COMMERCIAL FISHING VESSEL EMERGENCY INSTRUCTION AND DRILL MANUAL F/V____________________________________ AS REQUIRED BY THE COMMERCIAL FISHING INDUSTRY VESSEL SAFETY ACT OF 1988 (46 CFR 28.265 Maritime License Training Co. PO BOX 330561 ATLANTIC BEACH FL 32233 EMAIL: CAPTRJRUSSO@YAHOO.COM TEL (904) 891 9712 1What Does This Manual Do? This manual was developed to help commercial fisherman in the Southeastern United States meet some of the requirements of the Commercial Fishing Vessel Safety Act of 1988. It is intended to be used as a guide for required on-board safety drills and emergency instructions by the on-board Drill Conductor. As of 1993, documented vessels that engage in fishing beyond the boundary line are required to have an emergency instruction and drill manual as well as document training for crewmembers. It’s no secret that the entire maritime industry as well as the government has recognized that training increases the chances of survival in the event a disaster occurs. What is contained in this manual can help you and your crew comply with a course of action in case of an emergency. This manual is designed to be used by the On-board Drill Conductor who has undergone training provided by Maritime License Training Company. This 8 Hour US Coast Guard approved course provides practical hands-on training in the use of survival equipment that would be found on most commercial fishing vessels. The course meets the training required for commercial fishermen operating on documented vessels beyond the boundary line. Fishermen who attend the course are issued a Drills Conductor card that serves as proof of compliance with the USCG training requirements. The cards do not have an expiration date. Topics covered in the course are: • Fire Fighting • Life rafts and Life Floats • MAYDAY Calls • Immersion Suits and PFDs • Visual Distress Signals • EPRIBS • Emergency Repairs • 2HOW TO USE THIS MANUAL Captains and Drill Conductors can use this manual as a guide for vessel orientation for new crewmembers, drills and debriefs. All crewmembers should be familiar with the contents of this manual. This manual should be kept readily available for review at all times. GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS: This section explains what every crewmember is responsible for knowing while on-board the vessel VESSEL ORIENTATION FOR NEW CREWMEMBERS: This section is a checklist of the required topics to be covered with all crewmembers including vessel layout, safety and survival equipment and emergency assignments. There is a blank page attached to this section for you to include any special instructions you want to make new crewmembers aware of. HOW TO CONDUCT EFFECTIVE DRILLS: This section provide hints and tips for conducting effective drills that actually train crewmembers with realistic experiences. On-board safety drills are required to be conducted on a monthly basis by the Drill Conductor. ** EMERGENCY EQUIPMENT LOCATION & ABANDON SHIP: This section is simply an outline for you to fill out to provide a layout that is correct for YOUR vessel. This section is unique to your vessel ** EMERGENCY ASSIGNMENTS & SIGNALS: A place to list crewmember names and/or other persons with specific response tasks in case of man overboard, fire, flooding or abandon ship. This section also provides the signals for these emergencies. ** DISTRESS (MAYDAY) BROADCAST: This sections provides an outline to ensure anybody can contact the US Coast Guard and provide any information necessary to effect a rescue ** DONNING IMMERSION SUITS: This section provides instructions for quick and proper donning of an immersion suit FIRE: The procedures for fighting a fire on-board are listed here. Also listed are key points for conducting fire drills and drill debriefs MAN OVERBOARD: The procedures for man overboard are covered including key points for drills and drill debriefs 3ABANDON SHIP: The procedures for abandoning ship so as to maximize the probability of survival. This section also includes key points for drills and drill debriefs. FLOODING: This section covers likely actions to take in the event of flooding including temporary repairs. CROSSING HAZARDOUS BARS/HEAVY WEATHER: The instructions for crossing a hazardous bar or simply enduring heavy weather at sea are covered ** SAFETY ORIENTATION LOG: This log sheet is to be signed by all crewmembers to show their understanding of the emergency instructions contained in this manual and instructions specific to your vessel ## ** MONTHLY DRILL LOG: This log sheet provides an up-to-date record of the drills given onboard and who attended them ## ** MONTHLY EPRIB TEST LOG: This log sheet records the time and date of the required monthly EPRIB test including battery and hydrostatic release expiration dates ## ADDITIONAL INFORMATION: This sheet records any vessel specific information the owner or captain wishes to record ** These are required to be posted in a continuously accessible location on board a fishing vessel with more than four people operating beyond the boundary line. Vessels with four or less people on board do not need to post these instructions but must maintain them in a readily available place ## Two sheets are provided. The second sheet is to make copies as needed. WHO WE ARE AND WHAT WE DO: This course is presented by Maritime License Training Co., a Jacksonville based, U.S. Coast Guard Approved licensing school. You can contact us at 904-891-9712 for questions about this manual, training program or for any questions and courses for Coast Guard licensing. Your instructor is Capt. Robert Russo, who holds a 1600 GRT Oceans license and a Master of Towing Vessel license. Capt, Russo was a clam fisherman as a young man. 4TABLE OF CONTENTS INSTRUCTIONS ON HOW TO ORIENT NEW CREWMEMBERS AND CONDUCT DRILLS General Instructions……………………………………………………..6 Vessel Orientation for New Crewmembers……………………………..7 How to Conduct effective Drills………………………………………...8 IINSTRUCTIONS REQUIRED TO BE POSTED Location of Emergency equipment and Abandon Ship Stations………..9 Station Bill (Emergency Stations) and Signals…………………………10 Distress Broadcasts (MAYDAY)………………………………………11 Donning Immersion Suits……………………………………………….12 INSTRUCTIONS REQUIRED TO BE READILY AVAILABLE FIRE……………………………………………………………………..13 ABANDON SHIP…..…………………………………………………..14 MAN OVERBOARD.……………………………………………..……15 HEAVY WEATHER AND HAZARDOUS BARS…………………….16 LOGS Safety Orientation Log…………………………………………………...17 Monthly Drills Log………………………………………………………18 Monthly EPRIB Test Log………………………………………………..19 SURVIVAL…………………………………………………………………...20 VESSEL SPECIFIC OWNER/CAPTAIN INFORMATION………21 5GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS F/V___________________________________________ CAPTAIN_____________________________________ DRILL MASTER_______________________________ 1. ALL persons on board shall: a. Report to the Captain for an orientation briefing b. Be assigned Emergency Stations c. Be responsible for knowing their emergency duties 2. Emergency Duties include knowing: a. The location of lifesaving and emergency equipment b. How to operate assigned equipment c. How to make a distress call d. What to do in the event of a fire e. What to do in the event of a man overboard f. What to do in the event of an abandon ship order g. What to do in the event of flooding h. What to do in the event of heavy weather or hazardous bars 6VESSEL ORIENTATION FOR NEW CREWMEMBERS 1. Provide vessel layout diagram 2. Show Vessel Safety and Survival Equipment a. Immersion Suit/PFD: need, stowage, fit, donning b. Life Raft/Life Float: need, location, function, deployment, what not to do c. EPRIB: need, location, function, what not to do d. Radio(s): need, location, function, use e. Electronic Position Fixing Device/GPS: function, use, how to find position f. Visual Distress Signals/Flares: need, location, use, what not to do g. Fire Extinguishers: location, function, use, what not to do h. Other Equipment: Line Throwing Gun, Man Overboard Recovery Gear, First Aid Kit, etc. i. Engine: On, off, steering, fuel and lube selection, etc j. Fuel Shut Off and Crossover Valves k. Alarms: what they are, what they mean, reporting inoperative alarms l. Entrapment and Exit Routes m. Hazards: winches. Hatches, machinery, lines, slippery areas, etc n. Hypothermia, recognition and treatment o. Placards, reporting all injuries and malfunctions, waste disposal p. Emergency Instructions 3. Emergency Assignments /Station Bill – Individual Specific Responsibilities a. Abandon ship b. Fighting Fires c. Recovering man overboard d. Minimizing flooding/temporary repairs e. Launching Life Raft/Life Float f. Donning Immersion Suits/PFDs g. Making Radiotelephone Distress Call (MAYDAY) h. Activating General Alarm 7HOW TO CONDUCT EFFECTIVE DRILLS BE REALISTIC • Scenarios should be as realistic as possible • Crewmembers should be subjected to some pressure as this is normal in an emergency. Each crewmembers must know it is his personal responsibility to be safe. It is a basic part of his job BE SPONTANEOUS • Don’t always announce drills ahead of time: BUT ALWAYS ANNOUNCE A DRILL AS A DRILL. • Don’t always conduct drills on the same day or at the same time. Perform drills at the dock, while underway, at night and in heavy rain. Be creative DO HANDS-ON DRILLS • Learning retention for hand-on training is almost 90% • Make crew members touch emergency equipment as much as possible • Making crew members familiar with equipment during daytime AND nighttime should be stressed MAKE DRILLS PROGRESSIVE • Start with simple walk-thru and build skill and speed but never include running • Progress to more complicated scenarios. • Throw in “curves” to make drills more interesting BUILD TEAMWORK • Build on the team you already have for fishing • Teamwork will increase efficiency and save lives • Crew members should do some cross-training to cover each others responsibilities in the event of injury. If the skipper is injured, is the crew prepared to do everything necessary to aid him • All hands should participate in drills BE POSITIVE • Drills should not have any punishments associated with them. Drills should never be used to harass or intimidate. • While drills might never be fun….they can show the crew they can count on each other during a real emergency. DEBRIEF ALL DRILLS • A drill is not complete until it is debriefed • Encourage crew members to talk about what they learned, how the drill could be made better and what else they would like to drill on. 8EMERGENCY EQUIPMENT FOR F/V ________________________________ CODES TO USE EPRIB EPRIB RADIO VHF Radio PFDs Life Jackets Isuit Immersion Suit FE Fire Extinguisher O Life Ring VDS Flares LF Life Float 9EMERGENCY ASSIGNMENTS (STATION BILL) NAME FIRE MAN OVERBOARD ABANDON SHIP Fire Alarm 3 Prolonged Blasts (4-6 sec) 7 short blasts 1 Continuous followed by 1 long blast (more than blast 10 seconds) Station/Bring Station/Bring Station/Bring CAPTAIN 10DISTRESS BROADCAST (MAYDAY) 1. Make sure radio is turned on 2. Select VHF Channel 16. Do not use a VHF channel that all of the other boats are on. You MUST communicate with the US Coast Guard to get rescued. If you are using Single Side Band then select 2182 KHZ for communication. If you use the VHF radio, other vessels in the area may be able to respond. If you talk with other fishing vessels, only they know about the emergency. If you use a cell phone, only the person you talked with knows about the emergency 3. Press the microphone button. Speak slowly, clearly and calmly. SAY: MAYDAY MAYDAY MAYDAY THIS IS THE FISHING VESSEL ________________________ FISHING VESSEL ____________________________________ FISHING VESSEL_____________________________________ MY POSITION IS _____________________________________ use Latitude and Longitude from your GPS I AM _____________________(On Fire, Sinking, etc.) I ESTIMATE I CAN STAY AFLOAT ______________ (Hours/Minutes I HAVE _______________ PERSONS ON BOARD MY VESSEL IS A _____________________TYPE OF VESSEL ____________ FEET LONG, HAS A ______________ HULL WITH ___________________TRIM I WILL BE STANDING BY ON CHANNEL 16 THIS IS F/V_____________________ OUT 4. Release the microphone button. If time permits standby the radio to answer the Coast Guard or another vessel. If no one answers in 5 minutes, repeat the call/11DONNING IMMERSION SUITS Your life may depend on your ability to quickly don an immersion suit. This is the reason, we practice this task at least once a quarter. Repeated practice will reduce your required time from minutes to seconds. 1. Don the suit while sitting on the deck. While you can certainly stand and don the suit in settled weather, violent vessel movement or heavy listing may prevent donning the suit while standing. 2. Sit on the deck and work your legs into the suit. You can leave your shoes on. You may also choose to wear extra, warm clothing. 3. Put one arm, usually your weaker arm (i.e. your left arm if you are right handed) into the suit. 4. Put the hood on your head 5. Put your other arm into the other sleeve 6. While bending slightly backwards, hold the zipper below the slide with on hand and fully close the zipper by pulling on the zipper lanyard with the other hand 7. Do not inflate the air bladder until you are in the water 8. Enter the water, feet first with your legs held together. Hold onto your hood with one hand and your face seal with the other. 9. If you can avoid jumping that is better 10. Beware of snagging gear on the boat or in the water. 12FIRE 1. Whoever discovers the fire, NOTIFY THE PILOTHOUSE, SOUND THE ALARM AND CALL MAYDAY ON THE VHF RADIO 2. If possible, shut off the air supply to the fire. Close hatches, doors, ports, windows and blowers, 3. De-energize the electrical system supplying the affected space if possible 4. Assemble fire fighting equipment and muster the crew 5. Attack fire 6. Maneuver the vessel to minimize the effect of wind on the fire. Set up the boat so smoke is blowing away from the boat 7. Move any survival gear that may be threatened by the fire 8. Check adjoining spaces to prevent the spread of the fire 9. Once the fire is extinguished, check stability of vessel, set an overhaul/fire watch for reflash. If you used water in putting the fire out, begin de-watering operations. 10. If you cannot extinguish the fire, notify the Coast Guard and other nearby vessels and make preparations to abandon ship 13ABANDON SHIP 1. Preparations should include the following as time and conditions allow: a. Sound the General Alarm b. Send a MAYDAY c. Muster all hands d. Prepare to launch the LIFE FLOAT or LIFE RAFT e. Get the abandon ship kit which should include: i. Visual Distress Signals (Flares) ii. EPRIB iii. Flashlights iv. Hand-held radio v. Extra water and food vi. First aid kit 2. Take a muster of all hands 3. When sinking is about to occur a. Close watertight openings b. Launch the Life Float c. Keep sea painter attached to boat but be prepared to cut it d. Activate the EPIRB 14MAN OVERBOARD 1. Throw a life ring or flotation as soon as possible 2. Mark your position on your GPS 3. Post a lookout, as high as possible, who will keep the individual in sight and tell the pilot house where the man is located with reference to the vessel. 4. Have a crew member put on an immersion suit, attach a safety line to that individual and have him ready to enter the water if necessary to render aid 5. If you do not recover the man immediately notify the Coast Guard and other vessels and commence a search patter 6. After recovering the man, ensure hyperthermia does not set in 15HEAVY WEATHER/CROSSING HAZARDOUS BARS 1, Notify all hands before heavy weather sets in or before you intend to cross a hazardous bar. 2. Close all water tight doors and hatches including air vents to prevent water from entering the vessel. Secure all hatches 3. Pump bilges dry to prevent loss of stability 4. Inspect all intake and exhaust lines. Check to see all through hull valves can be closed 5. Do not wear PFDs or immersion suits while inside the vessel but have them broken out so as to be readily available 6. Be prepared to implement temporary repairs to the hull 16SAFETY ORIENTATION LOG FOR F/V_________________________________________________ This certifies that I have read and received a safety orientation briefing on this vessel including the instructions, emergency assignments and diagrams contained herein and understand the above. DATE PRINTED NAME SIGNATURE ________________________________________________________________________ 17MONTHLY DRILLS LOG DRILL PERFORMED DATE DATE DATE DATE DATE DATE ABANDON SHIP FIRE in different locations MAN OVERBOARD DON IMMERSION SUIT & PFDs MAYDAY USING FLARES/EPIRB LAUNCH LIFE FLOAT ACTIVATING FIRE ALARM HEAVY WEATHER – FLOODING DRILL PERFORMED DATE DATE DATE DATE DATE DATE ABANDON SHIP FIRE in different locations MAN OVERBOARD DPN IMMERSION SUITS 7 PFDs MAYDAY USING FLARES/EPIRB LAUNCH LIFE FLOAT ACTIVATING FIRE ALARM HEAVY WEATHER 18MONTHLY EPIRB TEST LOG FOR F/V ______________________________________________ Battery Expiration Date Hydrostatic Release Expiration Date DATE TIME COMMENTS 19WATER SURVIVAL SKILLS This section should be read by all hands and you should also use it as a refresher teaching tool. Perhaps the most difficult survival situation to be in is sea survival. Short term or long term survival depends on training, equipment and your will to survive. As a survivor on the open sea, you will face wind and waves. You may also face extreme heat or cold. After about 12 hours, you will also face life threatening conditions such as hypothermia. We are going to cover three survival scenarios ranging from very bad to tolerable. No gear, just a PFD and using a life float or life raft. 1. If you are forced to abandon ship with no warning and no survival gear, you are not doomed. Relax to start with; a person who knows how to relax in ocean water is in little danger of drowning for quite some time. The body’s natural buoyancy will keep at least the top of your head above water but some movement is needed to keep your face above the water. 2. Floating on your back takes the least energy. Lie on your back in the water, spread your arms and legs; arch your back slightly. By controlling your breathing in and out, your face will almost always be out of the water. 3. If the sea is too rough and you cannot float on your back, float face in the water by doing the following: a. Float upright in the water and take a deep breath b. Lower your face into the water and keep your mouth closed while you bring your arms forward to rest at the water level c. Relax in this position for a count of 30 d. Raise your head above the water and exhale. Take another deep breath and return to the relaxed position 4. If you have a life preserver, PDF, you will float indefinitely with no effort. Type I PFDs will turn an unconscious person face up and keep his face out of the water without any effort. 5. A significant step up in probability of survival no matter what the weather is an immersion suit. Immersion suits are not expensive and in tests pretty much assure survival for days with little hypothermia exposure and little effort to remain above the water 206. We have mentioned hypothermia a few times and you might be wondering what it means. Hypothermia is simply the body’s heat loss caused by immersion in water, Life expectancy in water is more or less as follows Water Temperature Life Expectancy Above 70 degrees F 24 hours 60-70 degrees F 12 hours 50-60 degrees F 6 hours 40-50 degrees F 1 hour 40 degrees F and below Less than 1 hour If you use an antiexposure suit which is less protective than an immersion suit, you will generally increase the life expectancy times above up to three times so that immersion in water between 60 and 70 degrees F, you might expect to survive for up to 36 hours. 7 Immersion suits will allow a man in good health who was well hydrated before entering the water to survive in water between 60 and 70 degrees F over 96 hours. 7. Life floats with immersion suits and life rafts without immersion suits represent your best probability of survival. People have survived in excess of 90 days at sea in an equipped life raft. Vessel equipped with life rafts should obtain a training video for the raft so that all crewmembers will become familiar with this survival gear 2122 VESSEL SPECIFIC INFORMATION