NETWORK THEORY : Introduction to Network
(general term) NETWORK THEORY
Signal Analysis : In the field of communications, signal processing, and in electrical engineering more generally, a signal is any time-varying or spatial-varying quantity.
In physical world any quantity measurable through time or over space can be taken as a signal. Signal Analysis
Complex Frequency : In mathematics and engineering, the S plane is the name for the complex plane on which Laplace transforms are graphed. Where we view the processes in frequency domain (depend on ‘s’ used in Laplace). Complex Frequency
Network Analysis : A network, in the context of electronics, is a collection of interconnected components.
Network analysis is the process of finding the voltages across, and the currents through, every component in the network.
Types of Electrical Networks
Linear Network
Non Linear Network
Bilateral Network
Unilateral Network
Active Network
Passive Network
Lumped Network
Distributed Network Network Analysis Linear Network : A circuit or network whose parameters i.e. elements like resistances, inductances and capacitances are always constant irrespective of the change in time, voltage, temperature etc. is known as linear network. The ohm’s law can be applied to such network. The mathematical equations of such network can be obtained by using the law of superposition. The response of the various network elements is linear with respect to the excitation applied to them. Non Linear Network : A circuit whose parameters change their values with change in time, temperature, voltage etc. is known as non linear network. The ohm’s law may not be applied to such network. Such network does not follow the law of superposition. The response of the various elements is not linear with respect to their excitation. The best example is a circuit consisting of a diode where diode current does not vary linearly with the voltage applied to it. Bilateral Network : A circuit whose characteristics, behaviour is same irrespective of the direction of current through various elements of it, is called bilateral network. Network consisting only resistances is good example of bilateral network. Unilateral Network : A circuit whose operation, behaviour is dependent on the direction of the current through various elements is called unilateral network. Circuit consisting diodes, which allows flow of current only in one direction is good example of unilateral circuit. Lumped Network : A network in which all the network elements are physically separable is known as lumped network. Most of the electric networks are lumped in nature, which consists elements like R, L, C voltage source etc.
General Characteristics and description of Signals : In information theory, a signal is a codified message, that is, sequence of states in a communication channel that encodes a message.
In context of signal processing, arbitrary binary data streams are not considered as signals, but only analog and digital signals that are representations of analog physical quantities.
In communication system, a transmitter encodes a message into a signal, which is carried to a receiver by the communications channel. General Characteristics and description of Signals
Step Function and associated wave forms : In mathematics, a function on the real numbers is called a step function (or staircase function) if it can be written as a finite linear combination of indicator functions of intervals. Step Function and associated wave forms
The Unit Impulse Function : In the context of signal processing a function ᵟ(x) can be referred as unit impulse function, if it has the value zero everywhere except at x = 0 where its value is infinitely large in such a way that its total integral is 1. The Unit Impulse Function
Introduction to Network Analysis : Network analysis is the process of finding the voltage across, and the currents through, every component in the network.
To analysis a network we generally assume that the component of the network are all linear. Introduction to Network Analysis
Network Elements : A network element is usually defined as a manageable logical entity uniting one or more physical devices.
Any individual circuit element with two terminals which can be connected to other circuit element, is called a network element.
Network elements can be either active elements or passive elements. Active elements are the elements which supply power or energy to the network. Voltage source and current source are the examples of active elements. Passive elements are the elements which either store energy or dissipate energy in the form of heat. Resistor, inductor and capacitor are the three basic passive elements. Inductors and capacitors can store energy and resistors dissipate energy in the form of heat. Network Elements
Initial and Final Conditions : Initial and Final Conditions
Step and Impulse Response : Step and Impulse Response
Solution of Network : Solution of Network