Chemistry - Periodic Table: Electronic configuration of the element

Electron Filling (orbitals) in Periodic Table : Electron Filling (orbitals) in Periodic Table

The Periodic Table : The Periodic Table Li 3 He 2 C 6 N 7 O 8 F 9 Ne 10 Na 11 B 5 Be 4 H 1 Al 13 Si 14 P 15 S 16 Cl 17 Ar 18 K 19 Ca 20 Sc 21 Ti 22 V 23 Cr 24 Mn 25 Fe 26 Co 27 Ni 28 Cu 29 Zn 30 Ga 31 Ge 32 As 33 Se 34 Br 35 Kr 36 Rb 37 Sr 38 Y 39 Zr 40 Nb 41 Mo 42 Tc 43 Ru 44 Rh 45 Pd 46 Ag 47 Cd 48 In 49 Sn 50 Sb 51 Te 52 I 53 Xe 54 Cs 55 Ba 56 * Hf 72 Ta 73 W 74 Re 75 Os 76 Ir 77 Pt 78 Au 79 Hg 80 Tl 81 Pb 82 Bi 83 Po 84 At 85 Rn 86 Fr 87 Ra 88 Y Rf 104 Db 105 Sg 106 Bh 107 Hs 108 Mt 109 Mg 12 Ce 58 Pr 59 Nd 60 Pm 61 Sm 62 Eu 63 Gd 64 Tb 65 Dy 66 Ho 67 Er 68 Tm 69 Yb 70 Lu 71 Th 90 Pa 91 U 92 Np 93 Pu 94 Am 95 Cm 96 Bk 97 Cf 98 Es 99 Fm 100 Md 101 No 102 Lr 103 La 57 Ac 89 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 * Lanthanides Y Actinides Noble gases Halogens Transition metals Alkaline earth metals Alkali metals 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

Orbitals Being Filled : Orbitals Being Filled 1s 2s 3s 4s 5s 6s 7s 3d 4d 5d 6d 2p 3p 4p 5p 6p 1s La Ac 1 3 4 5 6 7 4f 5f Lanthanide series Actinide series Groups 8 Periods 1 2 2 3 4 5 6 7 Zumdahl, Zumdahl, DeCoste, World of Chemistry 2002, page 345

Electron Filling in Periodic Table : Electron Filling in Periodic Table 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 s d p s f * W W *

Electron Filling in Periodic Table : Electron Filling in Periodic Table metallic character increases nonmetallic character increases metallic character increases nonmetallic character increases

Periodic Table : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 s d p s f * W W * Li 3 H 1 He 2 C 6 N 7 O 8 F 9 Ne 10 Na 11 B 5 Be 4 H 1 Al 13 Si 14 P 15 S 16 Cl 17 Ar 18 K 19 Ca 20 Sc 21 Ti 22 V 23 Cr 24 Mn 25 Fe 26 Co 27 Ni 28 Cu 29 Zn 30 Ga 31 Ge 32 As 33 Se 34 Br 35 Kr 36 Rb 37 Sr 38 Y 39 Zr 40 Nb 41 Mo 42 Tc 43 Ru 44 Rh 45 Pd 46 Ag 47 Cd 48 In 49 Sn 50 Sb 51 Te 52 I 53 Xe 54 Cs 55 Ba 56 Hf 72 Ta 73 W 74 Re 75 Os 76 Ir 77 Pt 78 Au 79 Hg 80 Tl 81 Pb 82 Bi 83 Po 84 At 85 Rn 86 Fr 87 Ra 88 Rf 104 Db 105 Sg 106 Bh 107 Hs 108 Mt 109 Mg 12 Ce 58 Pr 59 Nd 60 Pm 61 Sm 62 Eu 63 Gd 64 Tb 65 Dy 66 Ho 67 Er 68 Tm 69 Yb 70 Lu 71 Th 90 Pa 91 U 92 Np 93 Pu 94 Am 95 Cm 96 Bk 97 Cf 98 Es 99 Fm 100 Md 101 No 102 Lr 103 La 57 Ac 89 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 * W Periodic Table

Melting Points : 1 2 3 4 5 6 Li 180.5 He -269.7 C 4100 N -210.1 O -218.8 F -219.6 Ne -248.6 Na 98 B 2027 Be 1283 H -259.2 Al 660 Si 1423 P 44.2 S 119 Cl -101 Ar -189.6 K 63.2 Ca 850 Sc 1423 Ti 1677 V 1917 Cr 1900 Mn 1244 Fe 1539 Co 1495 Ni 1455 Cu 1083 Zn 420 Ga 29.78 Ge 960 As 817 Se 217.4 Br -7.2 Kr -157.2 Rb 38.8 Sr 770 Y 1500 Zr 1852 Nb 2487 Mo 2610 Tc 2127 Ru 2427 Rh 1966 Pd 1550 Ag 961 Cd 321 In 156.2 Sn 231.9 Sb 630.5 Te 450 I 113.6 Xe -111.9 Cs 28.6 Ba 710 Hf 2222 Ta 2997 W 3380 Re 3180 Os 2727 Ir 2454 Pt 1769 Au 1063 Hg -38.9 Tl 303.6 Pb 327.4 Bi 271.3 Po 254 At Rn -71 Mg 650 Mg 650 1 2 3 4 5 6 Melting Points Symbol Melting point oC > 3000 oC 2000 - 3000 oC La 920 He 0.126 Ralph A. Burns, Fundamentals of Chemistry , 1999, page 1999

Elements with Highest Densities : Elements with Highest Densities Year Density Element Discovered (g/cm3) Osmium 1804 22.59 Iridium 1804 22.56 Platinum 1784 21.45 Rhenium 1925 21.01 Neptunium 1940 20.47 Plutonium 1940 20.26 Gold prehistoric 19.32 Tungsten 1783 19.26 Uranium 1789 19.05 Tantalum 1802 16.67

Densities of Elements : 1 2 3 4 5 6 W Li 0.53 He 0.126 C 2.26 N 0.81 O 1.14 F 1.11 Ne 1.204 Na 0.97 B 2.5 Be 1.8 H 0.071 Al 2.70 Si 2.4 P 1.82w S 2.07 Cl 1.557 Ar 1.402 K 0.86 Ca 1.55 Sc (2.5) Ti 4.5 V 5.96 Cr 7.1 Mn 7.4 Fe 7.86 Co 8.9 Ni 8.90 Cu 8.92 Zn 7.14 Ga 5.91 Ge 5.36 As 5,7 Se 4.7 Br 3.119 Kr 2.6 Rb 1.53 Sr 2.6 Y 5.51 Zr 6.4 Nb 8.4 Mo 10.2 Tc 11.5 Ru 12.5 Rh 12.5 Pd 12.0 Ag 10.5 Cd 8.6 In 7.3 Sn 7.3 Sb 6.7 Te 6.1 I 4.93 Xe 3.06 Cs 1.90 Ba 3.5 Hf 13.1 Ta 16.6 W 19.3 Re 21.4 Os 22.48 Ir 22.4 Pt 21.45 Au 19.3 Hg 13.55 Tl 11.85 Pb 11.34 Bi 9.8 Po 9.4 At --- Rn 4.4 Mg 1.74 1 2 3 4 5 6 Densities of Elements Mg 1.74 Symbol Density in g/cm3C, for gases, in g/L 8.0 – 11.9 g/cm3 12.0 – 17.9 g/cm3 > 18.0 g/cm3 La 6.7

Slide 10 :

Slide 11 : Energy Sublevels

Slide 12 : Li 3 H 1 He 2 C 6 N 7 O 8 F 9 Ne 10 Na 11 B 5 Be 4 H 1 Al 13 Si 14 P 15 S 16 Cl 17 Ar 18 K 19 Ca 20 Sc 21 Ti 22 V 23 Cr 24 Mn 25 Fe 26 Co 27 Ni 28 Cu 29 Zn 30 Ga 31 Ge 32 As 33 Se 34 Br 35 Kr 36 Rb 37 Sr 38 Y 39 Zr 40 Nb 41 Mo 42 Tc 43 Ru 44 Rh 45 Pd 46 Ag 47 Cd 48 In 49 Sn 50 Sb 51 Te 52 I 53 Xe 54 Cs 55 Ba 56 Hf 72 Ta 73 W 74 Re 75 Os 76 Ir 77 Pt 78 Au 79 Hg 80 Tl 81 Pb 82 Bi 83 Po 84 At 85 Rn 86 Fr 87 Ra 88 Rf 104 Db 105 Sg 106 Bh 107 Hs 108 Mt 109 Mg 12 Ce 58 Pr 59 Nd 60 Pm 61 Sm 62 Eu 63 Gd 64 Tb 65 Dy 66 Ho 67 Er 68 Tm 69 Yb 70 Lu 71 Th 90 Pa 91 U 92 Np 93 Pu 94 Am 95 Cm 96 Bk 97 Cf 98 Es 99 Fm 100 Md 101 No 102 Lr 103 La 57 Ac 89 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 * W

Slide 13 : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 s d p s f * W W * Electron Filling in Periodic Table Li 2s1 H 1s1 He 1s2 C 2p2 N 2p3 O 2p4 F 2p5 Ne 2p6 Na 3s1 B 2p1 Be 2s2 H 1s1 Al 3p1 Si 3p2 P 3p3 S 3p4 Cl 3p5 Ar 3p6 K 4s1 Ca 4s2 Sc 3d1 Ti 3d2 V 3d3 Cr 3d5 Mn 3d5 Fe 3d6 Co 3d7 Ni 3d8 Cu 3d10 Zn 3d10 Ga 4p1 Ge 4p2 As 4p3 Se 4p4 Br 4p5 Kr 4p6 Rb 5s1 Sr 5s2 Y 4d1 Zr 4d2 Nb 4d4 Mo 4d5 Tc 4d6 Ru 4d7 Rh 4d8 Pd 4d10 Ag 4d10 Cd 4p1 In 5p1 Sn 5p2 Sb 5p3 Te 5p4 I 5p5 Xe 5p6 Cs 6s1 Ba 6s2 Hf 5d2 Ta 5d3 W 5d4 Re 5d5 Os 5d6 Ir 5d7 Pt 5d9 Au 5d10 Hg 5d10 Tl 6p1 Pb 6p2 Bi 6p3 Po 6p4 At 6p5 Rn 6p6 Fr 7s1 Ra 7s2 Rf 6d2 Db 6d3 Sg 6d4 Bh 6d5 Hs 6d6 Mt 6d7 Mg 3s2 Ce 4f2 Pr 4f3 Nd 4f4 Pm 4f5 Sm 4f6 Eu 4f7 Gd 4f7 Tb 4f9 Dy 4f10 Ho 4f11 Er 4f12 Tm 4f13 Yb 4f14 Lu 4f114 Th 6d2 Pa 5f2 U 5f3 Np 5f4 Pu 5f6 Am 5f7 Cm 5f7 Bk 5f8 Cf 5f10 Es 5f11 Fm 5f14 Md 5f13 No 5f14 Lr 5f14 La 5d1 Ac 6d1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 s d p s f * W W *

Names and Symbols of Selected Elements : Names and Symbols of Selected Elements Name* Symbol Name* Symbol Aluminum Al Lead (plumbum) Pb Argon Ar Lithium Li Barium Ba Magnesium Mg Boron B Mercury (hydrargyrum) Hg Bromine Br Neon Ne Cadmium Cd Nickel Ni Calcium Ca Nitrogen N Carbon C Oxygen O Chlorine Cl Phosphorus P Cobalt Co Potassium (kalium) K Copper (cuprum) Cu Silicon Si Fluorine F Silver (argentum) Ag Gold (aurum) Au Sodium (natrum) Na Helium He Strontium Sr Hydrogen H Sulfur S Iodine I Tin (stannum) Sn Iron (ferrum) Fe Zinc Zn *Names given in parentheses are ancient Latin or Greek words from which the symbols are derived.

Slide 15 : Copyright © 2007 Pearson Benjamin Cummings. All rights reserved.

Electronegativity : Electronegativity The ability of an atom in a molecule to attract shared electrons to itself. Linus Pauling 1901 - 1994

Electronegativities : 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 Electronegativities 7 Period 1A 2A 3B 4B 5B 6B 7B 1B 2B 3A 4A 5A 6A 7A 8A Hill, Petrucci, General Chemistry An Integrated Approach 2nd Edition, page 373 8B

Covalent Bonds : Polar-Covalent bonds Nonpolar-Covalent bonds Covalent Bonds Electrons are unequally shared Electronegativity difference between 0.3 and 1.7 Electrons are equally shared Electronegativity difference of 0 to 0.3 Example: H2O (water) O = 3.5 H = 2.1 difference is 1.4