Slide 1 : Acids and Bases
pH < 7 pH > 7
taste sour taste bitter
react w/bases react w/acids
proton (H1+) donor proton (H1+) acceptor
turn litmus red turn litmus blue
lots of H1+/H3O1+ lots of OH1–
react w/metals don’t react w/metals
Both are electrolytes.
Acid vs. Base : Acid vs. Base Acid pH > 7 bitter taste does not
react with
metals pH < 7 sour taste react with
metals Alike Different Related to
H+ (proton)
concentration pH + pOH = 14 Affects pH
and
litmus paper Base Different Topic Topic
Properties : Properties ACIDS BASES electrolytes turn litmus red sour taste react with metals to form H2 gas slippery feel turn litmus blue bitter taste ChemASAP vinegar, milk, soda, apples, citrus fruits ammonia, lye, antacid, baking soda electrolytes
Slide 4 : Copyright © 2007 Pearson Benjamin Cummings. All rights reserved. Acid
Sour taste
Turns blue litmus red
Reacts with some metals to produce H2
Dissolves carbonate salts, releasing CO2 Base
Bitter taste
Turns red litmus blue
Slippery to the touch
Slide 5 : Copyright © 2007 Pearson Benjamin Cummings. All rights reserved.
Common Acids and Bases : Common Acids and Bases Strong Acids (strong electrolytes) HCl hydrochloric acid
HNO3 nitric acid
HClO4 perchloric acid
H2SO4 sulfuric acid Kotz, Purcell, Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity 1991, page 145 Weak Base (weak electrolyte)
NH4OH ammonia NH3 + H2O ? NH4OH
Acid + Base ? Salt + Water : Acid + Base ? Salt + Water Orange juice + milk ? bad taste
Evergreen shrub + concrete ? dead bush
Under a pine tree + fertilizer ? white powder
HCl + NaOH ? NaCl + HOH salt water
Acid-Base Neutralization : Acid-Base Neutralization + + Dorin, Demmin, Gabel, Chemistry The Study of Matter 3rd Edition, page 584
Acid-Base Neutralization : Acid-Base Neutralization 1+ 1- + + Hydronium ion Hydroxide ion Water H3O+ OH- H2O Water H2O Dorin, Demmin, Gabel, Chemistry The Study of Matter 3rd Edition, page 584