Slide 1 : Latin Year 1:
Forms
(Grammar Book 2-13)
Slide 2 : Pronunciation 2. 3. Note: Very often in practice the difference between the long and short vowels is ignored, all of them being given the quality of long vowels. In reading poetry a quantitative difference alone is then maintained between long and short vowels
Slide 3 : 4. 5. Diphthongs ae
oe
au like ou in out like e in they Consonants Most of the consonants are pronounced as in English, but:
c and g are soft before e, i, ae, oe; otherwise hard.
Hard c as in cat; soft c as in cell.
Hard g as in gun; soft g as in germ.
j pronounced like y as in yet. Roman Soldier
Slide 4 : 6. Division into Syllables a. A single consonant goes with the following vowel.
ma / ter ; nau /ta ; no / men
b. Two or more consonants are divided after the first.
por / ta ; exer / citus ; pul / chra 7. 8. Note: But when a mute (c, g, p, b, t, d) or f is followed by r or l, both consonants go with the following vowel.
la / crima ; a / grum ; pa / trem ; va / fra ; locu / ples Roman Soldier Roman Soldiers came from all over the Roman Empire. Their job was to defend Rome and fight to conquer new lands to add to the Roman Empire. Roman Soldiers, once they joined the Roman Army had to serve for twenty-five years.
Slide 5 : Accent 9. a. In words of two syllables the accent is on the first.
vía ; béllum
b. In words of more than two syllables, if the second last syllable is long it is accented; otherwise the accent is on the third last syllable.
vidérunt ; ágmine 10. Amphitheater in ancient world The earliest gladiator contests were held in the Roman Forum, or in the Circus Maxmius when no chariot races were scheduled. But, in 29 BC, the construction of the first Roman amphitheater was completed. The structure was specifically developed for large shows and came into fruition as the idea of two normal theaters combined together. These structures were perfect for the wildly popular gladiatorial matches of the day. These exhibitions were historically derived from customs associated with Etruscan funeral ceremonies, but as the Roman Empire grew in power they threw off the shackles of the past, and any connection to these ancient rituals were soon forgotten.
Slide 6 : Quantity of Syllables 11. 12. 13. A syllable is short if it contains a vowel that is short by nature or that is followed by another vowel or diphthong.
regere ; gloria
b. A syllable is long if it contains a vowel that is long by nature or a vowel that is followed by two consonants other than a mute (c, g, p, b, t, d) or f followed by a liquid (r, l)
studere ; regendus
Note: x and z each count as two consonants (cs and ds) ;
h and the u in qu do not count as consonants ___