Slide 1 : Group Dynamics Dr. Savita Manchekar
Slide 2 : Group dynamics is the study of groups, and group processes. It is the study of personal interrelationships among members of a group. Definitions It is the study of underlying features of group behaviour such as group motives and attitudes. It is concerned with the constantly changing characteristics of groups.
Slide 3 : Goal oriented activities: Share some common aims.
Well organized: Binding roles to play, rules, regulation and a sets of norms--- gives unique identity.
Interdependency: Influence of each others’ actions that bring changes in personalities.
Power Structure: can be autocratic or democratic in terms of power can be hierarchic where power is vested in the highest authority of the group or vertical where it is vested in every member. Unique characteristics of Human Groups
Slide 4 : Types of Group Interaction Educational implications:
Successful social adjustment, Personality development and co-incidental education. 1. Unorganized Social Interaction: Purpose:
Companionship, Recreation, Interaction, Casual enlightenment.
Slide 5 : Educational Implication:
To pool individual finding for--
Reference reading,
Experiments and
Experience. 2. Collaborative group interaction
--Pooling of group information Purpose:
Augmenting, Rounding out, Clarification of unfamiliar knowledge.
Slide 6 : Educational Implications:
To solve a common problem,
Reach cooperative decision with consensus,
Formulate or refine group policies. 3. Logical Group interaction Purpose:
Discussion to reach a group decision.
Slide 7 : Focus areas of Group Dynamics *Group Communication *Group Conflict
*Group Decision Making *Group Leadership
*Group Morale *Group Norms & Values
*Group Problem Solving *Group Process Targeting these areas to develop positive groups.
Slide 8 : Developing positive groups Characteristics of positive / effective groups Democratic atmosphere.
Involved and interested group members.
Consensus in decision making.
Clarity in task, roles and assignments.
Emotional stability.
Regular assessment of performance, purpose, and process.
Constructive criticism.
Slide 9 : Developing positive groups Bruce Tuckman’s Model of Group Development for the team……. to grow, to face up to challenges,
to tackle problems, to find solutions,
to plan work, to deliver results. Stages of Group development:
1. Forming 2. Storming
3. Norming 4. Performing
Slide 10 : The team meets and learns about the opportunity and challenges.
Members exchange some personal information, make new friends.
Initially uninformed of the issues and objectives of the team.
Agree on goals and begins to tackle the tasks.
Focused on themselves but at their best behaviour.
Mature team members model appropriate behavior. Forming… A Stage of knowing one another
Slide 11 : Studying Group Dynamics at this stage:
Supervisors in the role of director.
Opportunity to assess how each member of the
team works as an individual
And how they respond to pressure.
Slide 12 : Studying Group Dynamics at this stage:
More accessible Supervisors if needed,
Non participatory observation,
Non-interference in decision making,
Motivating the groups to resolve their differences amicably. Storming : Stage to develop tolerance & patience Team members open up to each other and confront each other's ideas and perspectives.
Addresses issues related to problem, resolution and individual as well as group roles.
Slide 13 : Norming:
Members work by agreeing on rules, values, professional behavior, shared methods, working tools and even taboos.
Adjust their behavior to each other and begin to exhibit group think.
Develop more natural and fluid work habits.
Team members begin to trust each other.
Motivation increases as the team gets more acquainted with the task.
Slide 14 : Studying Group Dynamics at this stage:
Supervisors:
More participative than in the earlier stages.
Can observe….
Members changing views about each other,
Take more responsibility for making decisions and for their professional behavior.
Slide 15 : Performing
High-performing team because…
Are able to function as a unit.
Find ways to get the job done smoothly and effectively without inappropriate conflict or the need for external supervision.
Increased level of interdependent, motivation and knowledge.
More competent, autonomous and able to handle the decision-making process without supervision.
Slide 16 : Studying Group Dynamics at this stage:
Supervisors:
More participative role than in the earlier stages.
Can observe….
The team making most of the necessary decisions. Reverting to earlier stages in certain circumstances.
For example,
A change in leadership may cause the team to revert to storming as the new people challenge the existing norms and dynamics of the team.
Slide 17 : Characteristics of class as a group Common Goal: Well defined and decided by the school.
Organized structure: Homogeneity in terms of age, subject background etc.
Motivation: To achieve the set goal.
Leadership: Leader of the class either elected by students or selected by the teacher.
Slide 18 : Need for the teacher to study Group Dynamics: To understand the process of interaction among students.
To understand the structure of different groups.
To identify the causes of conflicts, rivalry fear or anxiety of students that can come in the way of learning.
To find measures to maintain conducive climate in the class.
Slide 19 : Better guidance for adjustment and better inter group interaction.
To improve the social and emotional climate in the class. Essential factors to improve group relationship in the class: Teacher’s behaviour..
Impartial,
Role model,
Handling problems psychologically.
Slide 20 : Free Discussion among groups in a democratic climate.
Effective two way communication among students and between teacher and students.
Encouragement to the feeling of Cohesiveness among students in the class.
Counseling at every stage of development to improve emotional climate.
Arranging different activities like tours and visits to bring students closer to each other to improve social climate.
Slide 21 : References:
1. Chauhan, S.S. (2000) Advanced Educvational Psychology Vikas Publishing House Pvt. Ltd. Delhi
2. Maude B. Muse (Apr., 1950), Group Dynamics in Education The American Journal of Nursing, Vol. 50, No. 4 pp. 238-241 published by: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
URL’s:
http://www.jstor.org/stable/3467753
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Group_dynamics
http://www.yourdictionary.com/group-dynamics
http://www.answers.com/topic/group-dynamics-2