Information theory (support documentation) 1. What is the definition of information? 2. What is the average information (entropy)? 3. The types of information about the direction 4. Law of information 5. Violence and crime 6. Signal to attack the spirit 7. How to deal with the signal to attack the spirit? We quote some articles in part from Wikipedia.(http://ja.wikipedia.org/)(http://wikipedia.org) 1. What is the definition of information? Information is a kind of signal. In the early 20th century, Claude Shannon established the information theory. Mathematics, philosophy, theory of probability and statistics are used in the form of a more objective information theory. It has become available for us to use the theory. It is the foundation of technologies in today's information society. We need to know how important communication is. Communication is what makes us human. It can be said that all communication including words make us human. Today, we can learn that even animals and plants communicate with each other. Communication can become the foundation of the society. Compassionate mind, understanding for others and for oneself can be seen when communication takes place. So, with information and communication are not just the outward symbols, but are the foundation of all. In addition, all events have continuity and are related with each other. All things come from the relations. Therefore, if there is no relationship, we can’t see it there. I suppose that you can understand about that as a matter of common sense. 2. What is the average information (entropy). In the early 20th century, the concept of entropy was devised. It was devised as a measure of treating the amount of information objectively. Average information (entropy) is a measure of how certain of event is difficult to happen. Frequent occurrences (for example, "a dog bites a person") may not be a very important “information”. However, in contrast, if a rare event (for example, “a person bites a dog”) happens, then information has a lot of “information”. Therefore, the average information (entropy) can be considered as such that how much information an event has. For example, tossing a coin, and guess whether it will be heads or tails. The probability of getting a head is “p”, while the chances of getting a tail is “1 – p”. Average amount of information obtained when a coin thrown by is shown the formula below: H(X)= -p log p – (1-p) log (1-p) This function, f (p) = -p logp -(1 -p) log (1 -p) is called the entropy function. Look at the chart below. This is the chart of the entropy function. As you can see, p = 0 and p = 1 in H make zero. In other words, if you know for sure that the probability of getting heads or tails from a coin toss beforehand, then the average amount of information you may get will be zero. H will reach a maximum number when p = 1 /2. On the other hand, if you don’t know whether you get heads or tails, then the amount of information will be the greatest. Also, in general, when all events are equal probability, then the average information (entropy) becomes maximum. Now, please note that if you know the heads or tails beforehand from a coin toss, then the amount of information is zero. Also, we tell you about the "law of entropy increase" If you mix something hot and something cold, then the temperature would be medium-intensity temperature. However, temperatures will not rest at that. They will continue to change with time and other events from the first state. If it is generalized, the nature will always go forward from the state of a small amount of information to the state of the large amount of information. According to the "Law of entropy increase", the predetermined state of getting heads or tails from a coin toss is against the law of nature and will not last long. Thus, moving toward the more vivid directions with larger information is the nature exposed to someone's method of questioning.3. The types of information about the direction Information may be roughly divided into two types. One reflects the policy of "the law of entropy increase," and the other one does not. People’s thoughts, opinions and values, and the direction of people－people bring their own perspectives to these things. This can be roughly classified into two categories --whether they are in accordance with "the law of entropy increase” or not. Social systems, which play a role in the relationship among people, have many organizations such as each organization, region, country, allies, etc. However, the essence of these social systems is information. Social systems can roughly be divided into two categories whether they reflect the policy of "the law of entropy increase” or not. There are two types in all. It is either a thing reflects the policy of "the law of entropy increase” or not. 4. Law of information It is said that "Law of increasing entropy", from ancient times up to now is not just information or materials, but also the universal law, and it will be universal in the future. Although the history of mankind might have come on the various paths, they have reflected the policy of "the law of entropy increase". They have never been in accordance with "the law of entropy increase" throughout the history of mankind. The fact that people’s thoughts, opinions, and values, and the direction of people may be roughly divided into types means that the information which people lived in the past can also be classified into two categories. As long as all things follow the policy of "the law of entropy", everything which has a certain form will change as time goes by. This means that the older the existing information, the bigger the amount of information is. This situation is like the Japanese imperial family. For example, in a certain situation, the amount of information will be zero in a short time. If the results can be learned in advance like getting heads or tails from a coin toss, and repeating the same information in a unilateral way, the amount of information will be zero because the amount of information is close to zero. While, the information, which is in accordance with "the law of entropy increase”, has a large amount of information. Also, the amount of information even remains as time goes by. The amount of information which remains large toward the people’s thoughts, opinions, values, and directions may also be divided into two directions. One direction is that understanding the large amount of information and trying to develop it in accordance with "the law of entropy increase". The other one is to avoid understanding and reflecting the policy of "the law of entropy increase," and trying to deprive the values by fair means or foul. Information may be provided into these two types. Also, the directions of human being can be divided into these two types. 5. Violence and crime Whether people feel the sings of violence and crime or not cannot be determined by the stipulation of the law by human. It is determined by not reflecting the policy of the natural "law of entropy increase," and people feel instinctively the sings of violence and crime as their pains. The law by human has its own meanings because those who judge the law have sensitivities. The reason why "the democratic" system, which is thought and judged by many people has been prevail around the world, is that not to depend on the sensitivities of particular people. However, the original "democratic “systems may be made to find out the more objective directions that follow "the law of entropy increase". On the other hand, the systems have too much words, information and battered systems which are far from the realities. Japanese people originally know well that which direction is in accordance with "the law of entropy increase" because knowing it is a part of our lives. Also, if "the law of entropy increase" is based on the information theory, we can give things which need “interpretation” objectivity. Also, the objectivity has the objectivity around the world and comes from the minds of people, relations among people, organizations and countries etc. Information which has a large amount of information is like the information that some people are eager to tell their descendants, followed by a long tradition, promises among people, countries, courtesies, feelings, genes, things which people cherish and properties. Their importance does not change in that they are absolutely necessary worldwide. However, we also have the information that has a small amount of information. For example, the repetition of one-way information, the repetitively aired messages whose results are fixed have a small amount of information. Also, things which can be copied many times, superficial level of words, words which have no contents and just adjust to the situations have a small amount of information. We can say that making light of a large amount of information by not following the policy of "the law of entropy increase" is heinous and criminal. It is because making light of a large amount of information by not following "the law of entropy increase" is the same as downgrading the absolutely necessary things. We Japanese know that it is unethical not to understand the information that has a large amount of information, does not follow “the law of entropy increase” and make the law less valuable. We know that trying to do that will punish us later. We also know that abusing the law of continuity and the gaps in the numbers and giving people some pains are the violence We Japanese, why, all that you feel different from other countries, "the law of entropy increase" does not meet even the direction, you seem to have to meet someone that we have. As Japanese, I think that adjusting more may not follow “the law of entropy increase". Using the information theory allows you to realize and validate the evidence of the fact that “sending out the signals that attack one’s mind” was conducted would be universal, recognizable objectively, recordable historically and fit well with sensuously 6. Signal to attack the spirit "The law of entropy increase" exists in the natural laws and coincides sensuously. As long as the universe and nature follow "the law of entropy increase", if they do something that does not reflect the policy of "the law of entropy increase", then such actions would be highly visible as uniform patterns. Following "the law of entropy increase" is the original state of nature, thus if we change the scale, expand and simplify of "the law of entropy increase" in opposite direction, we can see the chart like this below. This is the state of the counter direction of "The law of entropy increase" being organized to certain directions. In this situation, the information other than the law being organized to certain directions will be blocked, and certain directions that doesn’t follow the law have been completed. If we change the scale of blue arrows and expand them one by one, we can see the repetitive similar patterns. This is the pattern which abuses the principle of continuity. It uses the local gaps in the numbers and utilizes such gaps as a means to give some pains. It goes against the direction of "the law of entropy increase". There are some similarities in the patterns of certain states. These states can be explained like this: One is the situation in which the one-way and a small amount of information is released repetitively and paralyze the sensitivities. The second is the situation in which one is compelled to change the fewer into the same directions by surrounding them. The third is the situation in which you can’t exercise the original situation that follows "the law of entropy increase" due to some regulations. These three patterns follow the same patterns from the mental and physical state to the ways of information. If more than a certain number of Japanese or people in the world feel these signals are sent out, then they may think those signals “sending out the signals that attack one’s mind” as susceptible of proof. 7. How to deal with the signal to attack the spirit? I have a feeling that I understand some things about “sending out the signals that attack one’s mind”. I say that the Japanese do not separate things and events. Events are also languages. Originally, they correspond with each other. It is rare and unusual for them not to correspond with each other. This exactly coincides with the law of nature and the direction of the information society of humanity. The direction follows the nature's laws toward the amount of information and the maximization. This is neither the one-way information nor the repetitive information. This is the information which one eager to tell, and the average amount of information (entropy) becomes maximum when people send out unique information each other. In addition, our ancestors used to have the information power that we can’t think of today. In addition, we have some abilities to deal with the national problems. No matter how hard the problems are, we can manage to solve them. Also, we exist because of the accumulation of people’s sincerities. These sincerities are made of the sincerity of each person. Its weight and the amount of information can’t be measurable. We need to think about what we should do even when we are in any emotional state or any physical condition, any state that builds up in our lives. With the change of the scale, we can alter the situations that does not go along with "the law of entropy increase" by “shaking lambently” the scale to the direction which follows "the law of entropy increase". No matter where the nature goes, it goes along "the law of entropy increase". “1, 2, 3, 4, 5 , 6 ,7 ,8 , 9, here, shake, shake it lambently!”. The person who made this phrase went back to the place where he was. The person lived his life by dealing in reality firmly. Also, this person left “the real information” that enables us get over all difficulty. We can chant the phrase, “1, 2, 3, 4, 5 , 6 ,7 ,8 , 9, here, shake, shake it lambently!” many times until when the directionality which goes against the "the law of entropy increase" disappears. It is said that chanting this phrase would enable the dead person to be born again. This is about the information. Seemingly surrealistic Stories and folklores including a large amount of information are the wisdom that serves people for many years to come. That is, information can be divided into two types. One is the trivial information, and the other is the information one does want to tell. What kind of information that one is eager to tell? That is something that enables descendants in the future can live no matter how difficult for them to live.This may be the parental tenderness which reflects the minds of parents. Parents may want to have their children receive good education and live by their own values. Such mentalities are still understandable today. This may be the mentality that can be utilized in the future society, or the mentality including the message one can live by being oneself can be told to others. Also, this may reflect the wish of parents that what they tell to their children would be utilized in the future. If this feeling is universal throughout the world and its history, we don’t need to implement the integration participating in fantasy with the word that has almost no information. We don’t need to create something in common among people by illusions. We have had a life that is integrated from the first. Now we are going to live in a society that seeks one’s real identity. Education of today is different from the education of the old times. Education of the old times had the realities of our ancestors, words, and information. The qualities of weighs of education of today and the old times are different. Education that we need today is not the skills to solve the questions that have answers but the education we need is to help people train them so that they can get over all difficulties that have no answers. We have a feeling that all things make us come to the wrong direction. We may have given children a lot of one-sided information. The information children receive has no amount of information and has answers. This makes children become dull people who can’t make good decisions in many ways, and just do what they are told to. I feel that almost all of us come to the same direction that encourages us to be dull people who always make excuses. However, it is the time for us to stop moving in the opposite direction. Now we can understand clearly that all the traditions including the prohibition of iconolatry, polytheistic religion,moral stories are a lesson to keep the power of information. Information has only two directions. One is in accordance with “the law of entropy increase” and the other is in the opposite of “the law of entropy increase”. The real law reflects the policy of “the law of entropy increase”, but the fake law does something that goes against the “the law of entropy increase”. Not only in Japan but also fakes exist everywhere in the world. We don’t bother to go to the opposite direction of “the law of entropy increase” and suffer from it. Originally, all things are real. Let’s take a direction that enables us be pleased and comfortable. Also, at times we try to rely on the force, violence, money and vote-getting power because we don’t know “the real power of information”. We have to change the whole world. It is same with changing ourselves by just recognizing ourselves. Sending out gibberish and low-energy information to the universe is meaningless. It may be better for us to send out “real information” little by little and try to understand each other. In the process trying to understand each other, we can make the relations among people, organizations or countries better. The relations between organizations and countries, the relations between countries and countries are information. The information and people or the information itself is all the realities. The realities do not move at every step. They come back to the realities many times and then go forward to the real direction. The direction we should take is the direction of “the entropy increase”. It is the direction that make us live vividly. Is it OK to leave praying seriously to the emperor only and we Japanese keep sleeping without praying forever? It is the time we should be serious. Now, we know what was a big snake with nine heads. We can understand well what our ancestors wanted to tell. We ourselves create the situation that makes the big serpent with nine heads come to alive and we are surrounded by the snake. The situation is the same to Goliath. I want the people who know the story of “David and Goliath” to make a guess and make sure in which direction David threw a stone to Goliath. David had two choices in which direction he could throw a stone. Any kinds of folklores are the important information that one does want to tell their descendants. The nature of information is the opposite of the information of today. The information of today has only a small amount of information and is prematurely decided one-way information. Also, we should be serious like our ancestors used to be. If we are not serious, then we can’t understand the meanings of those information. Our ancestors tell us the truth in the depth of their words or without telling us anything that we can have the same information power as our ancestors used to have in the future. Then, if we understand that, even dead people can be born again. Our ancestors live vividly as information even now. For Japanese people objects, events and words are originally the same “information”. Now is the time to remember in what direction our ancestors were serious. Our intuitions and information theory tell us that we have common enemies and they are never enemies one another but the opposite direction of “the law of entropy increase”. We don’t need to depend on the force, violence, money and the vote-getting power trying to protect the information that we do want to tell our descendants. We can’t take the things which we do want to tell our descendants out of people. If we live our lives seriously, then what we want to tell to our descendants in the future remains. If we find a fake, we can change it into the real thing. Even though no one sees that we change a fake into the real thing, we are first to change it. Originally, we have this kind of ability, and this ability itself is “the joy of living”. The joy of living will be necessary for the age to come, the relations among people, and the information society. To make the good world and the new era, we need to do something toward the situations that are surrounded by a big snake with nine heads in Japan. If we move forward like the way it is, then we may go back to the time of war economy, violence, apathy, lack of individuality and destruction. It is also worried about that we not only go back to such a time but also such a time continues to the same length as the history of Japanese royal family. Readers of this book who agree with me will be happy. If you express yourselves in objects, events and words or any acts without reversing the amount of information, then Luck is begging to turn in your favor. All our ancestors may tell us about that. I think that it is the time for us to make a review and take the good course of our lives from the view point of information and the law of entropy increase looking at economies, culture, religions, science, politics, philosophies, people’s lives and what our ancestors told us. Thank you. Best regards, A Japanese. This document is in the public domain.