Binary Hydrogen Compounds : Binary Hydrogen Compounds Oxysalts + H2O ? Oxyacids
Binary Hydrogen Compoundsof Nonmetals When Dissolved in Water : Binary Hydrogen Compoundsof Nonmetals When Dissolved in Water (These compounds are commonly called acids.) The prefix hydro- is used to represent hydrogen, followed by the name
of the nonmetal with its ending replaced by the suffix –ic and the word
acid added. Examples:
*HCl
HBr *The name of this compound would be hydrogen chloride if it was NOT dissolved in water. Hydrochloric acid Hydrobromic acid
Naming Simple Chemical Compounds : Naming Simple Chemical Compounds Ionic (metal and nonmetal) Covalent (2 nonmetals) Metal Forms
only one
positive
ion Forms
more than
one positive
ion Nonmetal Use the
name of
element Use element
name followed
by a Roman
numeral to
show the charge First
nonmetal Second
nonmetal Before
element name
use a prefix
to match
subscript Use a prefix
before
element name
and end
with ide Single
Negative
Ion Polyatomic
Ion Use the name
of the
element, but
end with ide Use the
name of
polyatomic
ion (ate or
Ite)
Naming Ternary Compounds from Oxyacids : Naming Ternary Compounds from Oxyacids The following table lists the most common families of oxy acids. one more
oxygen atom most
“common” one less
oxygen two less
oxygen HClO4
perchloric acid HClO3
chloric acid HClO2
chlorous acid HClO
hypochlorous acid H2SO4
sulfuric acid H2SO3
sulfurous acid H3PO4
phosphoric acid H3PO3
phosphorous acid H3PO2
hypophosphorous acid HNO3
nitric acid HNO2
nitrous acid (HNO)2
hyponitrous acid
Slide 5 : An acid with a
name ending in A salt with a
name ending in -ic -ous -ate -ite forms forms Hill, Petrucci, General Chemistry An Integrated Approach 1999, page 60
Oxyacids ? Oxysalts : Oxyacids ? Oxysalts If you replace hydrogen with a metal, you have formed an oxysalt.
A salt is a compound consisting of a metal and a non-metal. If the
salt consists of a metal, a nonmetal, and oxygen it is called an
oxysalt. NaClO4, sodium perchlorate, is an oxysalt. HClO4
perchloric acid HClO3
chloric acid HClO2
chlorous acid HClO
hypochlorous acid NaClO4
sodium perchlorate NaClO3
sodium chlorate NaClO2
sodium chlorite NaClO
sodium hypochlorite OXYACID OXYSALT
ACID SALT : ACID SALT per stem ic changes to per stem ate stem ic changes to stem ate stem ous changes to stem ite hyper stem ous changes to hypo stem ite HClO3 + Na1+ NaClO3 + H1+ acid cation salt