RICARDO E. VALENZUELA RUIZARQUITECTO : RICARDO E. VALENZUELA RUIZARQUITECTO E-mail varr1947@yahoo.com
Skype. rico0013 http://englishmistakeswelcome.blogspot.com/Blog Spanish blog: English blog: http://ricardo-elcastellanoenmxico.blogspot.com/
Assyria: : Assyria:
Assyria: ancient kingdom in Mesopotamia now Iraq : Assyria: ancient kingdom in Mesopotamia now Iraq Assyria in earliest historical times referred to a region on the Upper Tigris river, named for its original capital, the ancient city of Ashur. Later, as a nation and Empire, it also came to include roughly the northern half of Mesopotamia (the southern half being Babylonia). Assyria proper was located in a mountainous region, extending along the Tigris as far as the high Gordiaean or Carduchian mountain range of Armenia, sometimes called the "Mountains of Ashur". 1.- When did they first settle?
2.- When did they become an Empire? 3.- How long did the Empire last? Which were their main cities? 1.- Where were they established?
Ziggurat : Ziggurat 1.- What is a ziggurat? Vocabulary:
Tier: One of two or more layers one atop another
Pyramid: A massive monument with a square base and four triangular sides;
Mound: A small natural hill
Clay: A very fine-grained soil that is plastic when moist but hard when fired
Mud: Water soaked soil; soft wet earth An assistant of Layard (Rassam) discovered the Rassam Cylinder which recorded that the great Ziggurat was erected in 1820 B.C. and was rebuilt by Tiglath-pileser I around 1110 B.C.). There were also rows of steles discovered of Assyrian kings from Adad-nirari I to Ashurbanipal, alomg with the tombs and sarcophagi of other kings.
King Sargon II moved the capital of Assyria from
Asshur : Asshur Asshur (Assur) was the first capital of ancient Assyria. In fact the name "Assyria" is a derivative of the name "Asshur," and is used in ancient literature as a name for a god, a city, and a territory. The modern name of the site of ancient Asshur is Qala’at Sherqat and it is located on a hill which overlooks the Tigris River about 25 miles south of Tell Hassuna. Any trade that passed north south east or west usually passed through this ancient city. Vocabulary:
Ancient: Belonging to times long past especially of the historical period before the fall of the Western Roman Empire
Derivative: (linguistics) a word that is derived from another word Overlooked
Be oriented in a certain direction
Nineveh : Nineveh Nineveh was the famous capital of ancient Assyrian and one of the mightiest cities of all antiquity. It is situated on the east bank of the Tigris River just opposite modern Mosul. Palace of Sennacherib According to the Scriptures Nimrod was the founder of Nineveh he city itself, with the walls around it, was 3 miles long and 1.5 miles wide. It is interesting that the prophet Jonah described the "great city" of Nineveh as a "3 days journey" across, obviously referring to the whole territory as does other parts of the Bible. He must have passed through several cities at the time.
. : . Ashurnasirpal, whose name (Ashur-nasir-apli) means, 'the god Ashur is the protector of the heir', came to the Assyrian throne in 883 BC. He was one of a line of energetic kings whose campaigns brought Assyria great wealth and established it as one of the Near East's major powers.
Ashurnasirpal mounted at least fourteen military campaigns, many them were to the north and east of Assyria. Local rulers sent the king rich presents and resources flowed into the country..
By the time that Ashurnasirpal died, in 859 BC, Assyria had recovered much of the territory that it had lost around 1100 BC as a result of the economic and political problems at the end of the Middle Assyrian period. Ashurnasirpal
View of Asurnasirpal II's palace with a view of the ziggurat associated with the Ninurta Temple). : View of Asurnasirpal II's palace with a view of the ziggurat associated with the Ninurta Temple). Assyrian wealth was ploughed into impressive building works undertaken in a new capital city created at Kalhu (modern Nimrud). Here a citadel mound was constructed and crowned with temples and the so-called North-West Palace. Military successes led to further campaigns, this time to the west, and close links were established with states in the northern Levant. Fortresses were established on the rivers Tigris and Euphrates and staffed with garrisons Vocabulary
Plough
Undertake
Crowned
Levant
Staffed
Garrisons
´Plan view of King Arzubanipal’s palace : ´Plan view of King Arzubanipal’s palace
Interior view of King Arzubanipal’s palace : Interior view of King Arzubanipal’s palace