Ch. 15 - Solutions : Ch. 15 - Solutions III. Particles in Solution
“Like Dissolves Like”
Electrolytes
Colligative Properties
A. “Like Dissolves Like” : A. “Like Dissolves Like” Detergents
polar “head” with long nonpolar “tail”
can dissolve both types
B. Electrolytes : B. Electrolytes Electrolyte Non-
Electrolyte solute exists as
ions only solute exists as
molecules only Weak
Electrolyte solute exists as
ions and
molecules
B. Electrolytes : B. Electrolytes Dissociation
separation of +/- ions when an ionic compound dissolves in water
B. Electrolytes : B. Electrolytes Ionization
breaking apart of polar covalent molecules into ions when dissolving in water
C. Colligative Properties : C. Colligative Properties properties of solutions that depend only on solute concentration
Freezing Point Depression
solutes lower the f.p. of a solvent
Boiling Point Elevation
solutes raise the b.p. of a solvent
C. Colligative Properties : C. Colligative Properties View Flash animation. Freezing Point Depression
C. Colligative Properties : C. Colligative Properties Solute particles “get in the way.” Boiling Point Elevation
C. Colligative Properties : C. Colligative Properties Effect increases as the solute concentration increases.
Uses:
antifreeze
making ice cream
salting icy roads