Electricity – Part I : Electricity – Part I An Introduction
What is Electricity? : What is Electricity? Electricity is generated from the motion of tiny charged atomic particles called electrons and protons!
Protons = +
Electrons = -
Types of Sources used to make Electricity : Types of Sources used to make Electricity Thermal
Geothermal
Nuclear
Hydroelectric
Solar
Wind
Pictures of each Source : Pictures of each Source
How do we get Electricity? : How do we get Electricity? Energy from one of the sources is converted by machines at the power plant to Electricity and then put onto the Electric Power Grid
Electric Power Grid
Power Plants
Transmission Lines
Substations
Power Lines
Transformers
Electrical Wiring and Circuit Box
Pictures of each piece of the Power Grid! : Pictures of each piece of the Power Grid!
Your Electric Vocabulary : Your Electric Vocabulary Circuit
Transformer
Series Circuit
Parallel Circuit
Insulator
Conductor
Proton
Electron
Life without Electricity---!!! : Life without Electricity---!!! How would you prepare your lunch?
How would you wash clothes?
When would you go to bed?
Think about all the luxuries the discovery of Electricity has brought us!
No Television
No Radio
No Lights
Inventors and Inventions : Inventors and Inventions 1752 – Lightning Rod 1879 – Light Bulb
Ben Franklin Thomas Edison
1800 – Electric Battery 1888 – AC Power
Count Alessandro Volta Nikola Tesla
1805 – Refrigerator 1910 – Flashlight
Oliver Evans Conrad Hubert
1876 – Telephone 1920 – Traffic Light
Alexander Graham Bell Garrett Morgan
More Inventors and Inventions : More Inventors and Inventions 1927 – Television 1973 – Internet
Philo T. Farnsworth Vinton Cerf
1945 – Computer 1991 - WWW
Mauchley and Presper Tim Berners-Lee
1954 – Microwave 1955 – TV Remote
Percy Spencer Eugene Polley
Electricity – Part II : Electricity – Part II Fun Fun Fun with Activities….
Station # 1 - Magnets : Materials:
1 set of double-sided magnets
1 set of bar magnets (if possible)
small cup of metal shavings (if possible) Station # 1 - Magnets
Station # 1 - Follow Directions : Station # 1 - Follow Directions First, rub the balloon on your head and describe what it does when you bring it near your hair (It is best to let the group member with the longest hair do this). Answer: It makes the hair stand on end.
If the balloon is positively charged (+), then which charge is in your hair? Answer: negatively charged because they attract.
If you rub the balloon on your head for 5 seconds (have a group member time you), how many pieces of paper can you pick up? If you rub the balloon on your head for 10 seconds, can more pieces of paper be picked up? Answer: More pieces get picked up because there is more charge.
What do you think…? Can this balloon be used to make a light bulb light up? Answer: Yes, but it will only light up for a split second.
Station # 1 - Diagram : Station # 1 - Diagram Simple Bar Magnet
Results Opposite ends “Attract” Like ends “Repel”
Station # 2 - Static Electricity : Materials:
1 balloon
10 small pieces of paper
1 light bulb Station # 2 - Static Electricity
Station # 2 - Follow Directions : Station # 2 - Follow Directions Place the magnets together. Then turn one of them over on its other side and see what happens when you bring the magnets close together.
Describe what you see and why what you see happens? Answer: The magnets will stick to each other when you have their opposite charged sides facing each other, and they will repel each other when the sides with like charges are facing each other.
Station # 2 - Diagram : Station # 2 - Diagram Static Electricity After rubbing both of
these items, they now have
a CHARGE! Like charges
attract
Station # 3 - Insulators and Conductors : Materials:
1 Circuit with a 9-volt battery
1 pencil and piece of paper
1 nail
1 match stick
1 paper clip
1 penny
1 eraser Station # 3 - Insulators and Conductors
Station # 3 - Follow Directions : Station # 3 - Follow Directions Before putting each item into the circuit, list which ones you think will be conductors and which will be insulators? Answer: the nail, the paper clip, and the penny are all conductors.
Place each item into the circuit and see what happens (Conductors will keep the light working while insulators will not allow electricity to pass and light up the light bulb).
Station # 3 - Diagram : Station # 3 - Diagram Insulators and Conductors
Station # 4 - Circuit Trivia : Materials:
1 pre-made circuit (with wires and battery)
two styrophone cups
4 paper clips
one cup of salt water
one cup of regular tap water Station # 4 - Circuit Trivia
Station # 4 - Follow Directions : Station # 4 - Follow Directions This is a circuit like the one at Station #3. Instead of using one of the items like a paper clip or an eraser, a cup of both fresh water and salt water is used. Do you think both of them will allow the light to keep working or just one? Answer: Both cups of water conduct electricity, but salt water has more floating charges called “ions.” The light will be brighter when hooked up to this cup.
Explain what you think? Answer: ???????
Station # 4 - Diagram : Station # 4 - Diagram + + _ _ Salt Water Mix Tap Water Battery Battery + + + + + _ _ _ _ _ _ + + _ Light Light Paper clips
Electricity – Part III : Electricity – Part III Electricity costs money!
Safety tips!
Guest speaker tells all!
How you can save electricity and money? : How you can save electricity and money? Light bulb - 0.3 to 0.5 cents per hour
Color TV – 0.8 cents per hour
Computer – 1.5 cents per hour
Average Shower – 15 cents per shower
Freezer – 3.7 cents per hour
Stereo – 2.5 cents per hour
Water Heater – 22.5 cents per hour
Always play it safe! : Always play it safe! Safety rules
1 – Never climb trees near power lines
2 – Never go around downed power lines or substations
3 – Never use electrical appliances near the bathtub
4 – Stay away from all electrical equipment (meters, transformers, etc.)
5 – Do not swim or play outside on a stormy day
6 – Never put fingers or other objects near electrical outlets
7 – Obey all safety signs
8 – Never use appliances with cords showing bare wire
Safety in a storm! : Safety in a storm! Stay away from tall objects such as trees
Stay out of open fields or areas where YOU are the tallest thing
If your hair stands on end, crouch low to the ground with as little of your body in contact with the ground as possible
Electricity Trivia : Electricity Trivia How does a bird stand on a power line and not get shocked?
How does lightning work?
Lightning and how to be safe : Lightning and how to be safe Clouds move in… The ground…. The air gets
weaker and
heats up! Lightning travels
At 186,000 miles per second Thunder travels 1 mile
In 4.5 seconds
Guest Speaker: Mr. Roy Dean Williams : Guest Speaker: Mr. Roy Dean Williams North East Mississippi Electric Power Association provides power to residents living in the Lafayette County area
Main topic: Safety around electricity
His job requires him to understand how electricity works and how to play it safe around electricity
Electricity tour around Lafayette Elementary
Electricity – Part IV**This part should be used to challenge 2nd and 3rd graders! : Electricity – Part IV**This part should be used to challenge 2nd and 3rd graders! Exploration of Solar Power
Experimenting with the Electric Box
Putting it all together……DESIGNING!!!
Exploring Solar Power : Exploring Solar Power 1. The goal of the exploring process is to
lead the students up to the challenge of
designing their own solar racer as a class.
2. A pre-made solar powered racer will be
shown and questions will be asked about its
Design. For instance should the car be heavy,etc.
3. Other example toys and gadgets harnessing
the power of the sun will be shown.
Exploring the Solar Power - Kits : Exploring the Solar Power - Kits
Exploring the Solar Power - Cars : Exploring the Solar Power - Cars
Exploring the Solar Power - Options : Exploring the Solar Power - Options
THE END : THE END