assist children throughout the world. C) Because so many children had suffered during World War II, UNICEF was set up in 1946 to give them a better education. D) In 1946 UNICEF was set up primarily because, as a result of World War II, large numbers of children were in need of help. E) Following World War II, UNICEF was set up in 1946 and has since made great efforts to help children in the world. 58. The view of the city from the top floor of the hotel is absolutely wonderful, especially at night when all the lights are on. A) The view of the city, especially at night when it’s all lit up, is well worth a visit to the top floor of the hotel. B) You must go up to the top floor of the hotel, preferably at night, for a magnificent view of the city and its lights. C) From the top floor of the hotel you get a truly splendid view of the city, particularly at night when it’s all lit up. D) Be sure to go to the top floor of the hotel to get a magnificent view of the city and its lights. E) After dark when the lights have come on, you get an unforgettable view of the city from the top floor of the hotel. 59. Even if one forgets about the dangers involved, coal-mining cannot be a very attractive way of earning a living. A) It’s the risks that are involved that really make coal-mining such an unattractive form of employment. B) Working in a coal mine must be rather an unpleasant form of employment even when one ignores the risks. C) Work in a coal mine may still be unpleasant but there are no more risks than in other forms of employment. D) Work in a coal mine is not the only form of employment that has unpleasant aspects and even risks. E) It’s hard to imagine anyone enjoying working for a living in a coal mine even if it is perfectly safe. 2010 – LYS5 /İNG Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 51 60. If the meeting has to be on Monday, I can probably manage to come; but I’d much prefer Tuesday. A) Tuesday would suit me much better than Monday, but if the meeting’s got to be on Monday I’ll do my best to come. B) I won’t be able to come to the Monday meeting, but I’ll come to the Tuesday meeting. C) It would suit me better if the meeting was held on Tuesday as usual, but I suppose I could manage Monday. D) If the Tuesday meeting is put back to Monday, I don’t think I will be able to come. E) I can’t come to a meeting on Monday, but I can on Tuesday; would that be suitable? 61. – 65. sorularda, boş bırakılan yere, parçadd anlam bütünlüğünü sağlamak için getirilebillece cümleyi bulunuz. 61. Pera Palace is a fascinating hotel because the building is a historical one. Situated within the hotel is a bookshop with a unique atmosphere. ----These include old books, maps and engravings. A) It is decorated with antique furniture and sculpture. B) This bookshop is visited and admired by the customers of the hotel and also by the locals. C) There is nothing modern at all for sale in the bookshop. D) In the bookshop, there are all sorts of rare publications and prints. E) Being situated there, it earns good money for the owners. 62. It is tempting to think that television is like cinema. ----In many ways, however, television is nothing like cinema. A) In its early days, certainly, people tended to think so. B) For instance, news-readers face the camera directly and appear to be talking to the person watching. C) Television watching occupies more time than all other leisure pursuits. D) So it seems obvious that television is important in everyday life. E) Thus television has become an important part of family life. 63. Magazines first appeared in the 18th century and were usually published weekly or monthly. ----When they began to accept advertisements, however, they came down in price and more people could buy them. A) Generally speaking, sales of magazines are on the increase. B) Many are designed for a particular audience, for example for football enthusiasts. C) Magazines for animal-lovers soon became popular. D) From the beginning, a lot of magazines published short stories. E) To start with, they were far from cheap, and most people could not afford them. 2010 – LYS5 /İNG Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 52 64. Paris, which is the capital of France, is situated on the Seine. It is a beautiful and historic city and has, therefore, become one of the world’s main tourist centres. ----These might include things as diverse as a visit to the Louvre and to the Euro Disney Theme Park. A) It has for several centuries been a centre of fashion. B) Paris is especially famous for its museums. C) There are a great many things for a visitor to do there. D) Many of the world’s luxury goods are produced in Paris. E) The Palace of Versailles is just 23 kilometres south west of Paris. 65. When Henry saw the car coming, he realized at once that it was bringing another group of visitors. He hated these visitors. ----In doing so, they took up his valuable time. All he wanted to do was to get on with excavating the archaeological site he was working on. A) They always wanted an extensive tour of the site. B) Most of them knew nothing at all about archaeology. C) The questions they asked showed how ignorant they were. D) They complained about the heat and about the dust. E) The team members all felt the same as he did. 66. – 70. sorularda, verilen durumda söylenmmi olabilecek sözü bulunuz. 66. Your sister wants to buy books for summer reading, and asks for your help and suggestions. You want to help her choose well and say: A) I’m not sure about your likes and dislikes, so I can’t recommend any specific books. B) With any book, read the topic and reviews on the back cover and a few random pages. C) Why don’t you choose your own books yourself? Nobody can help you. D) I’m sorry, but I don’t know what’s available on the market at the moment. E) I always get best-sellers; but a lot of them aren’t much good. 67. You are interviewing applicants for a post in the furniture department of a large store. You want to make the applicant talk about himself, so you say: A) Is this the first time you are applying for a job? B) You do realize, don’t you, that you’ll be expected to work hard? C) Tell me why you think you could make a success of this job. D) Criticize the furniture in this office. E) Do you like modern styles in furniture or classical styles? 2010 – LYS5 /İNG Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 53 68. Both you and your brother are in the school basketball team. Your coach sees you and asks you to tell your brother to get in touch with him as soon as possible. As you are not likely to see him for a while, you leave him a note, saying: A) The coach wants to see you, not me! You’d better hurry. B) The coach seems annoyed about something. You’d better find him quick. C) The coach wants to see you about something; but there’s no hurry. D) The coach was looking for you. Could be good news! E) The coach wants to see you. You’d better find him right away. 69. A friend is taking his driving test and is feeling rather excited about it. You have two pieces of advice for him which you think will be helpful. You say: A) Keep calm and listen carefully to whatever instructions are given. B) Stop worrying! If you don’t pass this test, you’ll pass the next one. C) It’s important to look confident. D) After all, most people don’t pass the test first time. E) If you pass, I’ll take you out to lunch. 70. The sister of a close friend of yours has got an ankle injury playing tennis. You don’t know how bad it is, but you send a message of sympathy on the cell phone, and promise to call round soon. You say: A) Ankle injuries don’t recover quickly! Take care and get plenty of rest! B) What were you doing to fall and break your ankle? C) Sorry to hear about the accident. Hope it’s not too serious. I will call round in a day or too. D) Glad to hear you’re nearly back to normal. But no more tennis for a while! E) Don’t worry! You’ll probably be playing tennis again by the end of the month. 71. – 75. sorularda, karşılıklı konuşmanın boş bırakılan kısmını tamamlayabilecek ifadeyi bulunnuz 71. Carl: -When does your bus leave? Brian: -At 8.30. So we’ve got a couple of hours. Carl: -----Brian: -That’s just what I was going to suggest. A) Fine. Then let’s go and get something to eat. B) Are you hungry by any chance? C) We can’t do much in two hours. D) Where’s your luggage? Do you only have the one bag? E) It’s been good seeing you! Come again soon! 2010 – LYS5 /İNG Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 54 72. Richard: -There must be an explanation for why gossiping is so popular. Mary: -----Richard: -Isn’t it more likely to disconnect us from the people we gossip about? Mary: -I see your point, but what they mean is “nice” gossip. A) Yes, it is done intensively all over the world. B) In fact, there is. Psychologists say that gossip makes us feel connected to others. C) Well, what’s your explanation? D) When there is gossip about public figures, it seems to make them more human. E) People may say they don’t gossip ‒ but usually they do! 73. Interviewer: -Are you unhappy about the lack of privacy? Film Star: -Not at all. Privacy has never been that important to me. Interviewer: -----Film Star: -Well, why would you choose this sort of a life and then worry about privacy? A) That’s exactly what I think about it. B) So, you’re complaining about it? C) Really? That surprises me. D) That sounds like a good idea. E) My private life has to be my own. 2010 – LYS5 /İNG Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 55 74. Liz: -What did you think of the play? Bob: -It was great fun to watch. There was so much colour and activity in it. Liz: -----Bob: -No; not really. I must watch it again to get the main idea. A) Wasn’t the scene where they danced terrific? B) I wish they had included some music to make it more enjoyable. C) Even though the stage was very small and dark. D) What did you think of the acting? E) Yes; that’s true. But did you understand it? 75. Peter: -Are you going to join one of the further training schemes the bank is offering? James: -----Peter: -Yes; you really ought to. But at least explain the situation to the manager. James: -Good idea. I’ll do that. A) No; I’m content with things as they are. B) No; I like to keep my evenings free. C) I’m not sure. I’ll think it over. D) No, I’m not. Things are difficult at home as you know. But I know I ought to. E) Perhaps. I’m still thinking about it. What about you? 2010 – LYS5 /İNG Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 56 76. – 80. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü bozan cümleyi bulunuz. 76. (I) Tai Chi is a classical Chinese military-style exercise. (II) We call it classical because it was developed in the 12th century. (III) It was, however, designed as much for health and long life benefits as for defence. (IV) Today, advocates around the world practise it as a way to improve their health and lower stress. (V) Indeed, yoga is declining in popularity. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V 77. (I) Alison never had any stories to tell about the restaurant where she worked as a cashier. (II) “It’s just a job”, she would say. (III) “I sit there and take their credit cards or their cash. (IV) How many jobs are so full of variety? (V) At the end of the day I come home; at the end of the week I get my wages.” A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V 78. (I) Winters in Toronto, Canada, are white and cold with icy sidewalks and life-threateningly low temperatures. (II) Yet the summers are for the most part hot and sunny. (III) These harsh winter conditions, however, actually present no problems. (IV) This is partly because one can reach any part of the town by underground. (V) And partly because there is a vast shopping mall spread out beneath the city. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V 79. (I) We travelled to this small and remote Pacific island, expecting decay, deprivation and frustration. (II) Instead, we found beauty, determination and inspiration. (III) In fact, the island is always hit by hurricanes that cause much destruction. (IV) The people there all looked as if they had a special mission, a vision and a destination. (V) Hardly anyone was just hanging about doing nothing. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V 80. (I) Harry Kane, with two older partners, ran a new and very successful insurance firm. (II) It was taking a lot of business from the older, more established companies. (III) Some people looked on it with suspicion. (IV) The offices were large and beautifully furnished. (V) They thought it was growing too big and too fast; and they thought it would soon be in trouble. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V TEST BİTTİ. CEVAPLARINIZI KONTROL EDİNİZ. LİSANS YERLEŞTİRME SINAVI -5 (LYS-5) 19 HAZİRAN 2010 YABANCI DİL TESTİ İNGİLİZCE 1. E 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. D 6. E 7. D 8. E 9. B 10. C 11. A 12. B 13. A 14. D 15. E 16. A 17. D 18. B 19. C 20. B 21. A 22. C 23. A 24. C 25. A 26. E 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. D 31. E 32. B 33. E 34. D 35. E 36. A 37. C 38. E 39. C 40. D 41. B 42. A 43. D 44. C 45. B 46. D 47. E 48. D 49. A 50. C 51. A 52. C 53. A 54. B 55. E 56. A 57. D 58. C 59. B 60. A 61. D 62. A 63. E 64. C 65. A 66. B 67. C 68. E 69. A 70. C 71. A 72. B 73. C 74. E 75. D 76. E 77. D 78. B 79. C 80. D Bu testlerin her hakkı saklıdır. Hangi amaçla olursa olsun, testlerin tamamının veya bir kısmının Merkezimizin yazılı izni olmadan kopya edilmesi, fotoğrafının çekilmesi, herhangi bir yolla çoğaltılması, yayımlanması ya da kullanılması yasaktır. Bu yasağa uymayanlar gerekli cezai sorumluluğu ve testlerin hazırlanmasındaki mali külfeti peşinen kabullenmiş sayılır. DİKKAT! SINAVA BAŞLAMADAN ÖNCE AŞAĞIDAKİ UYARILARI MUTLAKA OKUYUNUZ. 1. Adınızı, soyadınızı, T.C. Kimlik Numaranızı ve sınav salon numaranızı aşağıya yazınız. 2. Soru kitapçığınızın türü A’dır. Bunu cevap kâğıdınızdaki ilgili alana kodlayınız. Bu kodlamayı cevap kâğıdınıza yapmadığınız veya yanlış yaptığınız takdirde, sınavınızın değerlendirrilmes mümkün değildir. 3. Yabancı Dil Testi için verilen toplam cevaplama süresi 60 dakikadır (1 saat). 4. Yabancı Dil Testi Almanca, Fransızca, İngilizce olmak üzere 3 ayrı dilde hazırlanmıştır. Başvuruda Yabancı Dil Testini cevaplayınız. Her testte 60 soru vardır. Bu testlerin başladığı sayfalar şöyledir: Puanının hesaplanmasını istediğiniz testi mutlaka cevaplayınız. 5. Cevaplamaya istediğiniz sorudan başlayabilirsiniz. Her soru ile ilgili cevabınızı, cevap kâğıdında o soru için ayrılmış olan yere işaretlemeyi unutmayınız. T.C. YÜKSEKÖĞRETİM KURULU YERLEŞTİRME MERKEZİ Ö S Y M ÖĞRENCİ SEÇME VE KAMU PERSONEL SEÇME SINAVI LİSANS YABANCI DİL TESTİ 10 TEMMUZ 2010 ADINIZ SOYADINIZ T.C. KİMLİK NUMARANIZ SINAV SALON NO. : ................................................................... : ................................................................... : ................................................................... : ................................................................... Almanca Fransızca İngilizce 116 30 A 6. 7. Sınavda uyulacak diğer kurallar bu kitapçığın arka kapağında verilmiştir. Bu test puanlanırken testteki doğru cevaplarınızın sayısından yanlış cevaplarınızın sayısının dörtte biri düşülecek ve kalan sayı testle ilgili ham puanınız olacaktır. Bu nedenle, hakkında hiçbir fikrinizin olmadığı soruları boş bırakınız. Ancak, soruda verilen seçeneklerden birkaçını eleyebiliyorsanız kalanlar arasından doğru cevabı kestirmeye çalışmanız yararınıza olabilir.İNGİLİZCE 2010 – KPSS /YD-CS Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. A 30 1. – 13. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerleer uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuuz 1. The pay ----between men and women in Britain is still an outrageous situation in 2010 and makes us ask: “Is it ever right for men to be paid more than women?” A) amount B) gap C) right D) rate E) policy 2. On the news of the famous film star’s death, everybody was extremely sad and recalled his ----but troubled life. A) brilliant B) worthless C) uneasy D) gloomy E) adverse 3. To understand a country and its culture ----, you have to be part of it. A) continuously B) obviously C) gravely D) reluctantly E) truly 4. Almost 40 per cent of the European Union’s energy ----from oil, and its economy is dependent on a continuous, reliable, and affordable supply. A) emerges B) derives C) comes D) flows E) arises 5. Around 1665, Newton became interested in light, and in optics, the branch of science ----it. A) making for B) dealing with C) coping with D) running over E) taking after 6. In Britain, thieves, acting as tourists, ----a Leonardo da Vinci masterpiece worth around $50 million. A) turned down B) broke down C) made up D) made off with E) put up with 7. If Atatürk ----his country to victory in the War of Independence (1919-1923), Turkey ----only as an inland state in central Anatolia. A) would not have led /had survived B) did not lead /survived C) had not led /would have survived D) has not led /would survive E) would not lead /will have survived 2010 – KPSS /YD-CS Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. A 31 8. Scientists in the seventeenth century ----the universe as a gigantic clockwork machine that ----according to a few straightforward principles. A) viewed /worked B) had viewed /would work C) have viewed /could have worked D) would have viewed /had worked E) may have viewed /had been working 9. Latin American and Caribbean nations ----regional integration as a tool to enhance democracy and ----economic growth in the region. A) were embracing /have encouraged B) embraced /will have encouraged C) had embraced /will encourage D) have been embracing /had encouraged E) have embraced /encourage 10. Claims ----damages resulting ----climate change could leave insurers facing very high bills. A) from /with B) with /by C) for /from D) about /at E) of /in 11. A bar code is a pattern of bars and spaces that can be read by a scanning device ----a computer, which determines the code ----the widths of the bars and spaces. A) over /into B) through /at C) off /from D) on /by E) for /across 12. ----water in rivers, lakes and seas is heated by the sun, some of the water evaporates to form water vapour. A) Unless B) When C) Until D) Although E) Even if 13. Some people can easily recover from their disappointments, whereas ----are depressed by even minor setbacks. A) others B) the other C) another D) other E) any 2010 – KPSS /YD-CS Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. A 32 14. – 18. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada numaralaanmı yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz. Wind is moving air. When air is heated, it becomes lighter and then rises. Cooler air from (14)----areas moves in to take the place of the rising air. This air (15)----forms wind. When wind blows, it brings different types of weather with it. The strength of a wind (16)----on how fast the heated air rises. Air rises quickly, and nearby air rushes in to take its place. This forms strong, blustery winds. Light, gentle breezes happen when heated air rises slowly. (17)----10,000 metres high in the atmosphere, there are areas of strong winds called “jet streams,” (18)----help to move hot air from the equator towards the poles, keeping the Earth at a more even temperature. 14. A) fictitious B) rough C) predictable D) obscure E) surrounding 15. A) movement B) shuffle C) turnout D) arrangement E) settlement 16. A) ignores B) resists C) depends D) shows E) brings 17. A) On B) Behind C) Through D) About E) To 18. A) which B) where C) when D) while E) what 19. – 24. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz. 19. Although the price of manufactured cotton goods fell dramatically in England in the early years of the Industrial Revolution due to mass production, ----. A) the concentration of property in fewer hands drove small farmers off the land B) the market expanded so rapidly that profits continued to increase C) London became the headquarters for the transfer of raw material and capital throughout the world D) overseas commercial exploration and development opened new territories to European trade E) railroads revolutionized industry, markets, and public as well as private financing 20. ----, but each represented a distinct departure from this earlier world. A) The Romans borrowed heavily from the Greek settlers in Italy, who had originally arrived in the eighth century B.C. B) Greece and Rome constituted the seedbed out of which all subsequent Western civilizations would develop C) The Romans were much more devoted to their traditions than the Greeks D) The classical Greek and Roman civilizations drew heavily on the traditions and achievements of the ancient Near East E) From the Greeks, the Romans derived their alphabet, many of their religious concepts, and much of their art 2010 – KPSS /YD-CS Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. A 33 21. As students in medieval universities advanced in their studies, ----. A) literacy in the Middle Ages was generally limited to the clergy B) the rise of lay education was the most important development in medieval Europe C) they were also expected to develop their skills in public speech D) the term “university” originally meant a corporation or a guild E) the numbers of those educated at all levels vastly increased in the late Middle Ages 22. It is important to realize ----. A) even if some prospective parents are aware they have an increased risk of having a baby with a genetic disease B) although human characteristics are more influenced by genes than by the environment C) since a person’s blood count of red and white cells varies quite a bit, depending on a wide range of factors D) because the growing number of genetic tests available to the public has raised concern about how they are used E) that the individual features of any organism arise from a combination of genetic and environmental factors 23. Nutritional problems can emerge ----. A) in case a vitamin is an organic nutrient that we must obtain from our diet B) whereby vegetarians have to know how to get all the essential nutrients C) whether the key to being a healthy vegetarian is to eat a variety of plant foods D) when people have to rely on a single type of food E) so that minerals are simply inorganic nutrients, usually required in small amounts 24. ----, there remain tremendous development needs in the region, resulting from poverty and political instability. A) While the pace of progress in Latin America over the past two decades has been impressive B) Since most Latin American countries maintain closer relations with the United States C) Just as Europe and Latin America share historic and cultural ties stretching back over 500 years D) Before the European Union became the largest foreign investor in Latin America E) So long as the European Investment Bank provides loans to a number of Latin American countries 2010 – KPSS /YD-CS Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. A 34 25. – 28. sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümleye anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi bulunuz. 25. The European Union has supported democratic elections throughout Latin America by providing technical assistance to local electoral authorities. A) Güney Amerika’daki tüm demokratik seçimler, yerel seçim yetkililerine teknik yardım sağlayan Avrupa Birliği’nin desteğiyle gerçekleşmiştir. B) Avrupa Birliği, yerel seçim yetkililerine teknik yardım sağlayarak, tüm Latin Amerika’da demokrrati seçimleri desteklemiştir. C) Avrupa Birliği, Güney Amerika’nın tümünde, yerre seçim yetkililerine teknik yardım yapmanın yanı sıra, demokratik seçimlere destek vermiştir. D) Tüm Güney Amerika’da, demokratik seçimler, Avrupa Birliği’nin, yerel seçim yetkililerine teknik yardım ve desteğiyle gerçekleşmiştir. E) Güney Amerika’nın tümünde demokratik seçimleer destekleyen Avrupa Birliği, yerel seçim yetkilillerin teknik yardım da sağlamıştır. 26. Data are so poor that tracking the flow of aid money is impossible in many African countries. A) Verilerin azlığı nedeniyle, yardım parasının pek çok Afrika ülkesindeki akışını izlemek, tümden imkânsızdır. B) Pek çok Afrika ülkesinde, yardım parasının akışıın ilişkin veriler o kadar az ki gerekli izlemeyi yapmak, hiç mümkün değildir. C) Veriler o kadar az ki, birçok Afrika ülkesinde, yardım parasının akışını izlemek imkânsızdır. D) Çoğu Afrika ülkesinde veriler yeterli olmadığı için, yardım parası akışının izlenmesi mümkün değildir. E) Çoğu Afrika ülkesinde, verilerin azlığı, yardım parasının akışını izlemeyi imkânsız kılmaktadır. 27. A study made by an American research centre has found that the Internet is the third most popular source for news among Americans, behind local and national television. A) Amerikalılar arasında, İnternetin, yerel ve ulusal televizyonun ardından en sık yararlanılan üçüncü haber kaynağı olduğunun, bir Amerikan araştırmm merkezince belirlenmesinden sonra, internetti yaygınlığı artmıştır. B) Bir Amerikan şirketinin yaptığı araştırmaya göre Amerikan toplumunun üçüncü en güvenilir haber kaynağı, yerel ve ulusal televizyonun ardından gelen İnternettir. C) Bir Amerikan araştırma merkezinin araştırması, yerel ve ulusal televizyonun, en çok tercih edilen üçüncü haber kaynağı olan İnternetin önünde olduğğun ispat etmiştir. D) Bir Amerikan araştırma merkezince yapılan çalışşma Amerikan halkı arasında, İnternetin, yerel ve ulusal televizyondan sonra, üçüncü en yaygın haber kaynağı olduğunu ortaya çıkarmıştır. E) İnternetin en sık başvurulan üçüncü haber kaynaağ olmasına rağmen, yerel ve ulusal televizyoon geçemediği, bir Amerikan araştırma merkezzinc kanıtlanmıştır. 28. The European Union has put pressure on the Greek government to make a new plan to raise taxes and cut expenses. A) Avrupa Birliği, Yunan hükûmetine, yeni bir planlaam yapmak için baskı kurmasa, hükûmet ne vergileri artırabilir ne de harcamaları kısabilir. B) Avrupa Birliği’nin baskısıyla, Yunan hükûmeti, vergileri artırıp, harcamaları kısmak için yeni bir plan yapıyor. C) Avrupa Birliği’nin baskısıyla, Yunan hükûmeti yaptığı yeni plana göre, vergileri artırıp, harcamallar kısıyor. D) Avrupa Birliği’nin baskısı nedeniyle, Yunan hükûmeetini vergileri artırıp harcamaları kısmak için, yeni bir plan yapması kaçınılmazdır. E) Avrupa Birliği, Yunan hükûmetine, vergileri artırmma ve harcamaları kısmak amacıyla, yeni bir plan yapması için baskı yapmaktadır. 2010 – KPSS /YD-CS Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. A 35 29. – 32. sorularda, verilen Türkçe cümleye anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi bulunuz. 29. Bazı uzmanlar, yoksulluğu, sadece mühendislik ve teknoloji ile çözülebilecek bir sorun olarak görmekteddirler A) Most experts consider that the problem of poverty can best be solved through engineering and technology. B) Poverty has always been considered by various experts to be a problem that can be solved through engineering and technology. C) Engineering and technology have been regarded by most experts as the only ways whereby the problem of poverty can be solved. D) Some experts regard poverty as a problem, only to be solved by engineering and technology. E) For some experts, poverty is a problem that can be overcome through engineering and technology. 30. Güçlü sesinin yanı sıra, en geniş repertuvara sahhi pop şarkıcılarından biri olan Sezen Aksu, yüzdde fazla şarkı bestelemiştir. A) Sezen Aksu, who is one of the pop singers with the richest repertoire as well as a powerful voice, has composed over a hundred songs. B) Sezen Aksu, who has a powerful voice and is also one of the pop singers with the richest repertoire, has composed nearly a hundred songs. C) Sezen Aksu, who has composed more than a hundred songs, is one of the pop singers with the richest repertoire and a powerful voice. D) Sezen Aksu, whose powerful voice and rich repertoire have made her one of the famous pop singers, has composed more than a hundred songs. E) Sezen Aksu has become a famous pop singer because of her rich repertoire, powerful voice and hundreds of songs she has composed. 31. Bazı Batı Afrika ülkelerinde, hükûmetlerin, kendi zengin maden kaynaklarını etkin bir şekilde yönetememmeleri onların dış yardıma bağlı kalmalarına neden olmuştur. A) The governments in various West African countries are so inefficient in the management of their vast mineral resources that they have become solely dependent on foreign aid. B) In some West African countries, the inability of the governments to manage their rich mineral resources efficiently has caused them to be dependent on foreign aid. C) Due to their failure in exploiting their vast mineral resources, the governments in a number of West African countries have been dependent on foreign aid. D) Since some governments in the West African countries have been unable to exploit their rich mineral resources adequately, they have become entirely dependent on foreign aid. E) Because of their inefficiency in managing and exploiting the vast mineral resources of their countries, some West African governments have come to be dependent on foreign aid. 32. Yeni banknot ve madeni paralarımız yenilenen tasarımları, değişen boyutları ve gelişmiş güvenlli özellikleriyle, 1 Ocak 2009’dan beri kullanımdadıır A) Our banknotes and coins are new because they have had unusual designs, different dimensions and improved security features since 1st January, 2009. B) Since 1st January, 2009, we have used banknotes and coins that have been designed with new dimensions and security features. C) Our new banknotes and coins, with their renewed designs, changed dimensions and improved security features, have been in use since 1st January, 2009. D) With their new designs, different dimensions and perfect security features, new banknotes and coins have come into use after 1st January, 2009. E) They renewed the designs, changed the dimensions and improved the security features of our banknotes and coins on 1st January 2009, so they are in use now. 2010 – KPSS /YD-CS Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. A 36 33. – 36. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü bozan cümleyi bulunuz. 33. (I) In the early 1930s, the Nazis came to power in Germany. (II) In August 1939, Einstein wrote President Roosevelt a letter which he knew could affect the war and the future of humanity. (III) The subject was the possibility of Germany’s development of nuclear weapons. (IV) In the letter he wrote: “This situation calls for watchfulness and quick action on the part of the Administration.” (V) Upon Einstein’s letter, Roosevelt called for a meeting of his military advisers. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V 34. (I) A large body of water can store a huge amount of heat from the sun during warm periods. (II) Evaporation from a plant’s leaves keeps them from becoming too warm in the sun. (III) At cooler times, heat given off from the gradually cooling water can warm the air. (IV) That is why coastal areas generally have milder climates than inland regions. (V) Moreover, water’s resistance to temperature change also stabilizes ocean temperatures, creating a favourable environment for marine life. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V 35. (I) At present, aviation adds only 3.5 per cent of the carbon dioxide to the atmosphere. (II) That seems a trivial contribution to pollution. (Ill) Yet flights are the fastest growing polluter in transport. (lV) It is estimated that by 2050 aviation will account for 70 per cent of air pollution. (V) Therefore, some airlines have decided to increase the number of their flights. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V 36. (I) The tenth century in Europe witnessed a remarkable growth of towns and cities. (II) For instance, in England, by the middle of the eleventh century, 10 per cent of the population lived in towns, making it the most highly urbanized country in Europe. (III) Therefore, the prosperity of the medieval Italian cities rested mainly on their trade with the Byzantine Empire and the Muslim world. (IV) Cities also grew rapidly in France and Germany. (V) In Spain, especially the growth of Barcelona was beginning to transform the political and social life of the country. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V 2010 – KPSS /YD-CS Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. A 37 37. – 40. sorularda, karşılıklı konuşmanın boş bırakılan kısmını tamamlayabilecek ifadeyi bulunnuz 37. Jack: -Good morning, Dick. I see you are reading an article. What is it about? A serious topic? Dick: -Yes, in my opinion, very serious, indeed. It is about “globalization” but does not offer a full discussion. Jack: -----Dick: -So you see, it is a very broad and also complicated subject. No simple and easy answers to your questions. A) Doesn’t globalization generally mean that information, ideas, goods, and people move rapidly and easily across national boundaries? B) Globalization has radically altered the distribution of industry and patterns of trade around the world, hasn’t it? C) Don’t you think globalization is the process of creating political, social, economic, and cultural networks that span the world? D) Globalization? What, precisely, does the term mean? What causes or drives globalization, and what are its effects? E) Isn’t it fair to say that, through globalization, the world’s local, national, and regional economies have become far more connected and interdependent? 38. Liz: -As far as I am concerned, today a serious demographic crisis confronts some countries in the West. Jane: -What kind of “demographic crisis” are you talking about? You mean a high rate of population growth? Liz: -----Jane: -I see what you mean. A serious issue, indeed. A) Most social welfare systems in the West have been very efficient and contributed greatly to the rise of a healthy population. B) Unlike most other European countries, the United States and also Britain have kept stable populations or seen mild population growth mostly due to immigration. C) On the contrary. Over the decades, countries such as Italy, Germany, France, Belgium and Holland have faced sharp declines in the birth rate, leading to population decline. D) In fact, the availability of reliable birth control methods and also the introduction of new incentives for family planning have slowed down the rapid rise of population in the developed countries. E) The economic prosperity of the West has enabled nations to introduce better and more comprehensive health-care policies. 2010 – KPSS /YD-CS Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. A 38 39. Tom: -I am doing research on the French impressionists for a paper that I will present at a conference in Paris. Ron: -I know very little about them. Tom: -----Ron: -I see. Actually, I have always admired their paintings. A) Because most art galleries rejected their work, they organized their own independent exhibitions. B) For instance, Cézanne rejected traditional perspective and put emphasis on the subjective arrangement of colour and form. C) In my opinion, like most artistic movements, modernism defined itself in opposition to a set of earlier principles. D) As an artist, Gauguin was very much influenced by the symbolist movement in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. E) Well, they were a group of young artists such as Cézanne, Monet, Renoir and others who came to prominence in the 1870s. 40. Paul: -Galileo’s pioneering work in astronomy brought him into conflict with the Church. Bill: -Why do you call his work “pioneering”? Paul: -----Bill: -Surely, a set of new ideas. Moreover, we mustn’t forget that he was a great mathematician, too. A) He was convinced that Aristotle’s explanation of the structure of the universe was inadequate and had to be abandoned. B) In the first place, the Church believed that his work challenged its authority, and he was therefore put on trial. C) Actually, one of his life’s great scientific passions was the problem of motion, particularly the motion of objects on a moving earth. D) Well, for the first time, he offered evidence that the earth moved, discovered Jupiter’s moons, and formed some idea of the enormous distances between the stars. E) At his trial, he argued that, if the Church refused to recognize the “new science” and its explanation of the natural world, the authority of the Church would suffer. 2010 – KPSS /YD-CS Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. A 39 41. – 44. sorularda, boş bırakılan yere, parçadd anlam bütünlüğünü sağlamak için getirilebillece cümleyi bulunuz. 41. The turn of the twentieth century brought a series of crises to the Western empires. Those crises did not end European imperial rule in the colonies. ----The crises also drove these nations to expand their economic and military commitments in what they called their territories overseas. However, because of these crises, the colonial confidence of these nations was much shaken. A) In recent years historians have become increasingly interested in colonial cultures and the results of the imperial encounter across the world. B) Writers such as Joseph Conrad believed that imperialism signalled deeply rooted prejudices in European culture. C) They did, however, create sharp tensions between Western imperial nations which had already got into fierce rivalry for territorial gains. D) As a result of colonialism, European and indigenous institutions and cultures were transformed by their contact with each other. E) Especially in China and India, there were fierce debates about whether education should be “westernized” or continue on traditional lines. 42. 1968 was an extraordinary year, quite similar to 1848, with its wave of revolution. ----Indeed, international youth culture fostered a sense of collective identity. The new media relayed images of civil rights protest in the United States to Europe and broadcast news and pictures about the Vietnam War. The wave of unrest shook the West. Moreover, traditional political parties had little idea what to make of these new movements and those who participated in them. A) The Iron Curtain had established one of the most rigid borders in European history. B) The civil rights movement had enormous significance for the twentieth century. C) On the other hand, legal changes would not have occurred without the women’s movements in the West. D) The revolutionary spirit at the time was intensely international. E) The conservative traditions of the West made intellectual reform difficult in the post-war period. 2010 – KPSS /YD-CS Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. A 40 43. William Shakespeare, the greatest of Renaissance English dramatists, was born into the family of a tradesman in the provincial town of Stratford-upon-Avon. Little is known about his early life. He left his native town, having gained a modest education, when he was about twenty, and went to London, where he found employment in the theatre. ----Yet by the age of twenty-eight he had definitely acquired a reputation as an author sufficient to excite the jealousy of his rivals. A) How he eventually became an actor and still later a writer of plays is uncertain. B) His final play, The Tempest, represents his reflections on human nature and the power of art. C) The plays written during the early years of his career are characterized by a sense of confidence. D) His Hamlet, which is his greatest play, is the tragedy of indecisive idealism and passion for the truth. E) Throughout his tragedies one senses his profound analysis of human character seized by passion. 44. Opera was a seventeenth-century creation, developed most significantly by the Italian Baroque composer Claudio Monteverdi (1567-1643). He combined music with theatre for greater dramatic intensity. Monteverdi’s new form of opera appealed immediately. ----Staged within magnificent settings and calling on the talents of singers, musicians, dramatists, and stage designers, opera expressed as clearly as any art form Baroque artists’ dedication to grandeur, drama, and display. A) During the Enlightenment, intellectual changes went hand in hand with social and cultural ones, and human equality and freedom were regarded as natural. B) Eighteenth-century musicians, like eighteenthcenntur writers, found their careers and art shaped by changing structures of culture. C) In the Age of the Enlightenment, aristocratic and court patronage remained the pillars of support for musicians. D) Mozart’s opera The Marriage of Figaro, which was based on a French play, depicts relations between masters and their servants and satirizes the abuses of privilege. E) Within one generation operas were performed in all the leading cities of Italy, and by the eighteenth century they had captured attention across Europe. 2010 – KPSS /YD-CS Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. A 41 45. – 48. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız. Science and technology are interdependent, but their basic goals differ. The goal of science is to understand natural phenomena. In contrast, the goal of technology is generally to apply scientific knowledge for some specific purpose. Biologists and other scientists often speak of “discoveries,” while engineers and other technologists more often speak of “inventions.” The beneficiaries of those inventions also include scientists, who put new technology to work in their research. Scientific discoveries often lead to new technologies. Moreover, the combination of science and technology has dramatic effects on society. For instance, the discovery of the structure of DNA more than 50 years ago and subsequent achievements in DNA science have led to various technologies of DNA engineering that are transforming many fields, including medicine, forensics, and agriculture. 45. It is pointed out in the passage that the technologies developed through DNA engineering ----. A) are making fundamental changes in various fields, ranging from medicine to forensics and agriculture B) are being applied with some success in different fields of study, especially in forensics C) need to be improved in order to make them more effective in medicine and forensics D) have been in use for over 50 years, especially in the fields of medicine, forensics, and agriculture E) are extremely complicated, but their use in medicine has been increasingly common 46. According to the passage, although science and technology differ with regard to their essential aims, ----. A) the advancement of scientific knowledge wholly depends on the use of technology B) they are complementary to each other and have a close relationship C) it is technology that enables science to understand phenomena in nature fully D) no scientific progress can be made in medicine without the use of technology E) it is through the use of new technologies that scientific discoveries can best be evaluated 47. It is stressed in the passage that the cooperation of science and technology ----. A) ought to be far more efficient and productive B) has so far been achieved only in DNA science C) is a matter that has aroused much controversy among scientists D) is indispensable for the improvement of forensic studies E) has always been for the good of society 48. The passage ----. A) mainly focuses on how and why science and technology depend on each other B) is wholly concerned with the results of research in DNA science C) emphasizes that scientific research is far more vital than its technological uses D) gives a full account of the changes that have been taking place in various fields E) rejects the view that no invention can be made without any scientific research 2010 – KPSS /YD-CS Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. A 42 49. – 52. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız. In ancient Greece, Athens and Sparta both wanted to be the leading power. Athens was rich and more civilized, but Sparta was somewhat backward, though brave and well-organized. The Athenians had a splendid navy, while the Spartans had the besttraaine soldiers. Both city-states had allies that would support them. They also had enemies who were looking for the chance to attack. Moreover, Athens and Sparta were rivals in another way. Each believed that their city had the best laws and lifestyle. The Spartans thought that the Athenians were soft and pleasure-seeking. The Athenians looked on the Spartans as being harsh and dull. In 461 B.C., Athens attacked Sparta and its allies. The fighting continued for 14 years until the Athenians won, and Sparta was forced to admit that Athens was the strongest power in Greece. 49. As described in the passage, in ancient Greece, ----. A) Sparta had the best legal system, which was much envied by the Athenians B) Athens had more allies than Sparta and collaborated with them to win the war C) Athens had the monopoly of overseas trade and caused the collapse of the Spartan economy D) there was a fierce rivalry between Athens and Sparta, which ultimately led to a war E) the economic prosperity of Athens was completely ruined by the war with Sparta 50. As emphasized in the passage, contrary to Sparta, Athens ----. A) was a decadent city-state and, in military matters, depended only on its allies B) was much more advanced politically, culturally, and economically C) was unable to resolve the political crisis that undermined its military power D) had a lifestyle that was characterized by political and moral corruption E) always tried to impose its hegemony on all the city-states in Greece 51. One understands from the passage that the Athenians ----. A) were more experienced in naval and tactical matters than any other city-state B) had a deep-seated fear of the Spartans and, therefore, kept a well-trained army C) and the Spartans tried their best to live in peace and strengthen friendship D) always believed that, against their enemies, they could depend on the Spartans E) were biased against the Spartans and despised them 52. As pointed out in the passage, upon its defeat, Sparta ----. A) accepted the conditions of peace jointly specified with the Athenians B) lost its naval power completely to resist Athens C) had no other choice but to recognize Athens’s superiority D) was invaded by Athens, and its people were taken prisoners E) was deserted by its allies who, then, joined the Athenians 2010 – KPSS /YD-CS Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. A 43 53. – 56. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız. It was one of the curators at the Victoria and Albert Museum who suggested that it would be useful if prisoners at Wandsworth prison, an all-male prison, should spend some of their time doing embroidery and, in the end, produce a patchwork quilt. At first there was no response. But presently, one after another, prisoners asked for pieces of material and embroidery silks to take back to their cells. Suddenly, dozens of embroidered hexagon patches appeared−so many that the prisoners themselves formed a selection committee to choose which were good enough for the final quilt. They wanted not just the best pieces of sewing, but the ones that most accurately reflected their lives. The finished quilt will soon be on display at the Victoria and Albert Museum. 53. According to the passage, the idea of having prisoners at Wandsworth create a patchwork quilt ----. A) was immediately welcomed by the prison authorities and the prisoners alike B) came from a curator at the Victoria and Albert Museum C) only even appealed to a very small number of prisoners D) nearly had to be abandoned for security reasons E) had been tried out in several other prisons earlier 54. It is clear from the passage that, when work on the patchwork quilt got going in Wandsworth prison, ----. A) it had a very positive effect on the lives and attitudes of the prisoners B) it was very strictly supervised by the prison authorities C) prisoners worked in groups and encouraged each other to work harder D) it was extremely popular right from the beginning E) some prisoners already knew how to make quilts 55. We understand from the passage that the men who worked on the quilt in Wandsworth prison ----. A) remained convinced that sewing was not a man’s work B) did so because they were obliged to C) grew to hate the work soon after the first excitement was over D) set themselves very low standards E) represented their lives on the patches they made 56. We learn from the passage that the selection committee at Wandsworth ----. A) supervised the design of the patchwork quilt B) had the curator of the Victoria and Albert Museum as its chair person C) decided that the quilt should go on display at the Victoria and Albert Museum D) was made up entirely of prisoners E) wanted the quilt to contain hexagons worked by all the prisoners involved in the scheme 2010 – KPSS /YD-CS Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. A 44 57. – 60. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız. Astrology has been the single most influential pseudo-science in human history. The notion that our fate may be connected with the stars is present in almost all human cultures and dates from mankind’s earliest days. Indeed, the pyramids, chamber tombs and megaliths of ancient history were built to align with the heavens. Yet as science has replaced superstition in man’s affairs, astrology’s influence has, so to speak, declined enormously. In ancient times, men believed that the stars and planets played a direct role in human affairs, and the first astrologers were priest-magicians of unlimited power. After the Middle Ages, astrologers no longer believed the stars controlled our destinies but thought signs involving human affairs could be read in the heavens. Today, the powers claimed for astrology are much diminished, and the discipline is valued by most of its users for the insights it is believed to offer into personality types. 57. It is pointed out in the passage that, in our time, astrology ----. A) has once again drawn the attention of scientists since it is connected with the stars and planets B) is very popular throughout the world because people study it to manage their daily affairs C) is a major rival of science since it provides valuable insights into human affairs D) has contributed enormously to our understanding of other cultures and communities E) is generally used as a means whereby, for some people, personality traits are revealed 58. According to the passage, in ancient times, ----. A) it was commonly believed that man’s life was directly influenced by the stars and planets B) astrologers were believed to have superhuman powers given to them by the gods with whom they were in direct contact C) every community respected astrologers, who played a leading role in the solution of their political problems D) monumental structures were designed in order to control human destiny E) astrology was the single most important branch of science, which was carefully studied by every member of a community 59. As claimed in the passage, every culture in the world today ----. A) values the teachings of astrology as the most scientific facts B) embodies the idea that a man’s destiny is controlled by the stars C) attaches much importance to priest-magicians as leaders of social life D) makes use of astrology in order to settle various problems E) has various types of historic buildings such as pyramids and tombs 60. As stated in the passage, the astrologers in the post-medieval period ----. A) rejected the traditional view that human destiny was controlled by the stars B) began to be regarded as priest-magicians with infinite power C) were hardly skilled in the interpretation of heavenly signs D) played a pioneering role in the development of modern science E) contributed to the development of astronomy as a modern science TEST BİTTİ. CEVAPLARINIZI KONTROL EDİNİZ. KAMU PERSONEL SEÇME SINAVI LİSANS 10 TEMMUZ 2010 YABANCI DİL TESTİ -İNGİLİZCE A KİTAPÇIĞI 1. B 2. A 3. E 4. C 5. B 6. D 7. C 8. A 9. E 10. C 11. D 12. B 13. A 14. E 15. A 16. C 17. D 18. A 19. B 20. D 21. C 22. E 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. E 29. D 30. A 31. B 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. E 36. C 37. D 38. C 39. E 40. D 41. C 42. D 43. A 44. E 45. A 46. B 47. E 48. A 49. D 50. B 51. E 52. C 53. B 54. A 55. E 56. D 57. E 58. A 59. B 60. A DENEME SINAVLARI 1.DENEME 1… ÜDS 2009 MART SOSYAL 2.DENEME 2… ÜDS 2009 MART FEN 3.DENEME 3… ÜDS 2009 MART SAĞLIK 4.DENEME 4… ÜDS 2009 EKİM SOSYAL 5.DENEME 5… ÜDS 2009 EKİM FEN 6.DENEME 6… ÜDS 2009 EKİM SAĞLIK 7.DENEME 7… ÜDS 2010 MART SOSYAL 8.DENEME 8… ÜDS 2010 MART FEN 9.DENEME 9… ÜDS 2010 MART SAĞLIKA İNGİLİZCE SOSYAL BİLİMLER TESTİ 2009-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Sos. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 36 1. – 18. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerleer uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuuz 1. Most scientists agree that the human history of North America began when the early ----of modern Native Americans made their way across a land bridge that once connected north-eastern Asia to North America. A) inhabitants B) ancestors C) colleagues D) counterparts E) descendants 2. In 1996, two teams of archaeologists found what appear to be the remains of very ----musical instruments at Neanderthal sites. A) sensitive B) reluctant C) relentless D) simple E) confident 3. Losing a loved one is always painful, but for most people time ----heals the wounds. A) densely B) excessively C) eventually D) casually E) cautiously 4. A lack of skills or of higher education are issues that ----many South Africans from making a decent living. A) prevent B) promote C) complain D) offer E) help 5. There are digest magazines that gather articles and even books from a variety of sources and condense them for us so that we can easily ----new developments. A) get along with B) look up to C) keep up with D) make away with E) take over from 6. You’ve got a long journey ahead of you so you ought to ----early in the morning. A) turn up B) go by C) make out D) break through E) set out 7. Although alcohol consumption per capita ----a peak in the United States during the first three decades of the 19th century, now it ----down in all age groups. A) reached /is going B) has reached /goes C) will reach /will go D) was reaching /went E) would reach /has gone 8. Imagine what your life would be like if you ----one morning and everything you ----had been forgotten! A) wake up /have ever learned B) woke up /had ever learned C) had woken up /ever learned D) will wake up /ever learn E) have woken up /will ever learn 9. For a long time now, Asia’s emerging economies ----the world’s most dynamic, with GDP ----at an annual rate of 7.5%. A) were /to have grown B) would have been /having grown C) have been /growing D) would be /to be growing E) are /to grow A 2009-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Sos. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 37 10. Imhotep, god of medicine, ----as a mythological figure in the minds of many scholars until the end of the 19th century, when it ----that he was a real historical personage. A) existed /was established B) has existed /has been established C) had existed /was being established D) will exist /will have been established E) exists /had been established 11. People who ----it hard to give up smoking often ----outside assistance. A) are finding /are sought B) had found /are seeking C) could have found /will seek D) find /seek E) would have found /had been sought 12. We humans, like all warm-blooded animals, can keep our core body temperatures pretty constant regardless ----the physical conditions in the world ----us. A) to /through B) with /for C) about /inside D) on /over E) of /around 13. Compared with the United States after 9/11, India has reacted ----the Mumbai attacks ----restraint. A) over /from B) for /in C) by /to D) to /with E) at /over 14. ----everyone appears to dislike a person who is known as a “gossip,” it is an exceedingly unusual individual who doesn’t enjoy a bit of gossip. A) If B) Unless C) Although D) Whenever E) Once 15. ----influencing how we think, digital technology is altering how we feel and how we behave. A) Despite B) Besides C) Whereas D) As if E) Owing to 16. ----scientists can tell, our prehistoric ancestors lived in relatively small groups where they knew everyone else in the group. A) Despite the fact that B) Apart from C) As far as D) As much as E) Unlike 17. One type of family is the single-parent family, in ----children live with an unmarried, divorced or widowed mother or father. A) which B) that C) them D) where E) whom 18. ----being a personal relationship between two people, marriage is one of society’s most important and basic institutions. A) Instead of B) In addition to C) Because of D) In opposition to E) In case of A 2009-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Sos. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 38 19. – 23. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada numaralaanmı yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz. It might be argued that the internal problems of some nations are so great that they can (19) ----exercise any influence on the wider world. With all their internal troubles and failures, what part can they (20) ----in international endeavours for the (21) ----of peace? The dangers now are greater than ever. A racist war in southern Africa; another far more devastating conflict in the Middle East; continued unrest in the Far East. (22) ----, which is even worse, there is growing tension (23) ----the world between the rich and the poor; and this could give rise to fresh conflicts. 19. A) briefly B) easily C) widely D) intensely E) hardly 20. A) define B) use C) play D) claim E) proceed 21. A) tolerance B) agreement C) emergence D) establishment E) representation 22. A) Otherwise B) Despite C) Notwithstanding D) Nevertheless E) Moreover 23. A) about B) among C) throughout D) beside E) above 24. – 35. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz. 24. When we enter a library and glance at the books on the shelves, ----. A) the readers are expected to classify the bulk of the books B) we are at first bewildered by their variety and quantity C) the first thing we did was to look for the book we needed D) the shelves are tidied up at the end of every working day by the librarians E) some libraries offer on-line services while others don’t 25. Although young children readily learn the names of numbers, ----. A) it is a long time before they can use them effectively B) much research has been carried out on the process of learning C) their parents try to encourage them to solve complex problems D) it doesn’t matter if they enjoy maths or not E) they can easily learn how to multiply two-digit numbers 26. Since many forms of evidence are in a state of poor preservation, ----. A) environmental archaeology is now a welldeveelope discipline B) we can reconstruct the earlier forms of the sites C) the work of archaeologists today is harder than it need have been D) fossils have survived in many dry caves E) archaeologists will probably have disregarded them A 2009-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Sos. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 39 27. Because analytic philosophy is so different from empirical research, ----. A) each field is a rather new area of study for analysts B) interdisciplinary studies have proven it invaluable C) social scientists were of the same opinion D) many new students engaging in it are greatly puzzled by it E) art appreciation has developed only recently 28. Although Dublin is a fairly small city, ----. A) in the 20th century, they established their own identities, and today Dublin is a thriving, modern city, rich in history and proud of its past B) there is also a river running through the middle C) the first harbour in Dublin was established in the early 9th century D) Vikings founded one of their largest settlements outside Scandinavia on the site of the present city E) it is famous for its rich cultural heritage which attracts millions of tourists every year 29. When people are faced with terribly long “to do” lists, ----. A) we began to feel hopelessly discouraged B) it might be an unnecessarily exaggerated concern C) they might have been motivated D) it is easy to find reasons to put off doing them E) they don’t want to feel it was wasted 30. Our voices sound higher and thinner on tape than they do when we hear ourselves speaking ----. A) but this is actually much closer to the sound that other people hear when we speak B) because a good-quality recording cannot be made easily C) so that there is no loss of quality in the recording D) whether others recognize the quality of our voices or not E) because researchers found that people who experience a level of social anxiety dislike their voices 31. Mystery-type novels are popular ----. A) unless you are provided with enough background to the crime and all necessary clues B) because they challenge the reader to solve the crime before the detective does C) so that the reader has a chance to exercise his imagination D) if the mysteries cannot be solved by detectives E) so that their authors are not too harshly criticized 32. Austria is linguistically homogeneous, with 98 per cent of the population speaking German, ----. A) so the linguistic differences among this majority cannot be denied B) since people in most German-speaking countries don’t have much difficulty understanding each other C) unless the majority of Austrians learn at least one foreign language D) however there are considerable differences in dialect between the various regions of the country E) for the resulting heterogeneity contributes to the cultural diversity in the country A 2009-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Sos. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 40 33. Japan’s efforts to reduce piracy incidents in the area were highly successful ----. A) so several other countries adopted similar tactics B) unless various local security forces had also responded C) though the usual policy of the government will be one of non-interference D) once they choose to rise to the challenge E) when it lacked the desire to assert itself 34. Terrorism is not likely to cease in India ----. A) until the security system was in need of reform B) though that is what many would have hoped for C) even though great efforts are being made to end it D) since the shortcomings of the government were even then widely known E) that it is not enough to right symbolic wrongs 35. The concept of Emotional Intelligence has had an enormous impact on the workplace ----. A) which gives you a chance to reconsider your routine B) who matter the most to us C) because people seem reluctant to admit this is a real tension D) as long as we feel contempt and disgust for ourselves E) where employers have realized the importance of being considerate 36. – 38. sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümleye anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi bulunuz. 36. The trait that makes human language different from animal language is the complexity of sentence structures that we employ. A) Hayvan diliyle insan dili birbirinden farklıdır çünkü insanlar karmaşık cümle yapıları kullanırlar. B) İnsanların kullandığı karmaşık dil yapıları, insan dilini hayvanlarınkinden farklı kılar. C) İnsan dilini hayvan dilinden farklı kılan özellik, kullandığımız cümle yapılarının karmaşıklığıdır. D) İnsan dili hayvan dilinden karmaşık cümle yapılarıyla ayrılır. E) Karmaşık cümle yapıları kullanılması nedeniyle insan ve hayvan dilleri birbirinden farklıdır. 37. The Egyptian technique of pressing together vertical and horizontal wet strips of fibre from the core of the papyrus plant is similar to the bonding of the cellulose in modern paper making, but was otherwise very different. A) Enine ve boyuna döşenen ıslak papirüs özü liflerinin sıkıştırılmasına dayanan Mısır kağıt yapımı tekniği, modern kağıt yapımında selülozun sıkıştırılmasına benzeyen bir tekniktir, ancak pek çok açıdan farklılıklar bulunmaktadır. B) Papirüs bitkisi özünden çıkartılan ıslak lif şeritlerini yatay ve düşey biçimde döşedikten sonra bir araya getirerek sıkıştıran Mısır tekniği, modern kağıt yapımı sürecinde selülozun sıkıştırılmasına benzer özellikler gösterse de, temelde oldukça farklı bir yöntemdir. C) Her ne kadar çok farklı gibi görünse de, papirüs bitkisi özünden elde edilen ıslak lifleri şeritler halinde enine ve boyuna döşedikten sonra sıkıştırarak kağıt yapmayı sağlayan Mısır tekniği, günümüz selüloz liflerini sıkıştırma yoluyla kağıt yapma yöntemine benzer özellikler gösterir. D) Modern kağıt yapımındaki selüloz sıkıştırma yöntemi ile Mısırlıların papirüs özünden çıkarttıkları ıslak lifleri çapraz biçimde sıkıştırıp kağıt yapma yöntemi bazı önemli farklılıkları saymazsak, temelde benzerlik gösterir. E) Mısırlıların papirüs bitkisi özünden elde edilen, enine ve boyuna yerleştirilmiş ıslak lif şeritlerini birlikte sıkıştırma tekniği, günümüz kağıt yapımında selülozun sıkıştırılmasına benzer, ancak bu teknik başka açılardan çok farklıydı. A 2009-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Sos. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 41 38. The first known system of writing was not a re-expression of spoken language, but had a pictorial basis, creating two-dimensional analogues of three-dimensional things in the world. A) Temelinde resmin bulunduğu, bilinen ilk yazı sistemi, sözlü dilde söylenenleri yeniden ifade etmek yerine, etrafımızdaki üç boyutlu nesneleri iki boyutla ifade eden bir sistemdi. B) Temel olarak resimden türeyen bildiğimiz ilk yazı sistemi, sözlü dilin bir yansıması değil, iki boyutlu çizimlerin dünyadaki üç boyutlu şeyleri temsil ettiği bir yazı sistemiydi. C) Bilinen ilk yazı sistemi, konuşma dilini ifade etmekten çok, yeryüzündeki üç boyutlu şeyleri iki boyutla temsil etmeye dayanan ve resimlerden ibaret bir yazı sistemiydi. D) Bilinen ilk yazı sistemi, konuşulan dilin yeniden ifade edilişi değildi; dünyadaki üç boyutlu şeylerin iki boyutlu benzerlerini yaratarak, özünde resme dayanıyordu. E) İlk yazı sisteminin, konuşma dilinin yerine geçen bir sistem olmadığı, ancak yeryüzündeki üç boyutlu nesneleri iki boyutta resimle yaratarak ifade eden bir sistem olduğu bilinmektedir. 39. – 41. sorularda, verilen Türkçe cümleye anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi bulunuz. 39. Genel olarak, okur-yazarlık oranlarındaki artış düzeylerine rağmen, kadınlar hâlâ okuma yazma bilmeyen dünya nüfusunun yaklaşık üçte ikisini temsil etmektedirler. A) Despite the fact that the levels of literacy rates have increased in general, two-thirds of women still represent the illiterate population of the world. B) In spite of the increased levels of literacy around the world in general, women still account for twothiird of the world’s illiterate people. C) No matter what the general levels of increase in literacy rates are, it is still the women who represent almost two-thirds of the world’s illiterate population. D) However increased the levels of literacy rates may be, women, whose number still makes up nearly two-thirds of the world’s population, represent the illiterate portion. E) Despite levels of increase in literacy rates, generally, women still represent almost twothiird of the world’s illiterate population. 40. Bizim tek seçeneğimiz iyi eğitimli insanlarımızı, en üst düzey yeteneklerimizi ve bilgiyi yeni hizmet ve ürünlere dönüştürme becerimizi mümkün olan en iyi şekilde kullanmaktır. A) Our only option is to make the best possible use of our well-educated people, our top-class facilities, and our ability to turn knowledge into innovative services and products. B) The only option left appears to be to make the best possible use of our well-educated people, our top-class facilities, and our ability to turn knowledge into innovative services and products. C) The best option would be to let our well-educated people develop even further our top-class facilities and create even more innovative services and products. D) As our only option is to make the best possible use of our well-educated people and our topcllas facilities, we should concentrate on developing innovative services and products. E) Ideally, we should have opted to use our welleduccate people to make all our facilities topcllas ones and create still more innovative services and products. 41. İnternet bankacılığının güvenlik özelliklerinde gerçekleştirilen son zamanlardaki gelişmelerle, müşteriler evlerinden ya da ofislerinden İnternet aracılığı ile banka işlemlerini yapabilmektedirler. A) Security features of the advanced Internet banking services give customers an opportunity to bank through the Internet either at home or at the office. B) With recent improvements that have been made in the security features of Internet banking, customers can bank over the Internet from their homes or offices. C) It is due to the advanced security features of the Internet banking services that customers use the Internet to bank from their homes or offices. D) Internet banking services now have more advanced security features which help customers bank through the Internet at home or at the office. E) Owing to security improvements in Internet banking services, which have recently been made, customers enjoy home or office banking through the Internet. A 2009-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Sos. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 42 42. – 46. sorularda, boş bırakılan yere, parçadd anlam bütünlüğünü sağlamak için getirilebillece cümleyi bulunuz. 42. Technical changes may influence employment in several ways. They may bring about a permanent reduction of the number of workers in certain occupations and increases in others. ----. The first of these is illustrated in the changes that have occurred in the number of workers in agriculture. The result of the development of mass production tools, on the other hand, has been a reduction of the labour needs of the industries using these tools. A) They may also produce temporary or permanent displacement of workers B) They may also require sharp increases in clerical occupations C) Another result may be a higher degree of flexibility in the skills D) It is also possible for workers to depend upon a regular cash income E) There may be a decrease in the production of goods as well 43. Probably everyone who makes an anthology finds that at some stage it begins to take its own shape, and that the final form was not foreseen. ----. He has then to consider the favourites of the public. Moreover friends may direct him to pieces he has missed. A) Indeed, people often outgrow their favourite pieces B) No one has the same favourite poems C) His own favourites are his first choice D) Of course, some poems seem to be everybody’s favourites E) There are only a handful of poems I would call favourites 44. Here we are in this complicated world. We did not make it; but we find ourselves in it. We have to do our best to survive in it. ----. And we would like to improve those parts of it over which we have any control or influence. A) We also hope to enjoy being alive in it with our fellows B) This, of course, is just another philosophical view C) We need to understand the world better D) Perhaps that would be to act in a rather selfish way E) In the first place, a better understanding of ourselves is essential 45. The Renaissance, as both a period and a concept, continues to generate lively debate about its origins and influence on European culture and thought. ----. Any new evaluation of the historical significance of the Renaissance requires attention to these kinds of primary evidence. A) As the Renaissance slowly spread across Western Europe, each nation made its own distinctive contribution to the era B) Recent research has emphasized the need to look again at original texts, documents, and artefacts C) A glance at the history of the preceding centuries shows that after the dissolution of the Roman Empire, there was no possibility of any intellectual revival D) The great achievements of the Renaissance were the discovery of the world and the discovery of man E) The Italian Renaissance had placed human beings once more in the centre of life’s stage and infused thought and art with humanistic values A 2009-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Sos. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 43 46. If politics is defined broadly as competition for power over people and things, then it is clear that all societies have some sort of political system. ----. It may initially seem that some small-scale societies have no politicians or political organizations at all, but they are present though on a very small scale. A) Nevertheless, political roles are usually temporary and short term B) In the early 20th century, anthropologists developed several useful systems for classifying societies C) Large-scale societies have many different continuing political offices D) All societies impose some degree of control on their citizens E) However, there can be a vast difference in what political organizations look like and how they function in different kinds of societies 47. – 51. sorularda, karşılıklı konuşmanın boş bırakılan kısmını tamamlayabilecek ifadeyi bulunuz. 47. Susan : -Hi, John! How are things going with you and your family? John : -Not very well. I’ve just lost my job and now all the financial responsibility is on my wife. We have bills that are due and I feel terrible about it. Susan : -I’m sorry to hear that, but surely your son is old enough to work. John : -Actually, he has a good job, but he says he doesn’t get paid well and it is hard for him to help out. Susan : -----A) Your son will always remember how you helped save and redirect him during this difficult time. B) You should withdraw your financial support from him. C) Parents are sometimes fearful of the unknown and different. D) But all the family members should work together in hard times. E) So your expenses are piling up. Tell your wife to cut down on her expenditures. A 2009-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Sos. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 44 48. Patricia : -I’m a bit worried about going abroad to work. Matthew : -Why? Isn’t that something you have always wanted to do? Patricia : -----Matthew : -Don’t worry so much about that. You’ll get used to new customs and traditions in no time. A) In fact, I’m worried that I may not be able to stay in touch with my friends here. B) Not really, because it was my manager’s idea to send me. C) Yes, and I’m worried that I may not be able to live on so little money. D) No, because I have already read a lot about the customs and traditions of the people there. E) Actually it is. But I’m worried that it will be difficult for me to adapt to the culture there. 49. Sally : -Do you know much about Hogarth? Delia : -Not really. But I admire his pictures. They depict life in 18th-century London so vividly. Sally : -----Delia : -I certainly would. A) I’m asking because there’s an exhibition of his work at the Tate Gallery. Would you like to go? B) They say he’s satiric. Is it possible for a painter to be satiric? C) Apparently some of his pictures form groups and tell a story. D) Let’s go to see it together, shall we? E) Perhaps we could go to an exhibition of his work. A 2009-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Sos. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 45 50. Mary : -In our etymology class, the teacher explained that the English word lady derived from an Old English word, hlāfdige, which once meant “the woman who kneads dough.” She said that it later became “the chief female of the household,” and hence, the one least likely to deal with such chores. Mike : -Oh, really? I didn’t know that! What is “etymology” by the way? Mary : -It is the study of the origin and history of words in a language. John : -----Mary: -That’s exactly right. A) I’m surprised you don’t enjoy this class. B) Now I can understand how radically the social position of women has changed. C) So, words may undergo changes both in form and meaning through time. D) Bread is no longer made at home today, is it? E) This course wouldn’t suit me! 51. Mrs. Simpson : -Researchers point out that preschool education has long-term effects over a child’s cognitive development. Elizabeth : -----Mrs. Simpson : -That’s right. This way they can develop problem solving and comprehension skills. Elizabeth : -I can understand now why most primary school teachers find it easier to teach such children. A) So, you mean that a child learns to share his toys with other children. B) Then, quality preschool programs stimulate and nurture young minds. C) In other words, such a child can easily adapt to new social environments. D) That means preschool education teaches a child how to be obedient and how to keep silent at school. E) That’s why children after preschool education get better at outdoor games. A 2009-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Sos. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 46 52. – 56. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü bozan cümleyi bulunuz. 52. (I) Since the mid-1990s, China has seen unprecedented economic development and expansion. (II) Huge tracts of China are actually unsuitable for either agriculture or habitation. (III) The dramatic acceleration in the pace of social development has also been exceptional. (IV) But there has been a high price to pay for all of this. (V) In particular, the environment has suffered; it has become degraded and polluted. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V 53. (I) Painting portraits can be one of the most dependable and profitable ways for an artist to make a living. (II) Portrait artists, however, have to accept that their best works may never be seen by the general public. (III) Most artists find it helpful to get to know a person before embarking on a portrait of them. (IV) Instead, they will hang in private homes to be viewed only by family members and their friends. (V) Portraits of official people make up the one big exception. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V 54. (I) Calls on humanitarian aid have been on the increase for many years. (II) When there is a disaster, natural or otherwise, help is always required. (III) Help, however, is not always readily available. (IV) But it needs to be. (V) For a delay can mean the difference between life and death. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V 55. (I) Some philosophers argue that the only real world is the world of the mind and the physical world is an illusion. (II) The converse idea is that the mind is ultimately a function of the brain. (III) The brain has physical properties that are in a constant state of flux. (IV) A frequent criticism of the latter position is that it robs humanity of its lofty, idealistic spirit. (V) One basic problem the mind-body dualists have is trying to figure out how the mind is connected to the body and vice versa. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V 56. (I) For most of the world, “Slumdog Millionaire” is this year’s winning film. (II) But in India, where it was filmed, it is viewed in a very different light. (III) There it is being harshly criticized for the way it presents Mumbai’s urban poor. (IV) The director of the film was determined to catch some of the spirit of Mumbai in his film because he found it such an exhilarating place to live. (V) Moreover, the use of “dog” in the title is a further cause for offence. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V A 2009-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Sos. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 47 57. – 60. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız. Of the wealth of geographical and cartographical data remaining from the Eastern world and the Greeks, the Romans were interested only in those elements that best suited their essentially practical needs. They virtually abandoned the studies of cosmography and mathematical geography, preferring to devote maximum effort to land surveys carried out by specialized military corps of land surveyors. From their topographical surveys and on-the-spot reconnaissance of places and cities, they formulated their itineraria scripta, publications similar in many respects to our tourist guides, and their itineraria picta, a kind of road map on which they stressed only those topographical features of use to travellers. 57. From the information in the passage, we learn that ----. A) the scarcity of earlier information led the Romans to concentrate on all aspects of geography B) It was the Romans who first introduced cartography C) in pre-Roman times there was considerable interest in cartography D) the Romans were inspired by the topographical surveys of the Greeks E) the Romans ignored the cultural achievements of earlier times 58. According to the passage, the Romans ----. A) were great travellers and loved to explore unknown places B) greatly admired the work of mathematicians in the East C) produced extremely detailed maps of large parts of the country D) were only interested in the topography of the country from a military point of view E) were essentially practical people and not interested in theoretical concepts 59. It is clear from the passage that, in Roman times, ----. A) the findings of land surveyors were carefully recorded B) the only scholarly works were itineria scriptia and itineria picta C) people travelled as little as possible as it could be very dangerous to do so D) the way of life was essentially a very selfish one E) there was no sense of community or of shared aims 60. The main idea that we get from the passage is that ----. A) the detailed land surveys made in Roman times were largely for the benefit of the armies B) Greece and the East made far greater contributions to civilization than ever the Romans did C) though the Romans made little use of the achievements of Greece and the East, their own contributions to the world were great D) the actual investigation of places and cities is far more valuable than any amount of theoretical supposition E) the contribution of the Romans to the progress of history has been greatly under-rated A 2009-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Sos. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 48 61. – 64. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız. The greatest feat of civil engineering since Roman times was the French achievement between 1666 and 1681 of the Languedoc canal to link the Mediterranean Sea with the Atlantic Ocean. It was conceived of by King Francis I and discussed by him with Leonardo da Vinci. It was first surveyed in 1539. As a result of the civil and religious disorders in France, however, nothing happened until 1661 when Pierre Riquet worked out a scheme for supplying enough water to the summit of the canal. Jean Colbert secured the interest of the young King Louis XIV, and in 1666 the work started. The whole canal was 150 miles long with 102 locks, a tunnel, and 3 aqueducts. It evoked world admiration, and was the prototype of all future European grand canal designs even though its usefulness to France was quickly nullified by the rapidly increasing size of ocean-going ships. 61. It can be understood from the passage that ----. A) the construction of the canal was first started by Leonardo da Vinci B) the Languedoc canal was, for more than a century, no more than a project C) the earliest proposal for the Languedoc canal dates back to at least Roman times D) King Francis I was opposed to Leonardo da Vinci’s plans for the Languedoc canal E) by the time the canal was finished, there was nothing very remarkable about it 62. It is clear from the passage that ----. A) the upkeep of the canal would be expensive B) the Languedoc canal would not make those who build it rich C) as ocean-going ships increased in size, the usefulness of the Languedoc canal declined D) the site of the Languedoc canal was ill-chosen E) many supported the building of the canal as there was such a great need for it 63. According to the passage, once the Languedoc canal was finished ----. A) the scope of civil engineering was re-assessed B) better systems of construction were put forward C) problems connected with the locks began to emerge D) plans to build canals in other parts of the world were soon changed E) the whole world was filled with admiration for it 64. The passage makes it obvious that ----. A) Louis XlV himself contributed usefully to the design of the canal B) it would not have been possible to have constructed the Languedoc canal in the time of Leonardo da Vinci C) the building of the Languedoc canal posed a great many challenges D) the design of the Languedoc canal was not as original as has often been suggested E) it was the interest that Leonardo da Vinci showed in the project that made possible the construction of the Languedoc canal A 2009-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Sos. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 49 65. – 68. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız. Pottery was one of man’s first artefacts. It is the presence of pottery, rather than of the polished stone, that marks the passage from the Mesolithic to the Neolithic Ages, when agricultural peoples settled both in the Mediterranean area and in the Middle East. It is commonly believed that the earliest pottery receptacles copied those of other materials, such as gourds or baskets. From the fingerprints on them, it is possible to deduce that they were made principally by women. Originally, any decoration was indented; that is, patterns were pressed into the soft clay, and it remained so for a long period until new situations, at different times in different parts of the world, produced painted decoration. As a widespread form of culture, permanently bearing in its shapes and decoration the character of individual periods and peoples, the finding of pottery has been of supreme importance to the archaeologist. 65. One can understand from the passage that ----. A) pottery production gave rise to agricultural development in the Middle East B) pottery production achieved technical perfection in the Mesolithic age C) the pottery of the Mesolithic Age is indistinguishable from that of the Neolithic Age D) pottery can be used to trace development in early human civilizations E) the Neolithic Ages in the Mediterranean area are largely characterized by the use of polished stone 66. According to the passage, it was during the Neolithic Age that ----. A) agricultural peoples began to settle in the Middle East and along the Mediterranean B) coloured stones were frequently collected and polished C) people first recognized the need for containers and began to make baskets and use gourds to carry water D) painted decoration of pottery gave way to decoration by indentation E) pottery making spread from the Middle East to other parts of the world 67. It is made clear in the passage that early examples of pottery ----. A) were probably intended for holding water and other liquids B) were almost invariably made by men C) served no practical purpose at all D) were made in known shapes like those of baskets E) tell us nothing at all about the people who made them 68. As is pointed out in the passage, pottery is of great importance to archaeologists largely because ----. A) it has considerable artistic beauty B) the fingerprints of the makers are preserved in them C) it preserves the character of individual periods D) it is more durable than other artefacts E) it is the very first artefact ever to be made by man A 2009-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Sos. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 50 69. – 72. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız. Charlie Chaplin, who was born in Britain but spent most of his life in the United States, is one of the pivotal figures in film history. He is especially remembered for his work in the silent movies. Chaplin knew that a successful scene was not simply about the starring actor, but about everything else. The only way to achieve that unity was to get personally involved in every stage of the film; from starring in his films to producing, directing, editing them, and even to composing the music for them. It was not uncommon for him to decide half-way through a film that an actor wasn’t suitable for a certain role, and start over with someone new. This constant attention to detail ran many features overtiim and over-budget, but the public reaction assured him and the studios that what he was doing worked. Chaplin typically improvised his story in front of the camera with only a basic framework of a script. But on consideration, his art turned out to be firmly rooted, and could be seen, for example, to draw much of its strength from his successful fusion of English and American cultures and traditions. 69. As is pointed out in the passage the success of Chaplin’s films was largely due to ----. A) his own remarkable acting abilities B) the control he exercised on every aspect of a film C) the detailed scripts prepared for each film D) the professional skills of the studios that made them E) the fact that Chaplin liked to improvise new scenes in front of the cameras 70. The passage makes it quite clear that Charlie Chaplin ----. A) began his career as an actor but soon turned to directing films instead B) much preferred America and American culture to Britain and British culture C) is a major figure in the history of film-making D) was eager to please those he worked with E) appealed more to American audiences than to British ones 71. It is clear from the passage that the film studios ----. A) were taken in by Chaplin’s charm and let him have his own way all the time B) played a leading role in the making of Chaplin’s films C) liked to work with Chaplin because he never interfered with what they were doing D) had to work on a very tight budget E) were content to work with Chaplin as they felt success was guaranteed 72. The passage as a whole explains ----. A) why Charlie Chaplin was so successful in the film industry B) the background factors contributing to Charlie Chaplin’s success C) how Charlie Chaplin contributed to the development of the film industry D) the differences between the film industry then and now E) what goes into the making of a star A 2009-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Sos. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 51 73. – 76. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız. The most important influence on the style of English furniture was that of the Chippendale family. Chippendale furniture is the creation of Thomas Chippendale, a London-based cabinet-maker. His Gentleman and Cabinet-Maker’s Director, a folio of furniture designs, was published in 1754 and had a wide circulation. Chippendale himself never marked his creations, making it harder today for collectors to locate original pieces. One of the best ways to find original Chippendale furniture is to look for uneven joints and tool marks, as the furniture was made entirely by hand and does not have the perfect angles of a mass-produced product. Though an article of furniture made in Chippendale’s manner may bear his name, it is by no means an indication that it was actually made in his workshop. The 18th century was a time when artisans were beginning to exploit various styles, leading to widespread adoption of his name in revivals of his style, so much so that dealers spoke of “Chinese Chippendale”, “Gothic Chippendale”, and even “Irish Chippendale”. Many of these later designs that attach his name bear little relationship to his original concepts. 73. It is clear from the passage that all genuine Chippendale furniture ----. A) is catalogued in the Gentleman and Cabinet-Maker’s Director B) has a special Chippendale mark on it C) has been bought up by collectors D) was made by hand, and this is especially apparent in the joints E) has been reproduced by mass-production techniques 74. According to the passage, the Chippendale style of furniture was widely copied ----. A) but only the Irish Chippendale gained much popularity B) but many of the later designs that carry his name bear little resemblance to the original Chippendale C) especially by London-based cabinet makers D) but the copies can easily be distinguished from the original pieces E) but only by second-rate cabinet makers 75. It is pointed out in the passage that the Chippendale family ----. A) exerted an enormous influence on the style of English furniture B) worked as cabinet makers for very many generations C) influenced furniture and design for over a century D) was more interested in furniture design than in the making of it E) made a name for themselves with the publication of a folio of furniture designs 76. In this passage, ----. A) the role of the Chippendale family in shaping 18th-century taste is discussed B) the Chippendale style of furniture is described in detail C) we learn something about genuine Chippendale furniture and copies of it D) the change in furniture styles from the mid-18th century to the present day is outlined E) advantages of hand-made furniture over massprodduce furniture are discussed A 2009-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Sos. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 52 77. – 80. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız. Although most cities seem to form by accident, for thousands of years some of them have been designed. Whether for defence, beauty, or practicality, urban designers have imposed their ideas of what a city should be about. But ideas are subject to changing needs and fashions. Centuries ago, a moat or a castellated wall would have been essential. Now, greenery is in vogue. While existing cities look for ways of becoming more environmentally friendly, a number of new ones are planned that intend to be totally green. One of these is Masdar. Masdar’s advertising states that “one day, all cities will be built like this.” This is not the case. For one thing, Masdar is experimental and a work in progress. What emerges will not necessarily translate well elsewhere. Each green city is unique, and getting it to work depends on its location and economy. 77. One point emphasized in this passage by the writer is that ----. A) cities that look attractive are not always well designed B) each green city must be individually designed C) a primary consideration throughout the ages has been to design cities that can withstand attack D) an established city cannot easily or economically, be modernized E) all our cities must be turned into green cities 78. According to the passage, cities, until recently ----. A) have usually come into being quite naturally and of their own accord B) have only undergone carefully-designed change when large parts have been destroyed C) have boasted beautiful buildings, but poor infrastructure D) grew very slowly, if at all E) were built to house workers, and their comfort was scarcely taken into consideration 79. It is pointed out in the passage that fashion ----. A) and necessity have fought for the control of urban development B) has often had a role to play in urban development C) may have encouraged the building of beautiful cities, but not of practical ones D) will soon dictate that all cities will be built in the style of Masdar E) is always changing so the style of Masdar will inevitably give way to other styles 80. It is clear from the passage that the city of Masdar ----. A) follows a design suitable to all locations B) will be the prototype of all green cities C) will be constructed strictly in accordance with the design D) has been designed and is being built to be a green city E) will not turn out to be totally environmentally friendly TEST BİTTİ. CEVAPLARINIZI KONTROL EDİNİZ. ÜNİVERSİTELERARASI KURUL YABANCI DİL SINAVI (ÜDS) 22 MART 2009 İNGİLİZCE SOSYAL BİLİMLERİ TESTİ CEVAP ANAHTARI A KİTAPÇIĞI 1. B 2. D 3. C 4. A 5. C 6. E 7. A 8. B 9. C 10. A 11. D 12. E 13. D 14. C 15. B 16. C 17. A 18. B 19. E 20. C 21. D 22. E 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. C 27. D 28. E 29. D 30. A 31. B 32. D 33. A 34. C 35. E 36. C 37. E 38. D 39. E 40. A 41. B 42. A 43. C 44. A 45. B 46. E 47. D 48. E 49. A 50. C 51. B 52. B 53. C 54. A 55. E 56. D 57. C 58. E 59. A 60. C 61. B 62. C 63. E 64. C 65. D 66. A 67. D 68. C 69. B 70. C 71. E 72. A 73. D 74. B 75. A 76. C 77. B 78. A 79. B 80. D A İNGİLİZCE FEN BİLİMLERİ TESTİ 2009-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Fen Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 1 1. – 18. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerleer uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuuz 1. A team of scientists at the California Institute of Technology has developed a lensless microscope which is the size of a coin and can quickly and cheaply scan blood ----for tumour cells and parasites. A) features B) variations C) maladies D) samples E) assessments 2. For the past 40 years, the ----view about the formation of our universe has been that it began about 14 billion years ago in a cosmic fireball known as the “Big Bang.” A) complete B) common C) profound D) bearable E) vulnerable 3. For those obsessed with punctuality, new-generation clocks, which tune into the nearest official time transmitter to keep time ----, have been developed. A) sensibly B) accurately C) adequately D) irreversibly E) inevitably 4. Studies of the negative effects of plastic on the human body show that the plastic products we use every day ----with our hormone systems. A) restrict B) associate C) dismay D) unite E) interfere 5. A Japanese information technologies company has produced an amazing mirror that enables customers to ----clothes that shops don’t have in stock. A) hold onto B) put out C) try on D) count on E) draw out 6. The sun ----electromagnetic radiation that ranges from infrared to ultraviolet. A) throws into B) gives off C) breaks down D) brings up E) makes up for 7. It is hoped that the construction of the world’s tallest residential building, the Chicago Spire, which ----at the end of last year, ----by late 2010. A) was commenced /will have been completed B) commences /will complete C) has been commenced /would be completed D) has commenced /has been completed E) had commenced /is to be completed 8. Humanity ----an unusual period of food surplus since the Green Revolution ----in the mid-1960s. A) enjoyed /was beginning B) was enjoying /had begun C) has enjoyed /began D) has been enjoying /has begun E) is enjoying /would begin A 2009-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Fen Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 2 9. Scientists ----the common cold as ----by a family of over 200 viruses. A) were regarded /having been caused B) are regarded /having caused C) regard /being caused D) have regarded /to have caused E) regarded /to have been caused 10. If Australian conservationists ----an extensive preservation campaign back in the 1960s, the population of saltwater crocodiles of the north ----even less than the present number of 100. A) have not implemented /is B) would not implement /would have been C) weren’t implementing /will have been D) weren’t implemented /will be E) had not implemented /would be 11. Scientists are worried that the use of biofuels instead of fossil fuels ----little to reduce carbon emissions, although this ----a widespread assumption until quite recently. A) does /will be B) will do /was C) had done /has been D) will have done /had been E) would have done /would be 12. Today, spam mail constitutes more than 90 per cent ----all e-mail traffic all ----the world. A) with /through B) to /across C) at /around D) by /within E) of /over 13. Some types of microscopic organisms, called hyperthermophilic bacteria, can survive ----extremely high temperatures, sometimes even ----100°C. A) under /for B) on /with C) in /by D) at /above E) within /as 14. In less-developed parts of the world, there are few modern urban water networks, ----the people living in these areas do not have access to safe drinking water. A) so B) even if C) because D) while E) though A 2009-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Fen Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 3 15. Every year, more than 15,000 scuba dives are performed off the coral reefs of Cayman Islands, ----these sites can actually support only 5,000 dives per year without any damage to the reefs. A) since B) but C) if D) just as E) in case 16. What you say about the problem may be true in theory, ----in practice it does not contribute to the solution of the problem. A) when B) so that C) although D) for E) because 17. Thanks to a newly developed battery-charging device called “the Chargepod,” we will no longer have to use different chargers ----recharge different mobile gadgets, like cell phones and iPods. A) with reference to B) due to C) in order to D) with regard to E) according to 18. Scientists recently completed the largest-ever astronomical survey of the sky, during ----they retained images that are expected to help them understand the origins of galaxies. A) whose B) that C) when D) whom E) which 19. – 23. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada numaralaanmı yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz. Probably every literate person is familiar with the famous relativity equation: E=mc2. (19) ----by Albert Einstein in 1905, this equation has been used by many scientists. In fact, it is (20) ----formula in modern physics. (21) ----no new theory has as yet invalidated this fundamental equation, though physicists are (22) ----testing its validity by means of experiments. The latest one of (23) ----experiments was conducted last year at the Institut Laue-Langevin. 19. A) To be formulated B) To formulate C) Formulating D) Formulated E) Having formulated 20. A) more famous than B) the most famous C) most famous D) more famous E) famous 21. A) However B) Although C) Nevertheless D) Still E) Moreover 22. A) effortlessly B) continually C) recklessly D) fundamentally E) strongly 23. A) most B) any C) whose D) such E) as such A 2009-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Fen Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 4 24. – 35. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz. 24. Though wind power certainly has the advantage of being a clean source of energy, ----. A) it was increasingly used in many countries with relatively stable weather patterns B) it can hardly be a reliable one as weather conditions are so changeable C) many governments are investing in wind power projects in greater amounts D) wind turbines are not too costly to produce E) changes in weather can be predicted, which makes it possible to take timely precautions 25. If the global desertification process continues at its current rate, ----. A) the effects of the environmental changes of the past few decades have been dramatic B) more than 60,000 square kilometres of productive land is being lost every year C) the world will lose much of its arable land to barren desert D) 26% of the Earth’s land surface is classified as severely degraded E) reforestation programs are being initiated by governments in a number of countries 26. ----, yet there are also rare penguin species that inhabit warmer regions of the Earth. A) Most penguins are black on the back and white in front and seldom have any other colour B) Most penguins are flightless birds that live in the cold waters of the Southern Hemisphere C) Penguins live in crowded colonies with populations ranging from hundreds of thousands to several million D) In the 19th and 20th centuries, penguins were threatened by hunters and the penguin oil industry E) The features of the life cycle vary with the body size of the specific penguin species 27. Whereas life forms in the world’s cold and icy lands are scarce, ----. A) the ice sheet of Antarctica contains about 30 million cubic kilometres of ice B) Antarctica supports only a few species of coldadaapte land plants and animals C) marine life in the seas surrounding Antarctica is rich and diverse D) Antarctica is fifth in size among the world’s continents E) the geologic evolution of Antarctica has followed a course similar to those of the other southern continents 28. Home to more than 400 types of coral, over 1,500 fish species, and 200 types of birds, ----. A) they are known to constitute the fauna of the Great Barrier Reef of Australia B) climate change and environmental pollution pose a serious threat to the Great Barrier Reef C) the Australian government spends huge amounts of money on preserving the Great Barrier Reef D) oceanographers are still trying to map the currents in the Great Barrier Reef E) Australia’s Great Barrier Reef accommodates an astonishing diversity of life 29. ----, but now scientists know that some cells in the eye can detect light even when the eyes are closed. A) Until recently, little was known about why sleeping people feel alert in brightly-lit rooms B) Sleep has always been a mysterious state of mind for psychologists C) Hormonal imbalances are known to cause sleep disorders D) Light travels faster than sound in both the atmosphere and in water E) The eye is a complex structure enabling the organism to visually perceive its surroundings A 2009-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Fen Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 5 30. Swedish researchers have found that most white horses, which are actually born coloured, carry a mutation called “greying with age,” ----. A) despite the fact that their tendency to age more quickly is observable B) as if the greying of these animals were similar to the greying of human hair C) in case they are more prone to skin cancer than other horses D) and this makes them rapidly turn grey and then completely white within eight years E) so that the changes in colour do not always indicate poor health 31. ----, it is believed that the effect is intensified artificially by the emission of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere as a result of human activity. A) Although the greenhouse effect is a naturally occurring phenomenon B) Since the atmosphere includes different types of gases C) Despite the fact that human activity is one of the causes of global warming D) Even if the Earth’s climate changes due to the high rate of greenhouse gas emissions E) As the emission of carbon dioxide is partly related to the use of fossil fuels 32. Climate change commands the most attention as the major factor causing the disintegration of the Earth’s ice shelves, ----. A) since scientists are trying to find ways to control climate change B) still, the other causes of the breaking up of the ice should not be ignored C) for global warming is the major cause of a variety of environmental problems D) in case the ecological balance of the planet has been disturbed by it E) so climate change has been the result of a myriad of factors 33. For centuries, mapmakers noted that the Earth’s continents seemed to fit together like giant puzzle pieces, ----. A) and they were able to discover new continents B) because they are far from one another C) yet they explained in detail how continental movements occur D) as if they had once been joined together E) for they believed that continents could not move 34. A laptop on board the International Space Station was infected last month with a virus that was later discovered to have been harmless, ----. A) since cosmonauts did not know where the virus might have come from B) if it had been quarantined instantly by the security software C) unless they lose important data because of it D) however, it was understood that cosmonauts had updated it recently E) nevertheless, cosmonauts updated their virus protection systems immediately 35. Weather patterns are notoriously complex, ----. A) since there are currently over 150 weather modification projects B) in place of which a broad range of instruments is used while studying them C) which is why they are so hard to predict D) so that new methods of predicting sudden changes can be developed E) owing to the technological advances that have helped scientists to understand them A 2009-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Fen Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 6 36. – 38. sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümleye anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi bulunuz. 36. According to some experts, rebuilding efforts commenced in southwestern China following the May 12 earthquake could damage the pandas’ largest remaining natural habitat. A) Bazı uzmanlar, pandaların geriye kalan en genni doğal yaşam alanının 12 Mayıs’ta güneybatt Çin’de meydana gelen depremin ardından başlayan yeniden inşa çalışmalarının sonucundd zarar görmesinden endişe duymaktadır. B) Bazı uzmanlar, güneybatı Çin’de 12 Mayıs’ta meydana gelen depremin ardından başlatılan yeniden inşa çalışmalarının pandaların kalan en geniş doğal yaşam alanının zarar görmesinn sebep olabileceğini düşünmektedir. C) Güneybatı Çin’de 12 Mayıs depreminden bu yana sürdürülen yeniden inşa çalışmalarını gözlemleyen bazı uzmanlar, pandaların kalan en geniş doğal yaşam alanlarının bu yüzden zarar görmesinden endişe etmektedir. D) Güneybatı Çin’i 12 Mayıs’ta vuran depremin ardından başlatılan yeniden inşa çalışmaları bazz uzmanlara göre, pandaların kalan en geniş doğal yaşam alanlarını yok edebilirdi. E) Bazı uzmanlara göre, güneybatı Çin’de 12 MayŹı depreminin ardından başlatılan yeniden inşş çalışmaları pandaların geriye kalan en geniş doğal yaşam alanına zarar verebilir. 37. Human contamination of the atmosphere, which has been happening since mankind first began to use fire for heating and cooking, occurs in a variety of forms. A) İnsanoğlu ateşi ısınmak ve yemek pişirmek için kullanmaya başladığından beri atmosferin kirlenmesi farklı şekillerde devam etmektedir. B) İnsanoğlunun ateşi ısınmak ve yemek pişirmek için kullanmaya başlamasından bu yana süregeele bir durum olan atmosferin insan tarafındda kirletilmesi, farklı şekillerde gerçekleşir. C) Atmosferin kirlenmesi, insanoğlunun ateşi ısınmm ve yemek pişirme gibi farklı şekillerde kullanmaasıyl başlamıştır. D) İnsanoğlu, ateşi ısınma ve yemek pişirme amacı1yl kullanmaya başladığından beri atmosferi farklı şekillerde kirletmiştir. E) Atmosferin insan tarafından kirletilmesi, insanoğluunu ateşi ısınma ve yemek pişirme gibi farklı amaçlarla kullanmaya başlamasından bu yana çeşitli şekillerde süregelen bir durumdur. A 2009-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Fen Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 7 38. A significant outcome of air pollution is the high cost of pollution cleanup and prevention, an example of which is the global effort to control emissions of CO2, a gas produced from the combustion of fossil fuels such as coal or oil, or of other organic materials like wood. A) Hava kirliliğinin önemli bir sonucu olan kirlilik giderme ve önlemenin yüksek maliyetini düşürmek için küresel çapta yapılan en önemli girişim, kömür ve petrol gibi fosil yakıtların veya odun gibi diğer organik maddelerin yanması sonucu ortaya çıkan CO2 salımının kontrolünü sağlamaya yönelik çabadır. B) Kömür ve petrol gibi fosil yakıtların veya odun gibi diğer organik maddelerin yanması sonucu ortaya çıkan CO2 salımının kontrolüne yönelik küresel girişim, hava kirliliğinin önemli bir sonucu olan kirlilik giderme ve önlemenin yüksek maliyetini düşürmeye yöneliktir. C) Hava kirliliğinin önemli bir sonucu kirlilik giderme ve önlemenin yüksek maliyetidir ki bunun örneklerinden biri kömür ve petrol gibi fosil yakıtların veya odun gibi diğer organik maddelerin yanması sonucu ortaya çıkan CO2 salımının kontrolüne yönelik küresel girişimdir. D) CO2 salımı kömür ve petrol gibi fosil yakıtların veya odun gibi diğer organik maddelerin yanmaas sonucu ortaya çıkmakta, bunun kontrolüne yönelik küresel girişim ise hava kirliliğinin önemli bir sonucu olan kirlilik giderme ve önlemenin yüksek maliyetini düşürmeye yönelik olarak yapılmaktadır. E) Kirlilik giderme ve önlemenin yüksek maliyeti hava kirliliğinin en önemli sonucu olup, bunu düşürmeye yönelik en önemli küresel girişim kömür ve petrol gibi fosil yakıtların veya odun gibi diğer organik maddelerin yanması sonucu ortaya çıkan CO2 salımının kontrolünü sağlamaktır. 39. – 41. sorularda, verilen Türkçe cümleye anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi bulunuz. 39. Her ne kadar 43 000 yıllık Neandertal fosillerinden elde edilen DNA örneklerinin modern insanlarınki ile aynı mutasyonlara sahip olduğu bulunmuş olss da, bu atalarımızın konuşabildiği anlamına gelmemektedir. A) DNA samples from 43,000-year-old Neanderthal fossils are found to have had the same mutations as those of modern humans, but no one can claim that our ancestors could talk. B) No matter how similar DNA samples from 43,000-year-old Neanderthal fossils and modern humans are in terms of mutations, this does not mean that our ancestors could talk. C) Despite mutational similarities between DNA samples from 43,000-year-old Neanderthal fossils and those of modern humans, our forefathers cannot be said to have had the ability to talk. D) Although DNA samples from 43,000-year-old Neanderthal fossils are found to have had the same mutations as those of modern humans, this does not mean that our forefathers were able to talk. E) While DNA samples from 43,000-year-old Neanderthal fossils suggest that they had the same mutations as those of modern humans, this is not an indication of their ability to talk. A 2009-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Fen Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 8 40. İnsan vücudundaki en sert madde olan diş miness kayba uğradığında yenilenemez. A) Tooth enamel, which is the hardest substance in the human body, cannot be replaced if lost. B) If it is lost, tooth enamel cannot be replaced as it is the hardest substance in the human body. C) Tooth enamel, which cannot be replaced if lost, is the hardest substance in the human body. D) Tooth enamel is the hardest substance in the human body and it cannot be replaced if it is lost. E) In the human body, tooth enamel is the hardest substance and it cannot be replaced if it is lost. 41. Astronotlara daha rahat bir uçuş sağlamak için NASA’nın yeni nesil roketleri şok emicilere sahhi olacak. A) In NASA’s new-generation rockets, shock absorbers have ensured a more comfortable flight for the astronauts. B) NASA has used more shock absorbers in its new-generation rockets so as to provide astronauts with a comfortable flight. C) In order to ensure a more comfortable flight for the astronauts, NASA’s new-generation rockets will have shock absorbers. D) To ensure that astronauts have a comfortable flight, NASA will fit its new-generation rockets with shock absorbers. E) In NASA’s new-generation rockets, shock absorbers have been used with the purpose of providing astronauts with a more comfortable flight. 42. – 46. sorularda, boş bırakılan yere, parçadd anlam bütünlüğünü sağlamak için getirilebillece cümleyi bulunuz. 42. In physics, a force is a push or pull on an object. There are four fundamental forces, three of which are involved in keeping stable atoms in one piece and determining how unstable atoms will decay. ----. The electromagnetic force keeps electrons attached to their atom; the strong force holds the protons and the neutrons together in the nucleus; and the weak force governs how atoms decay when they have too many protons or neutrons. The fourth fundamental force, gravity, only becomes apparent with objects much larger than subatomic particles. A) These are the electromagnetic force, the strong force, and the weak force B) There is a fourth fundamental force, which scientists have not yet been able to identify C) Decay of unstable atoms is a phenomenon that has been discovered recently D) To describe in detail how atoms behave, scientists have developed the quantum theory E) Under certain conditions, unstable atoms are affected by other forces 43. The Internet is a computer-based global information system. ----. Each of these networks may link tens, hundreds, or even thousands of computers, enabling them to share information with one another. The Internet, in this sense, has made it possible for people all over the world to communicate with one another effectively and inexpensively. A) It does not have a centralized distribution system as do radio and television B) It is composed of many interconnected computer networks C) It has become increasingly common, especially over the past two decades D) Anyone who has access to the Internet can reach a vast source of information E) Many individuals use the Internet for communication and research A 2009-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Fen Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 9 44. Astronomy is the study of the universe and the celestial bodies, gas, and dust within it. Astronomy includes observations and theories about the solar system, the stars, the galaxies, and the general structure of space. People who study astronomy are called astronomers. ----. These methods usually involve ideas related to the laws of physics, so most astronomers are, at the same time, astrophysicists. A) A wide range of astronomical objects are accessible to astronomers B) Astronomy is the oldest science, dating back thousands of years C) Using a variety of equipment, they analyze the objects in the sky D) They use a wide variety of methods while performing their research E) The astronomers’ field of study is distinct from that of the astrophysicists 45. Geneticists seek to understand how the information encoded in genes is used and controlled by cells, and how the smallest differences in genes can disrupt an organism’s development. Increasingly, modern genetics involves genetic engineering, a technique used by scientists to manipulate genes. Genetic engineering has led to many advances in medicine and industry. ----. A) Nevertheless, there has been less misconduct than was once predicted B) For instance, there are controversies over the possible unethical use of this technique C) In fact, much of the controversy over the use of genetic engineering has nothing to do with recreating life D) As a result, there has been much unethical use of genetic engineering E) However, the potential for abuse of this technique has also provoked many ethical and legal controversies 46. Weather forecasting involves predicting how the present state of the atmosphere will change. Present weather conditions are obtained by ground observations, observations from sea and aircraft, Doppler radars, and satellites. ----. These charts, maps, and graphs are then sent electronically to forecast offices, where local and regional weather forecasts are made. In addition, these offices prepare weather advisories and warnings of severe weather. A) Electronically transmitted observations are generally used instead of charts, maps, and graphs B) Forecast offices send charts, maps, and graphs to satellites and other sources of information C) This information is sent to meteorological centres, where data are collected, analyzed, and made into charts, maps, and graphs D) Such equipment is controlled electronically by charts, maps, and graphs in forecast offices E) Weather advisories and warnings of severe weather help meteorologists to prepare charts, maps, and graphs A 2009-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Fen Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 10 47. – 51. sorularda, karşılıklı konuşmanın boş bırakılan kısmını tamamlayabilecek ifadeyi bulunuz. 47. Jerry : -Have you heard that South Korean scientists recently cloned a pit bull terrier for its American owner? Sarah : -Yes, and the owner paid $25,000 for five genetically identical copies. Jerry : -----Sarah : -Never, even if it were for free! A) Would you be willing to pay that much money for cloned copies of your pet? B) Have you ever seen a cloned animal? C) Would you consider having your cat cloned, if you had the chance? D) Have you ever thought about the ethical implications of cloning animals? E) Do you regard the cloning of animals for research purposes as acceptable? 48. Harry : -The government may soon be able to access everyone’s phone calls and e-mails. Sally : -----Harry : -Yes, and that is the main concern about it. But the purpose of the proposed regulation is to counteract terrorism. Sally : -Still, officials should make sure that civil liberties are not infringed. A) It could be an effective way of preventing terrorism. B) Wouldn’t that be a violation of privacy? C) Has the government approved of the proposed regulation? D) Are you concerned about its implications? E) Would you want your communications to be accessed by the government? 49. Peter : -Are you still using the old version of your Internet browser? Susan : -Yes, and I’m quite happy with it. Peter : -----Susan : -Oh, I didn’t know about that. I’ll take your advice, for I really don’t want to be hacked. A) Do you know the cost of updating your browser? B) I’ve been attacked by hackers myself! C) When was the last time you updated that browser? D) You should have had your computer upgraded a long time ago; then you wouldn’t have lost all your important data. E) You should use the new version, which was developed after a major security vulnerability was discovered in the old one. A 2009-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Fen Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 11 50. Brenda : -I want to buy a good telescope for my son. Do you have any suggestions? Shop Assistant : -You should check out this new amateur device. It is handheld, so there is no need for a tripod, it is easy to use, and it is quite inexpensive. Brenda : -----Shop Assistant : -Then you should be prepared to spend a little more. A) But he already has something amateurish. I want to get him something more sophisticated. B) The price tag on it confirms that. C) I want my son to decide which to get. D) I heard that not all expensive telescopes are necessarily good in performance and quality. E) I can’t afford to get a professional instrument, and this handheld one seems quite convenient. 51. Sharon : -I need a memory card that is compatible with my laptop. Shop Assistant : -----Sharon : -I think two gigabytes will be enough to store all my files. Shop Assistant : -Then I suggest this one. It has the memory volume you want, and it is quite user-friendly. A) Do you have enough money for a two-gigabyte card? B) What is the operating system on your laptop? C) How much memory capacity do you need? D) Where do you store your files? E) What do you think about this memory card? A 2009-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Fen Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 12 52. – 56. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü bozan cümleyi bulunuz. 52. (I) Volcanic eruptions in populated regions are a significant threat to people, property, and agriculture. (II) Most volcanoes have steep sides, but some can be gently sloping mountains or even flat tablelands, plateaus, or plains. (III) The volcanoes above sea level are the best known, but the vast majority of the world's volcanoes lie beneath the sea, formed along the global oceanic ridge systems. (IV) More than 1,500 above-sea volcanoes have been active during the past 10,000 years, 539 of them erupting one or more times in recorded history. (V) On average, 50 to 60 above-sea volcanoes worldwide are active in any given year; about half of these are continuations of eruptions from previous years, and the rest are new. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V 53. (I) We benefit from the results of mathematical research every day. (II) The fibre-optic network carrying our telephone conversations, for example, was designed with the help of mathematical research. (III) Our computers are the result of millions of hours of mathematical analysis. (IV) Mathematics is a basic component of the primary and secondary education curricula. (V) Weather prediction, the design of fuel-efficient automobiles and airplanes, traffic control, and medical imaging all depend upon mathematical analysis. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V 54. (I) Any given place may have several different ecosystems that vary in size and complexity. (II) Humans benefit from these smoothly-functioning ecosystems in many ways. (III) A tropical island, for example, may have a rain forest ecosystem that covers hundreds of square miles, a swamp ecosystem along the coast, and an underwater coral reef ecosystem. (IV) No matter how the size or complexity of an ecosystem is characterized, all ecosystems exhibit a constant exchange of matter and energy between the living and non-living elements. (V) This constant exchange between these elements makes ecosystems highly interconnected. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V 55. (I) Photosynthesis is a very complex process that plant biologists divide into two stages. (II) In the first stage, the light-dependent reaction, the chloroplast traps light energy and converts it into chemical energy. (III) In the second stage, called the lightindeppenden reaction, glucose is formed and synthesized. (IV) These two stages reflect the literal meaning of the term photosynthesis, to build with light. (V) Most plants, therefore, produce more glucose than they use during photosynthesis. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V 56. (I) There are two main categories of polluting materials, or pollutants. (II) Biodegradable pollutants are materials, such as sewage, that rapidly decompose by natural processes. (III) Pollution has a dramatic effect on natural resources. (IV) These pollutants become a problem when added to the environment faster than they can decompose. (V) Nondegradable pollutants are materials that either do not decompose or decompose slowly in the natural environment, and when these pollutants contaminate the environment, it is difficult or impossible to remove them. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V A 2009-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Fen Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 13 57. – 60. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız. Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the ability of a digital computer or computer-controlled robot to perform tasks commonly associated with intelligent beings. The term is frequently applied to the project of developing systems endowed with the intellectual processes characteristic of humans, such as the ability to reason, discover meaning, generalize, or learn from past experience. Since the development of the digital computer in the 1940s, it has been demonstrated that computers can be programmed to perform very complex tasks, such as discovering proofs for mathematical theorems or playing chess, with great proficiency. Still, although there are continuing advances in computer-processing speed and memory capacity, there are as yet no programs that can match human flexibility over wider domains or in tasks requiring much everyday knowledge. On the other hand, some extraordinary programs have attained performance levels beyond those of human experts and professionals engaged in certain specific tasks. AI, in this limited sense, is used efficiently and found in applications as diverse as medical diagnosis, computer search engines, and voice or handwriting recognition. 57. It can be understood from the passage that some programs equipped with AI ----. A) perform certain tasks much better than humans B) have very limited memory capacity C) successfully make use of much everyday knowledge D) have far more flexibility than is found in human beings E) are very limited in scope 58. According to the passage, AI ----. A) matches human flexibility over domains wider than ever before B) is a term used to refer to certain human-like features associated with intelligence in manmaad machines C) refers to tasks associated with such intelligent beings as humans D) is used to describe humans’ ability to reason, discover meaning, generalize, or learn from past experience E) has caused a decline in the overall performance of humans with difficult tasks 59. It can be inferred from the passage that ----. A) the flexibility and efficiency of AI has matched and even surpassed that of humans B) developing a system that has human-like features will obviously remain an impossibility C) humans are still better than computers in such tasks as proving mathematical theorems D) despite the continuing advances, computer technology cannot be used efficiently in fields such as voice or handwriting recognition E) although a lot has been achieved, AI is as yet in its infancy particularly when there is a need for everyday knowledge 60. According to the passage, some outstanding AI applications ----. A) are fully-developed in terms of processing speed and memory capacity B) are not as efficient as desired in a number of fields, including medical diagnosis C) are soon to be employed in the development of new and diverse systems that reach beyond human flexibility D) have surpassed the performance levels of human experts E) are still at the stage of safety testing before they can be used in such fields as medicine and computer sciences A 2009-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Fen Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 14 61. – 64. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız. According to a recent study by the University of Alberta, parasitic sea lice are killing a population of young wild pink salmon along Canada’s west coast in alarming numbers. The authors of the study say that the entire wild population may be gone within eight years. With their protective scales, adult salmon can safely harbour the lice, but young salmon do not yet have the protective scales, leaving them prone to deep, infection-prone wounds left by the lice. Juveniles live in coastal waters, which are normally far from parasite-carrying adults living farther out to sea. Now, however, aqua farms are often located in these same waters, destroying the young salmon’s safe haven. Scientists argue that fish farms must be relocated or reduced, but so far, no government regulations have been launched to this end. 61. According to the passage, adult pink salmon ----. A) live in harbours and coastal waters B) often carry parasites, but are not affected by them C) suffer greatly from infections caused by sea lice D) protect their young from parasites with their scales E) become more prone to infection as they grow bigger 62. The researchers at the University of Alberta believe that ----. A) pink salmon may not be able to find lice to feed on within eight years B) Canada’s west coast has not been protected well for eight years C) the wild pink salmon population could disappear within eight years D) the rate of increase of the pink salmon population is alarming E) it takes about eight years for the pink salmon to grow into adults 63. It can be understood from the passage that ----. A) parasitic life forms cannot survive in open sea B) the left side of the young pink salmon is more prone to infection C) adult pink salmon start to lose their scales after eight years D) wild pink salmon are used to cleanse the water of sea lice E) aqua farms are a threat to the young pink salmon 64. The young pink salmon ----. A) destroy the safe haven of other types of salmon B) are bred in aqua farms C) live closer to the coast than do the adults D) have recently been relocated for safety E) are a type of fish protected by law A 2009-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Fen Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 15 65. – 68. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız. Much has been said and written about the declining numbers of and disappointing lack of diversity among college students majoring in engineering. Among the factors cited to explain this paucity are the lack of exposure of high school students to the very idea of engineering and the fact that many have insufficient mathematics and science background to gain entrance to engineering school, even if they identify the profession as a possible career. This is unfortunate, for the ideas of engineering should be integrated into the curricula not only of high schools but also of middle and primary schools. By not being exposed properly throughout their education to engineering activities, children are being done a disservice. After all, even preschool children have the necessary conditions in their play for appreciating exactly what engineering is: design. Indeed, design is practised throughout their school day, even in their before-and after-school activities. It only should be pointed out to them that they are designing something, and, therefore, are future engineers in the making. 65. The writer believes that ----. A) it is unfair to children not to familiarize them with engineering B) not all children should participate in engineering activities C) it is inappropriate to include engineering in the curricula of middle and primary schools D) integrating engineering into the curricula is unfortunate E) involving children in engineering activities is a disservice to them 66. It is clear from the passage that ----. A) the idea of engineering seems disappointing to most college students B) most schoolchildren do not enjoy the learning activities provided at school C) the factors causing the decline in interest in engineering are insufficient D) children are not aware that they are actually designing things E) engineering students do not write much about how they feel about their field 67. The author explains the decrease in the number of engineering students in colleges by calling attention to ----. A) the diversity among college students majoring in engineering B) the insufficient mathematics and science backgrounds of many college candidates C) the importance of gaining entrance to engineering schools D) the enthusiasm for integrating ideas of engineering into the curricula E) the identification of engineering as a possible career for college-bound youth 68. It can be understood from the text that ----. A) most children are naturally drawn to activities related to design B) a school day is not long enough to get children to practice what they learn C) the ability to design is a rare skill among preschhoo and schoolchildren D) it is too early to include engineering activities in primary and middle schools E) only specially-talented children are exposed to actual engineering activities A 2009-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Fen Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 16 69. – 72. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız. The magnets that are used most commonly, such as the ones on compasses, those used for fridge decorations, and in many other everyday tools, are called permanent magnets. This type of magnet produces an external magnetic field that attracts or repels iron, and it may lose its strength when mistreated. Inside a magnet are groups of atoms called domains. The magnetizing process, which exposes a material to increasingly strong magnetic fields, aligns these domains in a single direction, where they become locked in a crystalline structure. High heat, radiation, strong electrical currents, or other nearby magnets, though, can damage that structure, nudging the domains out of alignment and diminishing the attractive force. Electromagnets, or non-permanent magnets, a less familiar type, have magnetic fields that rely on an electric current. They, thus, do not lose their strength; instead, the strength of the field can be varied as needed. This makes them appropriate for various applications, such as telephone receivers. 69. Non-permanent magnets are appropriate for a variety of applications ----. A) even if they rely on an electric current B) although they lose their strength when exposed to high heat or electric current C) because the strength of their magnetic fields can be varied D) excluding communication devices E) and, indeed, are far more versatile than are permanent magnets 70. It can be understood from the passage that permanent magnets ----. A) have magnetic fields that can be varied as needed B) are not suitable for use in our ordinary, everyday lives C) perform better when exposed to radiation or high temperatures D) form domains when they are found in groups E) may, in certain circumstances, become weakened 71. According to the passage, electromagnets ----. A) have magnetic fields that function in accord with an electric current B) are more commonly found than permanent magnets C) lose their strength when their domains are nudged out of alignment D) may damage the structure of such instruments as telephone receivers E) have domains that are usually out of alignment 72. It can be understood from the passage that domains in permanent magnets ----. A) become stronger in higher levels of heat or radiation B) cannot produce a magnetic field when they are locked in a crystalline structure C) align the magnetic fields in a single direction D) are what give these magnets their attractive force E) cannot be altered by outward circumstances A 2009-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Fen Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 17 73. – 76. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız. Glucose, nature’s most abundant sugar, may soon be petroleum’s fiercest rival. Chemists have long searched for cheap, renewable, and non-polluting alternatives to the 245 million tonnes of petroleumbaase plastics produced annually. For years, they have been able to convert sugars into the chemical hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), which can be used to make plastic. But the process, which used acid catalysts to break the sugars down, was costly and complicated by impurities and low yields. Researchers at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNLL) in Washington replaced the acid catalyst with a metal catalyst, chromium chloride, and used it to break down glucose, a sugar found in plant starches and cellulose. The result: HMF yields increased 10 to 70 percent over the old processes and impurities were eliminated. The next step to replacing petroleum is to find a low-impact renewable source for the glucose. Scientists hope to soon obtain glucose from cellulose rather than from plant starches. Cellulose is found in straw and sawdust, two waste products from the agricultural and wood industries that do not require precious farmland to be taken away from food crops. 73. It can be understood from the passage that cellulose ----. A) requires an extensive use of farmland B) is generally extracted from plant starches C) can be derived from any kind of agricultural waste product D) is not the first choice of the researchers at PNLL E) is a more environmentally friendly option than are plant starches 74. According to the passage, scientists have, for years, used acid catalysts to ----. A) get rid of impurities in plastics B) convert sugar into HMF C) increase yields D) extract cellulose from plants E) make plastics from petroleum 75. We can understand from the passage that the use of metal catalysts ----. A) caused a decline in yield, and an increase in cost B) is more expensive than using acid catalysts C) is a more efficient way of breaking down glucose than is the use of acid catalysts D) resulted in impurities in plastics E) involves the use of HMF 76. The passage mainly deals with ----. A) a new and efficient way of producing plastic from petroleum B) different types of catalysts used in the production of plastics C) the environmental advantages of using plastics made from glucose D) ways of increasing yield in the production of plastics E) a new alternative to petroleum in plastic production A 2009-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Fen Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 18 77. – 80. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız. Contrary to popular belief, underground fires are a surprisingly frequent phenomenon, the fuel being coal and the fire travelling along the seams, or the thin layers of rock or mineral. Such fires travel slowly due to the limited supply of oxygen, but can burn for a very long time: the underground fire at Burning Mountain Nature Reserve in Australia is thought to have been continuing for the past 5,500 years. The number of such subterranean fires worldwide is countless. According to one study, subterranean fires in China alone are consuming some 200 million tonnes of coal a year and pumping into the air as many pollutants as all the cars in the United States. Along with numerous human-related factors, such fires are also contributing substantially to global warming. 77. It can be understood from the passage that underground fires ----. A) are a direct result of human activities B) are a rare phenomenon that is observed solely in Australia and China C) play an important role in the process of global warming D) could contribute to efforts to prevent climate change resulting from global warming E) have not been witnessed for the past 5,500 years 78. According to the passage, one misconception about underground fires is that they ----. A) are not common B) don’t last for a very long time C) don’t have a limited supply of oxygen D) travel fast E) contradict the laws of nature 79. Underground fires in China ----. A) release about 200 tonnes of pollutants into the air every year B) cause as much air pollution as do all the vehicles in the United States C) have been burning for more than five millennia D) consume as much energy as do all the cars in the United States E) are most frequently the result of industrial activity 80. According to the passage, the limited supply of oxygen underground ----. A) travels along the thin layers of rock or mineral B) is a very frequent phenomenon in Australia and China C) prevents underground fires from burning for any length of time D) slows down the speed at which underground fires travel E) has been contributing to global warming for the past 5,500 years TEST BİTTİ. CEVAPLARINIZI KONTROL EDİNİZ. ÜNİVERSİTELERARASI KURUL YABANCI DİL SINAVI (ÜDS) 22 MART 2009 İNGİLİZCE FEN BİLİMLERİ TESTİ CEVAP ANAHTARI A KİTAPÇIĞI 1. D 2. B 3. B 4. E 5. C 6. B 7. A 8. C 9. C 10. E 11. B 12. E 13. D 14. A 15. B 16. C 17. C 18. E 19. D 20. B 21. E 22. B 23. D 24. B 25. C 26. B 27. C 28. E 29. A 30. D 31. A 32. B 33. D 34. E 35. C 36. E 37. B 38. C 39. D 40. A 41. C 42. A 43. B 44. D 45. E 46. C 47. C 48. B 49. E 50. A 51. C 52. A 53. D 54. B 55. E 56. C 57. A 58. B 59. E 60. D 61. B 62. C 63. E 64. C 65. A 66. D 67. B 68. A 69. C 70. E 71. A 72. D 73. E 74. B 75. C 76. E 77. C 78. A 79. B 80. D A İNGİLİZCE SAĞLIK BİLİMLERİ TESTİ 2009-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Sağ. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 19 1. – 18. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerleer uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuuz 1. The study of the genetic causes of mental disorders involves the statistical analysis of the frequency of a particular disorder’s ----among individuals who share related genes, such as siblings and twins. A) occurrence B) falsehood C) disturbance D) ignorance E) negligence 2. Most experts agree that developing a 100% safe method of contraception is as ----as producing a car design that is guaranteed to have no defects. A) autonomous B) useful C) loyal D) respective E) unlikely 3. If the Achilles tendon, which is the thickest and most powerful tendon in the body, is cut, the use of that leg for running or jumping is lost ----; it can no longer perform these actions. A) permanently B) fairly C) scarcely D) initially E) partially 4. Genetic techniques are used in medicine to ----and treat inherited human disorders; for example, knowledge of a family history of cancer may indicate a hereditary tendency to develop this affliction and help to find the right cure. A) communicate B) remedy C) diagnose D) contract E) induce 5. Artificial sweeteners permit people to ----their sugar and energy intake, yet still enjoy the delicious sweet tastes of their favourite foods and beverages. A) get over B) keep down C) lose out D) put into E) use up 6. Some studies have suggested that women who take more than a year to conceive, even those who ----having babies naturally have a greater than normal risk of giving birth prematurely or needing a caesarean section. A) give in B) make out C) put off D) end up E) keep off 7. During the past 40 years, research ----to support the hypothesis that physical activity ----with both cardiovascular health and improved psychological functioning. A) is accumulating /has been associated B) accumulates /will be associated C) accumulated /had been associated D) has been accumulating /would be associated E) has accumulated /is associated 8. On long space flights, astronauts’ bones ----, much as if they ----from osteoporosis, at a rate of 1-2% per month. A) thin /were suffering B) will thin /suffer C) are thinning /have suffered D) will have thinned /would have suffered E) have thinned /will suffer A 2009-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Sağ. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 20 9. When governments finally ----measures to control the spread of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) in March 2003, the infection ----more than 580 lives in 29 countries. A) had taken /has already cost B) had taken /were already costing C) were taking /are already costing D) took /had already cost E) were taken /already cost 10. If the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) ----all animal and animal product imports from high-risk areas in 2001, the US ----the same consequences of foot-and-mouth disease as the UK did that year. A) didn’t ban /would suffer B) had not banned /would have suffered C) weren’t banned /would have been suffered D) hadn’t been banned /suffered E) shouldn’t have banned /hadn’t suffered 11. Free radicals ----the by-products of certain metabolic functions like eating and breathing, and they ----to accelerate the aging process. A) are /are known B) are being /know C) were /knew D) have been /are knowing E) would be /had known 12. Scientists estimate that an individual bone has a one ----three per cent lifetime risk of fracture, based on data ----a variety of species. A) by /of B) for /on C) to /from D) from /over E) of /about 13. The great majority of osteoporotic hip fractures in the US occur in adults ----50 and result from minimal ----moderate trauma, usually a fall from standing height or less. A) of /between B) at /through C) towards /up to D) over /to E) by /out of 14. A survey of 1,449 Finns found that married people and people living with a partner were 50% less likely to develop dementia in later life, ----single or divorced people had three times the risk. A) instead B) otherwise C) even if D) since E) whereas A 2009-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Sağ. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 21 15. ----certain lifestyle changes can result in weight loss for some, many obese patients need more efficacious interventions for weight reduction. A) Because B) Although C) When D) If E) As long as 16. ----doctors advise their patients to eat well and exercise for their health, they should be telling them to sleep well. A) Even B) Because C) Just as D) Although E) As if 17. ----are moods more under the spotlight than in our most intimate relationships. A) No sooner B) Neither C) Not only D) Not once E) Nowhere 18. Chloroform is no longer used as an anaesthetic for several reasons, the most important of ----is the relatively high risk of complications, including possible heart failure. A) that B) whose C) what D) which E) it 19. – 23. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada numaralaanmı yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz. Hans Eysenck was one of the most controversial and prolific psychologists (19) ----the twentieth century. (20) ----in Germany, he went to live in Britain in the 1930s. At the time of his death in 1997, he was one of the most (21) ----researchers in psychology, with hundreds of references made to his work. Eysenck (22) ----the notion that there was a biological basis for personality. (23) ----his work on the biological basis has been frequently criticized, it has also been increasingly validated by research. 19. A) of B) to C) at D) on E) among 20. A) Bearing B) To have been born C) Having born D) Born E) To be born 21. A) cited B) enforced C) collected D) perceived E) explained 22. A) set upon B) kept up C) took on D) got through E) put forth 23. A) Even if B) Though C) Therefore D) As if E) In case A 2009-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Sağ. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 22 24. – 35. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz. 24. When two or more drugs are taken in the same time period, ----. A) some drugs must be used despite their having a very narrow margin of safety B) people should also consult their pharmacist C) they have been enormously beneficial in relieving suffering D) they may interact in ways that are either good or bad E) patients are advised not to take them 25. While everyone unconsciously uses defence mechanisms, ----. A) some people assume that they can deal with problems on their own B) treatments differ according to the type of personality disorder C) people with a dependent personality avoid undertaking responsibilities D) drug therapy is frequently complicated by misuse of the drugs or by suicide attempts E) people with personality disorders use them in inappropriate or immature ways 26. Once the pollen season starts, ----. A) in most people, allergic conjunctivitis is part of a larger allergy syndrome, such as seasonal rhinitis B) the different types of allergic reactions are generally categorized by what causes them C) antihistamines or decongestants are the usual initial treatment for seasonal allergic rhinitis D) people who have severe adverse effects from taking drugs should consider allergen immunotherapy E) the nose, the roof of the mouth, the back of the throat, and the eyes start to itch 27. As the foetus grows, ----. A) the enlarged uterus could be seen at about six weeks B) all of these changes are normal in pregnancy C) this difference is amplified during pregnancy D) more blood is sent to the mother’s uterus E) pregnancy would affect virtually all hormones in the body 28. ----, but such tests are rarely needed to make the diagnosis. A) The first symptom of salivary gland infection is pain when swallowing B) Doctors investigate the possibility of mumps C) Laboratory tests can identify the mumps virus and its antibodies D) Complications can involve organs other than the salivary glands E) Mumps can lead to viral inflammation of the brain 29. Although there are different types of cells, ----. A) nerve cells conduct electrical impulses B) skin cells divide and reproduce quickly C) white blood cells move freely, unattached to other cells D) cells in the lining of the lungs produce mucus E) most cells have the same components A 2009-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Sağ. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 23 30. Usually, acute pericarditis causes fever and chest pain, ----. A) so that, in most cases, it may be similar to that of a heart attack B) which typically extends to the left shoulder and sometimes down the left arm C) just as it tends to be made worse by lying down, coughing, or even deep breathing D) while it has many causes, ranging from viral infections to life-threatening cancer E) but it may result as a side effect of certain drugs, such as anticoagulants and penicillin 31. Disorders that affect joints and their components, such as muscles, bones, and tendons, are called “connective tissue diseases” ----. A) when a disease affects a specific tissue or organ B) since, in rheumatoid arthritis, chronic inflammation damages the joint’s cartilage C) in case the symptoms of one disease overlap with another D) because these structures contain large amounts of connective tissue E) although unusual antibodies can be detected and measured in the blood 32. The leukaemic tissues reproduce new cells so rapidly ----. A) whereas common effects in leukaemia are the development of infections, severe anaemia, and a tendency to bleeding B) even if the most important effect of leukaemia on the body is the excessive use of metabolic substrates by the growing cancerous cells C) that tremendous demands are made on the body fluids for foodstuffs, especially the amino acids and vitamins D) while leukaemia is usually characterized by greatly increased numbers of abnormal white blood cells in the circulating blood E) unless leukaemic cells are nonfunctional in providing the usual protection against infection associated with white blood cells 33. Normally, the volume of sweat is about 100 ml/day, ----. A) but in very hot weather or during heavy exercise, water loss in sweat occasionally increases to 1-2 litres/hour B) since urine volume can be as low as 0.5 litre/day in a dehydrated person C) because normally a small amount of water (100 ml/day) is lost in the faeces D) whereby water loss in the faeces can increase to several litres a day in people with severe diarrhoea E) so long as the maintenance of a relatively constant volume of the body fluids is essential for homeostasis 34. ----, the person is said to suffer circulatory shock. A) Just as the heart is severely damaged from any cause B) Even though any factor that interferes with venous return can also lead to decreased cardiac output C) If ever the cardiac output falls below that level which is required for adequate nutrition of the tissues D) So long as the cardiac output fell so low that the tissues throughout the body began to suffer nutritional deficiency E) While the cardiac outputs in healthy human beings are surprisingly constant 35. ----, the remaining cells of this type often generate new cells. A) As most human cells do not maintain large stores of carbohydrates B) Although cells are capable of performing their special functions C) Since the principal substance from which cells extract energy is oxygen D) When cells of a particular type are destroyed, due to one cause or another E) Because the most abundant substance in most cells is proteins A 2009-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Sağ. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 24 36. – 38. sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümleye anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi bulunuz. 36. Without treatment, postpartum depression can weaken critically important bonds between a mother and her child. A) Anne ve çocuk arasındaki kritik öneme sahip bağlar, depresyon tedavisine rağmen doğum sonrasında zayıflayabilmektedir. B) Tedavi edilmediği takdirde, doğum sonrası depressyon anne ve çocuğu arasındaki kritik öneme sahip bağları zayıflatabilir. C) Doğum sonrası depresyonu tedavi edilebilir bir durum olmakla birlikte anne ve çocuğu arasındaak kritik öneme sahip bağları zayıflatabilmekteddir D) Anne ve çocuğu arasındaki kritik öneme sahip bağlar tedavi edilebilen bir durum olan doğum sonrası depresyonunun bir sonucudur. E) Doğum sonrası depresyonunun bir sonucu olarra anne ve çocuğu arasındaki bağların zayıflamması aslında tedavi edilebilmektedir. 37. Each pair of spinal nerves includes one nerve at the front of the spinal cord, which carries information from the brain to the muscles, and one nerve at the back, which carries sensory information to the brain. A) Her bir spinal sinir çiftinde, biri omuriliğin ön tarafŦınd bulunup iletiyi beyinden kaslara taşıyan, diğeri omuriliğin arka tarafında bulunup duyusal uyarıları beyne taşıyan birer sinir bulunur. B) Spinal sinir çiftlerinde bulunan sinirlerden biri beyinnde kaslara bilgi iletimi yapan omuriliğin ön tarafında bulunurken, omuriliğin arka tarafında bulunan bir diğeri ise duyusal uyarıları beyne taşır. C) Spinal sinirlerin her bir çiftinde, omuriliğin iletiyi beyinden kaslara taşıyan ön tarafında bir sinir, duyusal uyarıları beyne taşıyan arka tarafında ise başka bir sinir vardır. D) Her bir spinal sinir çiftinde, sadece omuriliğin önüünd bulunup iletiyi beyinden kaslara taşıyan bir sinir değil, aynı zamanda omuriliğin arkasında bulunup duyusal uyarıları beyne taşıyan birer sinir bulunur. E) Uyarıları beyinden kaslara taşıyan ve omuriliğin ön kısmında yer alan bir sinirle, duyusal uyarıları beyne taşıyan ve omuriliğin arka kısmında bulunna sinir bir arada spinal sinir çiftini oluştururlar. 38. Angiography, which involves injecting a radiopaque substance into an artery, is the most invasive of all kidney imaging procedures and is reserved for special situations, such as when a doctor must evaluate the blood supply to the kidneys. A) Atardamar içine radyopak maddenin enjekte edilmessiyl gerçekleşen anjiyografi, böbrek görüntüleem yöntemlerinden en yaygın olanıdır ve doktooru böbreklere gelen kan miktarını görmek istemmes gibi özel durumlar dışında kullanılmaması gerekir. B) Bütün böbrek görüntüleme işlemlerinin en yaygın örneklerinden biri olan ve atardamara radyopak madde enjekte etmek anlamına gelen anjiyograffi doktor böbreklere ulaşan kan miktarını görmeyy istemedikçe kullanılmamalıdır. C) Radyopak bir maddenin atardamara enjekte edilmees demek olan anjiyografi, bütün böbrek görünttülem işlemlerinin içinde en geniş etkinliği bulunan, ancak doktor gerekli görüp, böbreklere gelen kan miktarını araştırmak istemedikçe kullanı1lmas tavsiye edilmeyen bir yöntemdir. D) Doktorun böbreklere gelen kan oranını görmesi gereken özel durumlar hariç, kullanılması pek öngörülmeyen anjiyografi, temelde atardamara radyopak madde enjekte etme esasına dayanır. E) Atardamara radyopak madde enjekte etmeyi içerre anjiyografi, tüm böbrek görüntüleme işlemleri içinde en yüksek yayılımı sağlayan yöntemdir ve doktorun böbreklere gelen kan miktarını değerlendiirmes gerektiği zamanlar gibi özel durumlardd kullanılır. A 2009-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Sağ. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 25 39. – 41. sorularda, verilen Türkçe cümleye anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi bulunuz. 39. Akciğerlerde, oksijen temini ile oksijen gereksinimm arasındaki normal ve hassas dengeyi bozan herhangi bir rahatsızlık, kişiyi nefessiz bırakabilir. A) A person with a lung disorder becomes short of breath when the normal and delicate balance between the supply of oxygen to the lungs and the amount of oxygen required cannot be maintained. B) A person will be out of breath if the normal and delicate balance between the amount of oxygen supplied and the amount required in the lungs is not adequately maintained. C) When the normal and delicate balance in the lungs between the oxygen supplied and the oxygen required is lost, this can cause a person to be out of breath. D) Any disorder in the lungs that upsets the normal and delicate balance between oxygen supply and oxygen requirement can make a person short of breath. E) When there is a disorder in the lungs, it upsets the normal and delicate balance between the supply of oxygen and the amount required, and this can make a person short of breath. 40. Profesyonel yardım almadan bir idrar kaçırma sorunu ile birlikte yaşamaya çalışan insanlar problemi doktorlarıyla konuşma konusunda ya sıkılmakta ya da yanlış bir inanışla, idrar kaçırmanŮı yaşlanma sürecinin normal bir parçası olduğuun düşünmektedirler. A) People who have incontinence problems mistakenly tend to believe that it is a normal part of aging and do not seek professional help, as they are embarrassed by it. B) Those who experience incontinence problems are generally too shy to talk to their doctors about them and think that this is the normal result of aging; therefore, they do not seek professional help and tend to live with the problem. C) Because they are too embarrassed to talk to their doctors about the problem they have, people tend to live with incontinence, believing that it is a normal part of aging. D) Because they believe that it is a normal part of aging, people who do not seek professional help feel embarrassed to talk to their doctors about the incontinence problem they suffer from. E) People who tend to live with an incontinence problem without seeking professional help are either too embarrassed to discuss the problem with their doctor or they mistakenly believe that incontinence is a normal part of aging. A 2009-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Sağ. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 26 41. Antidepresan kullanımındaki artışın bir nedeni, birçok doktorun normal üzüntüyü daha ciddi olan, hatta yaşam düzenini bozan klinik depresyyo durumundan ayırt etmemesidir. A) Because many doctors do not differentiate between normal sadness and the more serious and life-threatening condition of clinical depression, the use of antidepressants has rapidly increased. B) Many doctors have regarded normal sadness in much the same way as clinical depression, which is actually a life-threatening condition, and this has given rise to an increase in the use of antidepressants. C) One cause of the rise in antidepressant use is that many doctors do not differentiate between normal sadness and the more serious, even lifethreaatenin condition of clinical depression. D) The increase in the use of antidepressants can be explained by the fact that many doctors fail to distinguish between normal sadness and the more serious and life-threatening condition of clinical depression, and treat it as such. E) Most doctors tend to confuse normal sadness with the more serious and life-threatening condition of clinical depression, and this has caused a rise in antidepressant use. 42. – 46. sorularda, boş bırakılan yere, parçadd anlam bütünlüğünü sağlamak için getirilebillece cümleyi bulunuz. 42. People may be obese not because they eat too much, but because they spend too little energy. Some obese people are so extraordinarily inactive that even when they eat less than lean people, they still have an energy surplus. ----. Physical activity, then, is a necessary component of nutritional health. A) More than one-third of the overweight population report no physical activity during their leisure time B) Weight-loss advice does not apply equally to all overweight people, since some people may risk more in the process of losing weight than in remaining overweight C) Modest weight loss, even if a person is still overweight, can reduce the risks of heart disease by lowering blood pressure and blood cholesterol D) Reducing their food intake, however, would further threaten their health by causing nutrient deficiencies E) An estimated 30-40% of all US women are trying to lose weight at any given time, and spending up to $40 billion each year to do so A 2009-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Sağ. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 27 43. The discovery of three of the four basic blood groups was made by Karl Landsteiner at Vienna’s Institute of Pathology in 1901 and 1902. The fourth group, AB, was discovered by two of Landsteiner’s colleagues a few years later. The ability to match the blood types of donor and recipient would greatly reduce the incidence of fatalities from transfusion reactions. However, this breakthrough was largely ignored for more than a decade. ----. Therefore, a large number of patients continued to experience posttranssfusio fever, chills, kidney pain, bloody urine and death. A) R. Ottenberg, a pathologist and haematologist in New York, performed 125 successful transfusions without bad reactions by using compatibility testing B) Few physicians considered Landsteiner’s work of much importance or even seemed to be aware of it C) Of all the problems facing physicians, blood’s ability to coagulate or to clot was the greatest D) In essence, O. H. Robertson, a physician in the US Army, set up the world’s first system of blood banking E) In the 1880s, the European medical community lost its enthusiasm for blood transfusions after performing hundreds of unsuccessful trials 44. The development of effective anti-retrovirals has transformed AIDS into two diseases: one for the rich and quite a different one for the poor. ----. So, they can think of their illness as a chronic condition with which they may live for decades. The incidence of new cases has also dropped significantly. By contrast, in much of the developing world, HIV infection is still largely a near-term death sentence, and the far greater incidence is only just beginning to level off. A) In the developed world, people with HIV have access to health care B) Poor people with HIV generally rely on health aid packages from developed countries C) The disease still cannot be cured completely, but has been made less immediately lethal D) Scientists estimate that the number of HIVinfeecte people will soon have doubled E) People in poor countries are at a greater risk of catching the disease due to poor living conditions 45. Mothers around the world are getting older. In the UK, the mean age for having a first child is 27.3, compared with 23.7 in 1970. Mean age at first birth in the US has also increased, rising from 21.4 in 1970 to 24.9 in 2000. ----. Studies by the US National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute found that the risk of a child being obese increases by about 14% for every five extra years of the mother’s age. A) In the US, in 2004, the percentage of women in their 40s who had one child was 17.4 B) Researchers also found that first-born offspring have more fat than their younger siblings C) In 1964, the British woman gave birth to an average of 2.95 children D) According to recent studies, having an older mother seems to be an independent risk factor for obesity E) This combination of older mothers and more single children could be contributing to the obesity epidemic 46. Embarrassment seems likely to serve three basic functions. First, it serves as a pacification gesture to others by signalling that the violation was unintended and that it will not likely be repeated. Second, the intense dread of experiencing this emotion probably deters us from repeating whatever behaviours triggered the state. ----. Just as physical pain alerts us to threats to our physical well-being, embarrassment alerts us to threats to our social well-being. Third, embarrassment motivates us to undo the social damage and restore the esteem of others. A) Therefore, our social well-being relies greatly on how we fit into the society and how the society responds to us B) Naturally, we try to avoid socially unacceptable situations that might result in rejection C) Such a dread is the outcome of an unintentional violation of social rules and manners of conduct D) Repetition of such behaviours in various instances may be either deliberate or unintended E) In this sense, embarrassment can be regarded as a social counterpart to physical pain A 2009-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Sağ. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 28 47. – 51. sorularda, karşılıklı konuşmanın boş bırakılan kısmını tamamlayabilecek ifadeyi bulunnuz 47. Alice : -Why does tuberculosis have a higher incidence among the poor? Glenn : -----Alice : -Could you give an example? Glenn : -Well, the fact that many poor people don’t have access to adequate health care, and that they live in very crowded conditions. A) There’s only one reason that I know of. B) I don’t think it does, really. C) There are many reasons. D) I wish it didn’t, actually. E) No one really knows the answer to that. 48. Hank : -I’m travelling to South America next week. Linda : -Oh, then you should have a typhoid immunization. Hank : -Why? Everyone knows it isn’t 100% effective. Linda : -----A) You should drink only carbonated bottled drinks or water that has been boiled. B) Even so, it can offer you some protection against the disease. C) You know that even if you are immunized, you may still contract other gastro-intestinal disorders while you’re there. D) Are you travelling to any small villages? You will be at greater risk if you are. E) Foods that are cooked and served hot are less likely to cause an infection. 49. Vicki : -I’ve just eaten a large meal, and I’m already hungry again! Bryan : -----Vicki : -I had soup and bread, and a baked potato with vegetables. Bryan : -You’re hungry again because you ate mostly carbohydrates. Your body has already used the energy from your meal and is looking for more energy. A) Are you feeling angry about something? That always makes me feel hungry! B) How long ago did you have lunch? C) You’re eating far too quickly. D) What did you eat for lunch? E) What’s your favourite meal? 50. Carrie : -Here’s an article about a new drug-release implant that works with a battery. The drugs are coated with a substance that dissolves when exposed to an electric current, so when the device is switched on, the drug is released into the body. Diane : -----Carrie : -Well, the device could be controlled remotely by a doctor to protect the patient from overdosing or missing a dose of his or her medication. Diane : -Oh, I hadn’t thought of that. What a good idea! A) Why would a person need something like that? B) Have tests been performed with the device? C) How is the device implanted into the person’s body? D) Does the device or its battery have to be replaced periodically? E) I’ve heard that such devices can trigger autoimmmun responses in the body. Is that true? A 2009-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Sağ. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 29 51. Phil : -It seems that there are some new techniques in in-vitro fertilization for predicting which embryos are more likely to survive after implantation in the womb. Peggy : -Then that should increase the success rates for IVF. Phil : -----Peggy : -That’s a good thing, because carrying more than one foetus at the same time can be a health risk for the mother. A) Doctors are currently only able to analyze early embryos for possible genetic problems, not for overall health. B) One of the techniques measures the oxygendeplletio levels in the air directly above the developing egg or embryo. C) Yes, and it may also eliminate the need for multiple implants, which often result in multiple births. D) That’s right; the doctors performing one of the studies were able to predict viability at a rate of about 80%. E) Yes, because only around 30% of IVF cycles in the US currently result in pregnancy. 52. – 56. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü bozan cümleyi bulunuz. 52. (I) Ultrasound scanning during pregnancy is very common. (II) After all, pregnancy after age 35 is the most common risk factor for having a baby with Down syndrome. (III) It has no known complications for the woman or foetus. (IV) Whether all pregnant women should be scanned is controversial. (V) However, it is commonly admitted that such scanning isn’t routinely needed. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V 53. (I) Parasitic infections are common in rural Africa, Asia and South America. (II) However, they are rare in developed countries. (III) But people from developed countries who visit developing countries can very easily be infected by parasites. (IV) Those parasites that infect the intestine may stay there or may burrow through the intestinal wall and infect other organs. (V) So, unknowingly, they return home with the infection, which may not be readily diagnosed, because it is so uncommon. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V 54. (I) The eyeball is divided into two segments, each filled with fluid. (II) The front segment extends from the cornea to the lens. (III) The back segment extends from the back edges of the lens to the retina. (IV) Both the front and back segments are filled with the fluids that help the eyeball maintain its shape. (V) In fact, tears are rich in antibodies that help prevent infection. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V 55. (I) A person with mouth or throat cancer may receive radiation therapy and surgery or just radiation therapy. (II) Staying out of the sun reduces the risk of lip cancer. (III) Yet radiation therapy often destroys the salivary glands and leaves the person’s mouth dry, which can lead to cavities and other dental problems. (IV) In addition, because jawbones exposed to radiation don’t heal well, dental problems are treated before radiation is administered. (V) Further, any teeth likely to become problems are removed, and time is allowed for healing. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V 56. (I) A large proportion of the gallbladder’s store of bile salts is released into the small intestine. (II) Then, 90% of the bile salts are reabsorbed into the bloodstream through the wall of the lower small intestine. (III) Gallstones are more common in women and in certain specific groups of people. (IV) The liver then extracts the bile salts from the blood and resecretes them back into the bile. (V) The bile salts in the body go through this cycle about 10-12 times a day. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V A 2009-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Sağ. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 30 57. – 60. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız. What controls our breathing? We obviously have some conscious control over it because we can voluntarily hold our breath for a short while or breathe faster and deeper. Most of the time, however, automatic control centres in our brain regulate our breathing movements. Automatic control is essential, for it ensures coordination between the respiratory and circulatory systems and the body’s metabolic needs for gas exchange. Anatomically, our breathing control centres are located in parts of the brain called “the pons” and “the medulla.” Nerves from the medulla’s control centre signal the diaphragm and rib muscles to contract, making us inhale. These nerves send out signals that result in about 10-14 inhalations per minute when we are at rest. Between inhalations, the muscles relax, and we exhale. The control centre in the pons smooths out the basic rhythm of breathing set by the medulla. 57. It is clear from the passage that the pons and the medulla ----. A) are mainly responsible for the efficient performance of the circulatory system B) perform functions that are interrelated and complementary C) work together to ensure motor coordination D) hardly have any effect on our breathing rate and movements E) have no effect upon the circulatory system 58. According to the passage, when we hold our breath, ----. A) we show we have some conscious control over our breathing B) the automatic breathing control centres in the brain begin to work much faster C) the rate of gas exchange through the respiratory system increases rapidly D) the movements of the diaphragm and rib muscles get out of control E) the number of signals from the medulla to the respiratory system begins to increase 59. One understands from the passage that the automatic rather than conscious control of the breath ----. A) limits the body’s ability to meet its metabolic needs B) causes a sudden fall in the number of inhalations per minute C) disrupts the movements of rib muscles and undermines the rhythm of inhalation D) is very complicated due to the lack of coordination between the pons and the medulla E) is of vital importance for gas exchange to take place in the body 60. The passage explains in a relatively detailed way ----. A) how breathing is regulated by the automatic control centres in the brain B) the functions of the diaphragm and rib muscles C) the side effects that the conscious control of the breath causes D) why the pons and the medulla cannot have a coordinated function E) why our breathing movements vary from 10 to 14 inhalations per minute A 2009-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Sağ. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 31 61. – 64. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız. The vertebrae of the spinal column are separated by disks made of cartilage. Each disk has a strong outer layer and a softer inner part that acts as a shock absorber to cushion the vertebrae during movement. If the disk degenerates, for example following an injury or with aging, the inner part of the disk can bulge or rupture through the outer layer. The ruptured inner part of the disk can compress or irritate a nerve root and may even injure it. Most ruptured disks are in the lower back and usually affect only one leg. Such a rupture can cause pain not only in the lower back but also down the sciatic nerve, which runs from the spinal column to the buttocks, leg, and heel. Ruptured disks in the lower back can also cause leg weakness, and a person may especially have difficulty lifting the front part of the foot. A ruptured disk that is very large and centrally located in the spinal column can affect nerves that regulate bowel and bladder function, impairing the ability to defecate or urinate and making urgent medical attention necessary. 61. It is clear from the passage that a ruptured disk ----. A) is a serious problem commonly faced by most elderly people B) should be suspected when movement in both the legs becomes limited C) can easily be treated if it is diagnosed early enough D) can have various adverse effects, depending on its position and severity E) regularly has an adverse effect on the whole of the spinal column 62. As pointed out in the passage, the structure of a disk ----. A) is standard, so everyone is equally likely to develop a ruptured disk B) is so complicated that all injuries to it require urgent medical attention C) is so strong that it is rarely damaged except in extraordinary conditions D) can be extremely fragile, but regular exercise can help increase strength E) consists of two parts, and it is the inner part that enables the vertebrae to move comfortably 63. According to the passage, a disk rupture in the lower back ----. A) leads to unusual defecation or urination, especially among the aged B) can affect the sciatic nerve and cause pain down the length of it C) has a very damaging effect on both legs and can cause paralysis D) always causes a great deal of pain throughout the spinal column E) rarely has any serious adverse effects except on the movement of a person’s feet 64. It is clear that the passage ----. A) is solely concerned with the problems arising from the spinal column and emphasizes the need for urgent medical attention B) gives a full account of how the disks in the lower back function, and explains their inner structure C) describes not only the structure of a disk in the spinal column but also the harmful consequences of a ruptured disk D) deals in great detail with the question of how the degeneration of disks in the spinal column can be prevented E) is largely concerned with the functions of the sciatic nerve A 2009-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Sağ. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 32 65. – 68. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız. A low calcium intake during the growing years limits the bones’ ability to achieve an optimal mass and density. Most people achieve a peak bone mass by about age 30, and dense bones protect against agerellate bone loss and fracture. Starting before the age of 40, all adults lose bone as they grow older. When bone loss reaches the point at which bones fracture under common, everyday stresses, the condition is known as osteoporosis. Today, worldwide, this is one of the most prevalent diseases of aging. For instance, in the US, it afflicts more than 25 million people, mostly older women. Unlike many diseases that make themselves known through symptoms such as pain, shortness of breath, skin lesions, tiredness, and the like, osteoporosis is silent. The body sends no signals saying bone loss is occurring. Blood samples offer no clues because blood calcium remains normal regardless of bone content, and measures of bone density are rarely taken. However, there are various strategies to protect against bone loss, and eating calcium-rich foods is only one of them. 65. It is pointed out in the passage that the development of osteoporosis ----. A) cannot be detected right away, since it is a disease that gives out no symptoms B) is common among adults under the age of 40, because their intake of calcium is usually very low C) in the US, especially among the elderly, has been very alarming in recent years D) cannot be checked by the consumption of calcium-rich foods E) can be traced through blood samples 66. It is clear from the passage that, in order to increase the mass and density of bones, ----. A) after the age of 40, everyday stresses must be avoided, and foods that are rich in calcium should be favoured B) the increased consumption of calcium-rich foods should only be tried after other strategies have failed C) one must be aware of the fact that the level of the calcium intake after age 40 always needs to be doubled D) it is essential that one must have a high calcium intake during the growing years E) the elderly in particular should not rely on the consumption of calcium-rich foods 67. In the passage, osteoporosis is ----. A) referred to as a disease which results from the bones’ failure to achieve an optimal mass and density B) defined as the condition when bones become very fragile even under ordinary everyday stresses C) shown to be a disease which is far more prevalent in the US than the rest of the world D) discussed in detail with reference to its common symptoms as well as its prevalence among people under age 40 E) presented as a deadly disease which mostly afflicts elderly women throughout the world 68. It is implied in the passage that bone density ----. A) is one way of finding out about osteoporosis, but it is not often that people have their bone density measured B) reaches its peak by about age 30 and remains so until at least age 40 C) is best measured during the growing years, although most people are unaware of the importance of doing so D) can also be understood through the level of calcium in the blood, which is on the whole stable E) remains normal well into middle age, so young people never suffer from it A 2009-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Sağ. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 33 69. – 72. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız. Josh Villa was 26 and driving home with a friend when his car mounted the kerb and flipped over. Villa was thrown through the windscreen, suffered massive head injuries and fell into a coma. Almost a year later, there was still little sign of improvement. He would open his eyes, but he was not responsive to any external stimuli in his environment. He was then enrolled in a six-week study in which an electromagnetic coil was held over the front of his head to stimulate the underlying brain tissue. Such transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has been investigated as a way of treating migraine, stroke, Parkinson’s disease and depression, with some promising results, but this is the first time it has been used as a potential therapy for someone in a comaliik state. Certain improvements were observed; for instance, he began to say single words. The case has been described as “intriguing,” but it has also given rise to a lot of cautionary warning. 69. The case-study is about Josh Villa, who ----. A) made a startling recovery from a stroke after TMS treatment B) remained in a coma for nearly a year but recovered following TMS treatment C) experienced a comparatively minor car accident which resulted in a coma D) was receiving TMS treatment for chronic migraines E) a year after his car crash was still unable to respond to any external stimuli 70. We learn from the passage that TMS ----. A) is only used as a last resort B) has been used with promising results in the treatment of migraine and Parkinson’s disease C) has, until recently, been employed exclusively in the treatment of mental disorders D) is likely to produce unpleasant side-effects E) has not proved to be as effective a treatment as was once hoped 71. It is clear from the passage that TMS was used on this patient ----. A) with remarkable success B) because it was known to have brought people out of a coma-like state C) with a view to stimulating brain tissue D) without due consideration of the risks involved E) against the advice of a leading brain surgeon 72. According to the passage, the case-study in question ----. A) is interesting but not conclusive B) can be regarded as a real breakthrough C) has aroused no interest whatsoever in the medical world D) concludes that this particular patient could not respond to any treatment E) confirms the effectiveness of magnetic stimulation in the treatment of coma A 2009-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Sağ. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 34 73. – 76. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız. Muscles can obtain the carbohydrate they need, not only from glycogen stores but also from sugar taken during activity, which elevates blood glucose and enhances endurance. Normally, insulin stimulates all the tissues of the body to drain glucose from the blood and store it; however, this is exactly the opposite of what is needed for performance. During physical activity, the body’s release of the hormone epinephrine keeps insulin from rising in response to glucose entering the blood. Physical activity also enhances muscle sensitivity to insulin so that the muscles become the primary recipient of blood glucose. Consuming sugar is especially useful during exhausting endurance activities lasting more than an hour. Endurance athletes often run short of glucose by the end of competitive events, and they are wise to take light carbohydrate snacks or drinks periodically during activity. During the last stages of an endurance competition, when glycogen is running low, glucose consumed during the event can make its way slowly from the digestive tract to the muscles and increase the body’s supply of glucose enough to prevent exhaustion. 73. It is clear from the passage that, during prolonged physical activity, ----. A) light carbohydrate snacks and drinks are not advised as these would interfere with the passage of glucose to the muscles B) the body’s glycogen stores are so activated that there is no need for extra carbohydrate supplies C) insulin stimulates all the tissues of the body to drain glucose from the blood D) the consumption of sugar must be avoided so that the body’s supply of glucose can be maintained to prevent exhaustion E) blood glucose can be increased through the intake of sufficient carbohydrate and, thus, exhaustion can be avoided 74. One understands from the passage that the rise of insulin in the body ----. A) increases the level of glucose in the blood, which is controlled by epinephrine B) reaches its highest level when the glucose in the blood becomes adequate C) causes exhaustion, and therefore exhausting endurance activities must be avoided D) is related to the amount of glucose entering the blood E) not only reduces glycogen but also slows down physical activity 75. It is suggested in the passage that, during an exhausting endurance competition, athletes ----. A) often have to combat rising glycogen levels B) lose their muscle sensitivity to insulin C) need a regular supply of glucose D) should avoid consuming any carbohydrate-rich food and drink E) are adversely affected by the release of epinephrine 76. It is clear from the passage that, during endurance activities, the digestive tract ----. A) should remain empty B) plays an important role in the supply of glucose to the muscles C) is important for the removal of glucose from the blood D) receives the hormone epinephrine when it is released E) is relatively inactive A 2009-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Sağ. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 35 77. – 80. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız. Fitness is determined more by the intensity of exercise than the duration. Workouts should be energetic enough that the muscles are somewhat sore the next day but fully recovered the day after that. To strengthen the heart, exercise must be performed at an intensity that increases heart rate at least 20 beats above the resting heart rate. The harder a person exercises, the faster the heart beats and the stronger the heart muscle becomes. Heart rate is determined by how hard the skeletal muscles contract. When a person starts to exercise, the skeletal muscles contract and squeeze the veins near them, forcing blood towards the heart. When the skeletal muscles relax, these veins fill with blood. The alternating contraction and relaxation of the skeletal muscles serve as a second heart, pumping extra blood to the heart. The increased blood flow causes the heart to beat faster and more forcefully. So the harder the skeletal muscles contract, the faster the heart beats. 77. According to the passage, exercise to make the heart muscle stronger ----. A) should aim to increase the heart rate B) should avoid increasing muscle contraction C) will cause a reduction in the flow of blood to the heart D) will take into account the resting heart rate E) avoids hard workouts that make the muscles sore 78. As pointed out in the passage, it is ----. A) impossible to do too much exercise B) the relaxation of the skeletal muscles that affects the resting heart rate C) due to the fitness of the muscles that the blood flow into the heart remains steady D) the type, not the intensity of, a workout that leaves the muscles sore E) not so much the duration of exercise but its intensity that results in fitness 79. It is stated in the passage that the heart receives more blood ----. A) if the duration of exercise is kept short to prevent any muscular damage B) during exercise even though there is no increase at all in heart rate C) when the skeletal muscles alternately contract and relax D) because the veins near the skeletal muscles contract a great deal E) so long as the heart muscle is kept strong through exercise 80. It is made clear in the passage that exercise ----. A) involving hard workouts consequently undermines physical fitness B) should not increase the resting heart rate by more than 20 beats C) is very harmful to the veins and must therefore be avoided D) increases the contraction of the muscles and can thus be very harmful E) should not be so intense that it leaves muscles sore for more than a day TEST BİTTİ. CEVAPLARINIZI KONTROL EDİNİZ. ÜNİVERSİTELERARASI KURUL YABANCI DİL SINAVI (ÜDS) 22 MART 2009 İNGİLİZCE SAĞLIK BİLİMLERİ TESTİ CEVAP ANAHTARI A KİTAPÇIĞI 1. A 2. E 3. A 4. C 5. B 6. D 7. E 8. A 9. D 10. B 11. A 12. C 13. D 14. E 15. B 16. C 17. E 18. D 19. A 20. D 21. A 22. E 23. B 24. D 25. E 26. E 27. D 28. C 29. E 30. B 31. D 32. C 33. A 34. C 35. D 36. B 37. A 38. E 39. D 40. E 41. C 42. D 43. B 44. A 45. D 46. E 47. C 48. B 49. D 50. A 51. C 52. B 53. D 54. E 55. B 56. C 57. B 58. A 59. E 60. A 61. D 62. E 63. B 64. C 65. A 66. D 67. B 68. A 69. E 70. B 71. C 72. A 73. E 74. D 75. C 76. B 77. A 78. E 79. C 80. E A İNGİLİZCE SOSYAL BİLİMLER TESTİ 2009-ÜDS Sonbahar /İNG-Sos. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 36 1. – 18. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerleer uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuuz 1. Organized youth camps provide young people with not only different forms of outdoor ----but also training in co-operation, initiative, and resourcefulness. A) sustenance B) irresponsibility C) permanence D) relevance E) recreation 2. During the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, there was a common view that elegant speech was a mark of social prestige in that it was ----of having come from a good family. A) possessive B) perceptive C) indicative D) inclusive E) extensive 3. Since many people are unaware of the miseries of poverty and hunger, it is ----easy for them to feel contented. A) painfully B) barely C) violently D) offensively E) usually 4. The pattern of world affairs is very complicated, and by no means everything that happens can be ----to the influence of the super-powers. A) attributed B) entitled C) declared D) sustained E) resolved 5. Historically, the development of capitalism has ----several phases, following the period of feudal organization of society. A) taken after B) called in C) brought forward D) gone through E) turned down 6. Rice is by far China’s most important agricultural product and ----over half the total cereal production. A) lets in B) accounts for C) sets forth D) falls through E) looks after A 2009-ÜDS Sonbahar /İNG-Sos. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 37 7. Janet Malcolm, who is an admired photographer and ----pictures since the early 1960s, generally ----her summers photographing people and places in Africa. A) took /has been spending B) had been taking /will spend C) has been taking /spends D) takes /has spent E) had taken /would spend 8. Upon the completion next month of its renovation and expansion, the museum ----its exhibition space and added an auditorium ----for performances and lectures. A) will have doubled /to be used B) doubled /to have used C) has doubled /to have been used D) doubles /being used E) had doubled /to use 9. Without television cameras, the famine now ravaging Ethiopia ----the attention of the well-fed world that ----with offers of money and other forms of aid. A) won’t have caught /will respond B) did not catch /responded C) will not catch /had responded D) would not have caught /has responded E) is not catching /is responding 10. The finest achievement of Europe’s post-1945 leaders was their recognition that, unless Germany ----into the evolving Western system, insecurity ----across the continent. A) has been integrated /had reigned B) had been integrated /has reigned C) is integrated /reigned D) integrates /will reign E) was integrated /would reign 11. Our sense of self ----by the roles and qualities that our peers and teachers ----to us. A) was formed /have assigned B) is formed /assign C) is being formed /will be assigning D) had been formed /assigned E) will have been formed /would assign 12. The Houston Caribbean Festival brings a feast ----music and colour ----the streets of downtown Houston each year. A) on /by B) at /over C) of /to D) above /off E) to /within A 2009-ÜDS Sonbahar /İNG-Sos. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 38 13. Mount Kilimanjaro in Tanzania, the highest mountain ----Africa, rises 5,895 metres ----sea level. A) over /at B) across /into C) at /through D) below /to E) in /above 14. It is assumed ----an educational programme should emphasize the valid aspects of the cultural and historical past. A) whereby B) since C) as D) that E) in case 15. The most rewarding aspect of taking photographs is to be able to immortalize on your film people’s hearts, smiles, and soul ----you can always feel like you are a part of their world. A) while B) as though C) so that D) whereas E) whenever 16. Painters ----diverse ----Goya, Manet, and Picasso were inspired by Titian and other Renaissance painters. A) as /as B) both /and C) not only /but also D) so /that E) such /as 17. It is generally thought that animals love us ----who or what we are. A) so long as B) no matter C) provided that D) because of E) for the sake of 18. If there is one thing that is more astonishing than the ability of the adult human to talk, it is the process ----he learns to do it. A) whichever B) where C) that D) however E) by which A 2009-ÜDS Sonbahar /İNG-Sos. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 39 19. – 23. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada numaralaanmı yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz. Despite the American people’s growing (19)----to this policy, more than 100,000 US soldiers remain in Iraq, where they are (20)----involved in training Iraqi forces to replace them. However, it is understood that they stand ready to intervene directly should the security situation again (21)----. Politically, Iraq is still a troubled country, with major rows among political parties on the one hand and tribal leaders on the other (all of whom are solely interested (22)----expanding their own power base) being a regular occurrence. In Anbar province, for example, the arguments between the sheikhs and other influential figures (23)----are competing with one another for power and popularity often turn violent. 19. A) approval B) discrepancy C) opposition D) subversion E) failure 20. A) relatively B) hardly C) rarely D) mainly E) scarcely 21. A) increase B) commence C) extend D) emerge E) deteriorate 22. A) at B) about C) for D) in E) with 23. A) which B) who C) where D) when E) whom 24. – 35. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz. 24. As families become more fragmented and dispersed, ----. A) children tend to turn more to other people for affection B) ties between mother and father get stronger C) traditionally, singleness is seen as a mark of immaturity D) working conditions for young people have improved a great deal E) the increasing rate of crime in big cities has always been a serious concern 25. Because its habitat is threatened by climate change, ----. A) the elephants in Africa have dwindled considerably B) the survival chances of many species in the Amazon area are getting worse C) the polar bear has been the first to be granted protection under the Endangered Species Act D) the Asian tiger’s black-striped yellow fur is very attractive E) there is a very profitable market for elephant tusks A 2009-ÜDS Sonbahar /İNG-Sos. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 40 26. While children in their early years are learning about the world around them, ----. A) they have always been warned by their parents B) he makes use of his previous experiences C) it is obvious that child care ought to be a priority D) there are some diseases that have no effective treatment E) they often confuse the real with the imaginary 27. After Dali was expelled from art school in Madrid in 1926, ----. A) he had been much influenced by the earlier Spanish painters B) a number of paintings depict unusual landscapes C) especially mentally disturbed people had interested him enormously D) he joined a group of painters who called themselves “surrealists” E) today his paintings still amaze but also entertain many people 28. ----, although most French people believe that this tradition has a much more recent history. A) Even France’s everyday wines are widely appreciated worldwide B) Most of the great wines of France have long been produced in its southern regions C) The range, quality, and reputation of the fine wines of Bordeaux have made them worldfammou D) Each of the wine-producing regions in France has its own traditional identity E) Winemaking in France dates back to pre-Roman times 29. ----, until the Europeans began to settle there in the 18th century. A) Anthropologists believe that aboriginal people in Australia initially arrived from Asia B) In Australia, various aboriginal tribes had inhabited the region now known as South Wales C) Australia’s leading city, Sydney, has experienced alternating periods of growth and decline D) Australia has always been inhabited by the aboriginal people E) Sydney is a modern cosmopolitan city that has a distinctive cultural identity A 2009-ÜDS Sonbahar /İNG-Sos. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 41 30. Sceptics often claim that reports of unidentified flying objects (UFOs) are examples of shared delusions, ----. A) since many people have seen them in recent years B) despite the fact that we never believed it C) though that doesn’t discourage those who insist on having seen them D) now that what UFO enthusiasts say they have seen is taken seriously E) until a team of scientists examined some wreckage found in 1947 31. The traditional Middle Eastern diet, which relies heavily on lean meat, salads, vegetables, and fruit, is a healthy one, ----. A) even though it is often served in expensive restaurants B) just as one must pay close attention to one’s own health C) as long as you intend to share it with other people D) if one is careful enough to follow it in moderation and not to excess E) when more and more Europeans have travelled to the Gulf Area 32. ----, others are more resistant to change and become dysfunctional and fail. A) While most companies quickly adopt new information technologies and thus survive B) Because companies differ in their goals and the strategies designed to reach them C) That most senior managers do not realize how fragile the ongoing viability of a company can be D) Provided that the most flexible companies rapidly acquire new knowledge and apply it quickly E) Unless the best companies meet the challenges that typically arise in the business environment 33. Taiwan’s pink dolphins have been listed as “critically endangered”, ----. A) as soon as the extensive fieldwork on these creatures is started B) as if the work of scientists and conservationists marked a victory for them C) if their losses could be halted and reversed D) when the effort to identify them along the western coast started in 2004 E) since they face the threat of extinction A 2009-ÜDS Sonbahar /İNG-Sos. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 42 34. ----, all mammals are known today to have some form of emotion. A) Despite the fact that there are striking similarities between human beings and animals B) Although some scientists long maintained otherwise C) Because even birds delight us with their singing D) Even if studies suggest that animal behaviour is instinctive E) If they know how different species communicate 35. Lethal injection replaced execution by hanging, the gas chamber, and the electric chair, ----. A) so some researchers have challenged the efficacy of the drug protocols underlying the practice B) in which three poisonous chemicals are administered to the condemned C) thus making this method far from foolproof D) each of which had at some point been judged to be inhumane and excessively violent E) but many US states soon adopted it as their only form of capital punishment 36. – 38. sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümleye anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi bulunuz. 36. This new collection of cosmetics has been scientifically developed to help correct the visible signs of aging, such as fine lines and wrinkles, enlarged pores, and skin imperfections. A) Bu yeni kozmetik serisi, ince çizgiler ve kırışıklar, genişlemiş gözenekler ve cilt bozuklukları gibi gözle görülür yaşlanma belirtilerini düzeltmeye yardımcı olmak için bilimsel olarak geliştirilmiştir. B) Bu kozmetik serisi, ince çizgiler ve kırışıklar, genişllemi gözenekler ve cilt bozuklukları gibi gözle görülür yaşlanma belirtilerini düzeltmeye yardımcc olmak için yeni geliştirilmiştir. C) Bu yeni kozmetik serisi, ince çizgiler ve kırışıklar, genişlemiş gözenekler ve cilt bozuklukları dahil her türlü yaşlanma belirtisini yok etmeye yardımcc olmak için geliştirilmiştir. D) Bu yeni kozmetik serisi, ince çizgiler ve kırışıklar, genişlemiş gözenekler ve cilt bozuklukları gibi gözle görülür yaşlanma belirtilerini bilimsel yollarll düzeltmeye yardımcı olmak için geliştirilmiştir. E) Bu yeni kozmetik serisinin bilimsel yollarla geliştirilmeesini amacı, ince çizgiler ve kırışıklar, genişleemi gözenekler ve cilt bozuklukları gibi gözle görülür yaşlanma belirtilerini düzeltmeye yardımcc olmaktır. A 2009-ÜDS Sonbahar /İNG-Sos. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 43 37. Logic suggests that having options allows people to select precisely what makes them happiest, but as studies show, excessive choice often makes for misery. A) Mantıksal olarak, çok sayıda seçeneğe sahip olmma insanları en mutlu eden şeydir; oysa çalışmaala çok fazla seçeneğimiz olduğunda genellikll kararsız kaldığımızı göstermektedir. B) Mantık, insanların kendilerini tam olarak en mutlu eden şeyi seçmelerini önerir; oysa çalışmaların da gösterdiği gibi, çok sayıdaki seçeneğimiz arası1nd bizi mutsuz edebilecek şeyler de vardır. C) Mantık, seçeneklere sahip olmanın insanlara kendilerini tam anlamıyla en mutlu kılacak olanı seçme imkânı tanıdığını belirtir; ancak, çalışmalaarı da gösterdiği gibi, gereğinden fazla seçenek çoğu kez mutsuzluğa neden olmaktadır. D) İnsanların sunulan seçenekler arasından kendilerrin tam olarak en mutlu edecek olanı seçmeleri mantık açısından da önerilir; ancak yapılan çalışmallar göre, genellikle gereğinden fazla seçeneğğ sahip olmak insanlarda sıkıntıya yol açmaktadıır E) Çok sayıda seçenek genellikle kararsızlık yaratss da, mantık yine de kendilerini en mutlu edecce olanı seçebilmeleri için insanların farklı seçenekkler sahip olmaları gerektiğini belirtir. 38. China’s one-child policy, enforced by the authorities through heavy fines, came into force in 1979 after a period of explosive population growth in the country. A) Yetkililerce ağır para cezaları koyularak dayatılla Çin’in tek çocuk politikası, ülkede aşırı ölçüdd nüfus artışının yaşandığı bir dönemden sonra 1979’da yürürlüğe girmiştir. B) Çin’de yetkililerin uymayanlara ağır para cezaları öngördükleri tek çocuk uygulaması, ülkede patlaam denilebilecek bir nüfus artışının yaşandığı 1979 yılından sonra güç kazanmıştır. C) Çin’de yetkililerin 1979 yılında güç kullanarak ağır para cezaları karşılığında kabul ettirdikleri tek çocuk politikası, aşırı nüfus artışının yaşandıığ bir dönemden sonra uygulamaya girmiştir. D) Çin’in 1979 yılında yaşanan aşırı nüfus artışındda sonra uygulamaya koyduğu tek çocuk politikaası yetkililer tarafından ağır para cezaları sayesiind kabul ettirilmiştir. E) Ağır para cezaları konularak halka kabul ettirilen Çin’deki tek çocuk politikası, ülkenin yaşamış olduuğ aşırı nüfus artışı döneminden sonra yetkiliile tarafından 1979’da yürürlüğe konulmuştur. A 2009-ÜDS Sonbahar /İNG-Sos. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 44 39. – 41. sorularda, verilen Türkçe cümleye anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi bulunuz. 39. Dünyanın en eski ve en büyük çarşısı olan Kapalıçaarşı İstanbul’un fethinden hemen sonra Fatih Sultan Mehmet’in emriyle, Ayasofya’ya gelir sağlaama amacıyla inşa edilmiştir. A) The Grand Bazaar, which was built by Sultan Mehmed the Conqueror to provide income for St. Sophia right after the conquest of Istanbul, is one of the oldest and largest bazaars in the world. B) Being the oldest and the largest bazaar in the world, the Grand Bazaar was built soon after the conquest of Istanbul on Sultan Mehmed the Conqueror’s order to provide income for St. Sophia. C) Built upon Sultan Mehmed the Conqueror’s order to provide income for St. Sophia, the Grand Bazaar has been the oldest and the largest shopping area in the world since the conquest of Istanbul. D) The Grand Bazaar, which is the oldest and the largest bazaar in the world, was built after the conquest of Istanbul when Sultan Mehmed the Conqueror ordered that it should provide income for St. Sophia. E) It was soon after the conquest of Istanbul that Sultan Mehmed the Conqueror ordered that the Grand Bazaar, the oldest and the largest bazaar in the world, be built so that it could provide income for St. Sophia. 40. Medyadaki şiddet görüntülerini izlemenin daha sonra çocuklarda saldırgan davranışlara yol açtığıın kesin biçimde ortaya koyamasalar da, aradakk bağlantıyı araştıran çalışmalar şiddet izlenmesi ile sonradan ortaya çıkan saldırganlık arasında dikkate değer bir ilişki kurmaktadırlar. A) However significant the link between observation of violence and later aggression may be, correlational studies cannot claim that viewing media depictions of violence produces subsequent aggressive behaviours in children. B) No matter how clearly correlational studies establish a significant link between viewing media depictions of violence and subsequent aggressive behaviours in children, they still cannot demonstrate this unequivocally. C) Although correlational studies are unable to establish a significant link between observation of violence and later aggression, they can demonstrate unequivocally that viewing media depictions of violence produces subsequent aggressive behaviours in children. D) Despite their inability to demonstrate unequivocally that viewing media depictions of violence produces subsequent aggressive behaviours in children, correlational studies establish a significant link between observation of violence and later aggression. E) The fact that viewing media depictions of violence produces subsequent aggressive behaviours in children has been poorly supported by the correlational studies which have established a link between observation of violence and later aggression. A 2009-ÜDS Sonbahar /İNG-Sos. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 45 41. İlk kez rıhtım bölgesinde çalışan Güney Carolinalı zenciler tarafından yapılan Çarliston dansı, George White tarafından Birinci Dünya Savaşı’nın hemen sonrasındaki yıllarda tanıtılmŭı ve 1920’lerin bir özelliği olmuştur. A) Launched by George White during the early years following the First World War, the Charleston had originally been danced by negro dockworkers in South Carolina before it became characteristic of the 1920s. B) The Charleston, danced by black dockworkers, originated in South Carolina and became the characteristic of the 1920s once George White introduced it soon after the First World War. C) The characteristic dance of the 1920s, the Charleston, was first introduced by South Carolina negro dockworkers and became wellknnow only when George White taught it after the First World War. D) Although the Charleston was danced first by black people at the docks in South Carolina, it was not until George White introduced it that it became characteristic of the postwar era in the 1920s. E) The Charleston, first danced by the South Carolina negro population working in the dockland area, was launched by George White in the years immediately following the First World War, and it became characteristic of the 1920s. 42. – 46. sorularda, boş bırakılan yere, parçadd anlam bütünlüğünü sağlamak için getirilebillece cümleyi bulunuz. 42. The carpet is of eastern origin and in general can be said to differ from tapestry by the technique of its knotted weave. The refined technique and ornate geometrical patterns found on fragments discovered in eastern Turkestan, dating from the 5th and 6th centuries A.D., indicate a long evolution in the history of the carpet. ----The Abbasid caliphs of Baghdad were also wellknnow patrons of carpet manufacture: one made for Caliph Hashin early in the 8th century measured 100 yards by 50 yards. The most famous area of production was, however, northwestern Persia. A) The large carpets that decorate the mosque of Alaaddin date back to the 13th century. B) The earliest fragment of carpet still existing was found in Russia and is now in the Hermitage Museum in St. Petersburg. C) A change in the composition and decoration of carpets was made in Persia at the end of the 15th century. D) During the Sassanid dynasty in Persia (in the 6th and 7th centuries A.D.), carpets of wool and silk pile were already in great demand. E) The carpet industry in Egypt must have been of great importance at the end of the Middle Ages. A 2009-ÜDS Sonbahar /İNG-Sos. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 46 43. Castes are known in several societies, but the best known and most rigid example developed in India. It may have grown in the first two millennia B.C., chiefly with the object of preserving the pale-skinned Aryan invaders from admixture with the darker-skinned, indigenous Dravidians. ----However, an increasing subdivision of castes was firmly established by the 5th century B.C., with strict rules of social conduct. A) Since British society was divided by class, the British attempted to equate the Indian caste system to their own social class system. B) In Hindu religious terms, the four main castes were of divine origin, having been born from different parts of Brahma. C) Caste rules have been considerably relaxed, especially in the last 40 years or so. D) The caste system was carried over into Indian Islam by those who converted to this faith. E) Distinctions were not particularly rigid in the early stages, and intermarriage was known. 44. ----In the argument, additional claims are made in support of the claim we are trying to persuade people to accept. But these additional claims may be challenged as well. Recognizing this, authors frequently anticipate the need to supply further support for their arguments. A) Recognizing that people generally require reasons to accept a controversial claim, we set forth an argument. B) Distractions make it hard, even for reasonable people, to reliably differentiate between reasonable and unreasonable courses of action. C) We think of reason as the capacity to use disciplined intelligence to solve problems. D) The word “argument” is ambiguous, for one of its senses is the dispute between two people. E) There comes a point for most people where it is no longer possible to suspend judgment. A 2009-ÜDS Sonbahar /İNG-Sos. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 47 45. For advertisers, the most important classification of advertisements is by the type of consumer, and they spend huge amounts of money and effort in trying to divide up the public so that it can be more precisely targeted. This process entails endless discussions about whether the best divisions are those of lifestyle, socioeconnomi class, personality type, or of something else altogether. Then there is the fact that certain products are more often bought by men than by women, by the rich, by a certain age group, and so on. ----A) The advertiser must anticipate a prospective customer’s preferences and persuade him to buy the product in question. B) Advertising has become too widespread geographically and too multifaceted in terms of media for any study to be comprehensive. C) Nevertheless, the issue of defining an ad is closely linked to that of defining its categories. D) In other words, when an ad appears on a wall or even a shirt, it is not the substance of this environment that matters, but its social meaning. E) So a given advertising approach will have far more of an effect on one group than on another. 46. During the 1960s, although Tanzania had adopted Swahili as its national and official language, it was the medium of instruction only until high school, where it was replaced by English. ----Since then, Swahili has gradually been replacing English as the medium of instruction throughout all levels of the education system. A) British colonial education policies, like those of the Germans before them, were seen to be grounded in linguistic imperialism. B) Swahili also serves a symbolic function for the country, namely one of nationalism and unification. C) This situation lasted until an official change in policy was written into the country’s Third Five-Year Plan in 1976. D) However, the role of English was central to the shaping of Tanzanians’ cultural identities in colonial times. E) During the postcolonial 1950s and 1960s, many Third World societies concentrated on their socio-economic needs. 47. – 51. sorularda, karşılıklı konuşmanın boş bırakılan kısmını tamamlayabilecek ifadeyi bulunnuz 47. Mike: -Do you know that they are going to start rationing water? Cindy: -Yes. I happened to hear it on the news this morning. They said that the reservoir had dipped below half its capacity, and the volume of water entering the reservoir is the smallest in the last ten years. Mike: -It’s not surprising, actually, because we haven’t had as much rain as usual this year. Cindy: -Well, if it could rain even a drop, my flowers would certainly come back. The soil has been baked so hard. Mike: -----A) From now on, the best thing to do is to water your garden regularly every day. B) Forget it. It looks as if it’s going to get a lot worse before it gets better. C) You know, even before the rationing announcement, they suddenly turned off the water yesterday without a warning. D) I don’t blame you. Why don’t you hire a gardener to help you? E) Just remember, I told you to pay the water bills on time. A 2009-ÜDS Sonbahar /İNG-Sos. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 48 48. Steve: -How are things going with you and your roommate? Bob: -----Steve: -Then, why don’t you tell him that he should pay you for half of what you spend on food? Bob: -I would find that a bit hard to do, considering how he treats me to a good meal in a restaurant every weekend. A) He’s such a snob! He wasn’t like that before he got that new job. B) Actually, I dislike the food he prepares, so I generally eat out. C) We get along well, except for the times he practices playing the guitar and singing off-key. D) We’re supposed to share the grocery shopping, but he ends up eating everything I have put in the fridge without buying any of it himself. E) I’ve got sick and tired of his nagging me all the time. If he refuses to mend his ways, I’ll ask him to move out. 49. John: -Each time we switch to Daylight Savings Time, I always forget to put the clock forward an hour. Michael: -Me, too. I’ve always had problems with Springforrwar and Fall-back. John: -I think adjusting ourselves twice a year is harmful to our long-term health, too. Michael: -You know, with modern technology, we could slowly ease into Daylight Savings Time by digitally having clocks add a few seconds a day for three months in the spring and the reverse in the autumn. John: -----A) Then the change would be imperceptible, provided all clocks moved in the same manner. B) I really love that first evening after Daylight Savings Time has taken effect. C) It is indeed busywork, and it has caused me to miss important things a couple of times. D) My clock makes the changeover automatically, so I have no problem. E) What a great idea! But I don’t think it will do any good with the traffic situation, do you? A 2009-ÜDS Sonbahar /İNG-Sos. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 49 50. Ruth: -What do you think of global warming and humans’ alleged role in it? Larry: -Global warming is a problem that will largely have to be solved through energy conservation, but ----Ruth: -What do you really mean? Larry: -I mean it’s environmental hypocrisy! Ruth: -Hypocrisy? Larry: -Yes. These people preach clean energy, simple living, and use of mass transportation while doing none of these things themselves. A) people who care about children, born or unborn, should be aware of the lurking environmental dangers. B) industrial agriculture has lowered the nutritional value of staple vegetable crops far below what it used to be. C) these high-profile environmentalists who talk and talk and do little else are worse than useless. D) people must take scientific facts into account when making important life choices. E) there may be no solution to the coming nightmare of world overpopulation. 51. Joanne: -Hi, Tom! You look worried. What’s on your mind? Tom: -I really need that job I’ve interviewed for, but I just found out that there are many younger applicants. I guess my chances are pretty slim now. Joanne: -I wouldn’t say that! You are older but highly qualified and experienced. I am sure you will get it! Tom: -But I still think that any younger applicant has an advantage over me. Joanne: -----A) Those young guys may only be trying to get their foot in the door so they can move on to better positions later. Most employers know this. B) Anyway, face facts: you are eligible for retirement, and that field has moved on without you. C) You’re right! One of the most difficult things an older jobseeker has to deal with is the younger competition. D) Having retirement income, you should start out at an entry-level salary, which should be satisfying for you. E) Just use your common sense. Have you ever seen anyone over 40 doing that job? There’s a reason for that. A 2009-ÜDS Sonbahar /İNG-Sos. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 50 52. – 56. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü bozan cümleyi bulunuz. 52. (I) Today’s young people in their teens and 20s, who have been dubbed “digital natives”, have never known a world without computers, the Internet, and cell phones. (II) Many of these natives rarely enter a library, but instead use Google, Yahoo, and other online search engines for information they need. (III) The neural networks in the brains of these digital natives differ dramatically from those of adults. (IV) Investigators have reported that most of technology exposure, such as watching television and videos or listening to music, is passive. (V) Basic neural networks in most adults are said to have been laid down during a time when direct social action was the norm. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V 53. (I) Various studies have indicated that people exhibit many behaviours in about the same order, even though they have experienced very different environments. (II) We may speak of learning to read as a process and of reading abilities as the products or end results. (III) Learning as a process is of primary importance in deciding the level of the materials of instruction. (IV) What an individual can learn is determined not only by his level of physical and mental maturation but also by what skills, attitudes, interests, tastes, and knowledge he has already developed. (V) If the height of an individual’s enjoyment in reading is Donald Duck, for example, it would be a mistake to begin with Lady of the Lake to advance his literary taste. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V 54. (I) Scientists hoping to show that Chopin died from cystic fibrosis, and not tuberculosis as is widely believed, have been refused permission to prove their theory with tests on the composer’s heart. (II) When researchers at Warsaw’s Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology asked for access to the heart, which has been preserved in alcohol since his death in 1849, the Polish government said, “No”. (III) When Poland emerged from under Soviet domination, the people were expecting a new era of accessible government to begin. (IV) Their goal was to demonstrate that this hereditary disorder need not be a barrier to achieving greatness. (V) But much to their disappointment, Chopin remains unavailable for scientific research, at least for the time being. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V 55. (I) The practice of counting population is, in fact, a very old one. (II) An essential feature of a census is that the enumeration is direct and names each individual person. (III) The Roman census, which was designed primarily as the basis of the taxation system under which citizens were classified into six classes according to their property, also ascertained the number of men available to serve in the army. (IV) The census takers declared publicly the number of persons counted in Rome, and the proportion of orphans and widows. (V) In 5 B.C., the census was extended to the whole of the Roman Empire. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V 56. (I) After the arrival of road and rail links, the commercial importance of Amsterdam’s 75 km of canals declined, although barges still ply the waters of the Amstel River. (II) Canals do, however, play a crucial role in the city’s tourist industry, as well as providing Amsterdammers with transport routes and a place to live. (III) In 1994, the city council passed laws aimed at reducing pleasure-boat traffic and imposing stricter rules on houseboats. (IV) A rapid increase in population in the latter half of the century caused a demand for housing in the city. (V) In spite of this, the canals can get very clogged in summer, and there are still around 2,500 houseboats officially moored within the city’s boundaries. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V A 2009-ÜDS Sonbahar /İNG-Sos. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 51 57. – 60. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız. Scottish philosopher and historian David Hume emerged as an economist also with the publication of his Political Discourses. The famous Adam Smith was a friend of his and may have been influenced by Hume: they had similar principles, and both were very good at illustrating and supporting these from history. Although Hume did not formulate a complete system of economic theory, as did Smith in his Wealth of Nations, he introduced several of the new ideas around which the “classical economics” of the 18th century was built. His economic philosophy can be understood from his main arguments: that wealth consists not of money but of commodities; that the amount of money in circulation should be kept related to the amount of goods in the market; and that poor nations impoverish the rest because they do not produce enough to be able to take much part in trade. Beyond this, he urged society to welcome the shift from an agricultural to an industrial economy, without which civilization could not be achieved. 57. According to Hume, ----. A) rich nations should produce more to be able to feed their citizens B) rich nations should provide financial help to poorer nations C) poor nations have a negative effect on richer nations D) poverty can be overcome by increasing the production capacity of rich nations E) poor nations can take part in international trade only when rich nations are impoverished 58. According to the text, Adam Smith ----. A) was very much under the influence of Hume B) formulated a complete system of economic theory C) had ideas that conflicted with Hume’s D) was uncertain about Hume’s principles E) had a great effect on Hume 59. According to the text, Hume ----. A) was against the ideas on which the “classical economics” of the 18th century was based B) misunderstood the principles that his friend Adam Smith believed in C) was not the only one who excelled at illustrating and supporting his principles from the past D) argued that money in circulation had to be barely related to the amount of goods in the market E) stated that civilization required advances in both agricultural and industrial production 60. Hume’s belief was that poverty was mainly caused by ----. A) the amount of money in circulation B) the scarcity of produced goods C) the abuse of poor nations by rich ones D) the lack of a complete economic theory E) Adam Smith’s poor grasp of economics A 2009-ÜDS Sonbahar /İNG-Sos. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 52 61. – 64. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız. The people of Hong Kong have been experiencing an identity crisis ever since the British returned the colony to China in 1997 and it became a Special Administrative Region with special privileges (for 50 years). Although they are proud of their Chinese ethnicity, culturally they have always felt overwhelmingly Western and therefore much different from their cousins on the mainland. Now they have a new worry: a growing threat to Hong Kong’s economic success. The Chinese government recently announced its plan to turn the city of Shanghai into a global financial and shipping centre by 2020, a move that is seen as weakening Hong Kong’s traditional and profitable position as international gateway to mainland China. Even worse, China’s friendlier relationship with former enemy Taiwan is already reducing transit commerce through Hong Kong. After an economic contraction of almost 8% earlier this year, Hong Kong is feeling real pain, and the jobless rate could approach record levels. So the normally hands-off local government has sprung into action: it has announced two rounds of tax cuts and various handouts to the poor and to businesses. In addition, the city’s long-term planners have recommended that Hong Kong’s government focus on developing six fields – including education, environmental-related industries, and medical technology – in which Hong Kong already has an edge. 61. According to the passage, the Hong Kong government ----. A) has been investing heavily in medical-technology companies B) views the government of Taiwan as its enemy C) supports the plan to make Shanghai a global financial and shipping centre D) is planning to bring about a rise in the jobless rate in the city E) usually does not interfere in the local economy 62. We can infer from the passage that for many years ----. A) Hong Kong has made a lot of money from others’ trading with China B) Hong Kong has been suffering from severe economic contraction C) the Chinese government has pressured the people of Hong Kong to give up their Western ways D) China and Taiwan have enjoyed friendly relations E) the Hong Kong government has given out money to the poor people of the city 63. The passage points out that Hong Kongers’ identity crisis ----. A) arises from their having lived under British colonialism in the past B) is related to their communications with their families on the mainland C) is closely linked with their city’s economic downturn D) has been made worse with the emergence of Shanghai as a future competitor E) did not exist before 1997 64. We learn from the passage that Hong Kong’s long-term planners ----. A) hope to give the city a natural advantage in education, environmental-related industries, and medical technology B) identified six economic areas deserving of government support C) advised the government to carry out two rounds of tax cuts D) are concerned about how to meet the challenge represented by Taiwan E) are planning to boost the city’s economy by 2020 in order to be equal to Shanghai A 2009-ÜDS Sonbahar /İNG-Sos. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 53 65. – 68. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız. On July 1, 2009, the US state of California began enforcing a new menu-labelling law that requires chain restaurants to post on their menus the calories contained in their food items. Three other states – Oregon, Maine, and Massachusetts – have already passed similar regulations, as have 11 city and county governments. The trend has gathered strength quickly, mostly because of concern about the nation’s expanding waistlines. The next step is to deploy the practice nationally, and the Congress is about to debate such a law. Pressure for this type of move is coming from the obese, who represent more than a third of American adults, and their defenders. Overweight people often struggle to estimate the number of calories they consume when eating out and make mistakes when calculating how much food they should order. Proponents of menu labelling hope that knowing what is in their food may direct people to healthier items. In Los Angeles, for example, officials optimistically predict that menu labelling could prevent nearly 40% of the annual weight gain there. However, the effect of menu labelling on dietary choices remains unclear, and the regulations are too new to produce much evidence. Furthermore, some critics of the trend believe the public-health benefits of the new legislation are irrelevant. For them, the new regulations are welcome as part of a consumer’s wide-ranging right to know. 65. The passage indicates that the new menulabeellin law in California has the potential to ----. A) force chain restaurants there to offer less food to the public B) encourage the habit of overeating in the population at large C) persuade other states to consider passing similar laws affecting chain restaurants D) help people become more health-conscious E) reduce the population in that state by nearly half 66. We can infer from the passage that obese people in the US ----. A) want to control the number of calories they are ingesting in chain restaurants B) are under attack by other Americans C) eat most of their meals at chain restaurants D) have difficulty making mathematical calculations E) have their own special representatives in the US Congress 67. The passage informs us that menu-labelling laws ----. A) were passed in the other US states after California enforced its version of the law B) will all be cancelled when the US Congress passes a national requirement C) are a sign of the reaction to Americans’ getting fatter and fatter D) will result in the disappearance of obese Americans in the future E) forbid fat people to eat too much in chain restaurants 68. The passage points out that the proponents of menu labelling ----. A) don’t really know if it will be successful B) often have to defend the lifestyle choices of obese Americans C) are themselves regular customers of chain restaurants D) oppose the tendency of Los Angeles residents to gain weight every year E) believe much of the new law is irrelevant A 2009-ÜDS Sonbahar /İNG-Sos. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 54 69. – 72. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız. Although an extension of the worldwide ban on ivory exports to discourage the illegal killing of African elephants has been greeted enthusiastically in many places, the rhinoceroses (rhinos) of southern and eastern Africa are still paying with their lives for their horns, which remain prized by the Chinese for their medicinal and aphrodisiac qualities, and by the Yemenis for making dagger handles. According to a group, called Traffic, that monitors the wildlife trade throughout the world, this illegal business is on the rise. Last month, the group called for stronger international cooperation along smuggling routes and for more secure management of legal horn stocks. For its part, Zimbabwe, where there are a lot of illegal killings, has taken a very radical decision: it says it will start dehorning its rhinos. Today only five species of rhino survive in Africa and Asia. In the past, especially in the 19th and 20th centuries, they were slaughtered on a large scale by white hunters. By the 1960s, fewer than 70,000 black rhinos were left in Africa, and, over the next two decades, illegal hunters wiped out 96% of them. But since 1995, thanks to vigorous conservation efforts, the number of black rhinos has gone up again, to around 3,700. The number of white rhinos has nearly doubled over the same period, to over 14,500. 69. As one learns from the passage, black rhinos in Africa ----. A) are preferred by the Yemenis over white rhinos for making dagger handles B) are so much in demand for medical uses that the government of Zimbabwe is devoting more resources to conserving them C) were hunted almost to extinction in the past by Chinese doctors D) were almost completely exterminated during the 1970s and 1980s as a result of illegal hunting E) and white rhinos in Asia are the only surviving species of rhinoceros in the world 70. As is pointed out in the passage, there is ----. A) absolute indifference in the world towards Zimbabwe’s decision to dehorn its rhinos B) a full international consensus on the ending of the wildlife trade in Zimbabwe C) widespread illegal killing of wild animals in Zimbabwe D) now wide support for a new policy of limited legal killing of African elephants E) today an ongoing fall in the number of African rhinos, especially in Zimbabwe 71. It is clear from the passage that the international prohibition of ivory exports ----. A) has been strongly opposed by the government of Zimbabwe B) has been totally ignored by the governments of China and Yemen C) has been in force throughout Africa since the early 1960s D) has completely prevented the illegal hunting of elephants in Africa and Asia E) will be continued, and this has been widely welcomed 72. According to the passage, in view of the growth of the illegal wildlife trade, the group Traffic ----. A) is concentrating on shutting down the Chinese and Yemeni wildlife markets B) has put a great deal of pressure on African countries, especially Zimbabwe, to begin dehorning their rhino populations C) has increased its involvement in the campaign to save African elephants from extinction D) is urging the international community to step up its efforts to stop the smuggling E) aims to have governments legalize what is now the illegal business of wildlife trade A 2009-ÜDS Sonbahar /İNG-Sos. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 55 73. – 76. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız. Many governments these days feel that the path to happiness for society as a whole lies through spending on the welfare of its youngest members: their health, education, and general well-being. A recent report from a leading international organization, the OECD, examined these efforts among its 30 member countries in order to learn if the aim was being achieved. Specifically, the researchers investigated 21 variables that were then grouped into six main categories. The results surprisingly showed that while some kinds of spending on children do work, many should be improved or scrapped. Also, total government spending per child was seen to vary considerably, as did outcomes, but the correlation between these was not strong. Moreover, the differences in spending levels among countries were not directly linked to their relative levels of prosperity. For example, rich Sweden is, as expected, kind to its children, but poorish Hungary turns out to be generous, too. Up-and-coming South Korea might be expected to be a bit reluctant to part with so much money, but the stinginess of Switzerland is totally unexpected. Children’s lobbies always want more funds, but the OECD report suggests that more money does not reliably yield better results. America has one of the highest levels of spending per child, and among the worst outcomes. In contrast, Australia spends less, with better outcomes. 73. The passage points out that an OECD member country’s level of prosperity in relation to other members’ ----. A) will determine if its child-welfare programmes should be improved or scrapped B) is associated with the constant efforts of children’s lobbies to obtain more funds C) generally convinces it to be more generous in providing for its children D) depends on its geographic location E) was shown to have almost no connection to its amount of spending on child welfare 74. The passage makes it clear that typical expectations about a country’s spending on child welfare ----. A) often match the reality found by the researchers B) can easily turn out to be wrong C) are essentially the same for most of the OECD D) cannot be separated from its record in the six main categories E) do not take into consideration all the 21 variables studied by the researchers 75. According to the passage, the OECD carried out its investigation of child welfare in its members ----. A) to see if their stated goals were being reached B) because many governments believe that spending on child welfare leads to societal happiness C) in order to learn where government funds directed at child welfare were being wasted D) to prove that more spending on child welfare guarantees positive results E) despite the fact that a key correlation was weak 76. The passage mentions the case of Australia in order to demonstrate ----. A) a contrast with other members of the OECD B) the resistance of some OECD members to the pressures coming from children’s lobbies C) the similarities between it and America in terms of their child-welfare policies D) the wisdom of the Swiss government’s decisions affecting child welfare in Switzerland E) how spending relatively less on child welfare doesn’t necessarily produce harmful results A 2009-ÜDS Sonbahar /İNG-Sos. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 56 77. – 80. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız. He is young, dark, and handsome, with a beautiful light tenor voice, and he swept the Latin Grammy Awards in 2008. But should Juan Esteban Aristizabal, better known as Juanes, perform his songs at an upcoming “peace concert” in the Cuban capital, Havana? The debate over this Colombian rock star, who is based in the US city of Miami, has been raging on that city’s Spanish-language radio and television shows. Older Cuban-Americans, who left Cuba in the immediate aftermath of the 1959 revolution there, vehemently oppose the concert. They argue that it is just the latest attempt by the Cuban regime to manipulate public opinion. Traditionally, these older exiles have held all the political power in Miami. But younger ones are pushing back, especially when it comes to the arts. Beyond the overall Cuban-American community, the Juanes concert is seen as a potential great turning point in US-Cuban relations. A successful outcome could smooth the way for a further softening in American policy towards Cuba. Artists other than Juanes have attempted this kind of bridge-building with Cuba before; for example, left-leaning musicians like Bonnie Raitt and The Police appeared there in 1999, but they had an overtly political agenda. However, Juanes himself, who is widely admired for his humanitarian work in his native Colombia, denies having any thought of politics. “My only message is one of peace, of humanitarianism, and of tolerance,” he said recently. 77. The passage states that the relationship between the US and Cuban governments ----. A) depends on the approval of the older Cuban-American exiles B) has been affected by the debate over Juanes taking place in Miami’s Spanish-language media C) will change now that younger Cuban-Americans are disagreeing with the older generation D) may become friendlier if the Juanes concert in Havana goes well E) was greatly improved by the appearance in Havana of Bonnie Raitt and The Police 78. We learn from the passage that older Cuban-Americans oppose Juanes’s concert because ----. A) they believe the Cuban government is using him for propaganda purposes B) Miami’s Spanish-language radio and television programs have been severely criticizing it C) they are disturbed by the younger Cuban-Americans’ artistic choices D) they left Cuba soon after the 1959 revolution E) they never want to see a further softening in American policy towards Cuba 79. In the passage, it is clear that Juanes ----. A) wishes he were Cuban instead of Colombian B) claims to have no political purpose with his planned concert C) has a tense, hostile relationship with the Cuban-American community in Miami D) is more concerned with his own career than with helping people in need E) was invited to perform in Havana because of the Latin Grammy Awards he had won earlier 80. We can infer from the passage that the overall Cuban-American community ----. A) loves pro-Cuban musical artists like Bonnie Raitt and The Police B) believes that Juanes is lying about his reasons for performing in Havana C) is much more emotional about US-Cuban relations than the wider American public is D) does not speak or understand English very well E) has almost no interest in the arts TEST BİTTİ. CEVAPLARINIZI KONTROL EDİNİZ. ÜNİVERSİTELERARASI KURUL YABANCI DİL SINAVI (ÜDS) 4 EKİM 2009 İNGİLİZCE SOSYAL BİLİMLER TESTİ CEVAP ANAHTARI A KİTAPÇIĞI 1. E 2. C 3. E 4. A 5. D 6. B 7. C 8. A 9. D 10. E 11. B 12. C 13. E 14. D 15. C 16. A 17. B 18. E 19. C 20. D 21. E 22. D 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. E 27. D 28. E 29. B 30. C 31. D 32. A 33. E 34. B 35. D 36. A 37. C 38. A 39. B 40. D 41. E 42. D 43. E 44. A 45. E 46. C 47. B 48. D 49. A 50. C 51. A 52. D 53. A 54. C 55. B 56. D 57. C 58. B 59. C 60. B 61. E 62. A 63. E 64. B 65. D 66. A 67. C 68. A 69. D 70. C 71. E 72. D 73. E 74. B 75. A 76. E 77. D 78. A 79. B 80. C A İNGİLİZCE FEN BİLİMLERİ TESTİ 2009-ÜDS Sonbahar /İNG-Fen Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 1 1. – 18. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerleer uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuuz 1. The cells of all living organisms have the ----to harvest energy from the breakdown of organic fuel molecules. A) amount B) clarity C) performance D) reliance E) ability 2. Bacteria are truly remarkable in terms of their adaptations to extreme environments and their abilities to survive in parts of Earth that are ----to other forms of life. A) distasteful B) cordial C) inhospitable D) persuasive E) discreet 3. In December 1831, at the age of 22, Darwin began a round-the-world sea voyage that ----influenced his thinking. A) obscurely B) legitimately C) hopefully D) respectfully E) profoundly 4. All organisms have some capacity to adapt to environmental changes, but the extent of this adaptive capacity ----greatly. A) executes B) varies C) discards D) abolishes E) merges 5. The geological history of the Grand Canyon region ----to be a lot more complex than previously thought when scientists examined the area in more detail. A) put off B) gave up C) brought about D) turned out E) set out 6. Most space rockets plunge into the oceans or become space litter when they are ----completely. A) taken up B) fallen out C) given out D) made up E) used up 7. Scientists ----that by the year 2050, robot brains based on computers that have the ability to execute 100 trillion instructions per second ----rivalling human intelligence. A) are predicting /are starting B) have predicted /would start C) predicted /would have started D) predict /will start E) would predict /will have started A 2009-ÜDS Sonbahar /İNG-Fen Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 2 8. NASA ----experiments on the surface of the moon for eight years when they ----them down in 1977 for financial reasons. A) conducted /would have to shut B) has been conducting /have to shut C) had been conducting /had to shut D) was conducting /have had to shut E) would have conducted /would have had to shut 9. It is predicted that the world’s fossil fuel sources ----completely by the turn of the century unless strict policies to use them wisely ----at present, before it is too late. A) will have been exhausted /are implemented B) will be exhausted /would be implemented C) would be exhausted /would have been implemented D) would have been exhausted /were implemented E) were exhausted /were to be implemented 10. If microchips ----back in the late 1950s, computer technology ----as advanced as it is today. A) weren’t developed /isn’t B) hadn’t been developed /wouldn’t be C) wouldn’t have been developed /weren’t D) wouldn’t be developed /wouldn’t be E) weren’t being developed /won’t be 11. It is hoped that alternative forms of energy, such as wind energy and geothermal energy, ----more widely used in the near future, once technical problems ----completely resolved. A) become /had been B) are becoming /will be C) will become /are D) have become /were E) would have become /have been 12. Insects that live in colonies, such as ants, bees, wasps, and termites, have long fascinated everyone, ----naturalists ----artists. A) among /with B) about /between C) in /of D) between /above E) from /to 13. A gene giving humans a preference ----sweet foods was recently identified ----researchers. A) over /among B) on /with C) to /at D) for /by E) into /within A 2009-ÜDS Sonbahar /İNG-Fen Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 3 14. The existence of galaxies was not recognized until the early 20th century, ----since then galaxies have become one of the focal points of astronomical investigation. A) even B) because C) but D) if E) whether 15. A gemstone used in the making of jewellery must be durable, ----it cannot withstand the process of being handled or shaped. A) thus B) even if C) although D) or else E) while 16. ----it has a great potential for creating new organisms, experimental recombination of genes is viewed by some scientists as dangerous and unethical. A) As long as B) Unless C) Just as D) Before E) Because 17. ----does geology provide a better understanding of the Earth’s evolution and its present features, but it also serves society in a variety of practical ways. A) Either B) So C) Not only D) So long as E) Not once 18. Geometry, ----name is derived from Greek words meaning “earth measurement,” is one of the oldest branches of mathematics. A) as B) which C) that D) whose E) its 19. – 23. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada numaralaanmı yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz. Air pollution is one of the major challenges that most major cities face. The task of cleaning up air pollution, (19)----difficult, is not believed to be insurmountable. Use of fuels that are low in pollutants, such as low-sulphur forms of petroleum; more complete burning of fossil fuels, often in (20)----with a recycling of the pollutants; and the shift to less polluting forms of power generation, such as solar energy (21)----place of fossil fuels – all are methods that can be used for controlling pollution. Over the past few decades, the example of London as well as of some other cities (22)----that 10 years or less is enough to control this problem to a certain extent. In fact, this period is (23)----enough to achieve major improvements in air quality. 19. A) though B) as if C) unless D) whether E) in case 20. A) discrimination B) combination C) purification D) authorization E) utilization 21. A) over B) at C) for D) by E) in 22. A) had shown B) would have shown C) will have shown D) has shown E) was showing 23. A) nor B) either C) as well as D) neither E) also A 2009-ÜDS Sonbahar /İNG-Fen Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 4 24. – 35. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz. 24. Whereas ordinary solids have a definite size and shape, ----. A) most liquids do, too B) gases have none C) their volumes are definite, as well D) liquids don’t take the form of the container E) gases consist of a vast number of molecules 25. Although rain forests occupy a very small percentage of the land surface on Earth, ----. A) it is true that, in addition to high rainfall and humidity, mild winters are good for them B) most governments have introduced severe measures to stop and eliminate environmental pollution C) they contain a very large variety of plant and animal species that are mostly rare D) many species living in those areas are faced with the threat of extinction E) the Brazilian government has long-term plans to open up the Amazon basin for mining 26. ----, but a significant part of this land is unsuitable for either agriculture or habitation. A) China’s first nature reserve was established in the 1950s B) China is located in Far East Asia C) The population of China has been increasing dramatically D) One of China’s major problems is environmental pollution E) China covers a vast area in Asia 27. Experts fear that, unless significantly higher yields are achieved with genetically modified (GM) crops, ----. A) genetic engineers are determined to continue to work on crops that can grow in a shorter period of time B) these trends led to economic development and a significant reduction in global hunger and poverty C) certain circles are concerned about the possible negative effects of GM crops on human health D) massive environmental degradation will be the inevitable result of trying to feed the world’s increasing population E) the impacts of climate change on agriculture will not be fully understood in the years ahead 28. ----, which, in turn, makes animal husbandry more profitable than it used to be in the past. A) People with rising incomes consume more meat and livestock products B) The world’s poor have been getting poorer and less able to produce food C) Much of the world’s starving population lives in the sub-Saharan region, where farming is poor D) Debate continues over whether climate change will further reduce the world’s ability to feed itself E) Most countries in Africa need to invest more in their agriculture sectors 29. Physicists have established that, before the universe existed in its present form, ----. A) the Milky Way is one of billions of galaxies in the universe B) astronomy attracted many high school students to study it in depth C) all of its matter was concentrated in one mass D) they knew what to look for E) their existence would not have been questionable A 2009-ÜDS Sonbahar /İNG-Fen Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 5 30. Experts differ greatly in their estimates of the number of plant and animal species, ----. A) since the exact number of these species has only recently been identified B) but they all agree that the distribution of these species is highly uneven C) in case many of the currently endangered species go extinct in the near future D) unless they focus their attention on those species that have increased in number E) despite the fact that the populations of certain species have soared dramatically 31. Atoms have several properties ----. A) in case they have different numbers of protons and electrons B) in which they are the smallest particles of all matter C) that help distinguish one type of atom from another D) because physicists have split the atom into many subatomic particles E) while the electrons in an atom are very much smaller than the protons and neutrons 32. Quantum theory specifies new rules for describing the universe, ----. A) although efforts to explore it are continuing B) as it is considered an ancient science C) unless the universe cannot be described with the help of its principles D) just as it has introduced new ways of thinking about matter and energy E) for it has not been proven or validated scientifically 33. Climatologists are not certain about the number of hurricanes that occurred worldwide before 1970, ----. A) although the historical data are too inconsistent to allow firm conclusions B) given that sea-surface temperatures are a key driver of hurricane formation C) since an unprecedented four hurricanes hit Florida in the summer of 2004 D) which global warming has led to more intense storms E) when satellite observations became routine 34. Some of the world’s natural resources, such as natural vegetation and solar energy, are renewable, ----. A) which cannot be renewed easily at a low cost B) while others like fossil fuels are non-renewable C) since they are not reliable sources of energy D) if conserving them is not possible E) some of which are non-renewable 35. New bioplastics are a lot less hazardous to our planet and our natural resources, ----. A) even though their reserves are gradually shrinking due to increasing use by industries B) as plastics cannot be degraded biologically like organic materials C) since they require less oil and energy to produce than traditional plastics D) so traditional plastics are used in a wide range of industries, including textiles and packaging E) for the damaging effects of plastic waste on the environment are undeniable A 2009-ÜDS Sonbahar /İNG-Fen Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 6 36. – 38. sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümleye anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi bulunuz. 36. According to some physicists, the universe is just a little lighter than a black hole of the same size. A) Bazı fizikçilere göre, bir kara delik, aynı boyuttaki evrenden sadece biraz daha ağırdır. B) Bazı fizikçiler, evrenin, aynı büyüklükteki bir kara delikten, sadece biraz daha hafif olduğunu öne sürmektedirler. C) Bazı fizikçiler, evrenin, aynı boyuttaki bir kara delli kadar hafif olduğunu varsaymaktadırlar. D) Bazı fizikçilere göre, evrenin ağırlığı, aynı boyuttaak bir kara deliğin ağırlığını geçmemektedir. E) Bazı fizikçilere göre, evren, aynı boyuttaki bir karr delikten yalnızca biraz daha hafiftir. 37. The discovery in Japan of a 130-million-year-old lizard fossil may re-determine the date when flowering plants are believed to have emerged on Earth. A) Çiçekli bitkilerin yeryüzünde ortaya çıktığı tarihin yeniden belirlenmesi, Japonya’da 130 milyon yaşı1nd bir kertenkele fosilinin keşfiyle gerçekleşmiş_tir B) Japonya’da 130 milyon yaşında bir kertenkele fosili keşfedildikten sonra, çiçekli bitkilerin yeryüzzünd ortaya çıktığına inanılan tarih yeniden belirlenmiştir. C) Japonya’da 130 milyon yaşında bir kertenkele fosilinin keşfi, çiçekli bitkilerin yeryüzünde ortaya çıktığına inanılan tarihi yeniden belirleyebilir. D) Japonya’da 130 milyon yaşında bir kertenkele fosilinin keşfedilmesinden önce, çiçekli bitkilerin yeryüzünde daha yakın bir zamanda ortaya çıktığğın inanılıyordu. E) Japonya’da 130 milyon yaşında bir kertenkele fosilinin keşfedilmesiyle, çiçekli bitkilerin yeryüzüünd ortaya çıktığına inanılan tarih yeniden belirlennmiştir 38. With an estimated 200,000 species of plants and animals, Madagascar is among the top five most biologically diverse countries in the world. A) Aşağı yukarı 200.000 bitki ve hayvan türüne sahip olan Madagaskar, biyolojik çeşitliliği en fazla olan dünyadaki ilk beş ülkeden biridir. B) Biyolojik çeşitlilik bakımından dünyanın en önemli beş ülkesinden biri olan Madagaskar, tahminî olarak 200.000 bitki ve hayvan türüne sahiptir. C) Madagaskar’ın sahip olduğu bitki ve hayvan türü 200.000 civarındadır ve böylece dünyada biyolojji çeşitliliği en zengin olan ilk beş ülke arasındadıır D) Madagaskar, gerek zengin biyolojik çeşitliliği ve gerek sahip olduğu 200.000 civarındaki bitki ve hayvan türüyle, dünyanın ilk beş ülkesi arasında yer almaktadır. E) Tahminî 200.000 bitki ve hayvan türüyle, Madagasskar dünyada, biyolojik olarak en çok çeşitliliiğ sahip, ilk beş ülke arasındadır. 39. – 41. sorularda, verilen Türkçe cümleye anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi bulunuz. 39. X-ışını görüntüleme yöntemleri, kırıkların tanılanmassın bir yüzyıldan fazla zamandır daha kolay kılmıştır, ancak X-ışınları, her zaman daha ince ayrıntıların saptanmasında yardımcı olamaz. A) Although the diagnosis of fractures has been easier for over a century, thanks to X-ray imaging methods, X-rays do not always help to detect the finer details. B) X-ray imaging methods have made diagnosing fractures easier for more than a century, but Xraay cannot always help to detect the finer details. C) For over a century, it has been much easier to diagnose fractures thanks to X-ray imaging methods, even though X-rays fail to detect the intricate parts. D) X-rays have helped to detect the inner parts of fractures, and, therefore, the diagnosis of fractures has been much easier for over a century. E) Thanks to X-ray imaging methods, the diagnosis of fractures has been possible for more than a century, but the details of fractures cannot always be detected fully. A 2009-ÜDS Sonbahar /İNG-Fen Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 7 40. Her element, diğer bir elementin atomlarından farklı, tek tip atomdan oluşur. A) An element contains only one type of atom, entirely different from other atoms. B) The kind of atom that makes up an element is usually different from the atoms of other elements. C) Each element consists of one kind of atom, which is different from the atoms of any other element. D) The atoms that each element has are completely different from those of other elements. E) Each element has one set of atoms which are very different from the atoms of all the other elements. 41. Çin’deki sanayileşme, öyle büyük çevresel değişikliikler yol açmıştır ki fabrikaların yarattığı kirliili dağlık alanlardaki yağışı, yüzde 50’ye varan miktarda düşürmüştür. A) Industrialization in China has brought about such massive environmental changes that pollution created by factories has reduced the rainfall in mountainous areas by as much as 50 per cent. B) Massive environmental changes in China have resulted from industrialization, and, consequently, the rainfall in mountainous areas has dropped as much as 50 per cent due to the pollution caused by factories. C) The amount of the rainfall in the mountainous areas in China has fallen by as much as 50 per cent because of the pollution caused by factories, as massive industrialization led to environmental changes. D) Industrialization in China has caused so much environmental change that the amount of the rainfall in the country’s mountainous areas has fallen 50 per cent due to the pollution brought about by factories. E) China’s industrialization has led to extensive environmental changes – so much so that, because of the pollution caused by factories, the rainfall in mountainous areas has dropped to 50 per cent. A 2009-ÜDS Sonbahar /İNG-Fen Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 8 42. – 46. sorularda, boş bırakılan yere, parçadd anlam bütünlüğünü sağlamak için getirilebillece cümleyi bulunuz. 42. Photosynthesis, the process by which green plants and certain other organisms use the energy of light to convert carbon dioxide and water into simple sugar glucose, occurs in green plants, seaweeds, algae, and certain bacteria. These organisms are veritable sugar factories, producing millions of new glucose molecules per second. ----Some plants produce more glucose than they use, however, and they store it in the form of starch and other carbohydrates in their roots, stems, and leaves. A) The sugar we use in our everyday lives is derived from plants like sugar cane and is processed in factories. B) An extremely important by-product of photosynthesis is oxygen, on which most organisms depend. C) Being unable to produce it, humans and other animals rely on the glucose produced by these organisms. D) Plants use much of this glucose as an energy source to build leaves, flowers, fruits, and seeds. E) In plants, photosynthesis occurs in leaves and green stems within specialized cell structures called “chloroplasts”. 43. Insects are often regarded as pests because some bite, sting, spread diseases, or compete with humans over crop plants. ----Without insects to pollinate flowers, the human race would soon run out of food because many of the crop plants that we rely on would not be able to reproduce. In addition, insects themselves are valued as food in many parts of the world. Also, they help to recycle organic matter by feeding on wastes and on dead plants and animals. A) Therefore, humans use chemicals to get rid of harmful plants growing among agricultural crops. B) Scientists have so far been able to identify about one million species of insects. C) Nevertheless, they are of undeniably great value to nature and to humans. D) Pollination is the process by which most plants reproduce, but there are exceptions. E) While some insects protect themselves with their poison, others use camouflage. 44. ----As a residential fuel, it is burned in furnaces, water heaters, cooking stoves, and clothes dryers. As an industrial fuel, it is burned in special furnaces to bake bricks and ceramic tiles and to produce cement. In addition to its use as a fuel, natural gas serves as a raw material for creating petrochemicals, which are used as a base product for fertilizers, detergents, pharmaceuticals, plastics, and numerous other goods. A) Historical records show that natural gas was burned as a fuel as early as 250 A.D. in China. B) There is a growing concern among developed nations about the future availability of energy sources. C) Among the most common residential fuels are natural gas, coal, and bottled butane and propane. D) Natural gas is used both as a fuel and as a raw material in the manufacture of chemicals. E) The use of fossil fuels is generally regarded as harmful to the environment, since it is a major cause of global warming. 45. Ecology is the study of the relationship of plants and animals to their physical and biological environment. The physical environment includes light and heat or solar radiation, moisture, wind, nutrients in soil, water, and atmosphere. The biological environment includes organisms of the same kind as well as other plants and animals. ----For this reason, it draws upon such fields as climatology, hydrology, oceanography, physics, chemistry, geology, and soil analysis as well as animal behaviour, taxonomy, physiology, and mathematics. A) Different kinds of organisms often share the same environment, which makes the relationship between them significant. B) However, due to the climate and other natural factors, physical and biological environments show great diversity in the world. C) An increased public awareness of environmental problems has made ecology a common but often misused word. D) Our understanding of environmental problems has increased by a very large extent over the last few decades. E) Although the field is a distinct scientific discipline, it has a close relationship with other disciplines. A 2009-ÜDS Sonbahar /İNG-Fen Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 9 46. The principle of all the sciences, including physics, is generally considered to be the ordering of the complex appearances detected by our senses. In other words, this is the ordering of what we often refer to as the “world around us”. In fact, many people think of science as a mechanical process of collecting facts. ----Essentially, science is a creative activity that in many respects resembles other creative activities of the human mind. A) This is not the case at all. B) Aristotle believed that the natural state of an object is to be at rest. C) It was Galileo who founded our modern view of motion. D) As a result of Einstein’s theory of relativity, our concepts of space and time have been completely altered. E) The list of ways in which physics, for example, relates to other fields is extensive. 47. – 51. sorularda, karşılıklı konuşmanın boş bırakılan kısmını tamamlayabilecek ifadeyi bulunnuz 47. Joseph: -I read that Taiwanese researchers have developed a motorcycle that runs on compressed air. Maria: -So, what’s so special about it? Joseph: -----Maria: -Oh, then it really is a significant invention. A) The prototype has not aroused much interest among the public yet. B) It requires electricity to compress the air. C) Well, it could help to solve the problem of pollution. D) Actually, they have been working on it for quite some time. E) Well, they might soon start mass producing them. A 2009-ÜDS Sonbahar /İNG-Fen Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 10 48. Customer: -I’d like to buy a good camera for a reasonable price. What would you recommend? Shop assistant: -Well, we have this professional series, with which you can get extra high-resolution images and at least three types of lenses. Their prices start from $3,000. Customer: -----Shop assistant: -Then, maybe you’d consider one from this series, which comes with only the standard lens, but can be upgraded when necessary. Plus, they provide equally high-resolution images. A) Oh, I didn’t expect that they would be so simple. B) Actually, photography has been a major interest of mine for a long time. C) I can see you are very informed about cameras. D) Oh, I don’t think I want something so professional. E) Well, that really is a good value. 49. Thomas: -Did you know that e. coli, the bacteria that upsets stomachs and kills people, can actually be useful? Julie: -How so? Thomas: -----Julie: -Wow! That means it is going to serve as an alternative energy source. A) You know, it is actually present in the intestines. B) Well, scientists have genetically engineered it to excrete biodiesel. C) It obtains the energy it needs from the intestinal flora. D) The new method involves mixing the bacteria with sugar cane. E) The newly-developed biodiesel is not as efficient as a fossil fuel. 50. Jeffrey: -The swine flu outbreak seems to have emerged without warning, don’t you think? Nathan: -Yes, you have a point. But I think the virus existed for some time before it was discovered. Jeffrey: -----Nathan: -The answer is likely “yes”, if more attention had been paid to the human-animal interactions that enable new viruses to emerge. A) Do you think governments have taken the necessary measures against it? B) Could there be a more effective way of monitoring the course of the disease? C) Do you think the world faces more pandemics like this one? D) Couldn’t it have been detected and the spread of it prevented? E) Do you think vaccination against such pandemics would solve the problem? 51. Peter: -Weren’t you thinking of getting a new job as a laboratory assistant? Well, here is an advertisement. Joanna: -Oh, I have already seen that one, but I’m not the one they are looking for. Peter: -----Joanna: -Yes, all but a very important one. I’m not a British citizen. A) Don’t you want to work in Britain? B) But why? You meet all the requirements. C) Why? Don’t you have a licence to work as a lab assistant? D) Are they looking for better qualified people? E) You’re wrong; I’m sure they don’t care about citizenship. A 2009-ÜDS Sonbahar /İNG-Fen Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 11 52. – 56. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü bozan cümleyi bulunuz. 52. (I) The Anacostia River, which flows through the heart of Washington, DC, is just one of dozens of severely polluted rivers in the US. (II) It is contaminated with the molecular remnants of dyes, plastics, asphalt, and pesticides. (III) Recent tests have shown that up to 68% of the river’s brown bullhead catfish suffer from liver cancer. (IV) Water pollution comes from many sources, such as wastewater from textile and pulp mills, agricultural waste, and residential sewage. (V) Wildlife officials recommend that anyone who catches the river’s fish toss them back uneaten, and swimming has been banned. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V 53. (I) Weight, lift, thrust, and drag are the four primary sources acting upon an airplane. (II) Since the 1950s, aircraft technology has developed at an amazing speed, making especially great advances in thrust. (III) Weight, which is the force caused by gravity, is also the force that offsets lift, which is the upward force on the plane, because it acts in the opposite direction. (IV) Thrust, which is provided by a propeller or a jet engine, or a combination of the two, is the force that pushes the airplane forward in the air. (V) The fourth force, drag, is created by the friction that the airplane produces when moving through the air. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V 54. (I) Volcanic eruptions in populated regions are a significant threat to people, property, and agriculture. (II) The danger is mostly from fast-moving hot flows of explosively erupted materials, falling ash, and highly destructive flows of lava and volcanic debris. (III) On the contrary, they can also be rich in natural resources, especially with the materials that they erupt. (IV) In addition, explosive eruptions, even from volcanoes in unpopulated regions, can eject ash high into the atmosphere, posing a danger to distant populations. (V) Such explosions also create drifting volcanic ash clouds that represent a serious hazard to airplanes. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V 55. (I) Water vapour is the most common greenhouse gas in the atmosphere, accounting for about 60 to 70 per cent of the natural greenhouse effect. (II) Humans do not have a direct effect on water vapour levels in the atmosphere. (III) But human activities do increase the concentration of other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, producing warmer temperatures. (IV) Indeed, global warming has now become one of the most passionately argued issues of our time. (V) This results in an increase in the evaporation of oceans, lakes, and rivers, raising the amount of water vapour in the atmosphere. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V 56. (I) For a long time, science was more or less a united whole known as “natural philosophy,” and wasn’t that far removed from art. (II) Then, in the 18th century, the distinctions between the scientific fields began to appear. (III) Later, in the 19th century, to take two examples, physics and chemistry went their separate ways. (IV) Actually, several physicists in the 1930s and 1940s tried to apply their knowledge to microbiology. (V) So, the sharp border that we now see between the arts and sciences is but only a few centuries old. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V A 2009-ÜDS Sonbahar /İNG-Fen Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 12 57. – 60. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız. Palaeontology was once limited to digging up fossils and trying to deduce their age with inaccurate methods. However, fossil analysis improved dramatically in the 1960s, with the advent and refinement of two techniques: radiometric dating and stratigraphy. The first radiometric method was also known as carbon-14 dating, and it was usable for specimens younger than 50,000 years. Later, potassium-argon dating revolutionized the field by enabling scientists to detect the radioactive decay of elements found naturally in rocks and soil surrounding much older fossils. Stratigraphy, which is the study of rock layering, actually was developed well before the 1960s, but that was the decade scientists began to better understand how geological conditions, earthen layers, and fossil records all relate. The resulting refinement of biostratigraphy, i.e., the study of the complete life of a stratum of earth, allowed scientists to determine the environment and lifestyle of human ancestors based on fossilized flora and fauna found within the same layer as the hominine fossils. Since the 1960s, DNA testing has come to be used widely. As all living organisms have the same genetic code, scientists can use DNA variations as a molecular clock. After splitting with a common ancestor, each generation develops a constant rate of genetic mutations. The molecular clock allows scientists to calculate how long ago the split occurred based on the number of differences between species. The method is now helping scientists map the routes that humans took out of Africa. 57. It can be understood from the passage that the carbon-14 method ----. A) involves the use of radioactivity to make fossils decay B) can be used to date fossils of any age C) revolutionized potassium-argon dating D) was no longer practiced after the 1960s E) was the earliest form of radiometric dating 58. It is clearly stressed in the passage that, before the development of different dating methods, ----. A) the molecular clock was used by scientists to determine the age of fossils B) the age of fossils could not be determined reliably C) palaeontology was regarded as a field of study that was only concerned with the excavation of fossils D) it was impossible to know whether Africa was the home of the first human beings E) only the age of fossils which were older than 50,000 years could be determined accurately 59. According to the passage, stratigraphy ----. A) helped scientists to understand the relationship among only fossil records B) deals mainly with vegetative life in a given region C) started to be used in the study of fossils long after its emergence as a science D) later established the basis for DNA dating E) allowed scientists to refine the methods of biostratigraphy 60. The passage is mainly concerned with ----. A) the advanced methods palaeontologists use to date fossils B) how palaeontology came to be recognized as a field of science C) recent advances made in the study of genetic mutations D) the development of DNA testing and its use in deciphering the genetic code E) the relationship between humans and the environment they live in A 2009-ÜDS Sonbahar /İNG-Fen Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 13 61. – 64. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız. Baleen whales and toothed whales each have a unique way of vocalizing. Only baleen whales produce long sequences of deep sounds known as whale songs. They have a larynx, an organ at the top of the trachea, which may be involved in sound production. Researchers are unclear about the organ’s role in the songs as whale larynxes are unlike those of humans, which have vocal chords. Toothed whales, on the other hand, rely on sequences of high-pitched clicks and whistles for both echo location and communication with their mates. Their phonic lips, a structure analogous to human nasal passages, press together when air is forced through them, vibrating the surrounding tissue. The sound waves then penetrate an oily organ in the whale’s head, called the “melon”, where they are focused into a beam of sound. When this beam strikes a fish, the seabed, or another object, the sound is reflected back to the whale as an echo. Toothed whales can thus locate prey and navigate in total darkness. However, during their long, deep dives, toothed whales cannot inhale air every time they want to produce a sound. So they collect it in a sac at the back of their head and reuse it. 61. It is pointed out in the passage that there is some uncertainty as to ----. A) why both baleen and toothed whales use sounds in order to find their ways B) whether toothed whales can travel long distances in the sea without inhaling fresh air C) how a baleen whale’s phonic lips function in the production of sound D) how baleen whales produce sound E) how far whale songs travel in the sea when whales communicate with their mates 62. According to the passage, baleen whales are different from toothed whales because they ----. A) use their trachea to produce sounds B) communicate with other whales through whistles C) can dive to immeasurable depths and find their ways in full darkness D) are much more efficient in locating feeding areas in the sea E) produce what is called the “whale song” 63. It is clear from the passage that toothed whales ----. A) can hardly find where their prey is located B) navigate through the echoes of the sounds they make C) often come up to the sea surface to inhale enough air D) generally swim close to the seabed while they are hunting E) are better hunters than baleen whales, especially in deep waters 64. The passage ----. A) doesn’t explain clearly how toothed whales vocalize B) gives a full account of the study researchers have made of baleen whales C) focuses more on toothed whales than on baleen whales D) points out the similarities of sound production in whales and human beings E) describes in detail how toothed whales hunt in total darkness A 2009-ÜDS Sonbahar /İNG-Fen Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 14 65. – 68. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız. The human population continues to grow by more than 75 million people annually. Since the first Earth Day in 1970, emission rates have remained steady at about 1.2 metric tons of carbon per person per year. Unfortunately, the 1997 Kyoto Protocol has had little measurable effect on these per-capita emissions, even in the countries that have agreed to national targets. More than any other factor, population growth drives rising carbon emissions, and the US Census Bureau and United Nations both project that the global population, currently 6.6 billion, will surpass 9 billion before 2050. The implication is that one of the best strategies for reducing future greenhouse gas emissions is population stabilization, as quickly as can be achieved by noncoercive means. 65. It is suggested in the passage that one feasible way of reducing greenhouse gas emissions in the future ----. A) may be through the control of population growth B) is through the enlargement of the measures included in the 1997 Kyoto Protocol C) will be through the assignment of more responsibility to the United Nations D) can best be found through cooperation among all the countries in the world E) depends to a large extent on the revision of the 1997 Kyoto Protocol 66. One understands from the passage that the 1997 Kyoto Protocol ----. A) was originally inspired by the celebration of Earth Day in 1970 B) can be considered a major achievement by the United Nations and the United States C) does contain a set of extremely harsh sanctions on gas emissions D) has been most effective in the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions E) has been largely disregarded by the countries that have signed it 67. It is emphasized in the passage that annual population growth in the world ----. A) can be reduced effectively through the implementation of the Kyoto Protocol B) has the effect of raising the amount of carbon emissions C) plays no role in the increase in greenhouse gas emissions D) is constantly watched by the US Census Bureau so that it can be kept stable E) has alarmed many countries and forced them to take measures to prevent it 68. As claimed in the passage, by 2050, the world’s population will ----. A) increase by more than half B) definitely reach a stable level C) cease to have any effect on gas emissions D) have a much lower growth rate E) decrease by 75 million people per year A 2009-ÜDS Sonbahar /İNG-Fen Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 15 69. – 72. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız. Scientists are exploring ways of producing spider silk artificially, a process difficult to repeat effectively. A spider’s silk gland is a very efficient chemical factory. Inside its gland, the spider stores a mixture of liquid proteins, which it is able to transform into light, strong fibres. Artificial spider silk could have many applications, from lightweight and durable packing materials to parachutes, surgical sutures, and even bullet-proof vests. Producing it synthetically is a twopaar process: scientists must first manufacture the proteins and then find a way to form them into superfine threads. They have had success with the first part, by producing proteins through genetic modification. Binding proteins into fibres as thin and strong as spider silk, however, has proved to be a challenge. Recently, however, a group of German scientists have attempted to solve that problem by using a device modelled on a spider’s glands. Like the arachnid method, the proteins are mixed with potassium phosphate, and then the pH is lowered before pressure is applied as the mixture flows through tiny channels, hardening and binding the proteins. So far, researchers have been able to make fibres of only a fraction of an inch long, but they hope to be able to produce longer, stronger fibres in the future. 69. As stressed in the passage, with regard to the production of artificial spider silk, the main problem is ----. A) the difficulty in mixing proteins with potassium phosphate B) that scientists are not seriously interested in it C) how to make fibres as fine and long as natural spider silk D) whether the material can be used for various purposes E) whether it can be commercially and technologically viable 70. According to the passage, artificial spider silk ----. A) could have various uses in industry B) is produced only in chemical factories C) is commonly known as a very profitable product D) is a material that has already had a wide range of applications E) is currently being produced in threads longer than an inch 71. It is clear from the passage that natural spider silk is produced ----. A) in large quantities for use in the production of various materials B) only when the spider’s silk gland has stored enough liquid proteins C) shortly before the spider’s silk gland undergoes a chemical reaction D) through the transformation in the spider’s silk gland of liquid proteins into fibres E) even though the spider’s silk gland fails to have an adequate amount of liquid protein mixture 72. It is pointed out in the passage that, in making synthetic silk, scientists have so far been successful in ----. A) imitating the entire natural process of silk production B) producing fibres suitable for parachutes and bullet-proof vests C) understanding the importance of proteins D) producing artificial fibres about an inch in thickness E) obtaining the necessary proteins through genetic modification A 2009-ÜDS Sonbahar /İNG-Fen Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 16 73. – 76. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız. An organism discovered deep in the ground has taken astrobiologists by surprise. The organism’s unique ability to live in complete isolation from other species, or even light or oxygen, suggests it could be the key to life on other planets. It was discovered in fluid-filled cracks in a South African gold mine, nearly three kilometres beneath the Earth’s surface. When US scientists analyzed the fluid, they expected to find genes from a mix of species. Instead, they found that 99.9 per cent of the DNA belonged to just one bacterium, a previously unknown species. Such a self-sufficient organism is virtually unheard of. It means that this organism extracts everything it needs from an otherwise dead environment. Almost all other known organisms on the Earth that do not use sunlight directly do use some product of photosynthesis. However, this newly-found organism gets its energy from the radioactive decay of uranium in the surrounding rocks. It also has genes to extract carbon and nitrogen from its environment, both of which are essential for making proteins. Scientists believe that this organism is just the type that could survive on a planet other than the Earth. 73. As suggested in the passage, for scientists, the newly-discovered organism ----. A) can be useful in preventing environmental deformation B) is unique only to Africa’s ecosystem C) can provide clues about life on other planets D) seems to reveal the beginnings of life on the Earth E) can survive only in an environment where there is plenty of protein 74. According to the passage, upon the analysis of the fluid found in a South African gold mine, scientists have learned that ----. A) proteins discovered in it were made through carbon and nitrogen B) it contained only one type of organism, unlike any of those already known C) the Earth and other planets have similar environmental conditions D) the radioactive effects of uranium can be seen very deep down in the Earth E) all kinds of organisms can be found not only on the Earth but also on other planets 75. It is clear from the passage that what makes the newly-found organism unique is that it ----. A) lives in an environment that lacks any kind of organic life B) can survive only through photosynthesis C) feeds on the remains of dead organisms D) does not have to produce proteins E) exists only in the depths of the Earth 76. One understands from the passage that astrobiologists ----. A) have focused all their efforts on the search for life on other planets B) regard organisms as indispensable for the solution of environmental problems C) were astonished by the discovery of so unusual an organism in the depths of the Earth D) have now shifted their attention to the study of organisms deep in the Earth E) have been particularly interested in the DNA structure of a large variety of organisms A 2009-ÜDS Sonbahar /İNG-Fen Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 17 77. – 80. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız. A scientific view of something is always an intimate mixture of theories and observed facts. The theories are broad, general ideas together with arguments based on them. The arguments are designed to show that, if the general ideas are accepted, then this or the other thing ought to be observed. If this, that, or the other actually is observed, then the theory is a good one; if not, then the theoreticians have to think again. Thus, theoretical ideas and arguments are continually subjected to the severe test of comparison with the facts, and scientists are proud of the strictness with which this is done. On the other hand, theories often suggest new things to look for; in other words, they lead to predictions. These predictions are frequently successful, and scientists are entitled to be proud of that, too. But it follows that no theory is immutable; any scientific view of any subject may, in principle, be invalidated at any time by the discovery of new facts. 77. The point made in the passage is that theories are subject to revision or may lose their validity ----. A) if and when new facts are brought to light B) so long as they are not supported through arguments C) because the arguments about them are not based on facts D) even though they have been tested and compared with facts E) due to the fact that most of the observations they are based on cannot be tested 78. It is asserted in the passage that, when something is understood scientifically, ----. A) it shows how essentially the theory rather than the observation is important B) this involves not only the relevant theory but also an observation of facts themselves C) this means the rejection of the arguments put forward against it D) the predictions made so far lose their significance and are not taken into consideration E) this is because new facts have not been discovered yet 79. It is clear from the passage that theories ----. A) usually provide guidelines for new discoveries B) always arouse a great deal of controversy among scientists C) sometimes exist separately from observed facts D) can be maintained unless they are validated by new facts E) are specific formulations that are taken for granted by many scientists 80. According to the passage, the validity of a theory ----. A) can seldom be rejected once all the theoreticians share a common view B) is always hard to maintain, since scientists usually come up with contrary views C) can only be established after a series of arguments put forward by various theoreticians D) is determined through the test of its comparison with observed facts E) always makes scientists proud of their work for the progress of science TEST BİTTİ. CEVAPLARINIZI KONTROL EDİNİZ. ÜNİVERSİTELERARASI KURUL YABANCI DİL SINAVI (ÜDS) 4 EKİM 2009 İNGİLİZCE FEN BİLİMLERİ TESTİ CEVAP ANAHTARI A KİTAPÇIĞI 1. E 2. C 3. E 4. B 5. D 6. E 7. D 8. C 9. A 10. B 11. C 12. E 13. D 14. C 15. D 16. E 17. C 18. D 19. A 20. B 21. E 22. D 23. E 24. B 25. C 26. E 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. B 31. C 32. D 33. E 34. B 35. C 36. E 37. C 38. E 39. B 40. C 41. A 42. D 43. C 44. D 45. E 46. A 47. C 48. D 49. B 50. D 51. B 52. D 53. B 54. C 55. D 56. D 57. E 58. B 59. C 60. A 61. D 62. E 63. B 64. C 65. A 66. E 67. B 68. A 69. C 70. A 71. D 72. E 73. C 74. B 75. A 76. C 77. A 78. B 79. A 80. D A İNGİLİZCE SAĞLIK BİLİMLERİ TESTİ 2009-ÜDS Sonbahar /İNG-Sağ. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 18 1. – 18. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerleer uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuuz 1. The ----of potassium in the human body is dramatically demonstrated when too much or too little of it is secreted. A) comparison B) attribution C) significance D) marginality E) demand 2. In the past decade, technology has become ----to freeze human embryos and then successfully transplant them into host mothers, thereby giving some young women the option of postponing childbirth. A) appropriate B) negligible C) potential D) degraded E) available 3. Most multiple-sclerosis patients suffer weakness and visual problems, and they become ----more disabled. A) hardly B) progressively C) absolutely D) solely E) plausibly 4. Traditionally, medicine has taken a paternalistic stance towards patients, with the all-knowing physician ----wisdom from on high, but that is becoming increasingly unacceptable. A) informing B) withdrawing C) requesting D) providing E) commenting 5. Short-term memory records the information in front of us right now, though a portion of this seems to evaporate soon afterward; the remainder ----a process in the brain called consolidation, which makes it permanent. A) goes through B) gives off C) gets away with D) puts off E) comes up with 6. More than 350,000 people in the UK (25,000 of them children) suffer from Type I diabetes, an auto-immune condition that is ----by a variety of largely unknown genetic and environmental factors. A) taken part in B) brought about C) cut down on D) done away with E) got over 7. For a long time, scientists ----by the fact that the French ----to eat fatty diets rich in red meat but to live as long as those on lean and vegetarian diets. A) had been intrigued /are tending B) were intrigued /would have tended C) would be intrigued /have been tending D) will have been intrigued /would tend E) have been intrigued /tend A 2009-ÜDS Sonbahar /İNG-Sağ. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 19 8. Although people ----with both “good” brown fat cells and normal white fat cells, usually the former ----after infancy. A) have been born /lose B) were born /will lose C) are born /are lost D) had been born /had lost E) are to be born /had been lost 9. As part of an effort by the UK government to track down people at risk of a heart attack, British doctors ----to investigate the family history of those of their patients who ----high cholesterol. A) had been told /are having B) are telling /have had C) would be told /will have D) have been told /have E) had told /had had 10. The latest research finding that older adults are generally happier than younger ones ----superficially at odds with many studies that ----older people are at higher risk for depression and other mental health problems. A) seems /have found B) seemed /will find C) has seemed /would find D) had seemed /have been finding E) could have seemed /would have found 11. In Britain, the highest-level medical jobs continue to be dominated by men of 55 or more, but these distinguished consultants and professors ----within the next ten years, and this ----more women to reach the top tier. A) will have been retiring /is allowing B) have retired /allowed C) would have retired /will be allowing D) had been retiring /has allowed E) will be retiring /will allow 12. In the late 1950s and early 1960s, 85,000 baby teeth were collected ----children in the Midwestern US as part of a study of a possible link ----the testing of atomic bombs and human health. A) around /beside B) with /from C) inside /throughout D) from /between E) under /among 13. Evidence clearly shows there is a preventive effect ----aspirin and other anti-inflammatory drugs ----colorectal cancer. A) after /with B) on /to C) of /on D) without /by E) between /beside A 2009-ÜDS Sonbahar /İNG-Sağ. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 20 14. ----the so-called swine flu turns out to be less frightening than first feared, it is only a matter of time before a deadlier one comes along. A) Unless B) Even if C) Whether D) While E) When 15. All efforts by the Chinese government to eliminate the most widespread parasitic infection in the country failed, ----a new drug arrived in the 1980s that was said to be highly effective in controlling the disease. A) just as B) so that C) in case D) even after E) whereby 16. After Hurricane Katrina hit the US city of New Orleans in 2005 and left it without electricity for many weeks, mold and spores easily grew in the still-habitable houses, ----respiratory and skin problems are still widespread. A) because B) so C) although D) yet E) whenever 17. Many surgeons believe that a patient ----face bears a calm expression immediately before an operation is likely to require less anaesthesia during the procedure. A) what B) which C) whatever D) that E) whose 18. In the developing world, the public-sector health care infrastructure is typically overwhelmed, which is not surprising considering ----national governments spend on health as a share of national income. A) how little B) few C) so much D) just as much E) how many 19. – 23. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada numaralaanmı yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz. Ultraviolet (UV) light from the sun is classified into three types: ultraviolet A (UVA), ultraviolet B (UVB), and ultraviolet C (UVC), depending on its wavelength. UV light in small amounts is (19)----, as it helps the body produce Vitamin D. (20)----, larger amounts of UV light damage DNA (the body’s genetic material) and alter the amounts and kinds of chemicals (21)----the skin cells make. UV light also (22)----folic acid, sometimes resulting in deficiency of that essential vitamin in fair-skinned individuals. Although UVA penetrates deeper (23)----the skin, UVB is responsible for at least three quarters of the damaging effects of UV light, including tanning, burning, premature skin aging, wrinkling, and skin cancer. 19. A) neutral B) beneficial C) indeterminate D) minimal E) economical 20. A) Additionally B) Similarly C) However D) Indeed E) Otherwise 21. A) that B) what C) where D) whatever E) wherever 22. A) should break down B) must break down C) broke down D) might have broken down E) may break down 23. A) with B) from C) into D) without E) beside A 2009-ÜDS Sonbahar /İNG-Sağ. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 21 24. – 35. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz. 24. Since the response to a cholera outbreak is often led by medical professionals, ----. A) epidemics can easily escalate into pandemics when medications are scarce B) another disease should be chosen by those in charge C) doctors and nurses must learn to cooperate in emergency and non-emergency situations alike D) other aspects, such as environmental or communication issues, might tend to be neglected E) cholera often results in severe dehydration and even death 25. ----that is often associated with extreme tiredness. A) Medical investigators decided to study the biochemical clock that keeps bodies running parallel with the sun B) Molecular biologists are feverishly at work on a new research project C) Most disorders requiring surgery during pregnancy centre on the abdominal region D) Occupational safety regulations issued by the US government have resulted in an industry record E) Rheumatoid arthritis is one example of a disease 26. If it is proven to be successful in clinical studies, ----. A) significant results in scar reduction have already been reported by the University of Manchester B) an experimental drug has been designed to reduce certain types of scarring C) this new preparation comes after decades of research into its anti-scarring properties D) the new treatment could be used in the early management of wounds from surgery and injury E) patients are being told not to get their hopes up of the treatment being available soon 27. Although it has a shameful history of sabotaging the many attempts to bring universal health care to the American people, ----. A) the medical-insurance industry now accepts the need for radical changes in this area B) political leaders are increasingly unhappy about the opposition of the insurance industry C) a typical insurance company does not want to see such a model introduced in the US D) many politicians agree with the position traditionally taken by these companies E) a majority of the population is frightened of the government interfering in their relationships with their insurers 28. Although it is not an automatic correlation, ----. A) shock-absorbing shoes with cushioned soles have long been considered better for runners B) there are two types of diabetes, Type I and Type II C) people who have a family history of cancer may be at greater risk for the disease D) cholesterol-lowering drugs are covered by the more comprehensive medical-insurance plans E) one’s doctor should inspire a feeling of trust, not fear 29. Ever since scientists learned how to manipulate genes, ----. A) doctors and patients have pinned their hopes on this knowledge being transmuted into readily available medical procedures B) advances in gene therapy are expected to be announced by research teams in Japan and Argentina in the near future C) all gene therapy rests on the idea that the patient’s genes can be manipulated in such a way that the organism fixes itself D) various other therapies, such as bone-marrow transplants, have proved inadequate in making headway against the rare disorder of severe combined immuno-deficiency E) no clinical trial expects to get ultimate approval in the near future by health authorities in the US and Europe A 2009-ÜDS Sonbahar /İNG-Sağ. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 22 30. Laser light usually passes easily through bone, ----. A) except in cases where its use has been ruled out B) unless the diagnosis is incorrect C) as will many orthopaedic surgeons D) whereas bone seldom displays resistance to it E) but sound does not 31. ----, he was one of three people awarded the 2008 Nobel Prize for Medicine. A) Only if Harald zur Hausen’s earlier work with retroviruses is excluded B) Unless scientists other than Harald zur Hausen had not received credit for their discoveries C) Unlike the medical breakthroughs achieved by other men that had been honoured previously D) Because Harald zur Hausen had discovered that human papilloma viruses cause cervical cancer E) Now that human papilloma viruses are known to cause cervical cancer 32. ----, many women will welcome the opportunity to take some preventive action against bone thinning. A) As they enter middle age B) Despite the fact that their emotional outbursts are seldom justified C) Knowing that sports injuries are almost inevitable in the highly active D) Unless they are told to do so by their doctors E) When doctors forget to advise their patients 33. The waiting lists for organ transplants in the Western countries are becoming longer and longer ----. A) so that desperate people in developing countries try to sell their own kidneys B) as more of the ageing populations there develop life-threatening conditions C) although China and India, for example, are trying to stop the illegal trade in organs D) in case people hoping to receive a new liver or heart don’t die prematurely E) even if a greater number of surgeons could be persuaded to perform such operations 34. Common bacterial infections have evolved to become a nightmare for hospitals worldwide ----. A) because they have developed resistance to overused antibiotics B) despite the fact that hygiene levels are not as high as they should be C) if the staff within them don’t continue to follow proper sterilization procedures D) that are struggling with ever-increasing surgical and administrative costs E) before antibiotics came into widespread use after the Second World War 35. The British Medical Association is coming under pressure to support compulsory childhood vaccinations, ----. A) when such interventions are insisted on by the parents B) whereas there are several diseases for which there are no vaccinations C) after a false scare about autism led to a drop in vaccinations and a big jump in measles cases D) most of which were of no value after a certain age E) but this fails to take into account the views of the general public A 2009-ÜDS Sonbahar /İNG-Sağ. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 23 36. – 38. sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümleye anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi bulunuz. 36. Certain kidney disorders are diagnosed by injecting a radioactive chemical into the patient’s blood and then measuring the amount of radioactive material passed in the urine. A) Bazı böbrek bozuklukları, hastanın kanına radyoaakti bir kimyasal zerk edilerek ve sonra idrara geçen radyoaktif maddenin miktarı ölçülerek teşhhi edilir. B) Bazı böbrek bozukluklarını teşhis etmek için, hastanın kanına radyoaktif bir kimyasal zerk edildikten sonra, bu radyoaktif maddenin idrara ne miktarda geçtiği ölçülür. C) Hastanın kanına zerk edilen radyoaktif bir kimyasallın radyoaktif madde olarak ne miktarda idrara karıştığı ölçülerek belli bazı böbrek bozukluklarınŮı teşhisi yapılır. D) Belli başlı böbrek bozukluklarının teşhisi, hastanŮı kanına radyoaktif bir kimyasalın zerk edilerek idrara karışan radyoaktif maddenin miktarının ölçüllmes ile gerçekleştirilir. E) Böbrek bozukluklarından bazılarının teşhis edilmeesi radyoaktif bir kimyasalın, hastanın kanına zerk edildikten sonra, idrara geçen radyoaktif madde ölçülerek gerçekleştirilir. 37. Milk and other dairy products have long been recognized as highly nutritious foods, rich in protein and minerals necessary for good teeth and strong bones. A) Protein ve mineraller bakımından zengin olan süt ve çeşitli süt ürünlerinin, sağlam diş ve kuvvetli kemikler için önemli derecede yararlı gıdalar olduuğ her zaman kabul görmüştür. B) Eskiden beri kabul edildiği üzere, sağlam diş ve kuvvetli kemikler için zengin protein ve mineraller içeren süt ve süt ürünleri, oldukça besleyici gıdalarrdır C) Sağlam diş ve kuvvetli kemikler için zengin proteei ve mineraller içeren süt ve süt ürünlerinin, çok yararlı gıdalar olduğu eskiden de kabul edilirrdi D) Süt ve diğer süt ürünleri, eskiden beri, sağlam diş ve kuvvetli kemikler için gerekli olan protein ve mineraller bakımından zengin, son derece besleyici gıdalar olarak kabul edilmektedir. E) Süt ve çeşitli süt ürünleri, sağlam diş ve kuvvetli kemikler için zengin protein ve mineraller içerirler ve bu bakımdan her zaman son derece yararlı gıdalar olarak kabul edilirler. 38. Almost all the molecules a cell makes are composed of carbon atoms bonded to one another and to atoms of other elements. A) Hem birbirine hem de diğer elementlerin atomlarıın bağlı karbon atomlarından oluşan moleküllerri tümü, hücrelerce üretilir. B) Bir hücrenin ürettiği moleküllerin hemen hemen tümü, birbirine ve diğer elementlerin atomlarına bağlı karbon atomlarından oluşmaktadır. C) Moleküllerin tümü, gerek birbirlerine gerek diğer elementlerin atomlarına bağlı karbon atomları olup, hücrelerde oluşur. D) Hemen hemen bütün moleküller, hücrelerde üretileerek birbirlerine ve ayrıca diğer elementlerin atomlarına bağlı karbon atomlarını içerirler. E) Birbirlerine olduğu kadar diğer elementlerin atomlarına da bağlı karbon atomlarının oluşturduuğ moleküllerin neredeyse tümü, hücrelerde üretilir. A 2009-ÜDS Sonbahar /İNG-Sağ. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 24 39. – 41. sorularda, verilen Türkçe cümleye anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi bulunuz. 39. Kemoterapinin yan etkileri, ilaçların, hızla bölünne normal hücreler üzerindeki etkilerinden ileri gelmektedir. A) It is the adverse effects drugs have on rapidlydivvide normal cells that lead to the side effects of chemotherapy. B) Since drugs have adverse effects on normal cells that divide very fast, this leads to the side effects of chemotherapy. C) The side effects of chemotherapy are closely related to the effects that drugs have on rapidlydivvide normal cells. D) The side effects of chemotherapy are due to the drugs’ effects on normal cells that rapidly divide. E) Due to the rapid division of normal cells, brought about by the effects of drugs, chemotherapy has side effects. 40. Bazı kanser türlerine bağlı ölüm oranları son yıllaard düşmüştür, ancak kanserin yol açtığı ölümleeri genel oranı, endişe verici bir şekilde artmaktaddır A) In recent years, death rates connected with some kinds of cancer have fallen dramatically, while the number of deaths caused by other types of cancer has shown much increase. B) There has been a noticeable decrease in recent years in certain cancer death rates even though the average rate of deaths related to cancer in general has been increasing seriously. C) In recent years, a remarkable decrease of deaths related to various types of cancer has been noticed, although there is a worrying increase in the number of deaths due to cancer in general. D) Some types of cancer have a low rate of death, but in recent years there has been a worrying increase in the overall rate of deaths due to cancer in general. E) Death rates due to some types of cancer have decreased in recent years, but the overall rate of deaths caused by cancer is alarmingly on the rise. 41. Egzersiz, kalp hastalığı riskini yarıya indirebilir, ancak çoğu yetişkin, tavsiye edilen egzersizleri yapmayı ihmal etmektedir. A) Adults in general neglect the kind of exercises they have been advised to do even though they are aware that exercise reduces the risk of heart disease by half. B) The risk of heart disease can be reduced by half through exercise, although a great majority of adults are indifferent to the exercises they have been advised to do. C) Exercise can cut the risk of heart disease in half, but most adults neglect to do the exercises recommended. D) Since many adults fail to do the recommended exercises, they always face the risk of heart disease that can be cut down in half through exercise. E) Exercise is indispensable in order to reduce the risk of heart disease by half, but a growing number of adults refuse to do their recommended exercises. A 2009-ÜDS Sonbahar /İNG-Sağ. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 25 42. – 46. sorularda, boş bırakılan yere, parçadd anlam bütünlüğünü sağlamak için getirilebillece cümleyi bulunuz. 42. Down’s syndrome, muscular dystrophy, and haemophilia may be among the best-known genetic diseases, but they are most certainly not alone. Several thousand human genes are linked, when they fail to work properly, to more than 4,000 heritable genetic diseases. Moreover, only a handful of these diseases are treatable. ----A) Deactivating such genes during embryonic development does not kill the embryo, which suggests that disease-related genes are recently evolved. B) Researchers have found that the majority of disease-causing genes were originally present in single-celled organisms and that most of the rest arose much later. C) Haemophilia, for example, achieved widespread visibility among the European public when it afflicted several generations of royal families on the Continent. D) The incidence of juvenile diabetes, another heritable disorder, is on the rise in the US, much to the alarm of public-health authorities. E) Any way of systematizing knowledge about them would thus be welcome, starting with features that the genes that cause diseases have in common. 43. In 1572, Michel de Montaigne, a French philosopher, observed that “there are men on whom the mere sight of medicine is operative.” Over the centuries, all manner of sugar pills and bitter tonics have been given to patients in the belief that they might do some good and probably will do no harm. ----While some consider this a virtuous lie, others argue it is unethical. A) The problem is that doctors have usually prescribed such placebos while telling patients that they are sure to make them feel better. B) An added benefit of this approach is that the prescribed items are available at much lower cost than standard pharmaceuticals, thus relieving families financially. C) Fortunately, the American Medical Association advised its members in 2006 to use a placebo for diagnosis or treatment only if the patient is so informed and agrees to it. D) Similarly, so-called faith healing carried out by unconventional religious leaders has hundreds of thousands of believers worldwide. E) There are two explanations for the apparent popularity of placebos: they do, in fact, work; and they are used by overworked doctors to deal with troublesome patients. 44. Like many other activities, global health has fashions. ----Recently, though, the focus has shifted to malaria. This tropical disease kills a million people a year, most of them children, and debilitates hundreds of millions more. That is why researchers are racing against one another to be the first to devise an effective vaccine. A) However, not all developing countries are struggling with health-related issues. B) Before Jonas Salk came up with his polio vaccine, many parents lived in fear of their children being struck down by the disease. C) In Eastern Europe, for example, there has been much concern about illicit drug use since the Cold War ended. D) For the past couple of decades, AIDS has captured both the imagination and the research dollars. E) In contrast, tropical diseases have not always received the attention they deserve from either national governments or international organizations. A 2009-ÜDS Sonbahar /İNG-Sağ. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 26 45. ----Their findings raise possible health concerns for those working in the manufacture of the materials. Carbon nanotubes are rolled-up sheets of graphite thousands of times thinner than a human hair. Because they are immensely strong and are good electricity conductors, they are poised for use in a wide range of fields, from engineering to medicine. However, their similarity in shape to asbestos fibres, which are known to damage the lungs, is giving rise to fears of their adverse effects on human health. A) Carbon nanotubes are unlikely to pose risks to the general public when incorporated into products. B) In studies done on mice, inhaling nanotubes affected the function of T-cells, a type of white blood cell that organizes the immune system. C) Scientists are trying to determine if the production of carbon nanotubes has any biological after-effect. D) Suppression by nanotubes of the immune system in mice has been halted by administering one of the standard anti-inflammatory drugs. E) Inhaling carbon nanotubes can suppress the immune system, according to scientists who have just completed a study of this new substance. 46. Infections in the roots of teeth are very difficult to treat. ----The infected material must then be cleaned out completely and the drilled section filled in. Although the procedure is routine, it is common for some of the bacteria to survive and, therefore, for infections to re-emerge shortly after treatment. A) Wound infections bear some similarity to this and can result in gangrene if not treated successfully. B) The tooth needs to be drilled into, right down to the bottom of the nerve-carrying canal that runs through the root. C) This may help to explain the related mystery of why dentists have one of the highest suicide rates among professions. D) Surprisingly, salty foods are just as damaging to the teeth as sweet desserts like candy and cake are. E) Unfortunately, most medical-insurance plans do not cover such procedures, even though they are as traumatic to the body as some surgical operations. 47. – 51. sorularda, karşılıklı konuşmanın boş bırakılan kısmını tamamlayabilecek ifadeyi bulunnuz 47. Robert: -Like most people, you probably think that the billions of dollars poured by the West into fighting diseases in poor countries have produced only good results. Tom: -Of course, I do. For one thing, it’s well-known that millions of people are alive today because of the coordinated distribution of HIV drugs in developing countries. Robert: -----Tom: -That’s a serious issue that needs to be addressed. A) The World Health Organization has been overseeing disease-elimination programmes that are making excellent progress. B) You’re absolutely right. In fact, funding for health support in poor countries has increased enormously in recent years. C) That’s true; but there’s a minus side, too: all that money has undermined some countries’ health systems by luring doctors and nurses away from hospitals to work for Western organizations. D) What’s more, in 2000, there was a worldwide reaction of outrage over the situation in Africa, where many were dying of AIDS because of the unavailability of HIV drugs there. E) Don’t you know that an investigative report on the impact of all that money on hospitals and clinics in the poorer countries has just been published? A 2009-ÜDS Sonbahar /İNG-Sağ. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 27 48. Barbara: -Isn’t your mother taking special herbal medicines for her arthritis? Mark: -Yes, she decided to go the natural route after reading about possible side effects of conventional medication. Barbara: -----Mark: -Then I’d better speak to her and urge her to see a specialist. A) If we lived in Britain, she wouldn’t have to pay to see an arthritis specialist under the National Health Service there. But here, cost is always a consideration, unfortunately. B) I’ve always confused rheumatoid arthritis with osteoarthritis. Which one does your mother have? C) Many people believe they can better benefit from herbs and minerals instead of drugs they perceive to be risky. D) Yet, it has now been proved that many herbal medicines and alternative therapies do nothing to help people with arthritis. E) What kind of side effects are you referring to? I think your mother has done the right thing. 49. Nancy: -Things are getting crazier and crazier in science. Now the US government has approved a new drug that is not made in a factory but in genetically-modified goats! Julie: -----Nancy: -They secrete the drug in their milk, and it’s then used to untangle blood clots in patients. Julie: -I suppose that’s okay, as long as the animals are not harmed in the process. A) Is that a drug that you and I are likely to need in the future? B) Won’t that lead to unemployment in the drug industry? C) Are the goats even aware of what has been done to them? D) Why has the government allowed the producers of this drug to go so far beyond what is normal? E) What do the goats do that a factory can’t? A 2009-ÜDS Sonbahar /İNG-Sağ. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 28 50. Doctor: -Now that you are receiving chemotherapy, I must warn you against opportunistic infections. Patient: -What exactly are you talking about? Doctor: -----Patient: -So that probably means bacteria that are usually harmless can overwhelm my body and cause disease. A) Well, you know chemotherapy weakens your immune system. B) Perhaps you should bring me your vaccine report, so that we can check what diseases you are immune to. C) Well, I think it would be best if you avoided close contact with people who have even the common cold. D) Once your chemotherapy is over, we’ll have to check your body functions and infection resistance again. E) Well, there are infections that affect people of a certain age group. 51. Michael: -I have finally decided to quit smoking while I still have my health. Dorothy: -Good for you! It’s hard to believe that cigarette smoking, which is banned inside most places now for health reasons, used to be encouraged by the government. Michael: -You must be joking! Dorothy: -----A) You know I never joke about social problems and the situation of the poor. There’s nothing funny about people going hungry. B) Smoking has been proven to greatly increase the likelihood of later getting lung cancer, heart disease, and several other terrible conditions. C) No, I’m serious. In wartime, the generals told the government they needed “tobacco as much as bullets,” and the government happily sent both. D) Yes, actually. Do you want to hear even funnier jokes? I know one about two nurses who worked in a children’s hospital. E) The harmful effects of passive smoking on people who are not themselves smokers are only now becoming known by the general public. A 2009-ÜDS Sonbahar /İNG-Sağ. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 29 52. – 56. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü bozan cümleyi bulunuz. 52. (I) The coming convergence of biology and engineering will be led by information technologies, which in medicine means the digitization of medical records and the establishment of an intelligent network for sharing those records. (II) That essential reform will enable many other big technological changes to be introduced throughout the health-care sector. (III) Just as important, it can make personal medical information available to the patients too, enabling them to make decisions related to their own health. (IV) Technology in general is advancing so quickly that many people believe it will improve the quality of life significantly. (V) However, many doctors, and some patients, believe that patients lack the knowledge to make informed decisions about their own health. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V 53. (I) One of the drawbacks of drugs in general is that they have a variety of adverse side effects. (II) Treatment of vertigo can be divided into three general categories: specific, symptomatic, and rehabilitive. (III) In the first category are included antibiotics, anticoagulants, and surgery. (IV) In fact, many different classes of drugs have been found to have antivertiginous properties. (V) However, all of these drugs can cause metabolic complications, so the decision on which drug or combination to use is based on their known properties and on the severity and duration of the vertigo. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V 54. (I) Sutures have a long and bizarre history, dating back to ancient Egypt, where everything from tree bark to hair was used to stitch human flesh back together again. (II) In Egypt’s wars with its neighbours, unknown numbers of young men were wounded while fighting. (III) Fifty years ago, a soldier injured on the battlefield would have been sewn up by medics using sheep’s gut. (IV) A hundred years earlier, they would have used silk; before that, metal wire. (V) Today, surgeons often prefer plastics such as polypropylene. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V 55. (I) The government of Botswana, knowing that up to a third of its population had HIV or AIDS, announced in 2001 that it would offer free antiretroviral treatment to every citizen with AIDS. (II) It was a major medical step forward for sub-Saharan Africa. (III) By the time the HIV drugs had hit the shelves, just about everybody in Botswana knew of it. (IV) And yet, on the last day of 2003, more than two years after the launch of the programme, only about 15,000 people had come forward for treatment. (V) Due to widespread starvation and disease, the African continent will always be a risky place to raise children. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V 56. (I) Some pathogens are spread from one person to another by direct contact. (II) They leave the first person through body openings, mucous membranes, and skin wounds, and they enter the second person through similar channels. (III) Many pathogens that once meant certain death for people are now dealt with easily by wide-spectrum antibiotics. (IV) Other pathogens involve an intermediary carrier, such as an insect. (V) The malarial parasite, for example, spends part of its life cycle in mosquitoes, then enters a person's bloodstream when the mosquito bites the person. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V A 2009-ÜDS Sonbahar /İNG-Sağ. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 30 57. – 60. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız. The brain’s capacity for finding new informationproceessin pathways is thought to explain the success of artificial cochleas, which have been implanted in the ears of approximately 100,000 hearing-impaired people around the world. They typically have an array of electrodes, each of which channels electrical signals toward the auditory nerve. The electrodes can stimulate not just a single neuron in the brain but many simultaneously. When cochlear implants first appeared in the 1980s, many neuroscientists expected them to work poorly, given their primitive design. But the devices work well enough for some deaf people to converse over the telephone, particularly after an adjustment period during which channel settings are fine-tuned to provide the best reception. Patients’ brains somehow figure out how to make the most out of the strange signals. The surprising effectiveness of artificial cochleas – together with other evidence of the brain’s adaptability – has fuelled optimism about the prospects for brain/machine substitution. A case in point is an ongoing project at the University of Southern California that seeks to create implantable brain chips that can restore or enhance memory. 57. The passage makes clear that cochlear implants ----. A) have helped many people with hearing difficulty to hear better B) were enthusiastically approved by neuroscienntist when they were introduced C) can only be used with a specially fine-tuned telephone D) will in the future be inserted into the brains of patients E) weaken the brain’s ability to remember electrical signals 58. According to the passage, artificial cochleas have enabled certain deaf people to ----. A) understand the purpose of strange signals B) conduct telephone conversations C) look forward to future brain/machine cooperation D) stimulate the neurons in their brains E) hear just as well as normal people 59. We see from the passage that implantable brain chips ----. A) are now in use at the University of Southern California B) have already managed to improve people’s memories C) have already been developed to improve the quality of hearing D) represent the latest generation of telecommuniication technology E) may be developed in the future to strengthen memory 60. It is suggested in the passage that the human brain ----. A) needs to be adjusted before deaf people can hear with the implants B) has a history of entering into relationships with some machines C) consists exclusively of neurons dedicated to the sense of hearing D) is capable of creating new ways of processing information E) always needs to be supported by artificial cochleas A 2009-ÜDS Sonbahar /İNG-Sağ. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 31 61. – 64. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız. By six months of age, the infant’s capacity to digest and absorb a variety of dietary components as well as to metabolize and excrete the resulting products is near the capacity of the adult. Consideration of the long-term effects of inadequate or excessive intakes during infancy now assumes greater importance. These considerations about delivery of adequate amounts of nutrients are the basis for many of the feeding practices advocated during the second six months of life. Although it is clear that all nutrient needs during this period can be met with reasonable amounts of currently available infant formulas, addition of other foods after four to six months of age is recommended. In contrast, the volume of milk produced by many women may not be adequate to meet all nutrient needs of the breast-fed infant beyond about six months of age, especially iron. Thus, for breast-fed infants, complementary foods are an important source of nutrients. Complementary foods (i.e., the additional foods, including formulas, given to the breast-fed infant) or replacement foods (i.e., food other than formula given to formula-fed infants) should be introduced step by step to both breast-fed and formula-fed infants, beginning between four and six months of age. 61. We see from the passage that breast feeding an infant older than six months of age ----. A) carries the possible risk of leaving the child short of needed nutrients B) must be replaced altogether by other nutrients C) is much better than trying to replace it with formula D) meets all the prescribed nutritional requirements of the child E) has a long-term effect on inadequate or excessive intake of food 62. It is pointed out in the passage that infant formulas given in a child’s first year ----. A) bring the digestive efficiency of the infant almost up to the level of an adult B) should never be combined with replacement foods C) must not be a cause of concern to mothers who are still breast feeding D) will interfere with the effectiveness of complementary foods E) are a reliable way to provide needed nutrition after the first six months of life 63. According to the passage, six months is the age ----. A) from which all future meals until adulthood are decided on B) when the greater importance of infancy becomes clear C) in which any kind of replacement food is discontinued D) when the addition of other foods to the baby’s diet is recommended E) when breast feeding should be stopped 64. The passage states that complementary foods ----. A) are chosen according to how well they match the formula being given B) should be mixed with formulas before being fed to infants C) must completely replace the mother’s breast milk in the diet D) should only be given when a mother’s milk lacks the necessary iron E) are best added to an infant’s diet gradually A 2009-ÜDS Sonbahar /İNG-Sağ. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 32 65. – 68. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız. Following the growth of biological knowledge in the past few decades, a few researchers now believe extension of the human lifespan might be within reach. Why do organisms – people included – age in the first place? Like machines, people wear out. However, a machine can usually be repaired. A good mechanic with a stock of spare parts can keep it going indefinitely, to the point where no part of the original remains. The question arises, of course, of whether the machine is worth repairing. It is here that people and nature disagree. From the individual’s point of view, survival is a must. You cannot reproduce unless you are alive. Since ageing is a sure way of dying, it is no surprise that people want to stop it from advancing. Moreover, even the appearance of ageing can be harmful. It reduces the range of potential partners who find you attractive – since it is a sign that you are not going to be around for a very long time to help bring up the baby – and this, in turn, restricts your ability to reproduce. There is a paradox, however: the individual’s evolved desire not to age is opposed by another evolutionary force, the disposable soma. The soma is all of a body’s cells apart from the sex cells. Its role is to get the sex cells, and thus the organism’s genes, into the next generation. But evolutionary logic seems to require the soma to age and die in order for a species to continue. There is thus a premium on reproducing early rather than conserving resources for a future that may never come. 65. As we can infer from the passage, nature tends to ----. A) question whether human bodies can be repaired B) favour shorter lifespans for living creatures C) limit the number of partners a person can find D) make people look old before they become old E) oppose the evolutionary force of soma 66. It can be understood from the passage that some researchers ----. A) are trying to extend their own lives to the maximum B) are unsure if extending the human lifespan is worth doing C) now think it may be possible to help people to live longer D) are preparing a large supply of spare parts to help people live indefinitely E) have the goal of making people like machines 67. The passage indicates that the purpose of the soma is to ----. A) oppose a person’s desire not to become old B) transmit genes to one’s child or children C) separate itself from the organism’s sex cells D) persuade the organism to reproduce earlier E) prefer to conserve the organism’s resources 68. According to the passage, just appearing aged without actually being so ----. A) harms the community of potential partners B) means you will think fewer people are attractive C) shows your real attitude towards babies D) affects your body’s ability to reproduce E) makes it more difficult to have a baby A 2009-ÜDS Sonbahar /İNG-Sağ. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 33 69. – 72. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız. Individual “banks” of immune cells taken from pigs might one day be used to boost our own immune systems or to fight HIV and cancer. Our immune system’s T-cells, which play a key role in fighting off diseases, are sharpened during childhood to attack particular pathogens after encountering them. This flexibility diminishes after a child reaches young adulthood, but researchers at a US university have come up with a way to revive it. According to them, if a human’s immune cells are transferred into a young pig, they could be brought up to maximum effectiveness (as in a child’s body), then implanted back into the person they came from. The research team has already had success with experiments where human stem cells were injected into developing pig foetuses; when the piglets were born, the injected cells had multiplied and matured into a diverse range of human T-cells, alongside the pig’s own immune cells, that were shown to be fully functional. The chief researcher envisions this approach eventually being used to make human cells that fight specific diseases. The necessary technology is available now to introduce the technique widely, provided that regulatory authorities can be convinced that it can be safely tested in humans. However, the fear is that dormant pig viruses buried in their DNA could be spread to humans. Another potential danger is that humanderrive cells might pick up surface molecules from the pig. This could make the transferred cells themselves targets for immune destruction. The pigs might also produce too few human cells to fight disease. 69. We can understand from the passage that regulatory authorities ----. A) are concerned that using pigs to grow human immune cells might be harmful B) should first convince the researchers to safely test the technique against specific diseases C) are responsible for protecting the health of baby pigs implanted with human cells D) are most afraid of the possibility of the pigs’ inability to produce enough human immune cells E) have been working closely with the researchers to ensure the experiments were done correctly 70. The passage points out that a human’s immune system ----. A) grows gradually stronger as he or she gets older B) is exactly the same as a pig’s C) functions at peak levels during childhood D) eventually declines to zero in old age E) consists of many copies of one kind of T-cell 71. According to the passage, the research team’s experiments demonstrated that ----. A) humans’ immune systems diminish in power after childhood B) immune cells that had been grown in pigs could fight HIV and cancer C) human T-cells need to be alongside pig immune cells to be fully functional D) piglets that were injected with human stem cells soon produced a variety of human T-cells E) pig foetuses could be made to produce human T-cells 72. The passage suggests that the implantation of pig-boosted T-cells back into the original human donor ----. A) has not been attempted yet by the researchers B) was successful in restoring the person’s immune system to childhood levels C) resulted in a new immune system for him or her that was capable of fighting specific diseases D) was stopped by the researchers’ discovery of a dormant pig virus in the DNA E) was refused by him or her out of fear of the possible dangers it might bring A 2009-ÜDS Sonbahar /İNG-Sağ. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 34 73. – 76. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız. Asthma is a life-threatening, allergy-driven lung disease common in wealthy countries. But exactly what causes it is unknown. Researchers at Washington University believe the direct cause of asthma is a chemical distress signal produced in skin that is damaged by another hazard of modern life: eczema. Unlike asthma, it is not dangerous, so people rarely worry about it. Nevertheless, 17% of children in America have it, and similarly high figures are found in Australia, Britain, and New Zealand. What is particularly intriguing is that many people with eczema go on to develop asthma (in America, the figure is 70%). That compares with an asthma prevalence of 4-8% in the general population. The Washington University group theorizes that the link between the two conditions is formed by thymic stromal lympho-poietin (TSLP), a signalling molecule secreted by damaged skin cells that elicits a strong immune response from the body to fight off invaders. Thus, eczema-induced TSLP enters the bloodstream and, when it arrives at the lungs, sensitizes them so that they react to allergens that would not previously have bothered them. In other words, they become asthmatic. Several experiments carried out by the researchers, only on mice, have confirmed that skin damage creates susceptibility to asthma by releasing TSLP. 73. It is clear from the passage that a causative relationship between skin damage and asthma ----. A) has been proven only in English-speaking countries B) would mean that allergens would no longer play a role in asthma attacks C) has been established in mice but not yet in human beings D) means over-exposure to the sun may hurt the lungs E) does not provide immunity to sufferers of both conditions 74. The passage points out that the prevalence of eczema among children in America ----. A) is related to their distress levels B) is much higher than it is in other Englishspeaakin countries C) may be due to people’s failure to worry about it D) results from the abundance of TSLP in that country E) is much higher than that of asthma in the general population 75. According to the passage, Washington University researchers ----. A) have been harshly criticized by their colleagues around the world B) are strongly of the opinion that there is a link between eczema and asthma C) feel that they still have to carry out new experiments as regards asthma D) have already come up with a set of solutions to reduce the rate of eczema among American children E) have collaborated with their British, Australian and New Zealander colleagues to study eczema and asthma 76. It is clearly pointed out in the passage that asthma ----. A) is most widespread in countries with prosperous populations B) always causes serious damage in the lungs, which try to fight it off C) has only recently become a serious concern among researchers in English-speaking countries D) causes a great deal of TSLP secretion in the body, which leads to skin-allergy E) is generally ignored among the people who are not wealthy enough to seek medical aid A 2009-ÜDS Sonbahar /İNG-Sağ. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. 35 77. – 80. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız. Patients are admitted to critical care units from a variety of settings, including the emergency department, medical or surgical service, or operating room. Most critical care patients are acutely and severely ill, commonly with dysfunction or failure of more than one organ system. The initial assessment must be rapid and focus on real or potentially lifethreaatenin processes that require immediate intervention. An example is the resuscitation of a patient with cardiopulmonary arrest. The pace of resuscitation is necessarily quick; physical examination may be restricted initially to the central nervous, cardiovascular, and respiratory systems, and interventions may be limited to the essential ABCs of airway, breathing, and circulation. Later, continuous electrocardiographic monitoring, measurement of blood pressure, and other standard procedures should start. In general, management of the critically ill patient should be based on an understanding of physiology and pathophysiology. Indeed, although the contributions of cell and molecular biology to critical care medicine are substantial, the critical care unit more resembles a physiology laboratory, since the effects of its interventions can be directly observed. 77. The passage explains that initial assessment in the critical care unit ----. A) aims to resuscitate patients with cardiopulmmonar arrest B) is only done for patients who are suffering from various diseases C) can itself become a life-threatening process if the ABCs are not limited D) must be immediate and centre on saving life E) determines the ultimate survival of patients suffering from heart disease 78. We learn from the passage that critical care medicine ----. A) rests primarily on the underlying disciplines of physiology and pathophysiology B) has received the greatest amount of support from emergency departments C) often must be based within an actual physiology laboratory D) revolves around the essential ABCs of airway, breathing, and circulation E) is necessarily concerned with the pace of resuscitation in cardiopulmonary arrest 79. According to the passage, standard procedures in a critical care unit ----. A) must be carried out as soon as a patient is admitted B) are primarily restricted to patients with cardiopulmmonar arrest C) can begin only after the immediate initial assessment has been completed D) should never be limited even though the patient is receiving immediate intervention E) should be clearly defined before the patient’s case is fully specified 80. The passage states that critical care units ----. A) only deal with patients having multi-organ dysfunction or failure B) specialize in resuscitating those with cardiopulmmonar arrest C) take into consideration the principles of physiology when accepting patients D) have benefited financially from cell and molecular biology institutions E) accept patients from several different areas within a hospital TEST BİTTİ. CEVAPLARINIZI KONTROL EDİNİZ. ÜNİVERSİTELERARASI KURUL YABANCI DİL SINAVI (ÜDS) 4 EKİM 2009 İNGİLİZCE SAĞLIK BİLİMLERİ TESTİ CEVAP ANAHTARI A KİTAPÇIĞI 1. C 2. E 3. B 4. D 5. A 6. B 7. E 8. C 9. D 10. A 11. E 12. D 13. C 14. B 15. D 16. B 17. E 18. A 19. B 20. C 21. A 22. E 23. C 24. D 25. E 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. A 30. E 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. A 35. C 36. A 37. D 38. B 39. D 40. E 41. C 42. E 43. A 44. D 45. E 46. B 47. C 48. D 49. E 50. A 51. C 52. D 53. A 54. B 55. E 56. C 57. A 58. B 59. E 60. D 61. A 62. E 63. D 64. E 65. B 66. C 67. B 68. E 69. A 70. C 71. E 72. A 73. C 74. E 75. B 76. A 77. D 78. A 79. C 80. E A ÜNİVERSİTELERARASI KURUL YABANCI DİL SINAVI (İLKBAHAR DÖNEMİ) İNGİLİZCE 21 Mart 2010 G E N E L A Ç I K L A M A ADI SOYADI T.C. KİMLİK NUMARASI SALON NUMARASI : ................................................. : ................................................. : ................................................. : ................................................. T.C. YÜKSEKÖĞRETİM KURULU ÖĞRENCİ SEÇME VE YERLEŞTİRME MERKEZİ Ö S Y M Bu testlerin her hakkı saklıdır. Hangi amaçla olursa olsun, testlerin tamamının veya bir kısmının Merkezimizin yazılı izni olmadan kopya edilmesi, fotoğrafının çekilmesi, herhangi bir yolla çoğaltılması, yayımlanması ya da kullanılması yasaktır. Bu yasağa uymayanlar gerekli cezai sorumluluğu ve testlerin hazırlanmasındaki mali külfeti peşinen kabullenmiş sayılır. 1. Bu soru kitapçığı Fen Bilimleri, Sağlık Bilimleri ve Sosyal Bilimler olmak üzere üç ayrı alandaki İngilizce testlerini içermektedir. Testlerin cevap anahtarları birbirinden farklıdır. Bu testlerden başvurunuza uygun olanını seçerek cevaplayınız. Bu testlerin başladıkları sayfalar şöyledir: Fen Bilimleri Testi 1 Sağlık Bilimleri Testi 18 Sosyal Bilimler Testi 37 2. Bu soru kitapçığının türü A’dır. Bunu cevap kâğıdınızdaak ilgili alana kodlayınız. Bu kodlamayı cevap kâğıdınıza yapmadığınız veyy yanlış yaptığınız takdirde, sınavınızın değerlendiriilmes mümkün değildir. 3. Bu test için verilen cevaplama süresi 180 dakikadır (3 saat). 4. Cevaplamaya istediğiniz sorudan başlayabilirsiniz. 5. Test kitapçığındaki her sorunun yalnızca bir doğru cevaab vardır. Bir soru için birden fazla cevap yeri işaretlenmmişs o soru yanlış cevaplanmış sayılacaktır. 6. Bu kitapçıktaki soruların cevapları, kitapçıkla birlikte verilen cevap kâğıdında ayrılmış olan yerlere, kurşun kalemle işaretlenecektir. Cevap kâğıdı buruşturulmayaccak üzerine gereksiz hiçbir işaret konulmayacaktır. 7. Bu sınavın değerlendirilmesi doğru cevap sayısı üzerinden yapılacak, yanlış cevaplar dikkate alınmayacaktır. Bu nedenle, her soruda size en doğru görünen cevabı işaretleyerek cevapsız soru bırakmamanız yararınıza olacaktır. 8. Sınavda uyulacak diğer kurallar bu kitapçığın arka kapağında belirtilmiştir. İNGİLİZCE SOSYAL BİLİMLER TESTİ 2010-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Sos. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. A 37 1. – 18. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerleer uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuuz 1. Schools are one of the most important ----of socialization on which peer groups and teachers have a major impact. A) degrees B) rules C) customs D) agents E) advances 2. Human childhood is a ----period of complex development during which a helpless infant becomes an adolescent. A) remarkable B) redundant C) progressive D) contemporary E) relevant 3. In Central Africa, the rains are ----abundant in the southern regions, but they are reduced to a single very short period in the central zone and disappear almost completely in the extreme north. A) reluctantly B) appropriately C) scarcely D) solely E) relatively 4. Although China has, in recent years, made notable advances, particularly in manufacturing, agriculture will long ----fundamental to the economy. A) produce B) differ C) extend D) remain E) resist 5. After the first book on chess was printed in England in 1475, the game ----a more modern form in Europe, especially after the rules of the game were changed. A) set off B) paid back C) took on D) came across E) ruled out 6. The Spanish Civil War ----when the Spanish army in Morocco, led by General Francisco Franco, rose up against the democratically elected Republican government. A) broke out B) fell off C) came along D) turned on E) blew up 2010-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Sos. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. A 38 7. The pride which everyone ----as they succeed in acquiring a new language should not make them any less proud of the native language they already ----. A) is feeling /had B) feels /have C) has felt /had had D) will feel /are having E) was feeling /would have 8. In some countries, girls who ----school risk becoming victims of acid attacks, which can permanently disfigure their faces and hands – the only parts of their bodies that ----in public. A) attend /may be exposed B) attended /might be exposed C) will attend /had been exposed D) are attending /were to be exposed E) had attended /are exposed 9. The history of science ----by a chain of advances in technology and knowledge that ----each other. A) had been marked /are always complementing B) has been marked /always complemented C) is marked /have always complemented D) is being marked /would always complement E) will have been marked /had always complemented 10. The potential dangers of global warming ----by a wide consortium of scientists, who ----about its long-term effects on the planet. A) had been studied /might be increasingly concerned B) have been studied /were increasingly concerned C) will have been studied /would be increasingly concerned D) are being studied /are increasingly concerned E) are studied /had been increasingly concerned 11. Although book reviews ----whether a given book ----, many works succeed commercially despite negative reviews. A) may determine /will be extensively sold B) are determining /is extensively sold C) determined /had extensively sold D) will determine /would have been extensively sold E) have determined /has been extensively sold 12. Swine flu is diagnosed clinically by means of the typical symptoms and the patient’s history ----association ----people known to have the disease. A) for /around B) from /of C) through /by D) on /in E) of /with 2010-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Sos. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. A 39 13. The people of rural Anatolia, who begin their preparations for winter as early as in May and June, continue right ----the end of October ----the collection, first, of firewood and then the preparation of foodstuffs. A) by /over B) at /for C) in /to D) to /with E) after /about 14. ----many people these days regularly use and rely on computers, many others do not even understand how the computer works. A) Though B) When C) Because D) In case E) If 15. The world faces a future of “water wars” ----action is taken to prevent international water shortages and sanitation issues escalating into conflicts. A) as long as B) whether C) since D) unless E) if 16. Parents normally do not have the fear that, in marrying their daughter or son, they are losing their child to someone else ----a son-in-law or daughter-in-law arrives. A) in case B) until C) as if D) so that E) whether 17. ----numerous reformist policies that have helped to improve the economic conditions in the country, the standard of living for the poor has improved very little. A) Despite B) Instead of C) In connection with D) According to E) As regards 18. A caricature is often a drawing or painting ----a person is ridiculed by the exaggeration or distortion of his most obvious characteristics. A) more than B) in place of C) by no means D) in which E) as much as 2010-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Sos. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. A 40 19. – 23. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada numaralaanmı yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz. A hundred years ago, some scientists claimed that (19)----studying a person’s face they could assess his or her mental ability and personal traits. While this practice (20)----, scientists today believe that physiognomy – the study of the face and facialexpreession ‒ can provide clues to understanding social relationships. The face, (21)----, is the most distinctive feature of the human body, uniquely functioning as (22)----an identity marker and a communication method. The human brain is (23)----suited to recognizing faces and facial expressions, even if it cannot always connect names and personal details to those faces. 19. A) at B) with C) by D) in E) over 20. A) has been discredited B) could have been discredited C) will be discredited D) should be discredited E) had been discredited 21. A) for example B) as a result C) otherwise D) after all E) in conclusion 22. A) either B) both C) also D) more E) such 23. A) particularly B) vaguely C) gradually D) recklessly E) redundantly 24. – 35. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz. 24. As the use of the Internet has developed and expanded in recent years, ----. A) reading printed books has the advantage of providing a unique source of learning B) movie watching used to be more convenient and entertaining C) the audience has engaged in the same activity D) fewer and fewer people have turned to reading as a source of entertainment E) the immediate emotional reaction is usually the correct one 25. Unless you have Turkish citizenship, ----. A) you cannot be regarded as a foreigner B) you can permanently reside and work C) you are obliged to vote in Turkish general elections D) you will be registered in Turkey as a voter after 18 years of age E) you will not be eligible to vote in the elections 26. Although it was once thought of as a luxury food, ----. A) today chocolate is consumed by everybody since it has become much cheaper B) steadily rising prices have resulted in increased chocolate production C) the presence of caffeine in cocoa powder gave chocolate a mildly stimulating action D) the basic cause of tooth decay is the excessive consumption of chocolate E) more people consume chocolate in the winter than in other seasons 2010-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Sos. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. A 41 27. When the plants are in flower, and you want to show them off at their best, ----. A) fertilizers are most useful to help a plant bloom B) be sure to protect your furniture by placing the plant pots on waterproof pads C) clean their leaves and trim off the brown tips with sharp scissors D) remove all the flowers by pulling them off E) they need more air circulation and daylight 28. Even though it was established in 1893 to display items from the World’s Columbia Exposition, ----. A) the official website has a section with information about local attractions and ethnic neighbourhoods B) the Field Museum has now become home to “Sue”, the most complete and best preserved dinosaur skeleton in the world C) printing, publishing, food processing and medical products help fuel the city’s economy D) the Globe Theatre will have become the only building of culture and entertainment in the city E) visitors and residents alike can take advantage of the live performances in the Royal Palace Gardens 29. Despite the fact that short-term interest rates have marched steadily upward since the early 2000s, ----. A) the result will be a sharp slowdown in consumer spending B) America’s overall inflation hit 4.7% in recent years C) the cost of a tank of petrol would have fallen dramatically D) they are still negative in real terms E) Americans have been able to borrow more and save even less 30. Psychological research has made it clear in recent years ----. A) if the goals of a whole generation of people were allowed to exceed their reach B) when each person will have been influenced by the cultural realities C) that to build hopes which cannot be realized is a sure way of creating frustration D) whether collective social goals would have been reasonable E) to what degree the expectations of people will have been realized 31. Facts and ideas brought in by total outsiders will tend to be rejected ----. A) because groups generally pursue their own reasoning B) as long as there are some values common to the conflicting parties C) when there is no reason to believe that this is a universal principle D) as individuals should be manipulated much in the same fashion as material things E) on condition that they lacked the time to acquire the discipline and form proper relationships 2010-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Sos. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. A 42 32. Pre-school programmes are an illustration of a carefully developed curriculum ----. A) that aims to recognize symptoms of old-age fatigue and to plan a balanced programme of activity B) which is based on the interests and needs of young children C) since they could have offered helpful advice to parents D) if children experience a growing urge to take part in adult discussions E) until children display substantial intellectual curiosity 33. It is asserted that human well-being can only be advanced ----. A) as if people had to be the architects of their own destiny B) before anyone even thought of building a better world C) as soon as governments exercised their just powers with the consent of the governed D) no matter how threatening some of the new technologies may be E) if there is an unrestricted play of free intelligence upon all problems 34. Puberty is probably the period of greatest resistance to adult authority ----. A) despite the fact that sensible rules for harmonious family living were helpful B) during which doctors felt that physical growth did not retard mental growth C) in order to establish a teacher-student relationship which provides security D) since, with some boys and girls, it takes the form of actual rebellion E) because this brings slight modifications in the daily routine 35. In democratic societies, everybody should have the right to express and advocate his own views, ----. A) so that the good life was made equally available to all persons B) since nowhere is courage better demonstrated than in a crisis situation C) in order that people become insensitive to violations of the law D) while they are few in number E) regardless of how unpopular they may be 2010-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Sos. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. A 43 36. – 38. sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümleye anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi bulunuz. 36. The game of golf, which is thought to have originated in the 15th century, has today become popular all over the world mostly as a means of socializing and prestige. A) 15. yüzyılda oynanmaya başlandığı düşünülen golf oyunu, özellikle sosyalleşme ve prestij sağladdığ için bugün dünyanın her tarafında tanınmakttadır B) 15. yüzyılda ortaya çıkmış olduğu düşünülen golf oyunu, çoğu kez sosyalleşme ve prestij aracı olarak bugün bütün dünyada yaygınlık kazanmış_tır C) Bugün tüm dünyada, tamamen sosyalleşme ve prestij için oynanan golf oyununun, 15. yüzyılda ortaya çıktığı düşünülmektedir. D) Golf oyununun, 15. yüzyılda başladığı ve bugün tüm dünyada genellikle sosyalleşmek ve prestij kazanmak için oynandığı düşünülmektedir. E) Öncelikle sosyalleşmek ve prestij elde etmek için dünyanın her yerinde oynanan golf oyununun, 15. yüzyılda ortaya çıktığı zannedilmektedir. 37. Astronomical observations began soon after 3000 B.C. with the early civilizations of Mesopotamia, where the patterns formed by stars in the galaxy were recognized and named. A) Astronomi gözlemleri, galakside yıldızlar tarafındda oluşturulan şekillerin tanındığı ve adlandırıldıığ Mezopotamya’nın ilk uygarlıkları ile M.Ö. 3000’den hemen sonra başlamıştır. B) Astronomi gözlemleri, Mezopotamya’daki ilk uygarlı1kları M.Ö. 3000 yıllarından sonra galakside yıldızlar tarafından oluşturulan şekilleri tanımaları ve adlandırmaları ile başlar. C) İlk astronomi gözlemleri, galakside yıldızlar tarafınnda oluşturulan şekilleri tanıyan ve adlandıran Mezopotamya’daki ilk uygarlıklar tarafından M.Ö. 3000 yılından sonra başlatılmıştır. D) Galakside yıldızlar tarafından oluşturulan şekilleri tanıyan ve adlandıran Mezopotamya’daki ilk uygarlııklar M.Ö. 3000 yılından hemen sonra astronoom gözlemlerini başlatmışlardır. E) Mezopotamya’daki ilk uygarlıklarda astronomi gözlemleri, galakside yıldızlar tarafından oluşturuula şekillerin tanınmaları ve adlandırılmaları ile M.Ö. 3000 yılından sonra başlar. 2010-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Sos. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. A 44 38. Many claim that eating a certain amount of honey every day lessens complaints of hay fever as it reduces the susceptibility to local pollens and creates a tolerance towards them. A) Birçok kişi, her gün belli bir miktar bal yemenin, etraftaki polenlere karşı hassasiyeti azaltarak direen sağladığını ve bu nedenle saman nezlesine ilişkin şikâyetlerin bazılarını hafiflettiğini iddia etmekttedir B) Pek çoğunun iddiasına göre, her gün belli bir miktar bal yemek, etraftaki polenlere karşı hassasiiyet azaltarak onlara karşı direnç sağlamaktt ve böylece saman nezlesi şikâyetlerini hafifletmekktedir C) Her gün belli bir miktar bal yemek, pek çok kişiye göre, etraftaki polenlere karşı hassasiyeti azalttığğ ve onlara karşı direnç sağladığı için, saman nezlesi şikâyetlerini hafifletmektedir. D) Pek çok kişi, etraftaki polenlere karşı hassasiyeti azalttığı ve onlara karşı direnç sağladığı için, her gün belli bir miktar bal yemenin, saman nezlesi şikâyetlerini hafiflettiğini iddia etmektedir. E) Çoğu insan, her gün belli bir miktar bal yemenin, saman nezlesi şikâyetlerini hafiflettiği için, etraftaak polenlere karşı hassasiyeti azalttığı ve onlarr karşı direnç sağladığını iddia etmektedir. 39. – 41. sorularda, verilen Türkçe cümleye anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi bulunuz. 39. 1700’lerde küçük bir kasaba olarak kurulmuş olan Sao Paulo, yüksek rakım ve verimli topraklar sayessind gelişen kahve üretimi nedeniyle, hızla büyümüǼştür A) Founded as a small town in the 1700s, Sao Paulo grew rapidly due to the production of coffee, which developed thanks to the high altitude and fertile soil. B) Due to the high altitude and fertile soil, coffee production developed so rapidly that Sao Paulo, which was a small town in the 1700s, became a big city. C) Although it was only a small town in the 1700s, Sao Paulo grew rapidly as a result of the coffee production in the fertile lands on the high altitude. D) No matter how small a town Sao Paulo was when it was established in the 1700s, it grew rapidly simply because of the high altitude and fertile soil which helped the production of coffee to develop. E) Sao Paulo, which was established as a small town in the 1700s, grew rapidly because of the high altitude and fertile soil that helped the coffee production develop. 2010-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Sos. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. A 45 40. Her biri farklı öykü anlatan kadın portreleri ile tanı1na Nuri İyem, Türkiye’nin olağanüstü yetenekli ressamlarından birisidir. A) As one of the extraordinarily talented painters in Turkey, Nuri İyem is renowned for his portraits of women who all tell unique stories. B) Nuri İyem, who is known for the women portraits, each of which has a different story, is one of the extraordinarily talented painters in Turkey. C) Nuri İyem, who is known for his portraits of women, each telling a different story, is one of Turkey’s extraordinarily talented painters. D) As an extraordinarily talented painter, Nuri İyem is a well-known Turkish artist, and the faces of the women he painted each seems to be telling us an individually unique story. E) Nuri İyem, well-known for his portraits of women who told him their personal stories, was one of the extraordinarily talented painters in Turkey. 41. İlk insanlar, ateşi keşfedip pişirmeyi öğreninceye kadar, beslenme ihtiyaçlarını sebze ve meyve gibi gıdaları tüketerek karşılamışlardır. A) Early human beings met their nutritional needs by eating vegetables and fruits before they discovered fire and learned cooking. B) Early human beings satisfied their hunger by consuming vegetables and fruits, at least until the discovery of fire and the learning of cooking. C) Vegetables and fruits were regarded to be the first food of early human beings until they discovered fire and learned cooking. D) Early human beings ate food consisting mainly of vegetables and fruits before the discovery of fire and the learning of cooking. E) Early human beings met their dietary needs by consuming foods such as vegetables and fruits until the time they discovered fire and learned cooking. 2010-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Sos. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. A 46 42. – 46. sorularda, boş bırakılan yere, parçadd anlam bütünlüğünü sağlamak için getirilebillece cümleyi bulunuz. 42. Intercultural communication in its most basic form refers to an academic field of study and research. It seeks to understand how people from different countries and cultures behave, communicate, and perceive the world around them. The theories developed by the researchers and academics can be and have been applied to many fields. ----Many multinational companies need to know how best to structure themselves, manage staff and communicate with customers. Intercultural communication gives them an insight into the areas they need to address or understand. A) Working in a company brings to the surface many issues in terms of formal writing styles, business procedures and the like. B) There are many respectable researchers and academics within the intercultural field, who naturally all have different definitions of “intercultural communication”. C) The leaders of today’s organizations and businesses need to continually assess their financial budgets and make necessary adjustments. D) Demands for intercultural communication skills are increasing as more and more businesses go global or international. E) The issue of diversity is now a matter of importance following changes in employment laws. 43. Legal translations are one of the trickiest translations known. A legal translation will always need specialist attention, for law is culture-dependent and requires a translator with an excellent understanding of both the source and target cultures. ----This is because there is no real margin for error; the mistranslation of a passage in a contract could, for example, have disastrous consequences. Therefore, the target text is to be read by someone who is familiar with another legal system and its language. A) Most translation agencies would always use a legal professional to undertake such work. B) Technical translations are usually more expensive than general translations as they contain a high amount of terminology. C) Some go as far as to say that legal translations are not really possible. D) Due to the continuing evolution of the translation industry, there are now certain terms used to define specialist translations. E) A common misconception is that anyone who can speak a second language will make a good translator of legal texts. 44. From its humble origins in Africa, coffee has become the second most heavily traded commodity in the world. It is planted in more than 10 million hectares spread over fifty countries, where more than 100 million people depend on it for their livelihoods. Even though there are more than 100 species of coffee, only coffea arabica and coffea canephora are commercially traded. ----A) The coffee plant can grow to a tree that is as much as 5 metres tall. B) It is commonly held that coffee from various regions has distinctive flavours. C) Coffee production is an ancient industry with an enormous amount of scientific research behind it. D) Yet, within these two species, there are numerous kinds that are said to provide different flavours and qualities. E) Coffee gives many people some much-needed stimulation to get going every morning. 2010-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Sos. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. A 47 45. Columbus’ arrival in the New World in 1492 was a disaster for the natives. ----With no resistance to new germs, tribes rapidly were exposed to unfamiliar illnesses after their first brief contact with Europeans. In many cases, the number of the natives was vastly reduced without anyone even firing a shot. Where the tribes developed a closer relationship with the new arrivals, they were frequently tricked, tormented, and massacred by their visitors. A) Known as Indians, they were good at mixing herbs to make natural medicines. B) They were most adversely affected by the Europeans. C) The Indian tribes became prominent in the story of North America as the Europeans spread westwards. D) They had natural immunity against most of the diseases. E) The colonists, consisting mainly of soldiers and traders, established an easy relationship with Indian tribes. 46. One great achievement of Greek literature is Herodotus’ writing of history. No one before him had consciously attempted to write about the past. ----The saga which inspired him to undertake anything so new and so difficult was the one which had overshadowed his own childhood and youth ‒ the clash between the Greeks and the Persians. A) This is the reason why he is rightly known as “the father of history”. B) That is why the earliest Greek philosophers were concerned chiefly with what we would call “science”. C) For this reason, Herodotus himself reported dubious information if it was interesting, sometimes adding his own opinion about its reliability. D) As a result, he became a major source of inspiration for poets and story-tellers. E) Because of this, he wrote his Histories in the Ionian dialect. 2010-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Sos. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. A 48 47. – 51. sorularda, karşılıklı konuşmanın boş bırakılan kısmını tamamlayabilecek ifadeyi bulunnuz 47. Lisa: -Maria is back from Austria, and she says she’s been overcome by the glitter of the famous Austrian crystals. Sally: -They are specially designed in order to maximize refraction, that is, the bending of light. Lisa: -How is this done? Sally: -----It constitutes 32% of the product. A) Producing different couture and home décor items. B) Crystal jewellery is perhaps the most exclusive item made out of Austrian crystals. C) With the help of additional lead. D) Well, some crystals radiate a rainbow spectrum through refraction. E) Coatings are applied in different ways to the Austrian crystals. 48. John: -Hello! I’m going to visit Buenos Aires. What’s the best way to get around the city for sightseeing? Travel Agent: -The subway is a useful means of public transport to help you get about. John: -----Travel Agent: -Well, it has a good coverage of most of the key tourist attractions, but you may have to change stations or lines. A) Can I travel to any part of the city by it? B) From a central station to the museums downtown? C) I have heard that the shuttle buses are usually very crowded. D) Is it cheaper to go by subway than by bus? E) Do you think it is safe to travel late at night? 49. Kevin: -Did you pass your final exams last semester? Richard: -Yes, just barely. I was sure I had failed at least in two of them. Kevin: -----Richard: -Actually, I was hanging out at my friends’. If I had failed, I would have deserved it. A) If you had studied harder, you would have passed them. B) I knew you would get the highest grades. Congratulations! C) So you will have to repeat these courses next semester. D) Do you mean that the questions were hard? E) But you stayed up so late studying throughout the week, didn’t you? 2010-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Sos. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. A 49 50. Maria: -What’s wrong with this raincoat? It’s on sale. You can buy it for your nephew’s birthday. Susan: -It’s too long. It would drag on the ground if he wore it. Maria: -----Susan: -Good idea! Besides, I can get it for any amount I want. A) Why don’t you try the electronics department? There is a variety of electronic games there. B) You’d better give up looking for a gift. Give him some money instead. C) If you wait until the last minute, you can’t find anything, of course. D) Yes, it would. Instead, I suggest you get him a gift card. Then he can buy whatever he wants. E) If I were you, I would ask him what he really wants. 51. Manager: -Bill, are you having a problem getting here? I noticed that you signed in quite late three times last week. Bill: -I’m so sorry, but I now live far from here, and the buses do not run frequently. Manager: -----Bill: -I didn’t know I set a bad example. I’ll try to be in office in time. A) If you show up late again, you’ll have to stay overtime. B) It may be so. Yet, your coming late has an adverse effect on other staff members. C) Everybody appreciates the way I run this workplace. D) You know, I don’t want to hear excuses. E) Other workers have always been quite understanding though. 2010-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Sos. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. A 50 52. – 56. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü bozan cümleyi bulunuz. 52. (I) According to the Chinese tradition, time has a cyclical movement that is divided over twelve periods, and each of these is represented by a zodiacal animal. (II) The belief in the zodiac sign means that you accept the fact that an individual born in the year of a particular animal has its traits. (III) Officially, however, China has adopted the Gregorian calendar, which is in use throughout the country. (IV) The ancient philosophers observed each of the zodiac animals in its natural environment and drew the characteristics displayed by animals. (V) Then they drew a similitude between human nature and those characteristics that were found in the zodiac animals. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V 53. (I) Man has always taken a keen interest in oceanographic studies. (II) Apart from fish and coral, with their colours and lifestyles, seashells are like jewels in the multi-coloured world beneath the waves. (III) Besides the familiar ones, there are thousands more or less known shells whose beauty would astound us. (IV) Out of over 100,000 shell varieties, some were used as currency in former times because of their pleasing colours and elegance. (V) Nowadays they are mostly used as decoration in our homes. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V 54. (I) Ideas or statements that may be false or exaggerated and that are used in order to gain support for a political leader, party, etc. are referred to as “propaganda”. (II) Propagandists emphasize the elements of information that support their position and de-emphasize or exclude those that do not. (III) In Germany, the Nazis censored information in the 1930s and incited hatred against the non-Nazis. (IV) Misleading statements and even lies may be used to create the desired effect in the public. (V) Lobbying, advertising, and missionary activity are all forms of propaganda, but the term is most commonly used in the political arena. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V 55. (I) In the early 1880s, George Nagelmackers, a young Belgian railway enthusiast, following the example of George Mortimer Pullman in Britain, began building luxury railway carriages for travel across continental Europe. (II) In 1881, Nagelmackers introduced the first restaurant car aboard a continental train. (III) On October 4, 1883, the first Orient-Express train service was inaugurated. (IV) The legendary train was at its heyday in the 1920s and 1930s when royalty, celebrities, courtesans and spies intermingled as they travelled across Europe, enjoying the train service’s elaborate meals and fine wines. (V) The most famous of them was Agatha Christie’s novel Murder on the Orient Express, in which her detective Hercule Poirot investigated the murder of a passenger. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V 56. (I) According to ancient Egyptian beliefs, having a well-preserved dead body was very important in order to ensure a blissful afterlife. (II) For this reason, one of the most elaborate burial customs that was practised by the Egyptians was the act of mummification; that is, the preservation of a dead body by using several substances. (III) After a few preliminary steps, the body would be thoroughly dried out by the heat of the sand which eliminated all fungi and bacteria from the body, thus making it immune to decay. (IV) Grave robbery has been very popular, because the dead were buried along with many valuable items. (V) However, it was reserved for the richest and most powerful in Egyptian society for the process was long and expensive. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V 2010-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Sos. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. A 51 57. – 60. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız. Several EU member states enjoy long-standing political and economic links with Latin America. In fact, it was in the 1960s and 1970s that the EU first began expanding its ties to the region through a series of diplomatic initiatives and agreements aimed at promoting democracy, addressing development issues, and boosting trade and investment. Moreover, the EU actively worked for peace in the troubled Central American region in the 1980s. In the meantime, the accession in 1986 of Spain and Portugal to the EU further strengthened region-toreggio ties. EU engagement in Latin America increased during the 1990s as a formal political dialogue was put in place to advance issues of common interest, including how the EU and Latin America together can act in concert with other nations and international organizations to address global issues and challenges. 57. According to the passage, the EU’s relations with Latin America ----. A) have developed so fast that a number of issues concerning the two regions can now be much easily resolved B) reached their most productive and mutually satisfactory stage before Spain and Portugal became EU members C) have followed a pattern of increasing cooperation between the two regions since the 1960s and 1970s D) could develop fruitfully only after Spain and Portugal joined the EU and began to establish links with various Latin American countries E) have caused much concern to other nations and international organizations which had already established profitable trade links with Latin America 58. It is clearly emphasized in the passage that one of the EU’s primary aims in establishing ties with Latin America was to ----. A) encourage Latin American investors to play a major role in the European economy B) promote peace and security throughout the region C) have the support of the Latin American countries in dealing with other nations D) contribute to the development of democracy in the region E) expand its diplomatic activities in each country of the region 59. In the passage, attention is drawn to the fact that ----. A) the EU plays a constructive part in the development of trade between Latin America and other countries in the world B) the Latin American countries would face serious difficulties in their relations with other nations if they did not cooperate with the EU C) a formal political dialogue between the EU and Latin America would in fact have been developed well before the EU membership of Spain and Portugal D) the growth of trade between the EU states and the Latin American countries reached a record level in the 1980s E) the political and economic ties between Latin America and a number of EU member states have a long historical past 60. In the passage, the author describes ----. A) how the relations between the EU and Latin America have developed over several decades B) why the Latin American countries needed the support of the EU in order to solve their regional problems C) to what extent the Latin American economy was improved through EU investments D) in what ways the EU member states benefited from their political and economic links with Latin America E) the global issues and challenges that immediately concerned the EU states and the Latin American countries 2010-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Sos. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. A 52 61. – 64. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız. For the past 300 years, musicians and scientists have puzzled over the unparalleled quality of classical Cremonese violins made by the Italian master Antonio Stradivari. These classical violins have become the benchmark against which the sound of all other violins is compared. There are many theories as to the “secret” of Stradivarius violins. What was obviously first explored was the exact size of the violins and ratio of the parts to each other. Although instrument makers have disassembled their violins, calibrated every dimension of the pieces to within the hundredth of an inch, and replicated the measurements perfectly in new instruments, they have failed to duplicate the Stradivarius magic. It is also well-known that the density of the material through which a sound propagates influences significantly the vibration efficiency of the material, therefore the tonal qualities of the instrument. It is also a widely held belief that Stradivari’s well-guarded varnish formula was not just a protective coating of the instrument, but actually the most important secret to his violins. 61. It is stressed in the passage that ----. A) the real secret to Stradivarius violins has later been revealed to be the varnish formula B) what actually makes Stradivarius violins unique is still a mystery C) the high quality of Stradivarius violins has only been successfully copied after 300 years D) the basic reason for the Stradivarius quality was the density of the material used E) if contemporary instrument makers were able to duplicate the exact ratio of the Stradivarius violin, they would produce its equal in the quality of sound 62. We understand from the passage that ----. A) Antonio Stradivari was distinguished as a skilful violin player B) Antonio Stradivari failed to achieve the quality of classical Cremonese violins C) the exact size of Stradivarius violins was reproduced only after 300 years D) it has been a professional challenge to understand the nature of Stradivarius violins E) some violin makers have claimed to have discovered the “secret” of Stradivarius violins 63. It is clearly pointed out in the passage that the quality of Stradivarius violins ----. A) has been measured according to the standards specified almost 300 years ago B) has only been equalled in very recent times C) is a criterion by which the quality of sound of all violins is measured D) is by no means a standard one E) is rarely appreciated except by those who play a violin 64. According to the passage, there is a close relationship between ----. A) the density of the material of a violin and the tonal quality B) the protective coating of a violin and the vibration efficiency C) the exact size of the violin and the instrument maker D) the value of a Stradivarius violin and the material it is made of E) Cremonese violins and all other violins 2010-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Sos. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. A 53 65. – 68. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız. A company’s public relations officer is responsible for creating and maintaining relationships between clients and customers. Through areas such as brand management, advertising, media relations and crisis management, public relations officers seek to foster interest, trust and belief in the company and its products. They are aware of how best to carry this out when dealing within their own nations and cultures. However, when dealing with a foreign audience, it is critical that cross-cultural differences are recognized. By way of illustrating the impact cross-cultural awareness can have on the success or failure of a public relations campaign, a brief example can be cited: an American company tried to sell its toothpaste in Southeast Asia by emphasizing that it “whitens your teeth”. They found out that the local natives chew betel nuts to blacken their teeth because they found it attractive. 65. It is understood from the passage that the activity of public relations ----. A) is especially necessary when dealing with local natives B) is threatened particularly during an economic crisis C) has only gained importance in recent years D) needs face-to-face communication training E) involves multi-directional activities 66. We can infer from the passage that public relations officers ----. A) had better aim at a foreign audience instead of at a domestic one B) need to consider the effects of advertising on brand management C) knew why Southeast Asian local people were so strange D) need to understand fully the cultural characteristics of their own people as well as of other peoples E) are only employed by a few companies 67. We can understand from the passage that the failure of the toothpaste campaign in Southeast Asia could have been avoided if ----. A) the public relations officers had considered the importance of a toothpaste B) the media had been more influential on people C) the company had analyzed the cross-cultural issues D) the company had not gone through a crisis E) the customers had been more responsible 68. From the passage, we learn that ----. A) Asian people never use foreign brand toothpastes B) in some cases, local culture can be far more effective on marketing C) the best way to naturally whiten teeth is to chew betel nuts D) recognizing cultural differences can easily lead to failure E) public relations campaigns generally prove to be useless 2010-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Sos. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. A 54 69. – 72. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız. The Agta Negritos of the Philippines, a present-day tribal people, are an example of a culture whose women and men share all subsistence activities. Most interestingly, the Agta Negritos women hunt large game with bows, arrows, and hunting dogs. The women are prevented from hunting only during late pregnancy and the first few months after giving birth. Teenagers and women with older children are the most frequent hunters. The women space their children to allow for maximum mobility. They keep their birth rate down through the use of herbal contraceptives. By studying these ethnographic examples and by questioning the assumptions that have been made about female and male roles in prehistory, anthropologists have concluded that Western society’s traditionally low view of women’s status is by no means universal. 69. We can infer from the passage that among the Agta people, ----. A) gender roles are unlike those in the West B) women cannot compete in hunting with men C) women’s status is superior to men’s D) women do not hunt after giving birth E) male and female roles are completely separated 70. The passage indicates that ----. A) in the Agta tribes there is nothing more important than having children B) the Agta teenagers are brought up with Western values C) the Agta tribes keep to the prehistoric male and female roles D) the Agta people are aware of birth control E) the Agta women have learned how to use modern hunting tools 71. It is understood from the passage that ----. A) when a woman has advanced pregnancy, she has to give up her hunting activities B) the mothers are in control of the activities of their children C) women who give birth are expected to devote themselves to their children D) children can go hunting with their mothers even when they are babies E) anthropologists are very concerned about the Agta men’s treatment of their women 72. According to the passage, ----. A) there is a great similarity between the Western and Agta perceptions of women’s social status B) the hunting skill is the basic criterion that distinguishes men from women C) hunting tools can be interpreted as symbols of male power D) ethnographers’ assumptions on prehistoric gender roles are correct E) the Western gender concept conflicts with the Agta people’s view about male and female roles 2010-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Sos. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. A 55 73. – 76. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız. Satellite images of the upper Amazon Basin in Brazil taken since 1999 have revealed hundreds of circles, squares, and other geometric shapes once hidden by the Amazon rain forests. They hint at a previously unknown ancient society that flourished in the Amazon. Now researchers estimate that nearly ten times as many such structures, of unknown purpose, may exist undetected under the Amazon forest cover. The discovery adds to evidence that the hinterlands of the Amazon once teemed with complex societies, which were largely wiped out by diseases brought to South America by European colonists in the 15th and 16th centuries. Since these vanished societies had gone unrecorded, earlier research had suggested that soils in the upper Amazon were too poor to support the extensive agriculture needed for such large, permanent settlements. The researchers say “We found that this view is wrong, and there is a lot more to discover in these places”. 73. According to the passage, the new discovery ----. A) has strengthened the already known facts about the upper Amazon Basin B) is too poor to become an evidence for the ancient Amazon society C) has proved that the satellite pictures were misleading D) has falsified the previous assumptions about the land E) indicates the fact that the upper Amazon Basin was made of geometric shapes 74. From the passage, we can infer that ----. A) pictures taken by satellites can provide scientists with valuable new data B) there is no longer any reason to further investigate the upper Amazon Basin C) the ancient Amazon people lived in extreme isolation from the outer world D) researchers can learn a lot from the written historical data relating to the region E) the geometric shapes should not be taken too seriously 75. It is clearly understood from the passage that the ancient Amazon people ----. A) killed large numbers of would-be colonists B) had no resistance to new diseases C) hid themselves in the Amazon rain forest D) led a very simple life and lived as separate tribes E) are the ancestors of the present-day inhabitants of the region 76. As can be understood from the passage, the researchers now tend to think that ----. A) they have revealed almost everything about the region B) the natives had no idea about agriculture C) the colonists helped the natives become civilized D) the geometric shapes reveal something about the new industrial areas E) the land might have once been inhabited densely 2010-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Sos. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. A 56 77. – 80. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız. Following the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, Americans understandably rallied around the flag. Having just suffered the deadliest attack ever on the US soil, a great majority of the people believed another attack was imminent. But Americans also had enormous faith the “Global War on Terror” would help keep them safe. Just one month after 9/11, for instance, 94 per cent of Americans fully approved of how the fight against terrorism was being handled. The United States then quickly went to war in Afghanistan, closing down a terrorist camp and capturing or killing a number of high-level al Qaeda operatives in the process. However, since 2001, terrorists have found their targets on almost every continent, with bombings in Bali, London, Madrid, Istanbul, and elsewhere. Now Americans appear less convinced that their country is winning the war on terror. In the face of persisting threats, including a growing number of terrorist attacks around the world, numerous reports show that Americans are losing faith in their government’s ability to wage the war successfully and to protect them from the terrorists’ next major attack. 77. As pointed out in the passage, since terrorist attacks and threats have not ceased in the world, ----. A) the American government is convinced that some major cities in the country can be the targets of terrorist attacks B) the United States has stepped up its operations in Afghanistan in order to capture the al Qaeda operatives C) Americans are very concerned about the security and success of their forces in Afghanistan D) the American people hardly believe that the government will be able to win the war on terror E) it is admitted by all the governments that the socallle “Global War on Terror” will last indefinitely 78. According to the passage, the 9/11 terrorist attacks ----. A) could have been prevented if the al Qaeda operatives had been captured in time B) made the American people united as a nation and feel more patriotic C) were part of a series of terrorist acts planned in advance by the al Qaeda leaders D) demonstrated the fact that the United States was more vulnerable to terrorism than any other country in the world E) convinced the al Qaeda operatives that the United States would be an easy target in the future 79. It is stressed in the passage that, for the al Qaeda leaders, ----. A) any part of the world could be a target for their attacks B) the war in Afghanistan is causing much damage to their operatives C) their future attacks must focus on the American homeland D) more threats from them will turn the American people against their government E) their attacks on a number of cities, including Istanbul, were not effective at all 80. As can be clearly understood from the passage, in the aftermath of the 9/11 attacks, almost all the Americans ----. A) thought that America’s invasion of Afghanistan would be futile B) were disappointed with their government’s policies C) believed that their country was still the safest place in the world D) supported the way the war on terror was being carried out E) believed that the government would soon bring the war on terror to an end TEST BİTTİ. CEVAPLARINIZI KONTROL EDİNİZ. ÜNİVERSİTELERARASI KURUL YABANCI DİL SINAVI (ÜDS) 21 Mart 2010 İNGİLİZCE SOSYAL BİLİMLER TESTİ CEVAP ANAHTARI A KİTAPÇIĞI 1. D 2. A 3. E 4. D 5. C 6. A 7. B 8. A 9. C 10. D 11. A 12. E 13. D 14. A 15. D 16. B 17. A 18. D 19. C 20. A 21. D 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. E 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. D 30. C 31. A 32. B 33. E 34. D 35. E 36. B 37. A 38. D 39. A 40. C 41. E 42. D 43. A 44. D 45. B 46. A 47. C 48. A 49. E 50. D 51. B 52. C 53. A 54. C 55. E 56. D 57. C 58. D 59. E 60. A 61. B 62. D 63. C 64. A 65. E 66. D 67. C 68. B 69. A 70. D 71. A 72. E 73. D 74. A 75. B 76. E 77. D 78. B 79. A 80. D A ÜNİVERSİTELERARASI KURUL YABANCI DİL SINAVI (İLKBAHAR DÖNEMİ) İNGİLİZCE 21 Mart 2010 G E N E L A Ç I K L A M A ADI SOYADI T.C. KİMLİK NUMARASI SALON NUMARASI : ................................................. : ................................................. : ................................................. : ................................................. T.C. YÜKSEKÖĞRETİM KURULU ÖĞRENCİ SEÇME VE YERLEŞTİRME MERKEZİ Ö S Y M Bu testlerin her hakkı saklıdır. Hangi amaçla olursa olsun, testlerin tamamının veya bir kısmının Merkezimizin yazılı izni olmadan kopya edilmesi, fotoğrafının çekilmesi, herhangi bir yolla çoğaltılması, yayımlanması ya da kullanılması yasaktır. Bu yasağa uymayanlar gerekli cezai sorumluluğu ve testlerin hazırlanmasındaki mali külfeti peşinen kabullenmiş sayılır. 1. Bu soru kitapçığı Fen Bilimleri, Sağlık Bilimleri ve Sosyal Bilimler olmak üzere üç ayrı alandaki İngilizce testlerini içermektedir. Testlerin cevap anahtarları birbirinden farklıdır. Bu testlerden başvurunuza uygun olanını seçerek cevaplayınız. Bu testlerin başladıkları sayfalar şöyledir: Fen Bilimleri Testi 1 Sağlık Bilimleri Testi 18 Sosyal Bilimler Testi 37 2. Bu soru kitapçığının türü A’dır. Bunu cevap kâğıdınızdaak ilgili alana kodlayınız. Bu kodlamayı cevap kâğıdınıza yapmadığınız veyy yanlış yaptığınız takdirde, sınavınızın değerlendiriilmes mümkün değildir. 3. Bu test için verilen cevaplama süresi 180 dakikadır (3 saat). 4. Cevaplamaya istediğiniz sorudan başlayabilirsiniz. 5. Test kitapçığındaki her sorunun yalnızca bir doğru cevaab vardır. Bir soru için birden fazla cevap yeri işaretlenmmişs o soru yanlış cevaplanmış sayılacaktır. 6. Bu kitapçıktaki soruların cevapları, kitapçıkla birlikte verilen cevap kâğıdında ayrılmış olan yerlere, kurşun kalemle işaretlenecektir. Cevap kâğıdı buruşturulmayaccak üzerine gereksiz hiçbir işaret konulmayacaktır. 7. Bu sınavın değerlendirilmesi doğru cevap sayısı üzerinden yapılacak, yanlış cevaplar dikkate alınmayacaktır. Bu nedenle, her soruda size en doğru görünen cevabı işaretleyerek cevapsız soru bırakmamanız yararınıza olacaktır. 8. Sınavda uyulacak diğer kurallar bu kitapçığın arka kapağında belirtilmiştir. İNGİLİZCE FEN BİLİMLERİ TESTİ 2010-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Fen Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. A 1 1. – 18. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerleer uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuuz 1. The ----of sunlight into electricity is possible through the use of solar panels. A) inversion B) conversion C) refinement D) rotation E) compression 2. Microorganisms are of ----value to the Earth’s ecology, disintegrating animal and plant remains and turning them into simpler substances. A) consecutive B) disputable C) controversial D) resistant E) incalculable 3. Cars, coal-generated electric power, and even cement factories ----affect the environment, causing many serious problems that threaten animal and plant life. A) adversely B) commercially C) conscientiously D) privately E) adequately 4. When two or more atoms ----, they form a molecule. A) depart B) eradicate C) combine D) correlate E) withdraw 5. A sardine monitoring system was ----in order to prevent over-fishing. A) found out B) set up C) put in D) taken place E) made over 6. His comments ----a very lively debate on the origin of ocean crust. A) put up with B) fell into C) handed over D) gave rise to E) figured out 7. Although human contamination of the Earth’s atmosphere ----long before the Industrial Revolution, air pollution ----a major problem until the 18th and 19th centuries. A) has existed /would not be B) would exist /had not been C) exists /has not been D) would have existed /would not have been E) existed /was not 8. If humans ----at the speed of light, it ----them about eight minutes to reach the Sun. A) have travelled /took B) could travel /would take C) travel /would have taken D) will travel /takes E) would travel /has taken 2010-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Fen Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. A 2 9. The average surface temperature of Earth ----roughly 15° centigrade, but over the last century, this average ----by about 0.6° centigrade. A) has been /was rising B) would be /rises C) used to be /would have risen D) had been /had risen E) is /has risen 10. Astronomy ----as the oldest science, going back thousands of years, and seems to have begun when primitive people ----objects and their movements in the sky. A) is to be regarded /notice B) was regarded /have noticed C) is regarded /noticed D) would be regarded /were noticing E) had been regarded /had noticed 11. According to some scientists, the global population, which currently ----at about 6 billion, ----13 billion by the year 2050. A) stands /will have surpassed B) will stand /will surpass C) stood /would surpass D) has stood /surpassed E) is standing /has surpassed 12. Since prehistoric times, man has recognized the influence ----heredity and has applied its principles ----the improvement of cultivated crops and domestic animals. A) with /off B) by /under C) on /from D) of /to E) at /within 13. The most useful geothermal resources are hot water and steam trapped in subsurface formations or reservoirs and having temperatures ranging ----80° ----350° centigrade. A) from /to B) between /of C) among /at D) within /over E) under /off 14. The Alps have been an area of transit trade since ancient times ----they offer important pathways between central and southern Europe. A) so that B) because C) as if D) whereas E) whether 2010-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Fen Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. A 3 15. ----ancient peoples in several parts of the world built pyramids, it was the Egyptians who constructed the tallest and most famous of them. A) Unless B) Now that C) Although D) Once E) As if 16. Aridisols are dry, desert-like soils that have low organic content ----are sparsely vegetated by drought-or salt-tolerant plants. A) so far as B) so that C) as D) so E) and 17. The remarkable feature of gases is ----they appear to have no structure at all. A) if B) that C) when D) why E) whether 18. ----populating both the inner and outer surfaces of the human body, microbes abound in the soil, the seas, and the air. A) According to B) As to C) In contrast to D) In addition to E) In order to 19. – 23. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada numaralaanmı yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz. Japan is home to almost half the world’s industrial robots. Only a few decades ago, when robots (19)----for the first time, they were used for less sophisticated tasks, (20)----humans were considered essential for manual precision tasks. This, however, changed with (21)----in robot technology. Today, robots are used in dirty, dangerous, and inaccessible tasks as well as in (22)----requiring precision. Today, robots are an indispensable part (23)----industrial Japan. 19. A) have been introduced B) had been introduced C) were introduced D) would have been introduced E) would be introduced 20. A) so long as B) whether C) in case D) while E) so that 21. A) advances B) conclusions C) destinations D) devices E) burdens 22. A) most B) those C) whose D) which E) them 23. A) for B) at C) in D) among E) of 2010-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Fen Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. A 4 24. – 35. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz. 24. Though its manufacture, sale, and servicing have become key elements of industrial economies, ----. A) the automobile changed the world during the 20th century, particularly in the United States and other industrialized nations B) the automobile has brought noise and air pollution, and car accidents rank among the leading causes of death and injury throughout the world C) automobiles are valued by size, style, number of doors, and intended use, and they take different names in accordance with their purpose D) the automobile is indispensable for mobility and job opportunities, offering a solution to the problem of unemployment in the early 20th century E) various systems supply the engine with fuel, cool it during operation, lubricate its moving parts, and remove the exhaust gases it creates 25. ----if it has erupted one or more times in history. A) All volcanoes are formed by the accumulation of magma B) Scientists try to predict volcanic eruptions by observing various events C) Volcanic eruptions can cause serious human, economic, and environmental catastrophes D) Some volcanic features on earth do not look like volcanoes E) Scientists generally consider a volcano active 26. Unless governments take action to control population growth, ----. A) a great majority of our environmental problems will be solved B) population control can be possible through strict policies C) the natural resources in the world will soon become insufficient D) sustainability policies were formulated by developed countries E) thousands starved to death in the poorer parts of the world 27. Since there is limited room in most deep sea exploration boats, ----. A) it has become increasingly easy to identify various marine species B) most marine biologists are trained to chase off sharks C) amateur divers are advised to carry extra oxygen tubes with them D) the coral reefs attract thousands of divers every year E) the divers on board have to use the available space efficiently 28. ----because they have been found to harm human health. A) Some forms of plastic used in bottles have been banned B) The use of plastics and other synthetic materials in medicine is on the rise C) Recyclable plastic bottles are widely used in food industry D) Certain types of plastic are more suitable for recycling than some others E) Researchers are trying to develop a new type of plastic good for the environment 29. While heavy drinking is known to reduce lifespan, ----. A) alcoholics develop a greater tolerance for alcohol B) alcoholism is becoming increasingly common in the modern world C) ethanol is the type of alcohol used in drinks like beer, wine, and brandy D) genetic, psychological, and social factors influence the development of alcoholism E) a moderate consumption of alcohol can reduce the risk of heart disease 2010-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Fen Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. A 5 30. Genetic information is encoded and transmitted from generation to generation in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), ----. A) but this process contributed to the great variation of traits that we see in nature B) which is a coiled molecule organized into structures called chromosomes C) now that members of the same species inherited different forms of a gene D) whereas some of these theories remained in favour for several decades E) whose offspring receive a mixture of genetic information from both parents 31. Robotics engineers are now producing robots that mimic the gestures of real people ----. A) which might be another form of body language B) when someone points towards himself C) as if communicating with others were easy D) as this makes them appear much more natural E) until other problems have been overcome 32. Air pollution results mainly from human activity, ----. A) but natural phenomena like volcanic eruptions also cause it B) though humans play a major role in the contamination of the environment C) in case there are a variety of pollutants causing it D) while it is a very common problem in many parts of the world E) since great progress has been made in methods to prevent it 33. Debates arise over which voting technology is the most accurate and least susceptible to tampering ----. A) that could easily have been prevented B) whenever national elections are held C) whether it is plausible for the majority or not D) until balloting security is jeopardized E) as if all votes have been counted 34. Coal burning is responsible for 40 per cent of the 30 billion tonnes of carbondioxide ----. A) though it poses a huge threat to most organisms B) as if it were one of the major factors causing global warming C) that is emitted by human activity every year D) since we are all aware of the dangers of climate change E) whereby plants and some animal species interact 35. Quantum theory is the most useful scientific theory ever devised, ----. A) since it is impossible to know everything about the world B) provided that theorists are perplexed by its equations C) even though understanding it could bring new scientific insights D) while physicists found evidence that a single photon of light was capable of being in two places at the same time E) whereas some scientists choose simply to ignore most of its uses 2010-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Fen Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. A 6 36. – 38. sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümleye anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi bulunuz. 36. Today’s scientists are able to generate genetically modified animals with new traits, such as the ability to resist disease, and they use cloning techniques to reproduce these genetically modified animals. A) Günümüzde, hastalıklara direnç göstermek gibi yeni özellikleri olan genetiği değiştirilmiş hayvanlla üretebilen bilim adamları, bu hayvanları klonlaam teknikleri kullanarak çoğaltabilmektedir. B) Günümüz bilim adamları, hastalıklara direnç gösteerm yeteneği gibi yeni özellikleri olan genetiği değiştirilmiş hayvanlar üretebilmekte ve bu genetiiğ değiştirilmiş hayvanları çoğaltmak için klonlamm teknikleri kullanmaktadırlar. C) Günümüz bilim adamlarının amacı, hastalıklara direnç göstermek gibi yeni özellikleri olan genetiğğ değiştirilmiş hayvanlar üretmek ve bu genetiği değiştirilmiş hayvanları çoğaltmak için klonlama teknikleri kullanmaktır. D) Günümüz bilim adamlarının, hastalıklara direnç göstermek gibi yeni özellikleri olan genetiği değiştiirilmi hayvanlar üretmenin yanı sıra, genetiği değiştirilmiş hayvanları klonlama teknikleri kullanaara çoğalttıkları bilinmektedir. E) Günümüz bilim adamları, gerek hastalıklara direen göstermek gibi yeni özellikleri olan hayvanlla üretebilmekte, gerekse genetiği değiştirilmiş diğer bazı hayvanları klonlama teknikleri kullanarra çoğaltabilmektedirler. 37. The ethanol in biofuels forms through the fermentation of starch and, in principle, any source of starch can be used for this purpose. A) Biyoyakıtlardaki etanol, nişastanın mayalanması1yl oluşur ve ilke olarak, herhangi bir nişasta kaynağı bu amaç için kullanılabilir. B) Biyoyakıtlardaki nişastanın mayalanmasıyla oluş_a etanol, ilke olarak, herhangi bir nişasta kaynaağ olarak kullanılabilir. C) Her ne kadar biyoyakıtlardaki etanol nişastanın mayalanmasıyla oluşsa da, ilke olarak, çeşitli nişaast kaynakları bu amaç için kullanılabilir. D) İlke olarak, biyoyakıtlardaki etanolün, nişastanın mayalanmasıyla oluşmasına karşın, herhangi bir nişasta kaynağı bu amaç için kullanılabilir. E) İlke olarak, herhangi bir nişasta kaynağının aynı amaç için kullanılabilir olmasına karşın, biyoyakıtlaardak etanolün, nişastanın mayalanmasıyla oluşması gerekir. 38. Before the development of quantum theory, physicists assumed that measuring any physical quantity as accurately as desired was possible, provided that perfect equipment and perfect conditions were present. A) İlk önce kuantum kuramını geliştiren fizikçiler, daha sonra herhangi bir fiziksel niceliğin ancak kusursuz araçlar ve kusursuz koşullar var olduğu takdirde ölçülebileceğini kanıtladılar. B) Kuantum kuramını geliştiren fizikçiler, kusursuz araçlar ve kusursuz koşullar var olduğu takdirde, herhangi bir fiziksel niceliğin istenilen düzeyde bir doğrulukla ölçülebileceğini varsayıyorlar. C) Kusursuz araçlar ve kusursuz koşullar sağlandığı takdirde, herhangi bir fiziksel niceliğin istenilen düzeyde bir doğrulukla ölçülebileceğini savunan fizikçiler, kuantum kuramını geliştirmişlerdir. D) Kuantum kuramı sayesinde, fizikçiler, kusursuz araçlar ve kusursuz koşullar var olduğu takdirde, herhangi bir fiziksel niceliğin istenilen ölçüde bir doğrulukla ölçülemeyeceği varsayımını çürüttüleer E) Kuantum kuramının geliştirilmesinden önce, fizikçiller kusursuz araçlar ve kusursuz koşullar var olduğu takdirde, herhangi bir fiziksel niceliği, isteniile ölçüde doğru olarak ölçmenin mümkün olabilecceğin varsayıyorlardı. 2010-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Fen Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. A 7 39. – 41. sorularda, verilen Türkçe cümleye anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi bulunuz. 39. Nanoteknoloji alanında çalışan bilim insanlarını bekleyen en büyük güçlüklerden biri, arzu edilen bir nano yapı inşa edebilmek ve bu yapıyı, çıplak gözle görülebilen işlevsel bir sistemle bütünleştirebilmmektir A) Scientists working in the field of nanotechnology are yet to make a desired nanostructure and then to integrate it with a functional system visible to the naked eye. B) Making a desired nanostructure and integrating it into a functional system visible to the naked eye is the biggest difficulty that scientists working in the field of nanotechnology are faced with. C) One of the biggest challenges awaiting scientists working in the field of nanotechnology is to be able to make a desired nanostructure and then integrate it with a functional system that is visible to the naked eye. D) One of the major challenges that scientists working in the field of nanotechnology have to face is how to make a desired nanostructure without integrating it into a functional system visible to the naked eye. E) To make a desired nanostructure without having to integrate it with a system visible to the naked eye is one of the biggest challenges that awaits scientists working in the field of nanotechnology. 40. Bir barajın inşası başlamadan önce, mühendisler, barajın ağırlığını kaldırmaya yetecek kadar güçlü bir temel sağlayacağından emin olmak için, önerille bölgenin jeolojik yapısını incelerler. A) In order for the construction of a dam to begin, the proposed site should first be surveyed by geological engineers so that they can make sure the foundation of the proposed site will be strong enough to support the weight of the dam. B) Before the construction of a dam begins, engineers survey the geology of the proposed site to make sure that it will provide a foundation strong enough to support the weight of the dam. C) Before they start constructing a dam, geologists and engineers must survey the proposed site, as its foundations may not be strong enough to support the weight of the dam. D) Prior to the construction of a dam, the geology of the proposed site should be surveyed by engineers, as they want to make sure that it has a strong foundation capable of supporting the weight of the dam. E) By the time the construction of a dam begins, engineers must have surveyed the geological features of the proposed area, in case its foundations are not strong enough to support the weight of the dam. 41. Bilgisayarlar artan yararlarıyla yaşamı kolaylaştırsaala da, kullanımları daha yaygın hâle geldikçe, onları kötüye kullanma olasılığı da artmaktadır. A) Despite the fact that computer misuse is growing as computer use becomes more widespread, no one can deny that computers make life easier with their increasing efficacy. B) It is true that as computer use becomes more widespread, the possibility of misuse also grows, but the fact that computers make life easier with their increasing efficacy remains. C) Although computers make life easier with their increasing efficacy, as they become more widespread, the possibility of their misuse also grows. D) Even if computers made life easier with their increasing efficacy, as computer use became more widespread, the possibility of its misuse also grew. E) Computers make life easier with their increasing efficacy; as a result, as computer use becomes more widespread, the possibility of misuse also broadens. 2010-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Fen Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. A 8 42. – 46. sorularda, boş bırakılan yere, parçadd anlam bütünlüğünü sağlamak için getirilebillece cümleyi bulunuz. 42. As the hardest substance known, diamond is ideal for cutting rock and other tough stuff. ----For cutting steel, the first choice is cubic boron nitride, which is almost as hard. But manufacturing the substance requires high temperatures and extreme pressures, which make it expensive. A) Making ultrahard materials usually requires extreme pressures. B) The hardness of diamond arises because of short, covalent bonds that keep the constituent atoms strongly stuck together. C) Scientists want to design new hard materials rather than finding them using trial-and-error methods. D) But diamond is costly, and it degrades machining steel and other ferrous metals because of reactions. E) The method should lead to even less costly, ultrahard compounds. 43. ----There are those that affect the body surfaces they contact, and those that damage the general nervous system. Surface agents include phosgene gas, chlorine gas, hydrogen cyanide, and mustard gas. While the principal action of the first three occurs through inhalation, mustard is a blistering agent that damages any surface it contacts, including the skin. Nerve agents, on the other hand, which include the chemicals sarin, soman, and tabun, act by blocking the transmission of nerve messages throughout the body. A single drop of nerve agent can shut down the body’s nervous system. A) A biological attack involves dispersing agents into the air. B) Chemical warfare involves the use of compounds to kill an enemy. C) Biological weapons use living microorganisms to infect large masses of people. D) Both biological and chemical weapons are considered weapons of mass destruction. E) Chemical warfare agents can be grouped into two general types. 44. Organisms use two types of cell division to ensure that DNA is passed down from cell to cell during reproduction. Simple one-celled organisms and some other organisms reproduce by a process called “mitosis”, during which a cell doubles its DNA before dividing into two cells and distributing the DNA evenly to each resulting cell. ----Known as “meiosis”, this process involves sexual reproduction. In this process, an egg and sperm unite to form a zygote, in which the full number of chromosomes is restored. A) Organisms that reproduce sexually, on the other hand, use a different type of cell division. B) In all organisms, cells divide to produce new cells, each of which requires the genetic information in DNA. C) Mitosis occurs in five stages, namely interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. D) Modern genetics offers solutions to the reproductive problems that were once thought to be incurable. E) Each new cell needs a complete copy of an organism’s genetic information to function properly. 45. The irreversible loss of biodiversity has a serious impact on the ability of the remaining species, including humans, to survive. Humans depend on the diversity of species and healthy ecosystems to provide food, clean air and water, and fertile soil for agriculture. ----As many as 40 per cent of our modern pharmaceutical medicines are derived from plants or animals. A small plant from Madagascar, the rosy periwinkle, for instance, produces substances that are effective in fighting two deadly cancers, Hodgkin’s and leukaemia. A) However, the survival of ecosystems depends on their variety of plants, animals, and habitats. B) In addition, we benefit greatly from the many drugs that biodiversity provides. C) In contrast, modern medicine makes use of medicines derived from both natural and chemical sources. D) Biologists believe that the Earth is currently going through a period of mass extinction. E) In such cases, direct habitat destruction threatens the greatest number of species. 2010-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Fen Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. A 9 46. A handful of countries produce a portion of their electricity from nuclear energy. ----The world has witnessed one such disaster in recent history. The 1986 accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in Ukraine scattered radioactive contamination over a large part of Europe. Approximately 200,000 people were evacuated, and human health has been dramatically affected ever since. Studies in 1999 found that the rate of thyroid cancer in young Ukrainian children was ten times higher than was the norm prior to the accident. A) The decades of the Cold War witnessed the dangerous escalation of a nuclear arms race. B) Most people are against its use for the production of electricity, as it is too costly. C) Nuclear weapons can cause wide-spread disaster. D) The first large-scale nuclear reactors were built in 1944 in the US, for the production of nuclear weapons material. E) Many people, however, are opposed to nuclear power stations, on the grounds that an accident can cause massive devastation. 47. – 51. sorularda, karşılıklı konuşmanın boş bırakılan kısmını tamamlayabilecek ifadeyi bulunnuz 47. Robert: -Are you going to include the pygmy marmoset monkeys in your Amazonian fauna assignment? Karen: -I may do so. If I remember rightly, they are only about 2 cm in height. Robert: -----Karen: -Can they really? That is remarkable. A) It’s their tails that make it possible. B) I thought they were taller than that. C) That’s correct. But they can leap a distance of five metres. D) They feed on both insects and fruits. E) Very little else is known about them. 48. Henry: -I think we really shouldn’t miss this year’s National Science Week events. It seems that there’s a lot we can learn and even use in our project. Shall we go to at least some of them together? Jane: -What is this year’s theme? I remember attending a few events last year. I’m not sure I want to see more insects this year, when we really should be working on our project on global warming. Henry: -----Jane: -Great! Let’s go then. A) Why? Don’t you find insects an interesting species to study? B) There are no insects this year; the theme is “Click for the Climate”. C) Would you rather go to the biology lab to work? D) Have you completed your project already? E) I really have no clue as to what this year’s theme is. 49. Patrick: -Are you going to get a swine flu vaccination? Helen: -Yes, I am. Almost half of my colleagues are down with the flu, and I’m really tired of wearing this protective mask. Patrick: -----Helen: -Oh, I already have. I’m getting a type specially developed for expectant women. A) Haven’t they been vaccinated? B) Then you may already have the flu. C) What about your husband? D) But you do realize, I hope, that some vaccines are not suitable for pregnant women, so you should consult your doctor first. E) No. I’m not going to get a vaccination. 2010-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Fen Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. A 10 50. Roger: -Why do you always get lower electricity bills than we do? You’re six people in the family, whereas we are only two and, unlike you, we spend most of our time outside the house. Jennifer: -----Roger: -Actually, no. I haven’t noticed them. Jennifer: -Well, ever since we had them installed, we’ve been paying less than half of what we used to. A) Well, we also spend a lot of time outside the house, as you might have noticed. B) We’ve been using solar energy for lighting for some time. Haven’t you seen the solar panels on our roof? C) Don’t you turn off the lights when you don’t need them? D) A water heater uses a huge amount of electricity. E) Actually, no one in our family likes brightly-lit rooms. 51. Kate: -I recently read in a magazine that the activity of plate tectonics ground to a halt at various times in the Earth’s geological history. Fred: -Oh, that’s interesting. I thought it was a slow but continuous process. Kate: -----Fred: -Then, that means geologists might have to revise their theories on how continents evolved. A) Does this mean that Darwin’s theory of evolution might have to be revised? B) This has been so, especially in the Pacific Ocean. C) There isn’t much support for the theory. D) What exactly do you mean by “a continuous process”? E) So did most people until this fact came to light recently. 2010-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Fen Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. A 11 52. – 56. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü bozan cümleyi bulunuz. 52. (I) Scientists who study tornadoes have a wide variety of powerful research tools at their disposal. (II) Moreover, they classify tornadoes based on the damage they wreak on manmade structures. (III) For instance, advances in computer technology make it possible to stimulate the thunderstorms that cause tornadoes. (IV) Doppler radars allow meteorologists to see the winds inside the storms, and modern video camera footage provides an unprecedented amount of high-quality documentation. (V) All these contribute greatly to the scientific understanding of tornadoes, which may eventually lead to increased tornado warning times, better guidelines for building construction, and improved safety tips. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V 53. (I) Ancient seafarers found their way by observing landmarks, such as large rocks or trees, along rivers and coastlines. (II) When out of sight of land, they derived clues about their location by measuring water depth, monitoring wind patterns and wave shapes, and observing the positions of the Sun and the stars. (III) Later, navigators developed tools to measure a ship’s position and progress more precisely. (IV) They can choose from a great variety of highteec tools to determine their position on Earth and find their way from one place to another. (V) They used a magnetic compass to determine direction, measured the height of the Sun or stars on the horizon to fix their position, and plotted their progress and routes on nautical maps called “charts”. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V 54. (I) The oldest known evidence of strange flying objects is from some cave paintings that were found in Europe. (II) Before the end of the 18th century, very few Europeans had dedicated themselves to the study of flight. (III) One was the Italian Renaissance artist Leonardo da Vinci. (IV) He was preoccupied chiefly with bird flight and with flapping-wing machines called “ornithopters”. (V) His aeronautical work, however, remained unknown until late in the 19th century, when it could furnish little of technical value to experimenters but was a source of inspiration to aspiring European engineers. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V 55. (I) While it lights our day and provides energy for life, sunlight can also be harmful to humans. (II) Particles flowing from the Sun can disrupt our planet’s magnetic field, and these disruptions can interfere with electronic communications. (III) Human skin is sensitive to ultraviolet light emitted from the Sun. (IV) Earth’s atmosphere blocks much of the harmful light, but sunlight is still strong enough to burn skin under some conditions, a major risk factor in the development of skin cancers. (V) Sunlight is also very harmful to our eyes, which can be damaged through a direct gaze at the Sun. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V 56. (I) Galaxies have three common shapes. (II) One is elliptical galaxies, which have an ovoid or globular shape and generally contain older stars. (III) Another, spiral galaxies, which contain both old and young stars, are disk-shaped with arms that curve around the edges. (IV) Astronomers believe that the Milky Way, of which our solar system is a part, is the largest galaxy. (V) Yet another type, irregular galaxies, have no regular structure, and their structures are believed to have been distorted by collisions with other galaxies. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V 2010-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Fen Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. A 12 57. – 60. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız. Solar panels turn the sunlight into energy when the sun shines directly on them, but as soon as the sunlight decreases, so does efficiency. A new antireflective film coating could help panels collect sunshine at 96 per cent efficiency from nearly any angle. The newly-developed film consists of seven layers of nanoscopic silicon and titanium-oxide rods arranged in increasing densities, with the topmost nearly as porous as air. This funnel-like structure captures light from almost every direction and focuses it onto the photovoltaic panel while also inhibiting reflection. The film, which is about one hundredth as thick as a human hair, could easily be applied to any solar panel and would help collect 20 per cent more light while eliminating the need for the expensive hardware usually used to rotate solar panels as the sun moves. Before the new film can be marketed, the nanoscientists who developed the film must find a way to protect the outermost layers from wind and heat, a process that might take another year. 57. It can be inferred from the passage that ----. A) antireflective films cause a decline in light absorption B) most panels in current use employ some inexpensive software which decreases efficiency C) even though the sunlight becomes weak, solar panels maintain their efficiency D) current solar panels are designed in such a way as to turn almost any form of light into energy E) reflection of light has an adverse effect on the efficiency of solar panels 58. It is clear from the passage that ----. A) the new panels have been on the market for a year B) the antireflective film makes it unnecessary to rotate solar panels C) the existing software has to be improved to make the new panels work D) it took scientists a year to develop the new coating E) the newly-developed software helps to rotate the panels and so capture more sunlight 59. One can understand from the passage that the newly-developed film ----. A) can only be applied to specially-designed solar panels B) is about a hundred times as thick as human hair C) helps panels to reflect a greater amount of sunlight D) works best with funnel-shaped photovoltaic panels E) has a layered structure, arranged in an ascending order of density 60. According to the passage, the panels currently in use ----. A) can be made to work much more efficiently with the help of the newly-developed film B) can capture enough light owing to their structure, which is as porous as air C) lose much of their efficiency as a result of continuous exposure to wind and heat D) are positioned at a certain angle with the help of some expensive software E) have been specially designed so that they reflect light 2010-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Fen Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. A 13 61. – 64. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız. The hope with biofuels is that they can offer a carbon-neutral energy source, because the crops that are grown for fuel will remove as much carbon from the atmosphere as will be released when they are eventually burned. This is basically the same thing that happens when we burn coal or oil. The difference is that in the case of the latter, the carbon was absorbed hundreds of millions of years ago, and this is part of the problem. Humans will take just a few hundred years to burn through tens of millions of years of oil deposits. To grow enough crops to keep up with our current demand will require lots of additional lands to be cleared for agriculture. If rainforests are cleared to plant sugar cane, all the carbon that is currently locked in the trees will be released. The other problem is that adding nitrogen fertilizer to these crops releases nitrogen oxide, which is another greenhouse gas. A recent study showed that burning maize biofuels actually increases greenhouse gas emissions for this reason. However, this is more the fault of the choice of biofuel crop and the production method rather than a flaw in the biofuel concept as a whole. The shrub “jatropha”, for instance, can be grown on land too poor for trees or other crops to grow on, and is already used for biodiesel in India, Cambodia, and some African countries. 61. According to the passage, the use of nitrogen fertilizers for agricultural purposes ----. A) makes maize-based biofuels more environmentally friendly B) contributes to a rise in greenhouse gas emissions C) has turned the maize into an excellent biofuel crop D) helps to reduce greenhouse gas emissions resulting from fossil fuel use E) is a problematic and complicated process which is, nevertheless, desirable 62. It is clear from the passage that the main problem about biofuels ----. A) is the consequence of a lack of sufficient nitrogen fertilizers B) is that the concept itself is faulty and should be discarded C) results from the choice of plants for biofuel and production techniques D) is essentially related to the methods used in the production of fertilizers E) arises from the limitation of biofuel crops to maize and jatropha 63. It can be understood from the passage that when oil or coal is burned, ----. A) there are few adverse effects upon the planet B) carbon-neutral energy sources are quickly exhausted C) a significant amount of carbon is removed from the atmosphere D) there is less pollution than when any of the biofuels are used E) the carbon that was absorbed millions of years ago is released 64. It can be inferred from the passage that ----. A) the demand for biofuels is declining due to the many disadvantages they present B) plants used for biofuels can only be grown in fertile lands C) clearing rainforests for sugar cane production seems to be the only way of reducing carbon emissions D) the plant “jatropha” is a promising and more environmentally friendly source of biofuel E) sugar cane and maize are far better sources of biofuels than jatropha, which impoverishes the soil 2010-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Fen Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. A 14 65. – 68. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız. Cats are famous for their aversion to water. However, the fishing cat, a wild Asiatic species, has no such tendency. In fact, these felines, about twice the size of typical house cats, prefer to be in proximity to water, making their homes in the near rivers and marshes. As their name indicates, the cats fish for their meals, sitting by the water and tapping their paws to create ripples on the surface that resemble insect movements to lure their prey. Their webbed front paws help the fishing cats to remain dry while scooping fish, frogs, and snails out of shallow water. However, they also dive right in to grab large fish and birds in their jaws. Once in the water, the cats can swim on the surface or even glide underwater. Their flat tails, significantly shorter than those of house cats, serve as rudders, helping them to adjust direction below the water surface. Unfortunately, habitat loss and overfishing have decreased the number of these cats by about 50 per cent over the past three generations. Recently, the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) changed the status of these cats to “endangered” from the less-severe “vulnerable”. 65. It is clear from the passage that the fishing cats’ front paws ----. A) help them to adjust direction underneath the surface while chasing their prey B) enable them to reach their prey in shallow water without getting completely wet C) serve as a defence mechanism against attacks by enemies like large fish and birds D) are relatively shorter compared to those of typical house cats E) make it possible and easy for them to find food even in dry and barren areas 66. It is clear from the passage that fishing cats ----. A) have a weak sense of direction compared to house cats B) have tails longer than those of house cats C) tend to avoid large fish and birds D) have caused many fish species to become endangered E) have fully adapted themselves to a life in and by the water 67. According to the passage, the fishing cats ----. A) have been increasing in number at a rate of about 50 per cent a year B) reproduce at a gradually rising rate C) are regarded as a threat to the aquatic species they feed on D) used to be twice as many numerous only a few decades ago E) are no longer classified as “endangered” thanks to the efforts of the IUCN 68. It is pointed out in the passage that, when a fishing cat hunts underwater, ----. A) it prefers marshes to rivers and other waters B) it knows exactly where big fish are C) its movements attract large numbers of fish D) the ripples made by its movements are hardly distinguishable E) it uses its tail to find the right direction 2010-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Fen Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. A 15 69. – 72. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız. It is to a plant’s advantage to be visually attractive to a specific pollinator so that those animals will seek out and concentrate on that particular plant during their search for nectar. This keeps pollen from being spread to other plant species, where pollination won’t take place. Flowers appeal to their pollinators’ sensory systems by using signals such as alluring odours or colours. Flowers pollinated by nocturnal animals like bats and moths, which rely more on hearing than smell and sight, usually have dull colours but powerful scents. Flowers pollinated by daytime animals like birds and bees, however, rely on a range of colours. Birds see a spectrum somewhat similar to ours but are especially receptive to red, so blossoms pollinated by them tend to be red or orange. Bees, on the other hand, see a different spectrum composed of yellow, blue, green, and ultraviolet. Flowers pollinated by bees, hence, tend to be in those colours and usually have special markings that are visible only in ultraviolet. Like runway lights, these markings guide insects to the right place to land and find nectar, and in the process, pollinate the plant. 69. According to the passage, birds ----. A) see a colour spectrum that is identical to humans’ B) are attracted to plants that have red or orange blossoms C) can see dull colours much better than bees and other insects D) play a little part in pollination E) and bees are far more sensitive to colours than insects 70. It can be understood from the passage that special markings on some flowers ----. A) enable nocturnal animals to pollinate flowers B) repel insects with ultraviolet vision C) help certain pollinators to find the right spot to land D) are often misleading to the pollinators E) can be seen by both birds and humans 71. The passage makes it clear that animals that are active at night ----. A) follow and catch insects and moths by using their sense of hearing and smell B) have a strong sense of vision, which helps them to find food more easily C) see things that are invisible to other animals with the help of their ultraviolet vision D) rely on powerful scents to attract other animals E) are attracted mostly to flowers with dull colours but strong scents 72. The passage is mainly concerned with ----. A) the significance of plants in the food chain B) the question of why birds and insects have common traits C) how colour and smell play a major role in plant pollination D) the kinds of nocturnal animals that are active in pollination E) the process of pollination that takes place in the plant world 2010-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Fen Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. A 16 73. – 76. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız. A 37,000-year-old baby mammoth could help to explain why the ancient species became extinct as well as giving an insight into climate change. Researchers at a Japanese medical school carried out a computed tomography (CT) scan of the mammoth, which was found frozen in Northern Siberia. They produced some high-resolution 3D pictures which are being analyzed to find out about the animal’s internal organs and diet, and to work out how she died. The mammoth’s tissues and skeleton have been studied at a zoological museum in Russia. Air samples from her lungs will also be analyzed for clues to the Earth’s atmosphere at the time of her death. The mammoth, named Lyuba, was found by a reindeer herder buried in permafrost. She is unusual because of the proportion of her body that is preserved. According to one expert working on Lyuba, with fossils, scientists generally get only bones and teeth, but this specimen is special in that there are also the organs and muscles. The same expert notes that it will be interesting to see how this animal managed to adapt to life high in the Arctic and was able to survive, especially in the Ice Age. 73. It is clear from the passage that the mammoth Lyuba is considered extraordinary because ----. A) it had remained buried in permafrost B) a great part of its body was conserved C) it was found by a reindeer herder D) its body was unusually disproportionate E) it was a rather muscular animal 74. It can be inferred from the text that ----. A) Lyuba was a special animal with unusual features B) there were many animals left in the high Arctic by the Ice Age C) reindeer were the dominant species in Siberia some 37,000 years ago D) scientists have adequate information as to why mammoths disappeared E) most fossils do not provide pre-historic air samples 75. According to the passage, the organs and muscles of the baby mammoth ----. A) make the animal inapt for a CT scan B) will give scientists an insight into the survival and adaptation skills of the mammoths C) were found to be different from those of the other members of the same species D) did not provide any new insight about the species E) were found to be similar to those of the reindeer that lived in the same area 76. It is clear from the passage that the CT scan of the mammoth ----. A) did not yield the expected result, as the animal had remained in permafrost for too long B) was carried out in northern Siberia C) provided extensive information on the Earth’s atmosphere at the time of her death D) is sure to offer scientists insight into climate change E) is expected to give scientists an idea about the eating habits of the animal 2010-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Fen Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. A 17 77. – 80. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız. Several years ago, biochemists studying marine ecosystems noticed something unusual: a sponge thriving in the middle of a coral reef that was dying from bacterial infection. The researchers identified a substance made by the sponge in order to defend itself from harmful microbes. They realized that it was a natural antibacterial molecule called “ageliferin”. This molecule can break down the formation of a protective biofilm coating that bacteria use to shield themselves from threats, including antibiotic drugs. Now the same researchers are using this natural compound to create innovative ways to fight drugresiistan bacteria. They have recently modified the structure of ageliferin to make it more potent and formulated to help conventional medications combat otherwise drug-resistant bacteria, such as staph and cholera. The newly-developed chemical does not stop bacteria from proliferating, but it allows the antibiotic to work again. The researchers hope eventually to incorporate the altered ageliferin as a helper drug within commercial antibiotic products, allowing them to fight off formerly drug-resistant strains of diseases. 77. It can be understood from the passage that bacteria that cause infections ----. A) protect themselves from threats using a biofilm coating B) preserve their biofilm coating with the help of ageliferin C) break down the formation of protective biofilms of other bacteria D) defend certain sponge types against harmful microbes E) have a naturally occurring molecule called ageliferin 78. It is clear from the passage that ageliferin is a substance ----. A) easily broken down by harmful bacteria B) produced by a sponge found in coral reefs C) used in order to study bacterial infection D) helping bacteria to form a protective shield around them E) usually abundant in dying coral reefs 79. According to the passage, scientists are using ageliferin ----. A) although they wanted to discard conventional medications B) so that the natural compound can be used to save dying sponge species C) in case they altered the structure of the compound D) to develop new methods to fight drug-resistant bacteria E) as if it were more potent in combating otherwise drug-resistant bacteria 80. One can understand from the passage that the newly-developed compound ----. A) helps ageliferin to proliferate in sponge colonies in coral reefs B) can easily be used to alter biofilms like ageliferin C) is currently used in most commercial antibiotic products D) is ruled out to be an effective way of fighting drug-resistant strains of diseases E) does not help to stop bacteria from increasing in number TEST BİTTİ. CEVAPLARINIZI KONTROL EDİNİZ. ÜNİVERSİTELERARASI KURUL YABANCI DİL SINAVI (ÜDS) 21 Mart 2010 İNGİLİZCE FEN BİLİMLERİ TESTİ CEVAP ANAHTARI A KİTAPÇIĞI 1. B 2. E 3. A 4. C 5. B 6. D 7. E 8. B 9. E 10. C 11. A 12. D 13. A 14. B 15. C 16. E 17. B 18. D 19. C 20. D 21. A 22. B 23. E 24. B 25. E 26. C 27. E 28. A 29. E 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. E 36. B 37. A 38. E 39. C 40. B 41. C 42. D 43. E 44. A 45. B 46. E 47. C 48. B 49. D 50. B 51. E 52. B 53. D 54. A 55. B 56. D 57. E 58. B 59. E 60. A 61. B 62. C 63. E 64. D 65. B 66. E 67. D 68. E 69. B 70. C 71. E 72. C 73. B 74. E 75. B 76. E 77. A 78. B 79. D 80. E A ÜNİVERSİTELERARASI KURUL YABANCI DİL SINAVI (İLKBAHAR DÖNEMİ) İNGİLİZCE 21 Mart 2010 G E N E L A Ç I K L A M A ADI SOYADI T.C. KİMLİK NUMARASI SALON NUMARASI : ................................................. : ................................................. : ................................................. : ................................................. T.C. YÜKSEKÖĞRETİM KURULU ÖĞRENCİ SEÇME VE YERLEŞTİRME MERKEZİ Ö S Y M Bu testlerin her hakkı saklıdır. Hangi amaçla olursa olsun, testlerin tamamının veya bir kısmının Merkezimizin yazılı izni olmadan kopya edilmesi, fotoğrafının çekilmesi, herhangi bir yolla çoğaltılması, yayımlanması ya da kullanılması yasaktır. Bu yasağa uymayanlar gerekli cezai sorumluluğu ve testlerin hazırlanmasındaki mali külfeti peşinen kabullenmiş sayılır. 1. Bu soru kitapçığı Fen Bilimleri, Sağlık Bilimleri ve Sosyal Bilimler olmak üzere üç ayrı alandaki İngilizce testlerini içermektedir. Testlerin cevap anahtarları birbirinden farklıdır. Bu testlerden başvurunuza uygun olanını seçerek cevaplayınız. Bu testlerin başladıkları sayfalar şöyledir: Fen Bilimleri Testi 1 Sağlık Bilimleri Testi 18 Sosyal Bilimler Testi 37 2. Bu soru kitapçığının türü A’dır. Bunu cevap kâğıdınızdaak ilgili alana kodlayınız. Bu kodlamayı cevap kâğıdınıza yapmadığınız veyy yanlış yaptığınız takdirde, sınavınızın değerlendiriilmes mümkün değildir. 3. Bu test için verilen cevaplama süresi 180 dakikadır (3 saat). 4. Cevaplamaya istediğiniz sorudan başlayabilirsiniz. 5. Test kitapçığındaki her sorunun yalnızca bir doğru cevaab vardır. Bir soru için birden fazla cevap yeri işaretlenmmişs o soru yanlış cevaplanmış sayılacaktır. 6. Bu kitapçıktaki soruların cevapları, kitapçıkla birlikte verilen cevap kâğıdında ayrılmış olan yerlere, kurşun kalemle işaretlenecektir. Cevap kâğıdı buruşturulmayaccak üzerine gereksiz hiçbir işaret konulmayacaktır. 7. Bu sınavın değerlendirilmesi doğru cevap sayısı üzerinden yapılacak, yanlış cevaplar dikkate alınmayacaktır. Bu nedenle, her soruda size en doğru görünen cevabı işaretleyerek cevapsız soru bırakmamanız yararınıza olacaktır. 8. Sınavda uyulacak diğer kurallar bu kitapçığın arka kapağında belirtilmiştir. İNGİLİZCE SAĞLIK BİLİMLERİ TESTİ 2010-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Sağ. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. A 18 1. – 18. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerleer uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuuz 1. For many years, Britain’s National Health Service has provided a basic standard of ----at low cost. A) reversal B) symptom C) expenditure D) expectancy E) care 2. The brain coordinates our speech ability so that it makes all the ----sounds. A) competitive B) confident C) degenerate D) appropriate E) impetuous 3. In cancer care, Britain still compares ----with other similar countries in five-year survival rates after diagnosis. A) vainly B) unfavourably C) unreservedly D) consciously E) infrequently 4. Pathologists have found that different tissues, bodily substances, and foreign objects (such as bullets) ----X-rays in varying amounts. A) diagnose B) respond C) determine D) exhale E) absorb 5. This recent scientific breakthrough exposes every genetic mutation acquired by cancer patients over their lifetimes that eventually caused healthy cells in their bodies to ----tumours. A) turn into B) break up C) go over D) wear out E) pass up 6. The existing shortage of primary-care doctors in the US leads to a shortage of health care that cannot be ----with insurance of any kind. A) wiped out B) taken over C) made up for D) put off E) kept out 7. Even with the newly-announced policy, US scientists who ----to study human embryos to learn more about infertility and genetic anomalies ----government funding to do so. A) want /cannot use B) would have wanted /had not used C) will want /did not use D) had wanted /should not have used E) wanted /must not have used 2010-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Sağ. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. A 19 8. A British scientific agency ----that all red blood cells given as transfusions to children under the age of 13 ----to remove any microbes that cause serious diseases. A) used to state /would be filtered B) has stated /should be filtered C) stated /will have been filtered D) will state /were filtered E) would state /have been filtered 9. Usually the result of smoking, emphysema ----when the air sacs at the ends of a person’s air passages (the bronchioles) ----. A) had occurred /were gradually being destroyed B) occurred /have been gradually destroyed C) has been occurring /had gradually been destroyed D) occurs /are gradually destroyed E) was to occur /would gradually be destroyed 10. A modest amount of champagne every day ----to have a beneficial effect on the walls of blood vessels, which ----that champagne has the potential to reduce the incidence of strokes and heart attacks. A) is being found /has suggested B) has been found /suggests C) had been found /would have suggested D) was found /had suggested E) will be found /suggested 11. Researchers realized that the Cuban experience with dengue fever through two separate outbreaks of the disease ----that immune enhancement ----even 20 years after the primary dengue virus infection. A) had indicated /must have been seen B) indicates /had been seen C) was indicating /would be seen D) would have indicated /is seen E) indicated /could be seen 12. Following the recent death of a former Miss Argentina due to complications arising ----plastic surgery, questions are being raised ----the risks of such cosmetic procedures. A) from /about B) in /to C) through /for D) on /with E) for /over 13. A prominent research scientist claims that limiting alcohol intake can improve the overall health ----breast-cancer survivors, based on the belief that cancer risk may be increased ----alcohol’s action in raising oestrogen metabolism. A) from /with B) through /over C) of /by D) about /at E) in /before 14. ----survivors of childhood cancer do seem to have a higher risk of heart problems, the individual likelihood of this happening is still fairly small. A) Whether B) If C) Whenever D) Unless E) While 2010-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Sağ. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. A 20 15. The vast sums of money spent to fight diseases such as AIDS and malaria in the past ten years have saved many lives ----have also sometimes undermined health systems in poor countries. A) whereas B) since C) unless D) but E) so 16. ----climate change seems likely to threaten the entire world’s health, an ever greater number of political leaders are insisting that something must be done to stop it. A) Even though B) Now that C) Provided that D) As if E) Even if 17. A study by the US Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration found that, among those ----were seeking treatment for drug and alcohol addiction, the number of cannabis addicts rose from 12% in 1997 to 16% in 2007. A) whose B) whom C) who D) which E) what 18. The term “health illiteracy” refers to the condition where a person knows ----about medical information and how to use it that it negatively affects his or her access to the health-care system. A) few B) as such C) many D) so little E) a few 19. – 23. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada numaralaanmı yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz. Not so long ago, doctors in the West were forbidden (19)----remove kidney stones, since that was reserved for surgeons. However, the latest technology makes the distinction (20)----. Today, kidney stones can be dealt with by using a dose of shock waves to break them up ‒ with no cutting required. These waves are a particular sort of sound wave. More gentle sound waves, such as ultrasound, (21)----in medicine to peer inside the body and produce images of internal organs. Now, (22)----light rays focused by a lens can create extreme heat, so too can new ultrasound rays, generated from a specially-designed instrument, burn away tumours. Shockwave therapy, as it is known, is just one of a range of non-invasive techniques that reduce the need to slice people open in order to treat them. Such techniques promise to blur still further the (23)----sharp distinction between physician and surgeon. 19. A) about B) from C) by D) through E) to 20. A) inconsistent B) irrelevant C) incoherent D) particular E) contradictory 21. A) will long be employed B) would long be employed C) had long been employed D) have long been employed E) would long have been employed 22. A) just as B) even if C) as though D) although E) whereas 23. A) ambiguously B) hastily C) formerly D) infinitely E) rarely 2010-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Sağ. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. A 21 24. – 35. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz. 24. When the women’s Vitamin D serum levels were divided into four groups, ----. A) the researchers found that the lowest levels of the vitamin were associated with the highest risk of hip fracture B) a low serum level of Vitamin D emerges occasionally in postmenopausal subjects who live in fear of hip fracture C) the women who had hip fracture were recruited as part of the eligible study population D) the study has highlighted the importance of maintaining good bone health to the fullest extent possible E) the lowest ones have traditionally turned out to be the patients with the poorest profiles of bone health 25. The question whether a particular drug action is called a side effect or a desired one depends on why ----. A) the doctor adjusts the dosage B) the drug is being taken C) the patient has to take the drug in the first place D) some drugs must be used in combination E) people must have their blood tested before taking certain drugs 26. ----, which is categorized by insulin resistance and is a key factor in the development of many vascular diseases. A) Lowering triglyceride levels is often the first tactic in restoring coronary health B) Nitric oxide allows healthy blood vessels to relax and thus ensure smooth blood flow C) The presence of a key enzyme within bloodvessse walls maintains an even heart rate D) Hypertension is one of the dangerous disorders making up the metabolic syndrome E) Non-alcoholic fatty liver is a constellation of conditions linked to higher death rates 27. ----, but two American experts on wildlife diseases have recently demonstrated the value for human health of having a wide range of animals available for study. A) Scientists have been looking at which species might act as reservoirs for influenza viruses B) The scientific value of zoos is sometimes doubted by medical researchers C) Much animal research has centred on the complex carbohydrates found in cells D) A research project last year focused on the viral receptors of 60 species E) Researchers found several animals that carried both types of viral receptors 28. Because the use of medication during pregnancy gives rise to safety concerns, ----. A) further study is needed of the health benefits of pregnancy B) certain herbal preparations were also recommended for their anti-depressant effects C) high-quality purified fish oil capsules reduce the risk to such women of inadvertent ingestion of mercury D) there is growing recognition that maternal health is of equal importance to the father of the unborn child E) a group of doctors have decided to review the effectiveness and safety of alternative therapies for perinatal depression 29. Despite the gloomy market predictions of some observers of the pharmaceutical industry, ----. A) the sector’s giants face such a severe decline in sales that their entire business model is collapsing B) the fundamental question is whether it is still worthwhile to invest in pharmaceutical science C) the chairman of the biggest Swiss drugs firm is convinced that new biotechnological advances represent a huge business opportunity D) half of all the known diseases in the world, both physical and mental, cannot be medically treated at all E) the development of drugs that are tailored to individuals will involve tying manufacturing to the results of genetic tests 2010-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Sağ. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. A 22 30. The American Army Corps of Engineers managed to control the spread of disease among the workers of the Panama Canal Construction Company, ----. A) in case the French wanted to learn how to treat yellow fever among their workers B) except the French had given up after yellow fever had killed many of them C) but the Americans had far lower mortality statistics than the French D) even if the prevalence of tropical diseases in that region had not been so serious E) of whom almost 20,000 came from the Caribbean island of Barbados 31. ----, scientists wondered if they might likewise benefit the retina, which has an embryologic association with the brain. A) Unless patients suffering from neurological diseases object to their inclusion B) Since hormones are known to benefit brain health C) Only if hormones naturally occurring in the body are taken into consideration D) Although the restoration of optimal hormone balance may well support eye health E) Whereas the human brain is greatly affected by a variety of hormones 32. ----, it will become more and more of a basic item in the kitchen. A) Unlike the widespread acceptance of wheat, corn, rice, and oats by the population B) Although barley’s amazing properties have allowed this grain to endure for millennia C) Since the American public has traditionally been slow to embrace barley D) As new research reveals that barley can be a healthful addition to our diet E) If barley is not stored in an air-tight container in a cool place 33. ----, make sure the emergency-room doctor orders an MRI to rule out a brain attack. A) Believing that requesting an MRI without the authorization of the insurance company will be disallowed B) After you are discharged from the Department of Neurology with a certificate of perfect health C) Despite the fact that some young stroke victims have certainly been sent home from the emergency room without treatment D) Since 15% of stroke patients have apparently been discharged with wrong diagnoses E) If you experience dizziness, sudden numbness, a severe headache, or trouble speaking or seeing while at the hospital 34. Regular exercise is one of the best sleepprommotin remedies, ----. A) but a late workout risks leaving you wide-eyed in bed B) as professional athletes train constantly for their particular sports C) when occasional exercise has been arranged by the person in charge D) because the core body temperature takes several hours to change E) even though experts say it is better than taking a hot bath close to bedtime 35. In physical exercises to strengthen muscles, the best approach is to use a complete range of weights, ----. A) by which one must never give himself a false sense of progress B) unless one’s muscles reach their full potential C) before the decision is made as to how much weight to lift D) so that exercise is always considered together with nutrition E) even if it means lifting a lighter weight 2010-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Sağ. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. A 23 36. – 38. sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümleye anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi bulunuz. 36. In poor and middle-income countries, the four million HIV-infected people who are now on drugs that are intended to keep the virus under control account for only 42% of those who need the drugs. A) Yoksul ve orta gelir grubundaki ülkelerde, dört milyon HIV bulaşmış insandan sadece % 42’si virüsü kontrol altında tutmak için, ilaç kullanmaktaddır B) Yoksul ve orta gelirli ülkelerde, virüsü kontrol altı1nd tutmayı amaçlayan ilaçları alan dört milyon HIV bulaşmış insan, bu ilaçlara gereksinim duyanlları sadece % 42’sine karşılık gelmektedir. C) Sadece % 42’si virüsü kontrol altında tutmak için ilaç kullanan, dört milyon HIV bulaşmış insan, yoksul ve orta gelir düzeyindeki ülkelerdd yaşamaktadır. D) Yoksul ve orta gelir grubundaki ülkelerde, HIV bulaşmış dört milyon insan, virüsü kontrol altınn almak için ilaçlara ihtiyaç duysa da, sadece % 42’si bu ilaçları kullanabilmektedir. E) Yoksul ve orta gelir grubundaki ülkelerde, sadecc % 42’si virüsü kontrol altında tutmak için ilaçlaar gereksinim duyan HIV bulaşmış dört milyon kişi bulunmaktadır. 37. Guatemala is hardly one of Latin America’s poorest countries, but according to UNICEF almost half of all children in this country are chronically malnourished. A) UNICEF’e göre, Guatemala Latin Amerika’nın en yoksul ülkelerinden biri olmamasına rağmen, bu ülkede çocukların hemen hemen yarısı kronik olarak kötü beslenmektedir. B) Guatemala Latin Amerika’nın en yoksul ülkesidir diyemeyiz, ama UNICEF’e göre Guatemala’daki çocukların yarısından fazlasında kronik beslenmm bozukluğu vardır. C) Guatemala tam olarak Latin Amerika’nın en yokssu ülkelerinden biri değildir, ama UNICEF’e göre bu ülkedeki tüm çocukların hemen hemen yarısı kronik olarak kötü beslenmektedir. D) Latin Amerika ülkelerinden Guatemala tam olarra yoksul bir ülke değildir; ancak, UNICEF bu ülkedeki çocukların neredeyse yarısının kronik bir şekilde kötü beslendiğini belirtmektedir. E) Latin Amerika ülkelerinden biri olan Guatemala çok yoksul bir ülke değilse de, UNICEF’e göre Guatemala’daki çocukların yarısı kronik olarak kötü beslenmeyle karşı karşıyadır. 2010-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Sağ. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. A 24 38. A recent mental-health survey carried out in Europe suggested that two-fifths of French people suffer from serious depression at some point in their lives, so it is no surprise to learn that they swallow more anti-depressants per head than the Germans or the British. A) Avrupa’da son zamanlarda yapılan bir zihinsel sağlık anketi Fransızların beşte ikisinin hayatlarınŮı bir döneminde ciddi depresyon geçirdiklerini gösterdi; bu yüzden Fransızların Almanlar ve İngilizzlerde kişi başına daha fazla antidepresan kullandıklarını öğrenmek şaşırtıcı değil. B) Avrupa’da son yapılan zihinsel sağlık anketlerindde birine göre, Fransızların beşte ikisi hayatlarınŮı bir döneminde ciddi depresyon geçirmektediir bu nedenle Fransızların Almanlar ve İngilizlerrde kişi başına daha fazla antidepresan kullanmmalar hiç kimseyi şaşırtmadı. C) Fransızların kişi başına Almanlar ve İngilizlerden daha fazla antidepresan kullanmaları hiç de şaşırrtıc değil; çünkü, Avrupa’da son zamanlarda yapılan bir zihinsel sağlık anketine göre Fransızlaarı beşte ikisi hayatlarının bir döneminde ciddi depresyon geçiriyor. D) Beşte ikisi hayatlarının belli bir döneminde ciddi depresyon geçiren Fransızların, Avrupa’da son yıllarda yapılan bir zihinsel sağlık anketine göre, Alman ve İngilizlerden kişi başına daha fazla antideppresa kullandıklarını öğrenmek çok da şaşırrtıc değil. E) Avrupa’da son yapılan bir zihinsel sağlık anketi, Fransızların beşte ikisinin hayatlarının bir dönemiind ciddi depresyon geçirdiğini ortaya çıkardığğ için, Fransızların kişi başına antidepresan kullanımllarını Alman ve İngilizlerden daha fazla olduğğun öğrenmek sürpriz olmadı. 39. – 41. sorularda, verilen Türkçe cümleye anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi bulunuz. 39. Omega 3 yağ asitlerinin yararları, birçok araştırmm sonuçları ile teyit edildiğinden, gıda sanayi, satışlarını artırmak için, omega 3 asitlerini bebek sütünden margarine kadar her şeye koymuştur. A) Since various studies have suggested that omega-3 fatty acids are beneficial, the food industry had added omega-3 acids to everything, including baby milk and margarine, in order to increase its sales. B) As it has been confirmed by the results of a number of studies that omega-3 fatty acids are good for health, the food industry has responded by putting omega-3 acids in baby milk, margarine and other foodstuffs in order to have more sales. C) The benefits of omega-3 fatty acids have been confirmed by a number of recent studies, so the food industry has decided to begin using omega-3 acids in all kinds of food, including baby milk and margarine, to boost its sales. D) Because the benefits of omega-3 fatty acids have been confirmed by the results of various studies, the food industry has put omega-3 acids in everything from baby milk to margarine so as to increase its sales. E) In view of the recent studies that have shown the benefits of omega-3 fatty acids, the food industry has begun using omega-3 acids in all kinds of food, from baby milk to margarine, and so its sales have gone up. 2010-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Sağ. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. A 25 40. 12 milyondan fazla bilinen kimyasaldan 3.000 kadarı, çeşitli tür zehirlenmelere neden olmaktaddır ancak yüksek miktarlarda alınan hemen hemen her madde toksik olabilir. A) Out of over 12 million known chemicals, some 3,000 cause various kinds of poisonings, but almost any substance taken in large quantities can be toxic. B) There are more than 12 million known chemicals and about 3,000 of them can cause various poisonings, although any substance consumed in big amounts becomes toxic. C) Since some 3,000 kinds of over 12 million known chemicals are poisonous, in fact any substance consumed in large quantities can lead to various poisonings. D) Although 3,000 of 12 million known chemicals can be toxic, the consumption in large amounts of any substance also causes different types of poisonings. E) Just as about 3,000 chemicals out of 12 million known ones have toxic properties, also any substance, if taken in large amounts, can cause a variety of poisonings. 41. Sadece kişinin sahip olduğu kilosu değil, aynı zamanda vücut yağının oranı da antibiyotiklerin vücut üzerindeki etkisini azaltabilir. A) The effect antibiotics have on the body falls sharply due to the weight a person has as well as the proportion of his body fat. B) Antibiotics have less and less effect on the body if a person has much weight and a high proportion of body fat. C) Not only the weight a person has, but also the proportion of his body fat may reduce the effect on the body of antibiotics. D) The antibiotic effect on the body is much reduced not only because of the weight a person has but also due to the proportion of body weight. E) It is due to a person’s weight as well as the proportion of his body fat that the effect antibiotics have on the body is reduced. 42. – 46. sorularda, boş bırakılan yere, parçadd anlam bütünlüğünü sağlamak için getirilebillece cümleyi bulunuz. 42. Recent studies have revealed that heart disease had plagued man long before fried hamburgers and cigarettes came along. For instance, the upper classes of ancient Egypt were riddled with cardiovascular disease that dramatically raised their risk of heart attacks and strokes. Doctors made the discovery after taking hospital X-ray scans of 20 Egyptian mummies that date back more than 3,500 years. ----In some of the individuals, up to six different arteries were affected. A) Atherosclerosis is widespread today and, despite the differences between ancient and modern life styles, it seems to have also been common among ancient Egyptians. B) It was impossible to determine what kind of diet the Egyptians had, but it is known that beef, duck, and goose were often on the menu at this time. C) The medical team, whose findings were published in a leading American medical journal, analyzed bones in the mummies to work out their ages when they had died. D) It was unclear whether atherosclerosis had caused the demise of any of the mummies in the study. E) The scans revealed signs of atherosclerosis, a life-threatening condition where fat and calcium build up in the arteries, clogging them and stiffening their walls. 2010-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Sağ. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. A 26 43. A Belgian doctor, who gave a man a new life after he was wrongly believed to be in a coma for 23 years, has begun to re-examine dozens of other cases. He reports that he has discovered some degree of consciousness in other patients but will not say how many. ----“It is unbelievably difficult to tell the difference,” he says. A) Not wanting to believe the Belgian doctors, the coma patient’s mother had taken him on five separate trips to the US for neurological testing. B) In the case of the coma patient, the man was put through a PET scan, which revealed his fully conscious mental state. C) Long before his intervention in the case three years ago, his patient had been declared by other doctors to be in a vegetative state following a car crash. D) He sees around 50 cases a year, most of which focus on identifying the fine distinction between a vegetative state and minimal consciousness. E) Since what he describes as his “rebirth” three years ago, the coma patient has been able to visit his father’s grave to witness the planting of a tree. 44. ----They treated the oesophageal cancer cells with curcumin ‒ a chemical found in the spice turmeric, which gives curries a distinctive yellow colour ‒ and found it started to kill them within 24 hours. The cells also began to digest themselves. Previous studies had suggested that curcumin could suppress tumours, although it lost its anticannce attributes quickly when ingested. However, the Irish study suggests a potential for scientists to develop curcumin as an anti-cancer drug to treat oesophageal cancer in particular. A) No relationship has been scientifically established between the eating of curries and the development of oesophageal tumours. B) American researchers had said in 2007 that eating curries might help stimulate immunesysste cells in patients with Alzheimer’s disease. C) Cancerous tumours of the oesophagus are especially deadly, with five-year survival rates of just 12% to 31% being reported. D) Curcumin has been shown to cause oesophageal cancer cells to die by using an unexpected system of cell messages. E) Researchers at a cancer centre in Ireland have discovered that a molecule found in a curry ingredient can kill oesophageal cancer cells. 45. The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation has a special programme that provides motivation money for the development of ideas to improve the health of those living in poor countries. ----There were 76 winners of $100,000 each in the third round, announced in October, 2009. The inventions ranged from a type of chewing gum that can detect signs of malaria in a person’s saliva to remote diagnosis of pneumonia through mobile-phone microphones that record people’s coughs. A) The programme, which has five rounds and is known as “The Grand Challenges Explorations”, is open to researchers from around the world. B) Since its inception, the Foundation has primarily focused on the improvement of hospitals and health services in African countries. C) Scientists specializing in health issues often form research partnerships with university hospitals. D) One winner in a previous round has been awarded a further $1 million to enable him to continue working on his proposal. E) In fact, the Foundation does not release details of the area reports prepared by the researchers working in Africa. 46. When it comes to teenage births, the US is backsliding. ----Between 2005 and 2007, however, it crept up 5%. While the rate is still well below its early-1960s bubble, experts are getting worried about the trend line. A) In the state of Texas, for example, the government requires only that public schools emphasize sexual abstinence. B) In 1960, before the advent of oral contraceptives, the rate in America was more than double what it is today. C) Between 1991 and 2005, the teenage birth rate declined by 34%, according to the National Centre of Health Statistics. D) The state of Texas now has the third-highest rate of teenage births, after Mississippi and New Mexico. E) In terms of repeat pregnancies of teenage girls, the city of Dallas has the highest rate in the entire country: 28%. 2010-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Sağ. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. A 27 47. – 51. sorularda, karşılıklı konuşmanın boş bırakılan kısmını tamamlayabilecek ifadeyi bulunnuz 47. Martin: -This is amazing! It says here in the newspaper that they are testing a new invention: a portable dialysis machine. Anthony: -What’s so amazing about that? Martin: -----Anthony: -That should make life a lot more pleasant for them. A) The kidneys are remarkably efficient organs of the human body, provided they work properly. B) Just think of the millions of lives saved through dialysis. C) Recent research shows that daily dialysis is better for kidney patients than the traditional monthly schedule. D) You wouldn’t want to be tied to a machine in a hospital or a clinic for hours every day for the rest of your life, would you? E) Well, in the future, kidney patients will be able to carry with them a mobile device, like a phone, that will do the dialysis. 48. Daisy: -You know, our government should follow the lead of others, like Portugal, and decriminalize the personal use and possession of all drugs, including heroin and cocaine. Nancy: -But wouldn’t that cause an explosion in the rate of drug addiction? Daisy: -----Nancy: -Really? If that is so, we must consider it seriously. A) People wrongly tend to confuse decriminalization with legalization. B) No. On the contrary, Portuguese drug addicts rushed into drug-treatment programmes when the rules changed, and overall drug use across society has declined remarkably. C) Actually, the Portuguese were fearful at first that the prestige of their country would be undermined. D) In Portugal, the number of addicts registered in drug-substitution programmes rose from 6,000 in 1999 to over 24,000 in 2008. E) Despite the criticism from the opposition parties, the Portuguese government took this courageous decision in 2001. 2010-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Sağ. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. A 28 49. Tom: -Do you know that there are 160 medical centres in this country dedicated to the needs of very sick children? Randy: -No. What do you mean by very sick, anyway? Tom: -----Randy: -It’s sad to think that kids so young may never get the chance to grow up. A) For example, when I was ten years old, I came down with hepatitis and missed two months of school. B) Ten separate medical specialties have been assessed for quality at the top 56 children’s hospitals nationwide. C) These are kids with rare or life-threatening illnesses such as metastatic bone cancer or severe heart defects. D) The surgical death rate, for instance, is a category that children’s hospitals are judged on when the assessments are being conducted. E) To a young patient at serious risk, factors such as the hospital’s reputation for managing complex illnesses matter a lot. 50. Louis: -You should have gotten a flu shot last autumn. Then, you wouldn’t have become so sick with the flu. Margaret: -I’m not so sure it would have done any good, since every year a different type of flu attacks the world. Louis: -----Margaret: -Then, you’re right; I could have spared myself a miserable two-week bout of illness. A) Actually, I have heard that there is a new molecular technique being used in flu-vaccine production. B) Every year, the US government organizes a campaign to ensure that more than 100 million Americans are given a vaccine against the flu virus. C) Don’t you know a sort of library of 27 billion antibodies was created from the blood of just 57 human volunteers in 2004? As a result, they were able to find an antibody for the SARS virus. D) You know, the famous bird flu of 2007 turned out to be four separate circulating strains. E) The vaccine makers know that! That’s why they spend several months every year matching a new vaccine to the distinctive molecules on the surface of the latest mutation of the flu virus. 2010-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Sağ. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. A 29 51. Sally: -I recently read that there’s a lot of research, going on in China now, into stem cells from human embryos. Sylvia: -That’s not surprising when you consider that, in their culture, embryos are not thought of as human beings. Sally: -----Sylvia: -The international scientific community should do what it can to put a stop to that activity! A) I know it; that’s a belief that goes as far back as the great Chinese philosopher Confucius. B) In fact, I have always believed that stem-cell treatment is essential for some deadly diseases. C) Many uneducated people in the West think stem cells are used to clone human beings and create spare body parts. D) Actually, a new technique allows scientists to create stem cells without destroying a human embryo. E) A number of proper clinical trials are being conducted, using stem cells for conditions like heart-muscle damage and liver disease. 52. – 56. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü bozan cümleyi bulunuz. 52. (I) Huge dust storms, like those that turned the air red across much of eastern Australia during 2009, spread lethal epidemics around the world. (II) For instance, dust storms originating in the Sahara Desert are thought to be responsible for spreading meningitis spores throughout semi-arid central Africa. (III) Higher temperatures and more intense storms are likewise linked to “valley fever”, a fatal disease contracted from a fungus in the soil of the central valley of California. (IV) According to the World Meteorological Organization, dust storms cause enormous damage to the ecology of forests. (V) Scientists now see such dust clouds as possible transmitters of influenza, SARS, and foot-and-mouth diseases. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V 2010-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Sağ. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. A 30 53. (I) The Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria in Geneva channels money donated by affluent governments, including the UK and the US, to poor nations. (II) But in Uganda, in 2005, it all went wrong. (III) The money that most African governments set aside for buying and distributing medicines is too little. (IV) The Fund suspended all its grants to the country for two-and-a-half months after discovering that money was being stolen by officials in the Ministry of Health. (V) Future grants were made conditional on annual audit reports being produced by the government, which took three years to emerge. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V 54. (I) British medical researchers recently looked at the records of more than 800,000 people who had been treated for high blood pressure between 2002 and 2006. (II) Those who took angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) were up to 50% less likely to be diagnosed with dementia, compared with those on other blood-pressure medications. (III) When they took their medicine in combination with the more commonly prescribed ACE inhibitors, the risk was even further reduced. (IV) Of those with an existing diagnosis of dementia, this same combination meant they were less likely to be admitted to a nursing home or die prematurely. (V) High blood pressure over long periods can lead to damaged blood vessels. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V 55. (I) A leading pharmaceutical company recently announced that it had tested 13,500 molecules against the parasite that causes malaria. (II) Malaria has been known about since ancient times and has gone under many names. (III) Today, it kills over a million people a year, most of them young children. (IV) Where it originally came from, though, has been a matter of scientific debate for half a century. (V) It was in 1958 that a noted anthropologist first suggested that Plasmodium falciparum (the deadliest of the four or five parasites that cause human malaria) had jumped into people from chimpanzees 10,000 years ago. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V 56. (I) Just one of the problems facing government policymakers and health-care professionals is widespread ignorance about responsiveness to and tolerance for drug treatments in a population of over-65s. (II) Clinical trials for new drugs rarely address populations of old people as a sizable component. (III) More importantly, there has been little attempt to encourage post-market studies of existing drugs in elderly populations. (IV) But even in the medical community, there is a lack of awareness about the high suicide rate among the elderly. (V) However, as they become the biggest demographic segment in society, new opportunities will emerge for pharmaceutical and related companies. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V 2010-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Sağ. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. A 31 57. – 60. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız. A new vaccine that may offer lifetime protection against the flu has shown promise in human trials. It works on the deadly type A strain, responsible for pandemics. Current flu vaccines work by giving immunity against two proteins, called haemagglutinin and neurominidase, found on the surface of flu viruses. However, as these proteins continually mutate, vaccines have to be reformulated every year to keep on working. The new vaccine, known as ACAM-FLU-A, gets around this problem by homing in on a protein called M2, found on all type A strains, that does not mutate so readily. The vaccine could be quickly produced in response to a flu outbreak. The doses can be mass produced and used at any time, because there is no need to identify the most prevalent strains. In theory, a single injection could offer lifetime protection. Whether this will work in practice is a matter for future trials. 57. One can understand from the passage that the new vaccine ----. A) has not yet been tested on humans B) focuses on a protein that is common to A strains C) helps to identify the most prevalent strains D) does not mutate as readily as predicted E) cannot be produced in large quantities 58. According to the passage, the two proteins haemagglutinin and neurominidase ----. A) are the most prevalent strains of the disease B) home in on a protein called M2 that is present in all type A flu strains C) cannot mutate as rapidly as other proteins do D) are the active ingredients in the newly-developed vaccine E) require the development of new vaccines as they incessantly mutate 59. It can be understood from the passage that the protein M2 ----. A) mutates only when haemagglutinin and neurominidase mutate B) is common to all types and strains of flu C) does not mutate at the same rate as do other proteins found on flu viruses D) could be produced quickly in response to a flu epidemic E) can, in theory, be destroyed through forced mutation 60. One can understand from the passage that flu vaccines currently on the market ----. A) do not provide lifetime immunity to the type A strain of flu B) have proven rather promising in human trials C) eliminate the need to identify the most prevalent strains of flu D) give immunity against the M2 protein E) are subject to future trials on other strains 2010-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Sağ. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. A 32 61. – 64. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız. The loss of one sense encourages the development of the four others. This has now been demonstrated convincingly in a study by a team of doctors. During five days, volunteers taking part in the study were blindfolded and asked to carry out exercises designed to stimulate the sense of touch. When their brains were then tested using an MRI, an area of the visual cortex was shown to have been activated as if, being underused, this area was brought in to help the subjects when they had to rely on touch. About 24 hours later, after the blindfolds came off, the participants lost this aptitude. Previously, scientists had always believed that the brain was organized into distinct and highly-specialized systems. This new study, however, shows that the human brain has the ability to reorganize itself. In addition, the rapid reversibility of the process suggests that it is not based on the creation of new nervous connections but on the activation of previously inhibited zones. 61. According to the passage, zones in the brain that were inactive before ----. A) continually undergo reverse processes B) activate the previously inhibited nervous connections C) become inhibited when used excessively D) are created by new nervous connections E) may become activated when one sense is lost 62. According to the passage, the study made it clear that ----. A) the volunteers lost their aptitude when blindfolded B) the brain is organized into highly-specialized systems C) MRI tests yielded no reliable results on the activation of the visual cortex D) self-reorganization is an important trait of the human brain E) one of the five senses was usually more developed than the other four in humans 63. One can understand from the passage that ----. A) the loss of one sense forces the brain to reorganize itself B) the visual cortex is stimulated when under-used C) it took about one day for the subjects to get used to visual stimuli D) the subjects were people with poor or no eyesight E) new nervous connections are rapidly reversed by active zones 64. It is clear from the passage that the doctors blindfolded the volunteers ----. A) as if the subjects’ visual cortexes were shown to have been activated B) in case the subjects carried out exercises designed to stimulate their sense of touch C) so as to see how their sense of touch responded to the temporary loss of sight D) in order to see how long it took to lose a natural skill E) so that they could force the subjects to rely on their visual skills 2010-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Sağ. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. A 33 65. – 68. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is an anxiety disorder that can develop after exposure to a terrifying event or ordeal. While many scientific studies focus on the molecular mechanisms for learning and memorization, scientists need to address the “unlearning” process to tackle PTSD. Researchers have discovered that a receptor for glutamate, the most prominent neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, plays a key role in the unlearning process. They made this discovery in experiments where they trained mice to fear a sound by coupling it with an electric shock to the foot. They found that if, following this fear conditioning, the mice are repeatedly exposed to the sound without the electric shock, their fear eventually subsides. However, mutant mice lacking the gene-coding for metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) are unable to shake off their fear of the now harmless sound. The researchers believe that a similar mechanism might be perturbed in PTSD sufferers and that metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) may provide a potential target for new therapeutic treatments. 65. It can be understood from the passage that mGluR5 ----. A) might disturb PTSD sufferers’ learning mechanisms B) is essential in unlearning a previously-acquired behaviour C) makes mutant mice unable to overcome learned fears D) prevents PTSD sufferers from carrying out tasks like memorization E) is often activated through conditioning 66. It is clear from the passage that PTSD ----. A) hinders learning and memorization B) often results in partial memory loss C) results from changes in molecular mechanisms D) may result from a traumatic experience E) gives rise to terrible events or ordeals 67. According to the passage, scientists can deal with PTSD ----. A) by attending to the unlearning process B) if they focus more on learning and memorization C) unless they tackle their terrifying experiences that cause it D) in case they address issues related to unlearning E) through the deactivation of mGluR5 68. According to the passage, the mice used in the experiments ----. A) lacked the ability to learn new behaviour B) could recover from the fear conditioning only through shock therapy C) displayed endurance to sounds accompanied by electric shocks D) eventually overcame their fear of the sound with the help of mGluR5 E) soon forget the difference in various kinds of sound 2010-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Sağ. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. A 34 69. – 72. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız. A team of scientists have recently identified one of the molecules responsible for the tubular shape of blood vessels. Originally known for regulating blood vessel development for life, the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) proteins analyzed by the research team have proven to be more interesting than initially thought. The team found that a certain variation of VEGF attracts an “instructor” protein. When this variant, with the instructor protein attached, docks with a receptor on the surface of a cell, a signal telling the cell to form a tube-like shape with its neighbours is sent to it. When the instructor cell is absent, the cells line up next to one another to form a sheet. Scientists believe that not only could this contribution allow blood vessels to be created from stem cells, but the discovery might be employed in other tube-like structures in the body, such as the lungs and the intestines. Far from being confined to blood vessels, the discovery thus opens the door to resolving the problem of three-dimensional reconstruction of organs from stem cells. 69. It is clear that the study mentioned in the passage revealed that ----. A) VEGF proteins have functions which were previously unknown B) VEGF proteins help cells to form sheets C) blood vessel development does not last a lifetime D) VEGF proteins help to identify molecules that give blood vessels their tubular shape E) it is barely possible for VEGF proteins to regulate blood vessel development 70. One can understand from the passage that the instructor proteins ----. A) regulate lifetime blood vessel development B) make the analysis of VEGF proteins easier C) are present in all cells found in organisms D) contribute to the vascular endothelial growth E) make cells form tube-shaped structures 71. It can be understood from the passage that the discovery ----. A) proves the impossibility of forming blood vessels from stem cells B) may only be used in blood vessel reconstruction C) excludes medical applications related to lungs and intestines D) could help scientists to rebuild organs from stem cells E) confines stem-cell research to the reconstruction of tube-shaped organs 72. According to the passage, the absence of an instructor protein ----. A) causes receptors to form on the surface of cells B) results in the forming of a sheet by cells C) helps cells to form a tube-like shape with its neighbours D) attracts VEGF proteins to stem cells E) helps cells dock with their closest neighbours 2010-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Sağ. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. A 35 73. – 76. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız. A study by a group of scientists has resulted in a major step forward in overcoming drug addiction. As addiction was known to cause molecular changes in the brains of addicts, causing their neurons to transmit much stronger signals of dopamine, a messenger molecule involved in reward-seeking behaviours, the scientists were hoping to prove experimentally that certain key proteins in the dopamine-producing neurons influence drug addiction. It was an inspired guess, as the study found that mice in which these key proteins had been selectively switched off displayed clear addictive behaviour. For instance, mice in which the CluR1 protein was switched off showed a much longer period of dependence. Conversely, re-administration of cocaine after a long break immediately re-ignited the addiction, but mice whose NR1 protein had been deactivated resisted relapsing into addictive behaviours. The ability of these proteins to determine addictive behavioural patterns makes them fascinating. 73. According to the passage, the NR1 protein in the mice involved in the experiment ----. A) helps to determine CluR1 protein levels B) could not be deactivated completely C) is found to have no relevance to addictive behaviours D) causes a relapse into addiction when active E) is currently the only substance used in the treatment of addiction 74. One can understand from the passage that drug addiction ----. A) diminishes the strength of neural signals of dopamine B) switches off reward-seeking behaviours C) affects the molecular structure of the brain D) exterminates dopamine-producing neurons E) causes a selective deactivation of proteins 75. As can be understood from the passage, the discovery ----. A) could offer new ways of treating addictive behaviours in humans B) showed that addictive behavioural patterns are too complex to be classified C) proved the importance of refraining from long breaks between cocaine doses D) revealed that mice and human addictive behavioural patterns were completely different E) may, in the future, be used to re-ignite substance addiction 76. It is clear from the passage that the CluR1 protein ----. A) excites new addictive behavioural patterns that previously did not exist B) is the by-product of molecular changes in the brain C) requires the re-administration of cocaine D) immediately re-ignites the addiction when switched on E) can increase resistance to addiction when active 2010-ÜDS İlkbahar /İNG-Sağ. Bil. Diğer sayfaya geçiniz. A 36 77. – 80. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız. A deficiency in Vitamin D is known to cause various diseases due to insufficient calcium or phosphate in the bones. Vitamin D is actually an umbrella term that covers a group of steroid molecules. Of these, only Vitamin D3 requires sunlight to synthesize. It is formed in the skin of all mammals when light energy is absorbed by a precursor molecule called 7-dehydrocholesterol. A recent study found that at the height of summer, two minutes’ exposure of the face and arms to the sun, three to four times a week, could supply enough Vitamin D3. This rose to 15 minutes in the winter. Ironically, Vitamin D deficiency, which may also lead to skin cancer, is actually very common in some of the sunniest but most underdeveloped countries in the world. This is not because of malnutrition or a lack of dietary supplements, as most people mistakenly think. In fact, it is because very dark skin colour slows the rate of Vitamin D3 production by a factor of six, and people in these countries are usually heavily veiled when outside, as well. In addition, wearing sunscreen with a sun protection factor greater than eight will also block Vitamin D3 production. 77. According to the passage, the high rate of Vitamin D3 deficiency in underdeveloped countries with plenty of sunshine ----. A) may be prevented through the use of high-factor sun protection B) is mainly due to malnutrition C) is due to the fact that people are dark coloured and dress heavily D) can easily be blocked with dietary supplements E) results in the formation of steroid molecules 78. It can be understood from the passage that Vitamin D ----. A) is found in sunscreens with protection factor greater than eight B) is synthesized at a higher rate in people with darker skin colour C) has to be supplemented in the diet for the health of the bones D) might cause cancer when consumed in excessive amounts E) provides protection from both skeletal diseases and skin cancer 79. It is clear from the passage that ----. A) Vitamin D is absorbed only by 7-dehydrocholesterol B) not all forms of Vitamin D require sunlight to synthesize C) some mammals cannot synthesize Vitamin D D) steroid molecules need Vitamin D3 to function properly E) Vitamin D3 production is increased by a factor of six in the summer 80. One can understand from the passage that ----. A) exposure to the sun in summer for even two minutes can cause skin cancer B) one should wear sunscreen in very sunny areas to facilitate Vitamin D synthesis C) the human body can synthesize Vitamin D3 all year round, including winter D) steroid molecules function better when combined with dietary supplements E) lack of dietary supplements is a major cause of skeletal diseases TEST BİTTİ. CEVAPLARINIZI KONTROL EDİNİZ. ÜNİVERSİTELERARASI KURUL YABANCI DİL SINAVI (ÜDS) 21 Mart 2010 İNGİLİZCE SAĞLIK BİLİMLERİ TESTİ CEVAP ANAHTARI A KİTAPÇIĞI 1. E 2. D 3. B 4. E 5. A 6. C 7. A 8. B 9. D 10. B 11. E 12. A 13. C 14. E 15. D 16. B 17. C 18. D 19. E 20. B 21. D 22. A 23. C 24. A 25. B 26. D 27. B 28. E 29. C 30. E 31. B 32. D 33. E 34. A 35. E 36. B 37. C 38. A 39. D 40. A 41. C 42. E 43. D 44. E 45. A 46. C 47. E 48. B 49. C 50. E 51. A 52. D 53. C 54. E 55. A 56. D 57. B 58. E 59. C 60. A 61. E 62. D 63. A 64. C 65. B 66. D 67. A 68. D 69. A 70. E 71. D 72. B 73. D 74. C 75. A 76. E 77. C 78. E 79. B 80. C