Assistant Professor in Electronics and Communication Engineering

G B.E - ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING (FOUR YEAR FULL TIME) CURRICULUM 2008 SEMESTER I Code No. Course Title L T P C THEORY XEC101 Technical English 3 1 0 4 XEC102 Mathematics- I 3 1 0 4 XEC103 Applied Physics 3 1 0 4 XEC104 Applied Chemistry 3 1 0 4 XEC105 Computer Programming 4 0 0 4 XEC106 Basic Electrical and Electronics Engineering 3 0 0 3 PRACTICAL XEC107 Applied Physics Lab 0 0 3 2 XEC108 Applied Chemistry Lab 0 0 3 2 XEC109 Computer Programming Lab 0 0 3 2 Total Hours: 32 Total Credits: 29 SEMESTER II Code No. Course Title L T P C THEORY XEC201 Mathematics – II 3 1 0 4 XEC202 Engineering Graphics 2 0 3 4 XEC203 Electron Devices 3 0 0 3 XEC204 Circuit Analysis 3 1 0 4 XEC205 Electronic Circuits-I 3 1 0 4 XEC206 Electrical Machines 4 0 0 4 PRACTICAL XEC207 Basic Workshop Practice 0 0 3 2 XEC208 Communication Skills Enhancement 2 0 2 3 XEC209 Electronic Devices and Circuits Lab-I 0 0 3 2 Total Hours: 35 Total Credits: 30 SEMESTER III Code No. Course Title L T P C THEORY XEC301 Professional Ethics and Human values(ECE) 3 0 0 3 XEC302 Mathematics-III 3 1 0 4 XEC303 Signals and Systems 3 1 0 4 XEC304 Data Structures 3 1 0 4 XEC305 Electromagnetic Fields 3 0 0 3 XEC306 Electronic Circuits-II 3 0 0 3 PRACTICAL XEC307 Data Structures Lab 0 0 3 2 XEC308 Electronic Circuits II and Simulation Lab 0 0 3 2 Total Hours: 27 Total Credits: 25 SEMESTER IV Code No. Course Title L T P C THEORY XEC401 Environmental Science and Engineering 3 0 0 3 XEC402 Random Process 3 1 0 4 XEC403 Measurements and Instrumentation 3 0 0 3 XEC404 Transmission Lines and wave guides 3 1 0 4 XEC405 Digital Electronics 3 1 0 4 XEC406 Linear Integrated Circuits 3 0 0 3 PRACTICAL XEC407 Linear Integrated Circuit Lab 0 0 3 2 XEC408 Digital Electronics Lab 0 0 3 2 Total Hours: 27 Total Credits: 25 SEMESTER V Code No. Course Title L T P C THEORY XEC501 Total Quality Management 3 0 0 3 XEC502 Numerical methods 3 1 0 4 XEC503 Digital Signal Processing 3 1 0 4 XEC504 Communication theory 3 1 0 4 XEC505 Microprocessor and Microcontroller 3 0 0 3 XEC506 Control Systems 3 1 0 4 PRACTICAL XEC507 Digital Signal Processing Lab 0 0 3 2 XEC508 Microprocessor and MicrocontrollerLab 0 0 3 2 Total Hours: 28 Total Credits: 26 SEMESTER VI Code No. Course Title L T P C THEORY XEC601 Digital Communication 3 0 0 3 XEC602 Computer Networks 3 0 0 3 XEC603 Antenna and wave Propagation 3 0 0 3 XEC604 Embedded Systems 3 0 2 4 XEC 05 Television and Video Engineering 3 0 0 3 XECE** Elective I 3 0 0 3 PRACTICAL XEC607 RF and Communication Lab 0 0 3 2 XEC608 Networks Lab 0 0 3 2 Total Hours: 26 Total Credits: 23 SEMESTER VII Code No. Course Title L T P C THEORY XEC701 Entrepreneurial Development Management 3 0 0 3 XEC702 VLSI Design 4 0 0 4 XEC703 Optical Communication 3 0 0 3 XEC704 Microwave Engineering 4 0 0 4 XECE** Elective II 3 0 0 3 XECE** Elective III 3 0 0 3 PRACTICAL XEC707 VLSI Lab 0 0 3 2 XEC708 Microwave Lab and Optical Lab 0 0 3 2 XEC709 Mini Project 0 0 3 4 Total Hours: 29 Total Credits: 28 SEMESTER VIII Code No. Course Title L T P C THEORY XEC801 Social Engineering 3 0 0 3 XEC802 Mobile communication 3 0 0 3 XECE** Elective IV 3 0 0 3 PRACTICAL XEC804 Project Work 0 0 20 12 Total Hours: 29 Total Credits: 21 Over all Credits: 207LIST OF ELECTIVES Code No. Course Title L T P C E51 Advanced Microprocessor 3 0 0 3 E52 Medical Electronics 3 0 0 3 E53 Operating Systems 3 0 0 3 E54 Solid State Electronic Devices 3 0 0 3 E55 Speech Processing 3 0 0 3 E56 Object oriented Programming 3 0 0 3 E57 Computer Hardware and Interfacing 3 0 0 3 E58 Internet and Java 3 0 0 3 E60 Advanced Digital Signal Processing 3 0 0 3 E61 Electromagnetic Interference and Compatibility 3 0 0 3 E62 High Speed Networks 3 0 0 3 E63 Power Electronics 3 0 0 3 E64 Soft Computing 3 0 0 3 E65 RF Circuit Design 3 0 0 3 E66 Digital Image Processing 3 0 0 3 E67 Computer Architecture 3 0 0 3 E68 Wireless networks 3 0 0 3 E69 Telecommunication Switching and Networks 3 0 0 3 E70 Satellite communication 3 0 0 3 E71 Advanced Electronic system design 3 0 0 3 E72 Optoelectronic devices 3 0 0 3 E73 Telecommunication System Modeling and Simulation 3 0 0 3 E74 Radar and Navigational Aids 3 0 0 3 E75 FPGA based system design 3 0 0 3 E76 Network security and cryptography 3 0 0 3 E77 Wireless security 3 0 0 3 E78 Adaptive optics 3 0 0 3 E79 Open source technologies 3 0 0 3 E80 Remote Sensing 3 0 0 3 E81 Engineering Acoustics 3 0 0 3 E82 Analog Interfacing to Microprocessor Systems 3 0 0 3 E83 Intellectual Property Rights 3 0 0 3 E84 Indian Constitution and Society 3 0 0 3 XEC 101 TECHNICAL ENGLISH 3 1 0 4 UNIT – I FOCUS ON LANGUAGE 15 Word formation with prefixes and suffixes - synonyms and antonyms - nominal compounds , prepositions, homonyms, homophones and hypronyms, Part of speech, use of words as nouns and verbs, phrasal verbs, connectives, sentences patterns. Suggested Activities Using prefixes and suffixes to change the grammatical functions of words – giving synonyms and antonyms, using the same words and its derivatives of different forms Expansion of noun + noun phrases - correction of errors in the given sentences. Using comparative forms of adjectives in sentences giving a pair of purpose and function statements to be linked with expressions like to in order to so as to (Eg: He used the ignition key. He started the engine. He used the ignition key in order to start the engine) Identification of content words in the given text. Learning multi functional words that can serve both nouns and verbs Analyzing sentences into S,V,O, C and A. Note: All examples pertaining to this unit should preferably be related to science and technology. UNIT – II FUNCTIONAL GRAMMAR 15 Tense forms and voice forms, concord, degrees of comparison, conditional clause, definition of technical terms, Sentences expressing purpose and function, comparison and contrast, cause and effect constructions, imperatives, reported speeches, Modal verbs, infinitives, gerund, participles Suggested Activities Giving pairs of cause and effect statements to be linked with expressions like as / since / because. Rewriting imperative sentences using assertive form ‘should’(Store energy and tap it when required energy should be and tapped when it is required) Rewriting infinitive forms as gerunds (eg: To modernize the administrative office with computers is expensive, Modernizing the administrative office with computers is expensive) Fill in the blanks with appropriate prepositions. Choosing sentences in a given text that use different tense forms Subject-verb agreement of the sentences given practical Providing a context for the use of the tense forms - rewriting the sentences in the impersonal passive form Rewriting the sentences in the reported speeches UNIT III READING 10 Techniques of Reading – Technical articles on invention and discoveries, Reading comprehension on biographies of eminent scientists, engineers and successful entrepreneurs, Practicing - skimming and scanning, Rhetorical functions (narrative, descriptive and argumentative) sequencing of sentences. Connective adverbs. Idioms and phrases, phrasal verbs and cloze test. Suggested Activities Taking a quick glance at the text to predict the content – reading to identify the main theme. Identifying the topic sentence in a paragraph – providing suitable titles for paragraphs – matching the titles with the paragraphs. Guessing the contextual meaning of words – comprehending a passage and answering questions of varied kinds. Transferring of information from a text to graphical representations like tree diagram / flow chart / bar chart / pie chart/ tables. Filling the gaps with appropriate missing words from the given list. Making notes based on a passage in the format given. Using an appropriate format to make notes from a given passage. Providing a suitable title after reading the passage. Identifying main and supporting ideas by scanning. Sequencing of jumbled sentences using linguistic clues (e.g.: reference words). UNIT IV WRITING I 10 Framing questions and answering, (“Wh” type and “Yes or No”) type note making, (guided and open) making lists, stating problems and proposing solutions, recommendations, instructions, check lists, technical report writing, decoding from graphical representation (flow chart, pie chart, tree diagram) numerical expressions. Suggested Activities Identifying the phrases used for making recommendations in given texts and employing them in making recommendations. Writing checklists in the appropriate format. Writing instructions for performing tasks at home or at work (use of imperatives). Summarizing the discussions and other oral practice activities like role play in the prescribed textbooks. Essay writing based on discussion of scientific and technical topics given in the prescribed textbooks. UNIT V WRITING II 10 Paragraph writing, essay writing, technical report writing, letter writing, (personal, business, letter of application, letter to the editor) resume writing, drafting e-mails, minutes of meeting, memorandum, creative writing. Suggested Activities Using appropriate expressions to define a concept / describe an object / device / process. Writing paragraphs on different scientific discourse patterns like classification, comparison and problem / solution – identifying the topic sentence. Using unity, cohesion and coherence in paragraph writing. Writing formal and business letters using the appropriate format. Note – making (guided and open). Summarizing and writing paragraphs based on listening tasks in the prescribed textbooks. Making recommendations by using modal auxiliary verbs like should, must, ought to etc. L: 45; T: 15; Total: 60 TEXT BOOK: Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Anna University, English for Engineers and Technologists, Vols. I & II (Combined Edition), Orient Longman Pvt. Ltd., 2006. REFERENCES: V.R. Narayanaswami, Strengthen Your Writing, 3rd Edition, Orient Longman, 2005. Andrea J. Rutherford, Basic Communication Skills for Technology, 1st Edition, Pearson Education Asia (Singapore) Pvt. Ltd., Bangalore, 2001. Nell Ann Pickett, Ann A. Laster, Katherine E. Staples, Technical English (Writing, Reading and Speaking), 8th Edition, Pearson Education, USA, Addison Wesley Longman Inc., 2001. “ Power words in Pairs”. Emerald publishers - Chennai  XEC 102 MATHEMATICS – I 3 1 0 4 UNIT I MATRICES 9 Eigen values and Eigenvectors of a real matrix – Characteristic equation Properties of Eigen values and Eigen vectors - Cayley - Hamilton theorem (excluding proof) - Similarity transformation (Concept only) – Orthogonal matrix - Orthogonal transformation of a symmetric matrix to diagonal form – Reduction of quadratic form to Canonical form by Orthogonal transformation. UNIT II THREE DIMENSIONAL ANALYTICAL GEOMETRY 9 Direction Cosine and Ratios – Angle between two lines – Equation of plane – Equation of Straight line – Coplanar lines – shortest distance between skew lines – Sphere – Tangent plane – Plane section of a sphere UNIT III GEOMETRICAL APPLICATIONS OF DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS 9 Curvature – Cartesian and polar co – ordinates – Centre and radius of curvature – Circle of curvature – Involutes and evolutes – Envelops – Properties of envelopes and evolutes . UNIT IV FUNCTION OF SEVERAL VARIABLES 9 Functions of two variables – Partial derivatives – Total differential – Taylor’s expansion – Maxima and Minima – Constrained maxima and minima – Lagrange’s Multiplier method – Jacobians . UNIT V ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS (ODE) AND APPLICATIONS 9 Linear equations of second order with constant and variable coefficients - Simultaneous first order linear equations with constant coefficients – Method of variation of parameters. L: 45; T:15; Total:60 TEXT BOOKS: Grewal .B.S., “Higher Engineering Mathematics”, 38th Edition- Khanna Publication –Delhi, 2004. Kreyszi.E., “Advance Engineering Mathematics”, 8th Edition-John Wiley & Son (Asia) Ltd, Singapore,. 2001. REFERENCES: Bali. N.P., Narayana Iyengar, and Chand.N., “Engineering Mathematics” Laxmi Publication Pvt. Ltd-New Delhi, 2003. Veerarajan.T., “Engineering Mathematics (For First Year )”, 4th Edition , John Wiley & Son -Hill Publishing company Ltd, New Delhi, 2005. Kandasamy. P., Thilagavathy. K, and Gunavathy. K., “Engineering Mathematics”-Volume I &II, S. Chand & Co, New Delhi, 2005. Venkataraman. M. K., “Engineering Mathematics”-Volume I &II, Revised enlarged 4th Edition, The National Publishing Company-Chennai, 2004. XEC103 - APPLIED PHYSICS 3 1 0 4 UNIT–I ACOUSTICS AND ULTRASONICS 9 Acoustics: Classification of sound – Characteristics of musical sound – Loudness – Weber-Fechner law – Decibel – Absorption Coefficient – Reverberation – Reverberation time – Sabine’s Formula (growth & decay) – Factors affecting acoustics of buildings (reverberation time, loudness, focusing, echo, echelon effect, resonance and noise) and their remedies. Ultrasonics: Production: Magnetostriction and Piezo electric methods –Applications UNIT–II WAVE OPTICS, LASERS AND FIBRE OPTICS 9 Wave Optics: Photo elasticity: Birefringence – Stress-optic law - Effect of a stressed model in a plane polariscope – Isoclinic and Isochromatic fringes (definitions) – Photoelastic bench. Laser: Nd – YAG laser, CO2 laser, semiconductor laser (homojunction) – Uses of lasers – Holography. Fibre Optics: Principle and propagation of light in optical fibres – Numerical Aperture and Acceptance angle – Types of optical fibres (material, refractive index, mode) – Applications: Fibre optics communication system (block diagram only). UNIT-III CRYSTAL PHYSICS AND NDT 9 Crystal Physics: Lattice – Unit cell – Bravais lattice – Lattice planes – Miller indices – ‘d’ spacing in cubic lattice – Calculation of number of atoms per unit cell – Atomic radius – Coordination number – Packing factor for SC, BCC, FCC and HCP structures. NDT: Liquid penetrant method – Ultrasonic flaw detection – Ultrasonic flaw detector (block diagram)– X-ray Radiography: displacement method – X-Ray Fluoroscopy– Merits and Demerits of each method UNIT- IV CONDUCTING MATERIALS 9 Conductors: Wiedermann Franz law - Lorentz number –Fermi distribution function – Density of energy states – carrier concentration - effect of temperature on fermi energy level Semiconductors: Semiconductor-properties- types of semiconductor, Hall effect – Determination of Hall co-efficient. Superconductors: Super conducting phenomena – Properties of superconductors – Meissner effect , Isotope effect – Type I and Type II superconductors– Applications – Magnetic levitation and SQUID UNIT–V DIELECTRICS AND NEW ENGINEERING MATERIALS 9 Dielectrics: Electrical susceptibility - Dielectric constant – Electronic, ionic, orientational and space charge polarization – Frequency and temperature dependence of polarization – Internal field – Claussius-Mosotti relation (derivation) - Dielectric loss – Dielectric breakdown – Uses of dielectric materials (Capacitor and Transformer). Introduction to New Materials: Metallic glasses – Nano materials – Shape memory alloys – Bio-materials. L:45; T:15; Total: 60 TEXT BOOKS: Avadhanulu M.N. and Kshirsagar P.G., “A Text Book of Engineering Physics”, S.Chand & Company Ltd., 7th Enlarged Revised Ed., 2005. Gaur R. K. and Gupta S. L., “Engineering Physics”, Dhanpat Rai Publishers,New Delhi, 2001. REFERENCES: Pillai S. O., “Solid State Physics”, New Age International Publication, New Delhi, Fifth Edition, 2003. 2. Rajendran V. and Marikani A., “Materials Science”, Tata McGraw Hill      Publishing Company Ltd, New Delhi, 2004.  XEC104 APPLIED CHEMISTRY 3 1 0 4 UNIT - I WATER TECHNOLOGY 9 Source and types of water – water quality parameters – definition and expression – hard water – estimation of hardness (EDTA method) and alkalinity – boiler feed water – requirements – disadvantages of using hard water in boilers – internal conditioning (phosphate, calgon and carbonate conditioning methods) – external conditioning – demineralization process – desalination (RO method) – domestic water treatment. UNIT - II ELECTROCHEMISTRY 9 Electrode potentials – difference between electrolytic cells and electrochemical cells – Standard electrodes (H2 and calomel electrodes) – Determination of pH using glass electrodes – Nernst equation – problems – electrochemical series – emf – measurements and its applications – Galvanic cells – Concentration cell – problems – reversible and irreversible cells – conductomeric titrations. UNIT- III CORROSION AND ITS INHIBITION 9 Corrosion – principles of chemical corrosion – Pilling – Bedworth rule – principles of electrochemical corrosion – difference between chemical and electrochemical corrosion – types of corrosion – factors influencing corrosion – corrosion control methods – pre-treatment of metal surface – electroplating and electroless plating. UNIT - IV NUCLEAR ENERGY AND ENERGY STORAGE DEVICES 9 Nuclear fission process – definition, mechanism and characteristics – chain reactions – nuclear energy and its calculations – types of nuclear fission reaction – atom bomb – light water nuclear power plant – breeder reactor – batteries – introduction – types of batteries – primary and secondary batteries – dry cell – lead acid, Ni-Cd and Li batteries – alkaline batteries – principles and applications of solar cells. UNIT - V POLYMERS 9 Monomers and polymers – types of polymerization reaction – mechanism of polymerization (free radical) – engineering plastics – PVC, teflon, polycarbonate, polyurethane and thermocole – properties – applications – compounding of plastics, moulding methods – injection, compression moulding and blow moulding – polymer blends and alloys. L:45; T: 15; Total: 60 TEXT BOOKS: P.C. Jain and Monicka Jain, Engineering Chemistry, Dhanpat Raj Publishing Company (P) Ltd, New Delhi – 2002. S.S. Dara. A Text book of Engineering Chemistry, S. Chand & Company Ltd, New Delhi – 2003. REFERENCES: B.K. Sharma, Engineering Chemistry, Krishna Prakasam Media (P) Ltd., Meerut, 2001. Mars G. Fontana, Corrosion Engineering, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Co., New Delhi, 2005.  XEC 105 COMPUTER PROGRAMMING 4 0 0 4 UNIT I BASICS OF COMPUTER AND PROGRAMMING 12 Digital Computer Fundamentals –Block diagram of a computer–Component of a computer system–Hardware and Software–Categories of Software–Booting–Installing and uninstalling Software–Software piracy–Software terminologies–Applications of Computers–Algorithm – Design - Flow chart –History of Internet–Internet Services. UNIT II BASIC ELEMENTS OF C 12 Introduction to C – Lexical elements of C – Operators and expressions – Operator precedence and associativity of operators – Input and Output Functions – Simple computational problems - Program Control Structures- Control statements – Branching, looping, nested control structures, switch, break, continue, goto statements– Problems using control structures. UNIT III FUNCTIONS AND PROGRAM STRUCTURES 12 Prototypes and Functions–Declaring, defining and accessing functions–Parameter passing methods–Recursion–Storage classes– auto, extern, static and register–Library functions-Programs using functions. Arrays: Defining and processing arrays–Passing arrays to functions–Multi-dimensional arrays–Strings and basic operations on strings–Enumerated data types–Programs using simple sorting, searching and merging of arrays. UNIT IV POINTERS 12 Pointer concept–Declaration–Accessing variable through pointer–Initializing pointer variable–Pointers and Functions–Pointers and Arrays–Pointers and Structures–Example programs using pointers with function, arrays and structures–Command line arguments – Dynamic memory allocation–Operations on pointers. UNIT V STRUCTURES, UNIONS AND FILE HANDLING 12 Structures–User defined data types–Union–Nested structure, passing structures to functions - Self referential structures - File pointer–High level File operations–Opening and closing of file–Creating, Processing and Updation on files–Simple file handling programs. L:60;Total :60 TEXT BOOKS: Byron Gottfried, "Programming with C", II Edition, (Indian Adapted Edition),TMH publications, 2006. Yeshwant Kanethker, “Let us C”, BPB Publications, 2004 REFERENCES: Brian W. Kernighan and Dennis M. Ritchie, "The C Programming Language", Pearson Education Inc. (2005). Behrouz A. Forouzan and Richard. F. Gilberg, "A Structured Programming Approach Using C", II Edition, Brooks–Cole Thomson Learning Publications, 2001. Johnsonbaugh R. and Kalin M., “Applications Programming in ANSI C”, III Edition, Pearson Education India, 2003.  XEC 106 BASIC ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING 3 0 0 3 ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING UNIT I D.C. AND A.C. CIRCUITS 9 Definition of current – potential – resistance, power, and energy –symbol and units – international system of units – Ohm’s law – Kirchhoff’s laws – solution of series, parallel and series parallel circuits.Generation of alternating emf, average and rms values – form and peak factors, concept of phasor representation – complex operator ”j” – AC circuits involving R, L, C parameters – reactance and impedance – power factor and power components in ac circuits – series and parallel resonances – simple problems. Construction and principle of operation of: moving coil and moving iron instruments (only voltmeters and ammeters) – dynamometer type wattmeter – Induction type energy meter – Megger. UNIT II D C MACHINES 9 Construction of DC Machines – Theory of operation of DC Generators – Characteristics of DC Generators. Operating principle of DC motors – Types of DC motors and their Characteristics – Speed controls of DC motors. UNIT III TRANSFORMERS 9 Principle of operation of Transformers – Types – Equivalent circuit – Voltage regulation – Efficiency – Testing – All Day Efficiency – Principle of operation of Three phase transformers – Transformer connections. ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING UNIT IV: ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS, DEVICES AND POWER CONVERTERS 9 Active and Passive components, Introduction to transducers, Resistive, Inductive and Capacitive transducers. Basic principle and characteristics of PN diode, Zener diode, Bipolar Junction Transistor, Field Effect Transistors (JFET, MOSFET), UJT, Thyristor (SCR, Diac, Triac), photoelectric devices (LDR, photodiode, phototransistor), photovoltaic devices, operating principles of Hall and Full wave rectifiers, Bridge rectifier, Chippers, Inverters, Voltage controllers, Voltage Regulators. UNIT V: DIGITAL ELECTRONICS 9 Symbol, truth table and circuit of basic logic gates, universal gates, Half adder, Full adder, flip flops – RS, JK, T and D, Basic of Counters, Shift registers. Total :45  TEXT BOOKS: B.L. Theraja, Electrical Technology Vol I & II, S. Chand & Co., 2005. Edward Hughes, Electrical and Electronics Technology, Pearson Education Limited, Ninth edition, 2005. Floyd & Jain, Digital Fundamentals, Pearson Education, 8th Edition, 2003 REFERENCES: B.R. Guptha, Principles of Electrical Engineering, S. Chand & Co.,2002. I.J. Nagrath, Elements of Electrical Engineering, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Co Ltd., New Delhi. 2000. K.A. Muraleedharan, R. Muthusubramanian and S. Salivahanan, Basic Electrical and Electronics and Computer Engineering, Tata McGraw Hill, 1997. Robert L. Boylestad & Louis Nashelsky Electronics devices and Circuit Theory, Pearson Education, 8th Edition, 2002. Albert P.Malvino,’Electronic Principles’.  XEC 107 APPLIED PHYSICS LAB 0 0 3 2 Torsional Pendulum – Determination of moment of inertia of disc and rigidity modulus of the material of a wire. Non -Uniform Bending – Determination of Young’s Modulus. Viscosity – Determination of Co-efficient of Viscosity of a liquid by Poiseuille’s flow. Spectrometer – Dispersive power of a prism. Air wedge - Determination of thickness of thin wire. Lee’s Disc – Determination of thermal conductivity of a bad conductor. Spectrometer – Determination of wavelength of Hg source using Grating. Band gap determination of a semiconductor. Spectrometer – id curve. Semiconductor laser – Determination of wavelength of Laser using grating. Particle size determination. Determination of numerical aperture and acceptance angle of an optical fibre.  XEC 108 APPLIED CHEMISTRY LAB 0 0 3 2 LIST OF EXPERIMENTS (Any 10 Experiments) Determination of total hardness, temporary & permanent hardness of water by EDTA method. Determination of alkalinity of water sample. Determination of chloride content of water sample by argentometric method. Determination of DO content by Winkler’s method. Estimation of copper in brass. Determination of strength of Hydrochloric acid by pH metric method. Conductometric titration between strong acid and strong base. Conductometric titration of mixture of acids. Conductometric precipitation titration using barium chloride and sodium sulphate. Determination of strength of iron by potentiometric method using dichromate. Estimation of iron (1,10 – phenanthroline / thiocyanate method)    or Ni (DMG) in the given solution by spectrometric method Determination of sodium and potassium ions in water sample by    flame photometric method. Determination of molecular weight of a polymer by viscometry    method. Determination of percentage of calcium in limestone by EDTA    method. References for Chemistry Laboratory (1) J. Mendham, R.C. Denney, J.D. Barnes and N.J.K. Thomas, Vogel’s Textbook of Quantitative Chemical Analysis, 6th Edition, Pearson Education, 2004. (2) D.P. Shoemaker and C.W. Garland, Experiments in Physical Chemistry, McGraw Hill, London.  XEC 109 COMPUTER PROGRAMMING LAB 0 0 3 2 INTRODUCTION Application Packages Word Spread sheet Power point C PROGRAMMING Programs using Operators and Expressions Programs using IO Formatting Programs using Control Structures Programs using Looping Structures Programs using Arrays and String manipulations Programs using Functions and Recursion Programs using Structures and Unions Programs using Pointers Programs using Files Programs using Command line arguments  XEC201 MATHEMATICS II 3 1 0 4 UNIT I MULTIPLE INTEGRALS 9 Double integration-Cartesian and polar coordinates-change of order of integration-area as a double integral-change of variables between Cartesian and polar coordinates-triple integration. UNIT II VECTOR CALCULUS 9 Gradient, divergence and curl-directional derivative-irrotational and solenoidal vector fields-Line, Surface and Volume Integral - Greens theorem in a plane, Guass divergence theorem and Stoke’s theorem (excluding proof)-simple applications. UNIT III ANALYTIC FUNCTIONS 9 Function of a complex variable-analytic function -necessary condition-Cauchy - Riemann equation - sufficient condition (excluding proof)-properties of analytical function-harmonic conjugate-construction of analytic function. UNIT IV COMPLEX INTEGRATION 9 Statement and application of Cauchy’s integral theorem and integral formula-Taylor and Laurent expansion – isolated singularities – residuals - cauchy residue theorem. Contour integration over unit circle and semicircular contours (excluding poles on boundaries). UNIT V LAPLACE TRANSFORM 9 Laplace Transform-conditions for existence- elementary functions- properties-derivatives and integrals of transforms-Transform of derivatives and integrals -Transforms of unit step function and impulse function-Transform of periodic functions – Convolution Theorem – Inverse transforms – Application to solution of linear ordinary differential equations up to second order with constant coefficients. L:45; T:15; Total:60 TEXT BOOKS: Grewal .B.S. Higher Engineering Mathematics, Thirty eighth Edition, Khanna Publication , Delhi 2004. Kreyszig, E , Advance Engineering Mathematics, Eighth Edition, John Wiley and Son (Asia ) Ltd Singapore 2001. REFERENCES: Bali N.P and Narayana Iyengar, N.Chand, Engineering Mathematics Laxmi Publication Pvt, Ltd, New Delhi, 2003. Veerarajan. T., Engineering Mathematics Fourth Edition , Tata McGraw Publishing company Ltd, New Delhi, 2005. Kandasamy. P., Thilagavathy. K, and Gunavathy. K Engineering Mathematics Volume I , II and III S. Chand & Co, New Delhi, 2005. Venkataraman. M. K., Engineering Mathematics, Volume I and II Revised enlarge Fourth Edition, The National Publishing Company, Chennai, 2004.  XEC202 ENGINEERING GRAPHICS (First Angle Projection only) 2 0 3 4 UNIT I PROJECTION OF POINTS, LINES AND PLANE SURFACES 6+9 General principles of orthographic projection – Layout of views – Projection of points, straight lines – Determination of true lengths and true inclinations and location of traces UNIT II PROJECTION OF SOLIDS AND SECTION OF SOLIDS 6+9 Projection of polygonal surface and circular lamina inclined to any one plane - Projection of simple solids like prisms, pyramids, cylinder and cone when the axis is inclined to both the reference plane. UNIT III SECTION OF SOLIDS 6+9 Sectioning of solids in simple vertical position by cutting planes inclined to both the reference plane - Obtaining true shape of section. UNIT IV DEVELOPMENT OF SURFACES AND INTERSECTION OF SOLIDS 6+9 Development of lateral surfaces of simple and truncated solids – prisms, pyramids, cylinders and cones -Development of lateral surfaces of two Intersecting solids – prism & cylinder, cylinder & cylinder – Axis at right angles with no offset. UNIT V ISOMETRIC AND PERSPECTIVE PROJECTIONS 6+9 Principles of isometric projection – isometric scale – isometric projections of simple solids, truncated prisms, pyramids, cylinders and cones. Perspective projection of regular solids -by visual ray and vanishing point methods. LECTURE : 30 PRACTICES : 45 TOTAL 75 NOTE Five questions, each of either or type covering all units of the syllabus. All questions will carry equal marks of 20 each making a total of 100. The answer paper shall consist of drawing sheets of A3 size only. The students will be permitted to use appropriate scale to fit solution within A3 size.  TEXT BOOKS: K.Venugopal “Engineering Graphics”, New Age International (P) Limited, 2002. K.V. Nataraajan “A text book of Engineering Graphics”, Dhanalakshmi Publishers, Chennai, 2006. REFERENCES: N.D. Bhatt “Engineering Drawing” Charotar publishing House 46th Edition, 2003. K.R. Gopalakrishnana. “Engineering Drawing” (Vol. I & II) Subhas Publications – 1998. Luzadder and Duff, “Fundamentals of Engineering Drawing” Prentice Hall of India Pvt Ltd, XI Edition - 2001. STANDARDS: IS10711 – 2001 Technical products Documentation – Size and Layout of Drawing sheets. IS9609 (Parts 0 & 1) – 2001 Technical product Documentation – Lettering. IS11669 – 1986 Dimensioning on Technical Drawings. IS15021 (Parts 1-4) – 2001 Technical Drawings – Projection Methods.  XEC203 ELECTRON DEVICES 3 0 0 3 UNIT I:ELECTRON BALLISTICS AND INTRINSIC SEMICONDUCTORS 9 Force on charge in electric field – Motion of Charge in uniform and time varying electric fields – Force on a moving charge in a magnetic field – calculation of cyclotron frequency – calculation of electrostatic and magnetic deflection sensitivity. Energy band structure of conductors, semiconductors and insulators – Density distribution of available energy states in semiconductors – Fermi- Diac probability distribution function at different temperatures – Thermal generation of carriers – Calculation of electron and hole densities in intrinsic semiconductors – Intrinsic concentration – Mass Action Law. UNIT II :EXTRINSIC SEMICONDUCTOR AND PN JUNCTIONS 9 N and P type semiconductors and their energy band structures – Law of electrical neutrality – Calculation of location of Fermi level and free electron and hole densities in extrinsic semiconductors – Mobility, drift current and conductivity – Diffusion current – Continuity equation - Hall effect. Band structure of PN Junction – Current Component in a PN Junction – Derivation of diode equation – Temperature dependence of diode characteristics. UNIT III SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS OF PN JUNCTION AND SPECIAL DIODES 9 Calculation of transition and diffusion capacitance – Varactor diode – charge control description of diode – switching characteristics of diode – Mechanism of avalanche and Zener breakdown – Temperature dependence of breakdown voltages – Backward diode – Tunneling effect in thin barriers Tunnel diode – Photo diode – Light emitting diodes. UNIT IV BIPOLAR JUNCTION TRANSISTORS AND FIELD EFFECT TRANSISTORS 9 Construction of PNP and NPN transistors – BJT current components – Emitter to collector and base to collector current gains – Base width modulation CB and CE characteristics – Breakdown characteristics – Ebers – Moll model – Transistor switching times. Construction and Characteristics of JFET – Relation between Pinch off Voltage and drain current – Derivation. MOSFETS – Enhancement and depletion types. UNIT V METAL SEMICONDUCTOR CONTACTS AND POWER CONTROL DEVICES 9 Metal Semiconductor Contacts - Energy band diagram of metal semiconductor junction Schottky diode and ohmic contacts. Power control devices: Characteristics and equivalent circuit of UJT - intrinsic stand off ratio. PNPN diode – Two transistor model, SCR, Triac, Diac. L:45; Total : 45 TEXT BOOK: Jacob Millman & Christos C.Halkias, “Electronic Devices and Circuits” Tata McGraw–Hill, 1991 . REFERENCES: Nandita Das Gupta and Amitava Das Gupta, Semiconductor Devices – Modelling and Technology, Prentice Hall of India, 2004. Donald A.Neaman,” Semiconductor Physics and Devices” 3rd Ed., Tata McGraw-Hill , 2002. S.Salivahanan, N.Sureshkumar and A.Vallavaraj, Electronic Devices and Circuits, TMH, 1998. S.M.Sze, Semiconductor Devices – Physics and Technology, 2nd edn. John Wiley, 2002. Ben G.Streetman and Sanjay Banerjee, Solid State Electronic Devices, Pearson Education 2000. XEC204 CIRCUIT ANALYSIS 3 1 0 4 UNIT I DC CIRCUIT ANALYSIS 9 Basic components and electric circuits – Charge – Current – Voltage and Power– Voltage and Current Sources – Ohms Law – Voltage and Current laws – Kirchoff’s Current Law – Kirchoff’s voltage law – The single Node – Pair Circuit – Series and Parallel Connected Independent Sources – Resistors in Series and Parallel – Voltage and Current division – Basic Nodal and Mesh analysis – Nodal analysis – Mesh analysis. UNIT II NETWORK THEOREM AND DUALITY 8 Useful Circuit Analysis techniques – Linearity and superposition – Thevenin and Norton Equivalent Circuits – Maximum Power Transfer – Delta – Wye Conversion – Duality – Dual circuits. UNIT III SINUSOIDAL STEADY STATE ANALYSIS 10 Sinusoidal Steady – State analysis – Characteristics of Sinusoids– The Complex Forcing Function– The Phasor– Phasor relationship for R– L – C – impedance and Admittance – Nodal and Mesh Analysis– Phasor Diagrams – AC Circuit Power Analysis – Instantaneous Power – Average Power – apparent Power and Power Factor – Complex Power. UNIT IV TRANSIENTS AND RESONANCE IN RLC CIRCUITS 9 Basic RL and RC Circuits – The Source – Free RL Circuit – The Source–Free RC Circuit – The Unit-Step Function – Driven RL Circuits – Driven RC Circuits – RLC Circuits – Frequency Response – Parallel Resonance – Series Resonance – Quality Factor. UNIT V COUPLED CIRCUITS AND TOPOLOGY 9 Magnetically coupled circuits – Mutual inductance – the Linear Transformer – the Ideal Transformer – An introduction to Network Topology – Trees and General Nodal analysis – Links and Loop analysis. L: 45 T: 15 Total: 60 TEXT BOOKS William H.Hayt, Jr.Jack E. Kemmerly, Steven M.Durbin, “Engineering Circuit Analysis”, Sixth Edition , Tata McGraw-Hill, 2006. Joseph A Edminister, Mahmood Nahvi “Electric Circuits”, III edition, Schaum’s Outline Series. Tata McGraw-Hill, 2000. REFERENCES                Nilson,Reidal., “Electric Circuits” Eighth Edition , Pearson Education, 2008              Charles K. Alexander & Mathew N.O.Sadiku, “Fundamentals of Electric Circuits”, Second Edition , McGraw- Hill, 2003.                Sudhakar and Shyammohan S. Palli, Third Edition , Tata Mc Graw -Hill, 2007.        D.R.Cunningham, J.A.Stuller, “Basic Circuit Analysis”, Jaico Publishing House, 1996.          David E.Johnson, Johny R. Johnson, John L.Hilburn, “Electric Circuit Analysis”, Second Edition , Prentice-Hall, 1997               K.V.V.Murthy, M.S.Kamath, “Basic Circuit Analysis”, Jaico Publishing House, 1999.    XEC205 ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS I 3 1 0 4 UNIT I TRANSISTOR BIASING 9 BJT – Need for biasing - Fixed bias circuit, Load line and quiescent point. Variation of quiescent point due to hFE variation within manufacturers tolerance. Stability factors. Different types of biasing circuits. Method of stabilizing the Q point to the extent possible. Advantage of Self bias (voltage divider bias) over other types of biasing. Use of Self bias circuit as a constant current circuit. Source self bias and voltage divider bias for FET. Use of JFET as a voltage variable resistor. UNIT II MIDBAND ANALYSIS OF SMALL SIGNAL AMPLIFIERS 9 CE, CB and CC amplifiers. Method of drawing small-signal equivalent circuit. Midband analysis of various types of single stage amplifiers to obtain gain, input impedance and output impedance. Miller’s theorem. Comparison of CB, CE and CC amplifiers and their uses. Darlington connection using similar and Complementary transistors. Methods of increasing input impedance using Darlington connection and bootstrapping. CS, CG and CD (FET) amplifiers. Multistage amplifiers. Basic emitter coupled differential amplifier circuit. Bisection theorem. Differential gain. CMRR. Use of constant current circuit to improve CMRR. Derivation of transfer characteristic, Transconductance. Use as Linear amplifier, limiter, amplitude modulator. UNIT III FREQUENCY RESPONSE OF AMPLIFIERS 9 General shape of frequency response of amplifiers. Definition of cut off frequencies and bandwidth. Low frequency analysis of amplifiers to obtain lower cut off frequency Hybrid – pi equivalent circuit of BJTs. High frequency analysis of BJT amplifiers to obtain upper cut off frequency. High frequency equivalent circuit of FETs. High frequency analysis of FET amplifiers. Gain-bandwidth product of FETs. General expression for frequency response of multistage amplifiers. Calculation of overall upper and lower cut off frequencies of multistage amplifiers. Amplifier rise time and sag and their relation to cut off frequencies. UNIT IV LARGE SIGNAL AMPLIFIERS 9 Classification of amplifiers (Class A, B, AB, C&D), Efficiency of class A, RC coupled and transformer-coupled power amplifiers. Class B complementary-symmetry, push-pull power amplifiers. Calculation of power output, efficiency and power dissipation. Crossover distortion and methods of eliminating it. Heat flow calculations using analogous circuit. Calculation of actual power handling capacity of transistors with and without heat sink. Heat sink design. UNIT V RECTIFIERS AND POWER SUPPLIES 9 Half-wave, full-wave and bridge rectifiers with resistive load. Analysis for Vdc and ripple voltage with C, CL, L-C and C-L-C filters. Voltage multipliers Zener diode regulator. Electronically regulated d.c power supplies. Line regulation, output resistance and temperature coefficient. Switched mode power supplies. Power control using SCR. L:45 T:15; Total:60 TEXT BOOKS: Millman J. and Halkias .C., " Integrated Electronics ", Tata McGraw-Hill. REFERENCES: Robert L. Boylestad and Louis Nashelsky, 8th edn., PHI, 2002. S.Salivahanan, et.al, “Electronic Devices and Circuits”, TMH, 1998. Floyd, Electronic Devices, Sixth edition, Pearson Education, 2003. I.J. Nagrath, Electronics – Analog and Digital, PHI, 1999. XEC206 ELECTRICAL MACHINES 3 0 2 4 UNIT I D.C. MACHINES 9 Constructional details – emf equation – Methods of excitation – Self and separately excited generators – Characteristics of series, shunt and compound generators – Principle of operation of D.C. motor – Back emf and torque equation – Characteristics of series, shunt and compound motors - Starting of D.C. motors – Types of starters - Testing, brake test and Swinburne’s test – Speed control of D.C. shunt motors. UNIT II TRANSFORMERS 9 Constructional details – Principle of operation – emf equation – Transformation ratio – Transformer on no load – Parameters referred to HV/LV windings – Equivalent circuit – Transformer on load – Regulation - Testing – Load test, open circuit and short circuit tests. UNIT III INDUCTION MOTORS 9 Construction – Types – Principle of operation of three-phase induction motors – Equivalent circuit – Performance calculation – Starting and speed control – Single-phase induction motors (only qualitative treatment). UNIT IV SYNCHRONOUS AND SPECIAL MACHINES 9 Construction of synchronous machines-types – Induced emf – Voltage regulation; emf and mmf methods – Brushless alternators – Reluctance motor – Hysteresis motor – Stepper motor. UNIT V TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION 9 Structure of electric power systems – Generation, transmission, sub-transmission and distribution systems - EHVAC and EHVDC transmission systems – Substation layout – Insulators – cables. L:45; Total:45 TEXT BOOKS: 1. D.P.Kothari and I.J.Nagrath, ‘Basic Electrical Engineering’, Tata McGraw Hill publishing company ltd, second edition, 2002. 2. C.L. Wadhwa, ‘Electrical Power Systems’, Wiley eastern ltd India, 1985. REFERENCES: 1. S.K.Bhattacharya, ‘Electrical Machines’, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing company ltd, second edition, 1998. 2. V.K.Mehta and Rohit Mehta, ‘Principles of Power System’, S.Chand and Company Ltd, third edition, 2003.  XEC207 BASIC WORKSHOP PRACTICES 0 0 3 2 A) WOOD WORK : Sawing, Planning and making common joints like TEE, Half lap and dovetail (any two) B) PLUMBING : Basic pipe connection using valves, taps, couplings, unions, reducers, elbows in household fitting - Practice in mixed pipe connections: Metal, plastic and flexible pipes used in household appliances Preparation of line sketches for (i) water supply lines (ii) sewage lines. C) DEMONSTRATION (CIVIL ENGINEERING) : Study of pipe connections on the suction and delivery pipe layouts. Study of joints in door panels, wooden furniture. Bar bending -Straightening of rods and cutting- 90(, 130( bend formation - 45(, 30( crank formation-Stirrups fabrication-Binding and placing of steel reinforcement D) FITTING : Square, dovetail and hemisphere fitting of metal plate of 3mm E) WELDING : Preparation of arc welding of butt joints, lap joints and tee joints. Gas welding practice. XEC208 COMMUNICATION SKILLS ENHANCEMENT 2 0 2 3 UNIT – I EXTENSIVE LISTENING 12 Listening and typing –Listening and sequencing of information – Filling in the blanks – Listening and answering the question. Cloze Exercises- Vocabulary building – Dictionary habits a brief note on Thesaurus. Listening to specific speeches, discussions, interviews, debates, lectures. (Instructional Aids: Audio cassettes, Tape recorders, Language Software. Suggested Activities Gap filling activities while listening to a text Listening and identifying the missing words in a given text Listening to a brief conversation and answering questions orally Listening to commentaries on television or radio to improve listening skills Paying attention to speaker’s appearance, expressions, body movements and posture that convey meaning to his/her words. UNIT – I I INTENSIVE LISTENING 12 Listening for specific information – note taking-guided and open – listening comprehension- listening to specific speeches-interviews –debates lectures. Suggested Activities Taking notes during lectures. Listening to a discourse and filling up gaps in a work sheet. Informational comprehension and literal comprehension tasks based on listening- post listening quiz. Listening to a passage preferably technical and answering questions choosing appropriate options (multiple choice) Note : These listening activities can be done using a work sheet in a language laboratory or in the class room using a tape recorder. UNIT III SPEAKING 12 Oral practice –developing confidence-introducing oneself-asking for or eliciting information-offering suggestions and recommendations. Analysing problems and providing solutions- expressing opinions (agreement and disagreement) Role of idioms in Spoken Communication Pronunciation Practice-Stress intonation, accent, questions for oral discussions, describing objects, presenting information, Process description, narrating events, giving introduction, welcome speech and proposing a vote of thanks. Suggested Activities Introducing oneself and others Role play activities based on real –life situations Discussing travel plan / industrial visit Giving oral instructions for performing tasks at home, at class-room and at work place ( use of imperatives) Participating in a short classroom-discussion on a controversial topic ( eg. For and against reservation policy in educational institutions) Oral presentation on topics related to science and technology. UNIT IV CONVERSATION 12 Face to Face conversation- Telephonic conversation- Role play activities (Students take on roles and engage in conversation) participating in an interview situational dialogues. Suggested Activities Making either telephonic conversations or face to face conversation- making request- Asking questions-making recommendations using modal verbs-Giving instructions using imperatives – Expressing purpose and function-obligation and preference- Accepting and offering counseling . UNIT V LABORATORY PRACTICE 12 Resume/ Report preparation / Letter writing Structure the resume/ report letter writing/ E-mail communication samples Presentation skills Elements of an effective presentation – structure of presentation- presentation tools- voice modulation- audience analysis – body language- video samples. Soft skills The management- articulation – assertiveness – psychometrics- innovation and creative – stress management and poise- video samples Group discussion Why is GD part of selection process?- Structure of GD- moderator – led and other GDs – Strategies in GD- Team spirit- Body language(gestures)- Mock GD- Video samples. Interview skills Kinds of interviews- required key skills – corporate culture – mock interview- video samples. L:30; P: 30; Total:60 TEXT BOOKS: Meenakshi Raman, Sangeetha Sharma: Technical Communication Principles and Practice, Oxford University Press. REFERENCES: Jeremy Comfort, Pamela Rogerson, Trish Stott and Derek Utley: Speaking Effectively, Cambridge University Press. Jayashree Balan; Spoken English, Vijay Nicole Imprints Private Ltd., Chennai. Jean Naterop and Rod Revell ( 1988) Telephoning in English ( Cambridge University Press David Martur (1994), Tough Talking, University Press, Hydrabad.  XEC209 ELECTRONIC DEVICES AND CIRCUITS LAB -I 0 0 3 2 Ex.1: Diode Forward characteristics. Determination of η from the plot of ln I vs V. Determinations reverse saturation current. [Note that reverse characteristics of Diodes cannot be measured using common instruments available in the Lab.] Ex.2: Input and Output characteristics of BJT. (i) Determination of h parameters from the graph. Ex.3: Output characteristics of JFET. Plot of Transfer characteristics from the output characteristics. Determination of pinch off voltage and Idss Ex.4: Fixed Bias amplifier circuits using BJT. Waveforms at input and output without bias. Determination of bias resistance to locate Q-point at center of load line. Measurement of hFE and gain. Calculation of hie=VT/Ibdc and gain assuming hFE= hfe. Plot of frequency response. Ex.5: BJT Amplifier using voltage divider bias (self bias) with unbypassed emitter resistor. Measurement of input resistance and gain Comparison with calculated values. Plot of DC collector current as a function of collector resistance (application as constant current circuit). Ex.6: Source follower with Bootstrapped gate resistance. Measurement of gain, input resistance and output resistance with and without Bootstrapping . Comparison with calculated values. Ex.7: Class B Complementary symmetry power amplifier (i)Observation of the output wave form with cross over Distortion. (ii)Modification of the circuit to avoid cross over distortion. (iii)Measurement of maximum power output. (iv)Determination of efficiency. (v) Comparison with calculated values. Ex.8: Differential amplifier using BJT. (i) Construction of the circuit. (ii) Measurement of DC collector current of individual transistors. (iii) Equalization of DC current using individual emitter resistance (50 – 100 Ohms) (iv) Measurement of CMRR. Ex.9: Power supply Full wave rectifier with simple capacitor filter. Measurement of DC voltage under load and ripple factor, Comparison with calculated values. Measurement of load regulation characteristics (Vout vs Iout) Comparison with calculated values. Ex.10: Measurement of UJT and SCR Characteristics. (i) Firing Characteristics of SCR. (ii)Measurement of Intrinsic stand off ratio of UJT. XEC301 PROFESSIONAL ETHICS AND HUMAN VALUES 3 0 0 3 1. Human Values 10 Morals, Values and Ethics – Integrity – Work Ethic – Service Learning – Civic Virtue – Respect for Others – Living Peacefully – caring – Sharing – Honesty – Courage – Valuing Time – Co-operation – Commitment – Empathy – Self-Confidence – Character – Spirituality 2. Engineering Ethics 9 Senses of 'Engineering Ethics' - variety of moral issued - types of inquiry - moral dilemmas - moral autonomy - Kohlberg's theory - Gilligan's theory - consensus and controversy – Models of Professional Roles - theories about right action - Self-interest - customs and religion - uses of ethical theories. 3. Engineering as Social Experimentation 9 Engineering as experimentation - engineers as responsible experimenters - codes of ethics - a balanced outlook on law - the challenger case study 4. Safety, Responsibilities and Rights 9 Safety and risk - assessment of safety and risk - risk benefit analysis and reducing risk - the three mile island and chernobyl case studies. Collegiality and loyalty - respect for authority - collective bargaining - confidentiality - conflicts of interest - occupational crime - professional rights - employee rights - Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) - discrimination. 5. Global Issues 8 Multinational corporations - Environmental ethics - computer ethics - weapons development - engineers as managers-consulting engineers-engineers as expert witnesses and advisors -moral leadership- sample code of Ethics like ASME, ASCE, IEEE, Institution of Engineers(India), Indian Institute of Materials Management, Institution of electronics and telecommunication engineers(IETE),India, etc. L:45; Total:45 TEXT BOOKS: Mike Martin and Roland Schinzinger, “Ethics in Engineering”, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1996. Govindarajan M, Natarajan S, Senthil Kumar V. S, “Engineering Ethics”, Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi, 2004. REFERENCES: Charles D. Fleddermann, “Engineering Ethics”, Pearson Education / Prentice Hall, New Jersey, 2004 (Indian Reprint) Charles E Harris, Michael S. Protchard and Michael J Rabins, “Engineering Ethics – Concepts and Cases”, Wadsworth Thompson Learning, United States, 2000 (Indian Reprint now available) John R Boatright, “Ethics and the Conduct of Business”, Pearson Education, New Delhi, 2003. Edmund G Seebauer and Robert L Barry, “Fundamentals of Ethics for Scientists and Engineers”, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2001. XEC302 Mathematics III 3 1 0 4 UNIT I PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS 9 + 3 Formation of partial differential equations by elimination of arbitrary constants and arbitrary functions – Solution of standard types of first order partial differential equations – Lagrange’s linear equation – Linear partial differential equations of second and higher order with constant coefficients. UNIT II Fourier Series 9 + 3 Dirichlet’s conditions – General Fourier series – Odd and even functions – Half range sine series – Half range cosine series – Complex form of Fourier Series – Parseval’s identify – Harmonic Analysis. UNIT III Boundary value problems 9 + 3 Classification of second order quasi linear partial differential equations – Solutions of one dimensional wave equation – One dimensional heat equation – Steady state solution of two-dimensional heat equation (Insulated edges excluded) – Fourier series solutions in Cartesian coordinates. UNIT IV Fourier Transform 9 + 3 Fourier integral theorem (without proof) – Fourier transform pair – Sine and Cosine transforms – Properties – Transforms of simple functions – Convolution theorem – Parseval’s identity. UNIT V Z -TRANSFORM AND DIFFERENCE Equations 9 + 3 Z-transform - Elementary properties – Inverse Z – transform – Convolution theorem -Formation of difference equations – Solution of difference equations using Z - transform. L:45 T:15; Total : 60 Text Books: Grewal, B.S., “Higher Engineering Mathematics”, Thirty Sixth Edition , Khanna Publishers, Delhi, 2001. Kandasamy, P., Thilagavathy, K., and Gunavathy, K., “Engineering Mathematics Volume III”, S. Chand & Company ltd., New Delhi, 1996. Wylie C. Ray and Barrett Louis, C., “Advanced Engineering Mathematics”, Sixth Edition, McGraw-Hill, Inc., New York, 1995. ReferenceS: Andrews, L.A., and Shivamoggi B.K., “Integral Transforms for Engineers and Applied Mathematicians,” Macmillen, New York, 1988. Narayanan, S., Manicavachagom Pillay, T.K. and Ramaniah, G., “Advanced Mathematics for Engineering Students”, Volumes II and III, S. Viswanathan (Printers and Publishers) Pvt. Ltd. Chennai, 2002. Churchill, R.V. and Brown, J.W., “Fourier Series and Boundary Value Problems”, Fourth Edition, McGraw-Hill Book Co., Singapore, 1987.  XEC303 SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS 3 1 0 4 UNIT I REPRESENTATION OF SIGNALS 9 Continuous and discrete time signals: Classification of Signals – Periodic aperiodic even – odd – energy and power signals – Deterministic and random signals – complex exponential and sinusoidal signals – periodicity – properties of discrete time complex exponential unit impulse – unit step impulse functions – Transformation in independent variable of signals: time scaling, time shifting. Determination of Fourier series representation of continuous time and discrete time periodic signals – Explanation of properties of continuous time and discrete time Fourier series. UNIT II ANALYSIS OF CONTINUOUS TIME SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS 9 Continuous time Fourier Transform and Laplace Transform analysis with examples – properties of the Continuous time Fourier Transform and Laplace Transform basic properties, Parseval’s relation, and convolution in time and frequency domains. Basic properties of continuous time systems: Linearity, Causality, time invariance, stability, magnitude and Phase representations of frequency response of LTI systems -Analysis and characterization of LTI systems using Laplace transform: Computation of impulse response and transfer function using Laplace transform. UNIT IIISAMPLING THEOREM AND z-TRANSFORMS 9 Representation of continuous time signals by its sample - Sampling theorem – Reconstruction of a Signal from its samples, aliasing – discrete time processing of continuous time signals, sampling of band pass signals Basic principles of z-transform - z-transform definition – region of convergence – properties of ROC – Properties of z-transform – Poles and Zeros – inverse z-transform using Contour integration - Residue Theorem, Power Series expansion and Partial fraction expansion, Relationship between z-transform and Fourier transform. UNIT IV DISCRETE TIME SYSTEMS 9 Computation of Impulse & response & Transfer function using Z Transform. DTFT Properties and examples – LTI-DT systems -Characterization using difference equation – Block diagram representation – Properties of convolution and the interconnection of LTI Systems – Causality and stability of LTI Systems. UNIT V SYSTEMS WITH FINITE AND INFINITE DURATION IMPULSE RESPONSE 9 Systems with finite duration and infinite duration impulse response – recursive and non-recursive discrete time system – realization structures – direct form – I, direct form – II, Transpose, cascade and parallel forms. L:45; T:15; Total:60 TEXT BOOKS: 1. AlanV.Oppenheim, Alan S.Willsky with S.Hamid Nawab, Signals & Systems, 2nd edn., Pearson Education, 1997. REFERENCES: John G.Proakis and Dimitris G.Manolakis, Digital Signal Processing, Principles, Algorithms and Applications, 3rd edn., PHI, 2000. M.J.Roberts, Signals and Systems Analysis using Transform method and MATLAB, TMH 2003. Simon Haykin and Barry Van Veen, Signals and Systems, John Wiley, 1999 K.Lindner, “Signals and Systems”, McGraw Hill International, 1999. Moman .H. Hays,” Digital Signal Processing “, Schaum’s outlines, Tata McGraw-Hill Co Ltd., 2004. Ashok Amhardar, “Analog and Digital Signal Processing”, 2 nd Edition Thomson 2002. XEC 304 DATA STRUCTURES 3 1 0 4 UNIT I PROBLEM SOLVING 9 Problem solving – Top-down Design – Implementation – Verification – Efficiency – Analysis – Sample algorithms.   UNIT II LISTS, STACKS AND QUEUES 8 Abstract Data Type (ADT) – The List ADT – The Stack ADT – The Queue ADT   UNIT III TREES 10 Preliminaries – Binary Trees – The Search Tree ADT – Binary Search Trees – AVL Trees – Tree Traversals – Hashing – General Idea – Hash Function – Separate Chaining – Open Addressing – Linear Probing – Priority Queues (Heaps) – Model – Simple implementations – Binary Heap   UNIT IV SORTING 9 Preliminaries – Insertion Sort – Shellsort – Heapsort – Mergesort – Quicksort – External Sorting   UNIT V GRAPHS 9 Definitions – Topological Sort – Shortest-Path Algorithms – Unweighted Shortest Paths – Dijkstra’s Algorithm – Minimum Spanning Tree – Prim’s Algorithm – Applications of Depth-First Search – Undirected Graphs – Biconnectivity – Introduction to NP-Completeness L:45; T:15; Total:60 TEXT BOOKS  R. G. Dromey, “How to Solve it by Computer” (Chaps 1-2), Prentice-Hall of India, 2002. M. A. Weiss, “Data Structures and Algorithm Analysis in C”, 2nd ed, Pearson Education Asia, 2002. (chaps 3, 4.1-4.4 (except 4.3.6), 4.6, 5.1-5.4.1, 6.1-6.3.3, 7.1-7.7 (except 7.2.2, 7.4.1, 7.5.1, 7.6.1, 7.7.5, 7.7.6), 7.11, 9.1-9.3.2, 9.5-9.5.1, 9.6-9.6.2, 9.7)   REFERENCES: Y. Langsam, M. J. Augenstein and A. M. Tenenbaum, “Data Structures using C”, Pearson Education Asia, 2004 Richard F. Gilberg, Behrouz A. Forouzan, “Data Structures – A Pseudocode Approach with C”, Thomson Brooks / COLE, 1998. Aho, J. E. Hopcroft and J. D. Ullman, “Data Structures and Algorithms”, Pearson education Asia, 1983. XEC305 ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS 3 0 0 3 UNIT - I INTRODUCTION 8 Sources and effects of electromagnetic fields – Vector fields – Different co-ordinate systems(brief description only) - Divergence theorem – Stoke’s theorem. UNIT - II ELECTROSTATICS 10 Coulomb’s Law – Definitions-Electric charge, Electric field, flux, Properties of Flux lines, Flux density, Field intensity-Permittivity –Field due to point and continuous charges – Gauss’s law and application – Electrical potential – Electric field and equipotential plots – Electric field in free space, conductors, dielectric – Dielectric polarization, Electric field in multiple dielectrics – boundary conditions, Poisson’s and Laplace’s equations, Example of application of Laplace equation – Capacitance, loss angle of capacitor-energy density – Dielectric strength. UNIT – III MAGNETOSTATICS 9 Lorentz Law of force, magnetic flux line, properties of magnetic flux lines, magnetic field intensity-permeability – Biot–savart’s Law - Ampere’s Law – Magnetic field due to straight conductors, circular loop, solenoid– Magnetic flux density (B) – B in free space, conductor, magnetic materials – Magnetization – Magnetic field in multiple media – Boundary conditions – Scalar and vector potential – Magnetic force – Torque – Self Inductance(L), Mutual Inductance(M) – Energy density – Magnetic circuits-permanent magnets. UNIT - IV ELECTRODYNAMIC FIELDS 9 Faraday’s law of induced emf, eddy current loss- Hysteresis loss-Transformer and motional EMF, Maxwell’s equations (differential and integral forms) –Conduction current, Displacement current – Relation between conduction current density and electric field intensity-Qualitative differences between field theory and circuit theory-Electro magnetic shielding. UNIT – V ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES 9 Generation of electromagnetic waves– Electro Magnetic Wave equations – Wave parameters; velocity, intrinsic impedance, propagation constant, surge impedance of a line in terms of energy balance – Waves in free space, lossy and loss less dielectrics, conductors-skin depth, Poynting vector, typical applications of poynting vector – Plane wave- reflection and refraction- relation between electric field intensity and magnetic field intensity-Introduction to Wave guides. L:45; TOTAL:45 TEXT BOOKS: 1. John.D.Kraus, ‘Electromagnetics’, McGraw Hill book Co., New York, Fourth Edition, 1991. 2. William. H.Hayt, ‘Engineering Electromagnetics’, Tata McGraw Hill edition, 2001. REFERENCES: 1. D.Sathaiah-M.Anitha, ‘Electro magnetic fields’ First edition-2007, SCITECH publications (India) Pvt Ltd., Chennai. 2. Joseph. A.Edminister, ‘Theory and Problems of Electromagnetics’, Second edition, Schaum Series, Tata McGraw Hill, 1993. 3. I.J. Nagrath, D.P. Kothari, ‘Electric Machines’, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Co Ltd, Second Edition, 1997. 4. Kraus and Fleish, ‘Electromagnetics with Applications’, McGraw Hill International Editions, Fifth Edition, 1999. 5. Sadiku, ‘Elements of Electromagnetics’, Second edition, Oxford University Press, 1995.  XEC306 ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS II 3 0 0 3 UNIT 1 FEEDBACK AMPLIFIERS 9 Block diagram. Loop gain. Gain with feedback. Desensitivity of gain. Distortion and cut off frequencies with feedback. The four basic feedback topologies and the type of gain stabilized by each type of feedback. Input and Output resistances with feedback. Method of identifying feedback topology, feedback factor and basic amplifier configuration with loading effect of feedback network taken into account. Analysis of feedback amplifiers. Nyquist criterion for stability of feedback amplifiers. UNIT II OSCILLATORS 9 Barkhausen Criterion. Mechanism for start of oscillation and stabilization of amplitude. Analysis of Oscillator using Cascade connection of one RC and one CR filters. RC phase shift Oscillator. Wienbridge Oscillator and twin-T Oscillators. Analysis of LC Oscillators, Colpitts, Hartley, Clapp, Miller and Pierce oscillators. Frequency range of RC and LC Oscillators. Quartz Crystal Construction. Electrical equivalent circuit of Crystal. Crystal Oscillator circuits. UNIT III TUNED AMPLIFIERS 9 Coil losses, unloaded and loaded Q of tank circuits. Analysis of single tuned and synchronously tuned amplifiers. Instability of tuned amplifiers. Stabilization techniques. Narrow band neutralization using coil. Broad banding using Hazeltine neutralization. Class C tuned amplifiers and their applications. Efficiency of Class C tuned Amplifier. UNIT IV WAVE SHAPING AND MULTIVIBRATOR CIRCUITS 9 RL & RC Integrator and Differentiator circuits. Diode clippers, clampers and slicers. Collector coupled and Emitter coupled Astable multivibrator. Monostable multivibrator. Bistable multivibrators. Triggering methods. Storage delay and calculation of switching times. Speed up capacitors. Schmitt trigger circuit. UNIT V BLOCKING OSCILLATORS AND TIMEBASE GENERATORS 9 Monostable and Astable Blocking Oscillators using Emitter and base timing. Frequency control using core saturation. Pushpull operation of Astable blocking oscillator i.e., inverters. Pulse transformers. UJT sawtooth generators. Linearization using constant current circuit. Bootstrap and Miller saw-tooth generators. Current time base generators. L:45; Total : 45 TEXT BOOKS: Millman and Halkias. C., “Integrated Electronics”, Tata McGraw-Hill 1991,(I,II). Schilling and Belove, "Electronic Circuits", TMH, Third Edition, 2002 (Unit - III) Millman J. and Taub H., "Pulse Digital and Switching waveform", McGraw-Hill International (UNIT – IV & V) Robert L. Boylestead and Louis Nasheresky, 8th edn., PHI, 2002. REFERENCES: Sedra / Smith, “Micro Electronic Circuits” Oxford university Press, 2004. David A. Bell, " Solid State Pulse Circuits ", Prentice Hall of India, 1992. XEC307 DATA STRUCTURES LAB 0 0 3 2   Implement the following exercises using C: Array implementation of List Abstract Data Type (ADT) Linked list implementation of List ADT Cursor implementation of List ADT Array implementations of Stack ADT Linked list implementations of Stack ADT   The following three exercises are to be done by implementing the following source files (a)   Program for ‘Balanced Paranthesis’ (b)   Array implementation of Stack ADT (c)   Linked list implementation of Stack ADT (d)   Program for ‘Evaluating Postfix Expressions’ An appropriate header file for the Stack ADT should be #included in (a) and (d)   Implement the application for checking ‘Balanced Paranthesis’ using array implementation of Stack ADT (by implementing files (a) and (b) given above) Implement the application for checking ‘Balanced Paranthesis’ using linked list implementation of Stack ADT (by using file (a) from experiment 6 and implementing file (c)) Implement the application for ‘Evaluating Postfix Expressions’ using array and linked list implementations of Stack ADT (by implementing file (d) and using file (b), and then by using files (d) and (c)) Queue ADT Search Tree ADT - Binary Search Tree Heap Sort Quick Sort XEC308 ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS- II AND SIMULATION LAB 0 0 3 2 Electronic Circuits Lab Series and Shunt feedback amplifiers: Frequency response, Input and output impedance calculation Design of RC Phase shift oscillator: Design Wein Bridge Oscillator Design of Hartley and Colpitts Oscilator Tuned Class C Integrators, Differentiators, Clippers and Clampers Design of Astable and Monostable and Bistable multivibrators SIMULATION USING PSPICE: 1.Differential amplifier 2.Active filter : Butterworth IInd order LPF 3 Astable, Monostable and Bistable multivibrator - Transistor bias 4.D/A and A/D converter (Successive approximation) 5.Analog multiplier CMOS Inventor, NAND and NOR XEC401 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND ENIGINEERING 3 0 0 3 UNIT I INTRODUCTION TO ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES AND ENERGY 12 Definition, scope and importance – Need for public awareness – Forest resources: Use and over-exploitation, deforestation, case studies. Timber extraction, mining, dams and their effects on forests and tribal people – Water resources: Use and over-utilization of surface and ground water, floods, drought, conflicts over water, dams-benefits and problems – Mineral resources: Use and exploitation, environmental effects of extracting and using mineral resources, case studies – Food resources: World food problems, changes caused by agriculture and overgrazing, effects of modern agriculture, fertilizer-pesticide problems, water logging, salinity, case studies – Energy resources: Growing energy needs, renewable and non renewable energy sources, use of alternate energy sources. case studies – Land resources: Land as a resource, land degradation, man induced landslides, soil erosion and desertification – Role of an individual in conservation of natural resources – Equitable use of resources for sustainable lifestyles. UNIT II ECOSYSTEMS AND BIODIVERSITY 12 Concept of an ecosystem – Structure and function of an ecosystem – Producers, consumers and decomposers – Energy flow in the ecosystem – Ecological succession – Food chains, food webs and ecological pyramids – Introduction, types, characteristic features, structure and function of the (a) Forest ecosystem (b) Grassland ecosystem (c) Desert ecosystem (d) Aquatic ecosystems (ponds, streams, lakes, rivers, oceans, estuaries) – Introduction to Biodiversity – Definition: genetic, species and ecosystem diversity - Conservation of biodiversity: In-situ and Ex-situ conservation of biodiversity. UNIT III ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION 8 Definition – Causes, effects and control measures of: (a) Air pollution (b) Water pollution (c) Soil pollution (d) Marine pollution (e) Noise pollution (f) Thermal pollution (g) Nuclear hazards – Soil waste Management: Causes, effects and control measures of urban and industrial wastes – Role of an individual in prevention of pollution – Pollution case studies – Disaster management: floods, earthquake, cyclone and landslides. UNIT IV SOCIAL ISSUES AND THE ENVIRONMENT 7 Urban problems related to energy – Water conservation, rain water harvesting, watershed management – Resettlement and rehabilitation of people; its problems and concerns, Climate change, global warming, acid rain, ozone layer depletion, nuclear accidents and holocaust, Wasteland reclamation – Consumerism and waste products – Environment Production Act – Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act – Water (Prevention and control of Pollution) Act – Wildlife Protection Act – Forest Conservation Act – Issues involved in enforcement of environmental legislation – Public awareness  UNIT V HUMAN POPULATION AND THE ENVIRONMENT 6 Population growth, variation among nations – Population explosion – Family Welfare Programme – Environment and human health – Human Rights – Value Education - HIV / AIDS – Women and Child Welfare – Role of Information Technology in Environment and human health – Case studies. L:45; Total :45 TEXT BOOKS: 1. Gilbert M.Masters, Introduction to Environmental Engineering and Science, Pearson Education Pvt., Ltd., Second Edition, ISBN 81-297-0277-0, 2004. 2. Miller T.G. Jr., Environmental Science, Wadsworth Publishing Co. 3. Townsend C., Harper J and Michael Begon, Essentials of Ecology, Blackwell Science. 4. Trivedi R.K. and P.K. Goel, Introduction to Air Pollution, Techno-Science Publications. REFERENCES: Trivedi R.K., Handbook of Environmental Laws, Rules, Guidelines, Compliances and Standards, Vol. I and II, Enviro Media. Cunningham, W.P.Cooper, T.H.Gorhani, Environmental Encyclopedia, Jaico Publ., House, Mumbai, 2001. Wager K.D., Environmental Management, W.B. Saunders Co., Philadelphia, USA, 1998. S.K.Dhameja, Environmental Engineering and Management, S. K. Kataria and Sons, New Delhi, 1999. XEC402 Random PRocessES 3 1 0 4 . UNIT I PROBABILITY AND RANDOM VARIABLE 9 +3 Axioms of probability - Conditional probability - Total probability – Baye’s theorem - Random variable - Probability mass function - Probability density functions- Properties –Moments - Moment generating functions and their properties. UNIT II STANDARD DISTRIBUTIONS 9 +3 Binomial, Poisson, Geometric, Negative Binomial, Uniform, Exponential, Gamma, Weibull and Normal distributions and their properties - Functions of a random variable. UNIT III TWO DIMENSIONAL RANDOM VARIABLES 9 + 3 Joint distributions - Marginal and conditional distributions – Covariance - Correlation and regression - Transformation of random variables - Central limit theorem. UNIT IV Classification of RANDOM PROCESSES 9 + 3 Definition and examples - first order, second order, strictly stationary, wide – sense stationary and Ergodic processes - Markov process - Binomial, Poisson and Normal processes - Sine wave process. UNIT V Correlation and spectral densities 9 + 3 Auto correlation - Cross correlation - Properties – Power spectral density – Cross spectral density - Properties – Wiener-Khintchine relation – Relationship between cross power spectrum and cross correlation function - Linear time invariant system - System transfer function –Linear systems with random inputs – Auto correlation and cross correlation functions of input and output. L:45; T:15; Total : 60 TEXT BOOKS: Ross, S., “A First Course in Probability”, Fifth edition, Pearson Education, Delhi, 2002. Peebles Jr. P.Z., “Probability Random Variables and Random Signal Principles”, Tata McGraw-Hill Pubishers, Fourth Edition, New Delhi, 2002. (Chapters 6, 7 and 8). REFERENCES Henry Stark and John W. Woods “Probability and Random Processes with Applications to Signal Processing”, Pearson Education, Third edition, Delhi, 2002. Veerarajan. T., “Probabilitiy, Statistics and Random process”, Tata McGraw-Hill Publications, Second Edition, New Delhi, 2002. Ochi, M.K. , “Applied Probability and Stochastic Process”, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1990. XEC403 MEASUREMENTS AND INSTRUMENTATION 3 0 0 3 UNIT I BASIC MEASUREMENT CONCEPTS 9 Measurement systems – Static and dynamic characteristics – units and standards of measurements – error analysis – moving coil, moving iron meters – multimeters – True RMS meters – Bridge measurements – Maxwell, Hay, Schering, Anderson and Wien bridge. UNIT II BASIC ELECTRONIC MEASUREMENTS 9 Electronic multimeters – Cathode ray oscilloscopes – block schematic – applications – special oscilloscopes – Q meters – Vector meters – RF voltage and power measurements. UNIT III SIGNAL GENERATORS AND ANALYZERS 9 Function generators – RF signal generators – Sweep generators – Frequency synthesizer – wave analyzer – Harmonic distortion analyzer – spectrum analyzer. UNIT IV DIGITAL INSTRUMENTS 9 Comparison of analog and digital techniques – digital voltmeter – multimeters – frequency counters – measurement of frequency and time interval – extension of frequency range – measurement errors. UNIT VDATA ACQUISITION SYSTEMS AND FIBER OPTIC MEASUREMENTS 9 Elements of a digital data acquisition system – interfacing of transducers – multiplexing – computer controlled instrumentation – IEEE 488 bus – fiber optic measurements for power and system loss – optical time domains reflectometer. L:45; Total : 45 TEXT BOOKS: Albert D.Helfrick and William D.Cooper – Modern Electronic Instrumentation and Measurement Techniques, Prentice Hall of India, 2003. REFERENCES: 1. Joseph J.Carr, Elements of Electronics Instrumentation and Measurement, Pearson education, 2003. 2. Alan. S. Morris, Principles of Measurements and Instrumentation, Prentice Hall of India, 2nd edn., 2003. 3. Ernest O. Doebelin, Measurement Systems- Application and Design-Tata McGraw-Hill-2004. XEC404 TRANSMISSION LINES AND WAVEGUIDES 3 1 0 4 UNIT I TRANSMISSION LINE THEORY 9 Different types of transmission lines – Definition of Characteristic impedance – The transmission line as a cascade of T-Sections - Definition of Propagation Constant. General Solution of the transmission line – The two standard forms for voltage and current of a line terminated by an impedance – physical significance of the equation and the infinite line – The two standard forms for the input impedance of a transmission line terminated by an impedance – meaning of reflection coefficient – wavelength and velocity of propagation. Waveform distortion – distortion less transmission line – The telephone cable – Inductance loading of telephone cables. Input impedance of lossless lines – reflection on a line not terminated by Zo - Transfer impedance – reflection factor and reflection loss – T and ∏ Section equivalent to lines. UNIT II THE LINE AT RADIO FREQUENCIES 9 Standing waves and standing wave ratio on a line – One eighth wave line – The quarter wave line and impedance matching – the half wave line. The circle diagram for the dissipationless line – The Smith Chart – Application of the Smith Chart – Conversion from impedance to reflection coefficient and vice-versa. Impedance to Admittance conversion and viceversa – Input impedance of a lossless line terminated by an impedance – single stub matching and double stub matching. UNIT III GUIDED WAVES 8 Waves between parallel planes of perfect conductors – Transverse electric and transverse magnetic waves – characteristics of TE and TM Waves – Transverse Electromagnetic waves – Velocities of propagation – component uniform plane waves between parallel planes – Attenuation of TE and TM waves in parallel plane guides – Wave impedances. UNIT IV RECTANGULAR WAVEGUIDES 9 Transverse Magnetic Waves in Rectangular Wave guides – Transverse Electric Waves in Rectangular Waveguides – characteristic of TE and TM Waves – Cutoff wavelength and phase velocity – Impossibility of TEM waves in waveguides – Dominant mode in rectangular waveguide – Attenuation of TE and TM modes in rectangular waveguides – Wave impedances – characteristic impedance – Excitation of modes. UNIT V CIRCULAR WAVE GUIDES AND RESONATORS 10 Bessel functions – Solution of field equations in cylindrical co-ordinates – TM and TE waves in circular guides – wave impedances and characteristic impedance – Dominant mode in circular waveguide – excitation of modes – Microwave cavities, Rectangular cavity resonators, circular cavity resonator, semicircular cavity resonator, Q factor of a cavity resonator for TE101 mode. L:45; T:15; Total:60 TEXT BOOKS J.D.Ryder “Networks, Lines and Fields”, PHI, New Delhi, 2003. (Unit I & II) E.C. Jordan and K.G.Balmain “Electro Magnetic Waves and Radiating System, PHI, New Delhi, 2003. (Unit III, IV & V) REFERENCES Ramo, Whineery and Van Duzer: “Fields and Waves in Communication Electronics” John Wiley, 2003. David M.Pozar: Microwave Engineering – 2nd Edition – John Wiley. David K.Cheng,Field and Waves in Electromagnetism, Pearson Education, 1989. Umesh Sinha, “Transmission Lines And Networks” Sathya Prakashan Publishers, 7th       Edition, 2001 XEC405 DIGITAL ELECTRONICS 3 1 0 4 UNIT I Number systems and Minimization Techniques 9 Binary, Octal, Decimal, Hexadecimal-Number base conversions – complements – signed Binary numbers. Binary Arithmetic- Binary codes: Weighted –BCD-2421-Gray code-Excess 3 code-ASCII –Error detecting code – conversion from one code to another-Boolean postulates and laws –De-Morgan’s Theorem- Principle of Duality- Boolean expression – Boolean function- Minimization of Boolean expressions – Sum of Products (SOP) –Product of Sums (POS)-Minterm- Maxterm- Canonical forms – Conversion between canonical forms –Karnaugh map Minimization – Don’t care conditions. UNIT II 9 LOGIC GATES: AND, OR, NOT, NAND, NOR, Exclusive – OR and Exclusive – NOR- Implementations of Logic Functions using gates, NAND –NOR implementations –Multi level gate implementations- Multi output gate implementations. TTL and CMOS Logic and their characteristics –Tristate gates. COMBINATIONAL CIRCUITS: Design procedure – Adders-Subtractors – Serial adder/ Subtractor - Parallel adder/ Subtractor- Carry look ahead adder- BCD adder- Magnitude Comparator- Multiplexer/ Demultiplexer- encoder / decoder – parity checker – code converters. Implementation of combinational logic using MUX, ROM, PAL and PLA. UNIT III SEQUENTIAL CIRCUIT 9 Flip flops SR, JK, T, D and Master slave – Characteristic table and equation –Application table – Edge triggering –Level Triggering –Realization of one flip flop using other flip flops –Asynchronous / Ripple counters – Synchronous counters –Modulo – n counter –Classification of sequential circuits – Moore and Mealy -Design of Synchronous counters: state diagram- State table –State minimization –State assignment- ASM-Excitation table and maps-Circuit implementation - Register – shift registers- Universal shift register – Shift counters – Ring counters. UNIT IV ASYNCHRONOUS SEQUENTIAL CIRCUITS 9 Design of fundamental mode and pulse mode circuits – primitive state / flow table – Minimization of primitive state table –state assignment – Excitation table – Excitation map- cycles – Races –Hazards: Static –Dynamic –Essential –Hazards elimination. UNIT V MEMORY DEVICES 9 Classification of memories –RAM organization – Write operation –Read operation – Memory cycle - Timing wave forms – Memory decoding – memory expansion – Static RAM Cell-Bipolar RAM cell – MOSFET RAM cell –Dynamic RAM cell –ROM organization - PROM –EPROM –EEPROM –EAPROM –Programmable Logic Devices –Programmable Logic Array (PLA)- Programmable Array Logic (PAL)-Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA). LECTURE=45 TUTORIAL 15 TOTAL : 60 TEXT BOOKS M. Morris Mano, Digital Design, 3.ed., Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 2003/Pearson Education (Singapore) Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 2003 – (Unit I, II, V) John .M Yarbrough, Digital Logic Applications and Design, Thomson- Vikas publishing house, New Delhi, 2002. (Unit III, IV) REFERENCES S. Salivahanan and S. Arivazhagan, Digital Circuits and Design, 2nd ed., Vikas Publishing House Pvt. Ltd, New Delhi, 2004 Charles H.Roth. “Fundamentals of Logic Design”, Thomson Publication Company, 2003. Donald P.Leach and Albert Paul Malvino, Digital Principles and Applications, 5 ed., Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Company Limited, New Delhi, 2003. R.P.Jain, Modern Digital Electronics, 3 ed., Tata McGraw–Hill publishing company limited, New Delhi, 2003. Thomas L. Floyd, Digital Fundamentals, Pearson Education, Inc, New Delhi, 2003 Donald D.Givone, Digital Principles and Design, Tata Mc-Graw-Hill Publishing company limited, New Delhi, 2003. XEC406 LINEAR INTEGRATED CIRCUITS * 3 0 0 3 UNIT I CIRCUIT CONFIGURATION FOR LINEAR ICs 9 Current sources, Analysis of difference amplifiers with active loads, supply and temperature independent biasing, Band gap references, Monolithic IC operational amplifiers, specifications, frequency compensation, slew rate and methods of improving slew rate. UNIT II APPLICATIONS OF OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS 9 Linear and Nonlinear Circuits using operational amplifiers and their analysis, Inverting and Non inverting Amplifiers, Differentiator, Integrator, Voltage to current converter, Instrumentation amplifier, Sine wave Oscillator, Low-pass and band-pass filters, Comparator, Multivibrators and Schmitt trigger, Triangular wave generator, Precision rectifier, Log and Antilog amplifiers, Non-linear function generator. UNIT III ANALOG MULTIPLIER AND PLL 9 Analysis of four quadrant (Gilbert cell) and variable transconductance multipliers, Voltage controlled Oscillator, Closed loop analysis of PLL, AM, PM and FSK modulators and demodulators, Frequency synthesizers, Compander ICs. UNIT IVANALOG TO DIGITAL AND DIGITAL TO ANALOG CONVERTERS 9 Analog switches, High speed sample and hold circuits and sample and hold ICs, Types of D/A converter, Current driven DAC, Switches for DAC, A/D converter-Flash, Single slope, Dual slope, Successive approximation, Delta Sigma Modulation, Voltage to Time converters. UNIT V SPECIAL FUNCTION ICs 9 Astable and Monostable Multivibrators using 555 Timer, Voltage regulators-linear and switched mode types, Switched capacitor filter, Frequency to Voltage converters, Tuned amplifiers, Power amplifiers and Isolation Amplifiers, Video amplifiers, Fiber optic ICs and Opto-couplers. LECTURE=45 TOTAL : 45 TEXT BOOK 1. Sergio Franco, ‘Design with operational amplifiers and analog integrated circuits’, McGraw-Hill, 1997. 2. D.Roy Choudhry, Shail Jain, “Linear Integrated Circuits”, New Age International Pvt. Ltd., 2000. REFERENCES Gray and Meyer, ‘Analysis and Design of Analog Integrated Circuits’, Wiley International, 1995. J.Michael Jacob, ‘Applications and Design with Analog Integrated Circuits’, Prentice Hall of India, 1996. Ramakant A.Gayakwad, ‘OP-AMP and Linear IC’s’, Prentice Hall / Pearson Education, 1994. K.R.Botkar, ‘Integrated Circuits’. Khanna Publishers, 1996. Taub and Schilling, Digital Integrated Electronics, McGraw-Hill, 1997. Millman.J. and Halkias.C.C. ‘Integrated Electronics’, McGraw-Hill, 1972. William D.Stanely, ‘Operational Amplifiers with Linear Integrated Circuits’. Pearson Education, 2004. XEC407 INTEGRATED CIRCUITS LAB 0 0 3 2 Design and testing of Inverting, Non inverting and Differential amplifiers. Integrator and Differentiator. Instrumentation amplifier. Active lowpass and bandpass filter. Astable, Monostable multivibrators and Schmitt Trigger using op-amp. Phase shift and Wien bridge oscillator using op-amp. Astable and monostable using NE555 Timer. PLL characteristics and Frequency Multiplier using PLL. DC power supply using LM317 and LM723. Study of SMPS control IC SG3524 / SG3525. * copy the digital lab experiments XEC408 DIGITAL ELECTRONICS LAB 0 0 3 2 Design and implementation of Adders and Subtractors using logic gates. Design and implementation of code converters using logic gates (i) BCD to excess-3 code and voice versa (ii) Binary to gray and vice-versa Design and implementation of 4 bit binary Adder/ subtractor and BCD adder using IC 7483 Design and implementation of2Bit Magnitude Comparator using logic gates 8 Bit Magnitude Comparator using IC 7485 Design and implementation of 16 bit odd/even parity checker generator using IC74180. Design and implementation of Multiplexer and De-multiplexer using logic gates and study of IC74150 and IC 74154 Design and implementation of encoder and decoder using logic gates and study of IC7445 and IC74147 Construction and verification of 4 bit ripple counter and Mod-10 / Mod-12 Ripple counters Design and implementation of 3-bit synchronous up/down counter Implementation of SISO, SIPO, PISO and PIPO shift registers using Flip- flopss XEC 501 TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT 3 0 0 3 INTRODUCTION 9 Definition of Quality, Dimensions of Quality, Quality Planning, Quality costs - Analysis Techniques for Quality Costs, Basic concepts of Total Quality Management, Historical Review, Principles of TQM, Leadership – Concepts, Role of Senior Management, Quality Council, Quality Statements, Strategic Planning, Deming Philosophy, Barriers to TQM Implementation. TQM PRINCIPLES 9 Customer satisfaction – Customer Perception of Quality, Customer Complaints, Service Quality, Customer Retention, Employee Involvement – Motivation, Empowerment, Teams, Recognition and Reward, Performance Appraisal, Benefits, Continuous Process Improvement – Juran Trilogy, PDSA Cycle, 5S, Kaizen, Supplier Partnership – Partnering, sourcing, Supplier Selection, Supplier Rating, Relationship Development, Performance Measures – Basic Concepts, Strategy, Performance Measure. 3 STATISTICAL PROCESS CONTROL (SPC) 9 The seven tools of quality, Statistical Fundamentals – Measures of central Tendency and Dispersion, Population and Sample, Normal Curve, Control Charts for variables and attributes, Process capability, Concept of six sigma, New seven Management tools. TQM TOOLS 9 Benchmarking – Reasons to Benchmark, Benchmarking Process, Quality Function Deployment (QFD) – House of Quality, QFD Process, Benefits, Taguchi Quality Loss Function, Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) – Concept, Improvement Needs, FMEA – Stages of FMEA. QUALITY SYSTEMS 9 Need for ISO 9000 and Other Quality Systems, ISO 9000:2000 Quality System – Elements, Implementation of Quality System, Documentation, Quality Auditing, TS 16949, ISO 14000 – Concept, Requirements and Benefits. TOTAL : 45 TEXT BOOK Dale H.Besterfiled, et al., Total Quality Management, Pearson Education, Inc. 2003. (Indian reprint 2004). ISBN 81-297-0260-6. REFERENCES James R.Evans & William M.Lidsay, The Management and Control of Quality, (5th Edition), South-Western (Thomson Learning), 2002 (ISBN 0-324-06680-5). Feigenbaum.A.V. “Total Quality Management, McGraw Hill, 1991. Oakland.J.S. “Total Quality Management Butterworth – Hcinemann Ltd., Oxford. 1989. Narayana V. and Sreenivasan, N.S. Quality Management – Concepts and Tasks, New Age International 1996. Zeiri. “Total Quality Management for Engineers Wood Head Publishers, 1991. XEC 502 NUMERICAL METHODS 3 1 0 4 UNIT I SOLUTION OF EQUATIONS AND EIGEN VALUE PROBLEMS 9 Newton’s method- Fixed point iteration x = g(x) method – Solution of Linear system of Gaussian elimination and Gauss Jordan methods – Iterative method: Gauss Jacobi and Gauss Jordan method . UNIT II INTERPOLATIONS AND APPROXIMATION 9 Lagrangian Polynomials – Divided difference –Newton’s forward and backward difference formulae UNIT III NUMERICAL DIFFERENTIATION AND INTEGRATION 9 Derivatives from difference table – divided difference and finite difference – Numerical differentiation by Trapezoidal and Simpson’s 1/3 and 3/8 rule Romberg’s method . UNIT IV INITIAL VALUE PROBLEMS FOR ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS 9 Single Step method: Taylor series method – Euler and modified Euler method – fourth order Runge – kutta method for solving first and second order equations – Multistep methods – Milne’s and Adam’s predictor and corrector methods. UNIT V BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEMS 9 Finite difference solution for the second order differential equations – finite difference solution for one dimensional heat equation by implicit and explicit methods – One dimensional wave equation. LECTURE: 45 TUTORIAL: 15 TOTAL: 60 TEXT BOOKS: 1. Gerald, C.F, and Wheatley, P.O, “ Applied Numerical Analysis”, Sixth Edition, Pearson Education Asia, New Delhi , 2002. 2. “Numerical Methods Scientific and Engineering Computation ”Jain M.K., Iyengar. New Age International (P) Ltd, Publishers, 2003 REFERENCES: Kandasamy P, Thilakavathy K and Gunavathy K, Numerical methods” S. Chand and Co. New Delhi,1999. Venkatraman M. K., “ Numerical Methods” National Pub. Company, Chennai 1991. XEC503 DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING 3 1 0 4 AIM To study the signal processing methods and processors. OBJECTIVES To study DFT and its computation To study the design techniques for digital filters To study the finite word length effects in signal processing To study the non-parametric methods of power spectrum estimations To study the fundamentals of digital signal processors. UNIT I FFT 9 Introduction to DFT – Efficient computation of DFT Properties of DFT – FFT algorithms – Radix-2 FFT algorithms – Decimation in Time – Decimation in Frequency algorithms –Use of FFT algorithms in Linear Filtering and correlation. UNIT II DIGITAL FILTERS DESIGN 9 Amplitude and phase responses of FIR filters – Linear phase filters – Windowing techniques for design of Linear phase FIR filters – Rectangular, Hamming, Kaiser windows – frequency sampling techniques – IIR Filters – Magnitude response – Phase response – group delay - Design of Low Pass Butterworth filters (low pass) - Bilinear transformation – prewarping, impulse invariant transformation. UNIT III FINITE WORD LENGTH EFFECTS 9 Quantization noise – derivation for quantization noise power – Fixed point and binary floating point number representation – comparison – over flow error – truncation error – co-efficient quantization error - limit cycle oscillation – signal scaling – analytical model of sample and hold operations. UNIT IV POWER SPECTRUM ESTIMATION 9 Computation of Energy density spectrum – auto correlation and power spectrum of random signals. Periodogram – use of DFT in power spectrum estimation – Non parametric methods for power spectral estimation: Bartlett and Welch methods – Blackman and Tukey method. UNIT V DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSORS 9 Introduction to DSP architecture – Harvard architecture - Dedicated MAC unit - Multiple ALUs, Advanced addressing modes, Pipelining, Overview of instruction set of TMS320C5X and C54X- Introduction to Floating Point Processor TMS320C3X TUTORIAL 15 TOTAL : 60 TEXT BOOKS John G Proakis, Dimtris G Manolakis, Digital Signal Processing Principles, Algorithms and Application, PHI, 3rd Edition, 2000, B.Venkataramani & M. Bhaskar, Digital Signal Processor Architecture, Programming and Application, TMH 2002. (UNIT – V) REFERENCES Alan V Oppenheim, Ronald W Schafer, John R Back, Discrete Time Signal Processing, PHI, 2nd Edition 2000, Avtar singh, S.Srinivasan DSP Implementation using DSP microprocessor with Examples from TMS32C54XX -Thamson / Brooks cole Publishers, 2003 S.Salivahanan, A.Vallavaraj, Gnanapriya, Digital Signal Processing, McGraw-Hill / TMH, 2000 Johny R.Johnson :Introduction to Digital Signal Processing, Prentice Hall, 1984. S.K.Mitra, “Digital Signal Processing- A Computer based approach”, Tata McGraw-Hill, 1998, New Delhi. XEC504 COMMUNICATION THEORY 3 1 0 4 AIM To study the various analog communication fundamentals viz., Amplitude modulation and demodulation, angle modulation and demodulation. Noise performance of various receivers and information theory with source coding theorem are also dealt. OBJECTIVE To provide various Amplitude modulation and demodulation systems. To provide various Angle modulation and demodulation systems. To provide some depth analysis in noise performance of various receiver. To study some basic information theory with some channel coding theorem. UNIT I AMPLITUDE MODULATIONS 9 Generation and demodulation of AM, DSB-SC, SSB-SC, VSB Signals, Filtering of sidebands, Comparison of Amplitude modulation systems, Frequency translation, Frequency Division multiplexing, AM transmitters – Superhetrodyne receiver, AM receiver. UNIT II ANGLE MODULATION 9 Angle modulation, frequency modulation, Narrowband and wideband FM, transmission bandwidth of FM signals, Generation of FM signal – Direct FM – indirect FM, Demodulation of FM signals, FM stereo multiplexing, PLL – Nonlinear model and linear model of PLL, Non-linear effects in FM systems, FM Broadcast receivers, FM stereo receives. UNIT III NOISE PERFORMANCE OF DSB, SSB RECEIVERS 9 Noise – Shot noise, thermal noise, White noise, Noise equivalent Bandwidth, Narrowband noise, Representation of Narrowband noise in terms of envelope and phase components, Sinewave plus Narrowband Noise, Receiver model, Noise in DSB-SC receiver, Noise in SSB receiver UNIT IV NOISE PERFORMANCE OF AM AND FM RECEIVERS 9 Noise in AM receivers threshold effect, Noise in FM receivers capture effect, FM threshold effect, FM threshold reduction, Pre-emphasis and de-emphasis in FM, Comparison of performance of AM and FM systems. UNIT V INFORMATION THEORY 9 Uncertainty, Information and entropy, Source coding theorem, Data compaction, Discrete memory less channels, mutual information, channel capacity, channel coding theorem, Differential entropy, and mutual information for continuous ensembles, information capacity theorem, implication of the information capacity theorem, rate distortion theory, Compression of information. TUTORIAL 15 TOTAL : 60 TEXT BOOK Simon Haykin, Communication Systems, John Wiley & sons, NY, 4th Edition, 2001. References 1.Roddy and Coolen, Electronic communication, PHI, New Delhi, 4th Edition, 2003. 2. Taub and Schilling, Principles of communication systems, TMH, New Delhi, 1995. 3. Bruce Carlson et al, Communication systems, McGraw-Hill Int., 4th Edition, 2002. XEC 505 MICROPROCESSORS AND ITS APPLICATIONS 3 0 0 3 AIM To learn the architecture programming and interfacing of microprocessors and microcontrollers. OBJECTIVES To introduce the architecture and programming of 8085 microprocessor. To introduce the interfacing of peripheral devices with 8085 microprocessor. To introduce the architecture and programming of 8086 microprocessor. To introduce the architecture, programming and interfacing of 8051 micro controller. UNIT I 8085 CPU 9 8085 Architecture – Instruction set – Addressing modes – Timing diagrams – Assembly language programming – Counters – Time Delays – Interrupts – Memory interfacing – Interfacing, I/O devices. UNIT II PERIPHERALS INTERFACING 9 Interfacing Serial I/O (8251)- parallel I/O (8255) –Keyboard and Display controller (8279) – ADC/DAC interfacing – Inter Integrated Circuits interfacing (I2C Standard)- Bus: RS232C-RS485-GPIB-USART UNIT III 8086 CPU 9 Intel 8086 Internal Architecture – 8086 Addressing modes- Instruction set- 8086 Assembly language Programming–Interrupts. UNIT IV 8051 MICROCONTROLLER 9 8051 Micro controller hardware- I/O pins, ports and circuits- External memory –Counters and Timers-Serial Data I/O- Interrupts-Interfacing to external memory and 8255. UNIT V 8051 PROGRAMMING AND APPLICATIONS 9 8051 instruction set – Addressing modes – Assembly language programming – I/O port programming -Timer and counter programming – Serial Communication – Interrupt programming –8051 Interfacing: LCD, ADC, Sensors, Stepper Motors, Keyboard and DAC. TOTAL : 45 TEXT BOOKS Ramesh S Gaonkar, Microprocessor Architecture, Programming and application with 8085, 4th Edition, Penram International Publishing, New Delhi, 2000. (Unit I, II) John Uffenbeck, The 80x86 Family, Design, Programming and Interfacing, Third Edition. Pearson Education, 2002. Mohammed Ali Mazidi and Janice Gillispie Mazidi, The 8051 Microcontroller and Embedded Systems, Pearson Education Asia, New Delhi, 2003. (Unit IV, V) REFERENCES A.K. Ray and K.M.Burchandi, Intel Microprocessors Architecture Programming and Interfacing, McGraw Hill International Edition, 2000 Kenneth J Ayala, The 8051 Microcontroller Architecture Programming and Application, 2nd Edition, Penram International Publishers (India), New Delhi, 1996. M. Rafi Quazzaman, Microprocessors Theory and Applications: Intel and Motorola prentice Hall of India, Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 2003. XEC 506 CONTROL SYSTEMS 3 1 0 4 AIM To familiarize the students with concepts related to the operation analysis and stabilization of control systems OBJECTIVES To understand the open loop and closed loop (feedback ) systems To understand time domain and frequency domain analysis of control systems required for stability analysis. To understand the compensation technique that can be used to stabilize control systems UNIT I CONTROL SYSTEM MODELLING 9 System concept, differential equations and transfer functions. Modelling of electric systems, translational and rotational mechanical systems, Simple electromechanical systems. Block diagram representation of systems – Block diagram reduction methods – Closed loop transfer function, determination of signal flow graph. Mason’s gain formula – Examples. UNIT II TIME DOMAIN ANALYSIS 9 Test signals – time response of first order and second order systems – time domain specifications – types and order of systems – generalised error co-efficients – steady state errors – concepts of stability – Routh-Hurwitz stability – root locus. UNIT III FREQUENCY DOMAIN ANALYSIS 9 Introduction – correlation between time and frequency response – stability analysis using Bode plots, Polar plots, Nichols chart and Nyquist stability criterion – Gain margin – phase margin. UNIT IV COMPENSATORS 9 Realization of basic compensators – cascade compensation in time domain and frequency domain and feedback compensation – design of lag, lead, lag-lead compensator using Bode plot and Root locus. Introduction to P, PI and PID controllers. UNIT V CONTROL SYSTEM COMPONENTS AND APPLICATION OF CONTROL SYSTEMS 9 Stepper motors – AC servo motor – DC servo motor – Synchros – sensors and encoders – DC tacho generator – AC tacho generator – Hydraulic controller – Pneumatic controller – Typical application of control system in industry. TUTORIAL 15 TOTAL : 60 TEXT BOOKS Ogata.K, Modern Control Engineering, Prentice Hall of India, 4th Edition, 2003 (UNIT I – IV) Nagrath & Gopal, Control System Engineering, 3rd Edition, New Age International Edition, 2002. (UNIT V) REFERENCES 1. Benjamin.C.Kuo, Automatic Control Systems, 7th Edition – Prentice Hall of India, 20 XEC507 DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING LABORATORY 0 0 3 2 AIM To introduce the student to various digital Signal Processing techniques using TMS 320c5x family processors and MATLAB. OBJECTIVES: To implement the processing techniques using the instructions of TMS320c5x. To implement the IIR and FIR filter using MATLAB. LIST OF EXPERIMENTS USING TMS320C5X Study of various addressing modes of DSP using simple programming examples Sampling of input signal and display Implementation of FIR filter Calculation of FFT USING MATLAB Generation of Signals Linear and circular convolution of two sequences Sampling and effect of aliasing Design of FIR filters Design of IIR filters Calculation of FFT of a signal XEC508 MICROPROCESSOR AND APPLICATIONS LAB 0 0 3 2 I MICROPROCESSOR LAB: Programs for 8/16 bit Arithmetic operations (Using 8085). Programs for Sorting and Searching (Using 8085). Programs for String manipulation operations (Using 8086 TASM & TLINK Assemblers). Programs for Digital clock and Stop watch (Using 8086 TASM & TLINK Assemblers). Interfacing ADC and DAC. Parallel Communication between two MP Kits using Mode 1 and Mode 2 of 8255. Interfacing and Programming 8279, 8259, and 8253. Serial Communication between two MP Kits using 8251. Interfacing and Programming of Stepper Motor and DC Motor Speed control. II Microcontroller Experiments (Any 4 Experiments using Assembly or C) 1.Study of assemblers and Cross Compilers, 2. Programming using Arithmetic, Logical and Bit Manipulation instructions of 8051microcontroller using KEIL Software. 3. Programming and verifying Timer, Interrupts and UART operations in 8051 microcontroller. 4. Programing and interfacing of a relay. 5. Programming and Interfacing of Analog to Digital converter. 6. Programming and Interfacing of stepper Motor and DC Motor speed control. . XEC 601 DIGITAL COMMUNICATION 3 1 0 4 AIM To introduce the basic concepts of Digital Communication modulation to baseband, passband modulation and to give an exposure to error control coding and finally to discuss about the spread spectrum modulation schemes. OBJECTIVES To study pulse modulation and discuss the process of sampling, quantization and coding that are fundamental to the digital transmission of analog signals. To learn baseband pulse transmission, which deals with the transmission of pulse-amplitude, modulated signals in their baseband form. To learn error control coding which encompasses techniques for the encoding and decoding of digital data streams for their reliable transmission over noisy channels. UNIT I PULSE MODULATION 9 Sampling process –PAM- other forms of pulse modulation –Bandwidth –Noise trade off –Quantization –PCM- Noise considerations in PCM Systems-TDM- Digital multiplexers-Virtues, Limitation and modification of PCM-Delta modulation –Linear prediction –differential pulse code modulation – Adaptive Delta Modulation. UNIT II BASEBAND PULSE TRANSMISSION 9 Matched Filter- Error Rate due to noise –Intersymbol Interference- Nyquist’s criterion for Distortionless Base band Binary Transmission- Correlative level coding –Baseb and M-ary PAM transmission –Adaptive Equalization –Eye patterns UNIT III PASSBAND DATA TRANSMISSION 9 Introduction – Pass band Transmission model- Generation, Detection, Signal space diagram, bit error probability and Power spectra of BPSK, QPSK, FSK and MSK schemes –Differential phase shift keying – Comparison of Digital modulation systems using a single carrier – Carrier and symbol synchronization. UNIT IV ERROR CONTROL CODING 9 Discrete memoryless channels – Linear block codes - Cyclic codes - Convolutional codes – Maximum likelihood decoding of convolutional codes-Viterbi Algorithm, Trellis coded Modulation, Turbo codes. UNIT V SPREAD SPECTRUM MODULATION 9 Pseudo- noise sequences –a notion of spread spectrum – Direct sequence spread spectrum with coherent binary phase shift keying – Signal space Dimensionality and processing gain –Probability of error – Frequency –hop spread spectrum –Maximum length and Gold codes. TUTORIAL 15 TOTAL : 60 TEXT BOOKS Simon Haykins, “Communication Systems” John Wiley, 4th Edition, 2001 REFERENCES Sam K.Shanmugam “Analog & Digital Communication” John Wiley. John G.Proakis, “Digital Communication” McGraw Hill 3rd Edition, 1995 Taub & Schilling , “Principles of Digital Communication “ Tata McGraw-Hill” 28th reprint, 2003 Bernard's XEC 602 COMPUTER NETWORKS 3 0 0 3 AIM To introduce the concept, terminologies, and technologies used in modern data communication and computer networking. OBJECTIVES To introduce the students the functions of different layers. To introduce IEEE standard employed in computer networking. To make students to get familiarized with different protocols and network components. UNIT I DATA COMMUNICATIONS 8 Components – Direction of Data flow – networks – Components and Categories – types of Connections – Topologies –Protocols and Standards – ISO / OSI model – Transmission Media – Coaxial Cable – Fiber Optics – Line Coding – Modems – RS232 Interfacing sequences. UNIT II DAT LINK LAYER 12 Error – detection and correction – Parity – LRC – CRC – Hamming code – Flow Control and Error control: stop and wait – go back N ARQ – selective repeat ARQ- sliding window techniques – HDLC. LAN: Ethernet IEEE 802.3, IEEE 802.4, and IEEE 802.5 – IEEE 802.11–FDDI, SONET – Bridges. UNIT III NETWORK LAYER 10 Internetworks - Packet Switching and Datagram approach – IP addressing methods – Subnetting – Routing – Distance Vector Routing – Link State Routing – Routers. UNIT IV TRANSPORT LAYER 8 Duties of transport layer – Multiplexing – Demultiplexing – Sockets – User Datagram Protocol (UDP) – Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) – Congestion Control – Quality of services (QOS) – Integrated Services. UNIT V APPLICATION LAYER 7 Domain Name Space (DNS) – SMTP, FDP, HTTP, WWW – Security – Cryptography. TOTAL : 45 TEXT BOOKS Behrouz A. Foruzan, “Data communication and Networking”, Tata McGraw-Hill, 2004. REFERENCES James .F. Kurouse & W. Rouse, “Computer Networking: A Topdown Approach Featuring”, Pearson Education. Larry L.Peterson & Peter S. Davie, “COMPUTER NETWORKS”, Harcourt Asia Pvt. Ltd., Second Edition. Andrew S. Tannenbaum, “Computer Networks”, PHI, Fourth Edition, 2003. William Stallings, “Data and Computer Communication”, Sixth Edition, Pearson Education, 2000. XEC 603 ANTENNAS AND WAVE PROPAGATION 3 1 0 4 AIM To enable the student to study the various types of antennas and wave propagation. OBJECTIVES To study radiation from a current element. To study antenna arrays To study aperture antennas To learn special antennas such as frequency independent and broad band antennas. To study radio wave propagation. UNIT I RADIATION FIELDS OF WIRE ANTENNAS 9 Concept of vector potential. Modification for time varying, retarded case. Fields associated with Hertzian dipole. Power radiated and radiation resistance of current element. Radiation resistance of elementary dipole with linear current distribution. Radiation from half-wave dipole and quarter-wave monopole. Assumed current distribution for wire antennas. Use of capacity hat and loading coil for short antennas. UNIT II ANTENNA FUNDAMENTALS AND ANTENNA ARRAYS 9 Definitions: Radiation intensity. Directive gain. Directivity. Power gain. Beam Width. Band Width. Gain and radiation resistance of current element. Half-wave dipole and folded dipole. Reciprocity principle. Effective length and Effective area. Relation between gain effective length and radiation resistance. Loop Antennas: Radiation from small loop and its radiation resistance. Radiation from a loop with circumference equal to a wavelength and resultant circular polarization on axis. Helical antenna. Normal mode and axial mode operation. Antenna Arrays: Expression for electric field from two and three element arrays. Uniform linear array. Method of pattern multiplication. Binomial array. Use of method of images for antennas above ground. UNIT III TRAVELLING WAVE (WIDEBAND) ANTENNAS 9 Radiation from a traveling wave on a wire. Analysis of Rhombic antenna. Design of Rhombic antennas. Coupled Antennas: Self and mutual impedance of antennas. Two and three element Yagi antennas. Log periodic antenna. Reason for feeding from end with shorter dipoles and need for transposing the lines. Effects of decreasing α. UNIT IV APERTURE AND LENS ANTENNAS. 9 Radiation from an elemental area of a plane wave (Huygen’s Source). Radiation from the open end of a coaxial line. Radiation from a rectangular aperture treated as an array of Huygen’s sources. Equivalence of fields of a slot and complementary dipole. Relation between dipole and slot impedances. Method of feeding slot antennas. Thin slot in an infinite cylinder. Field on the axis of an E-Plane sectoral horn. Radiation from circular aperture. Beam Width and Effective area. Reflector type of antennas (dish antennas). Dielectric lens and metal plane lens antennas. Lumeberg lens. Spherical waves and Biconical antenna. UNIT V PROPAGATION 9 The three basic types of propagation; ground wave, space wave and sky wave propagation. Sky wave propagation: Structure of the ionosphere. Effective dielectric constant of ionized region. Mechanism of refraction. Refractive index. Critical frequency. Skip distance. Effect of earth’s magnetic field. Energy loss in the ionosphere due to collisions. Maximum usable frequency. Fading and Diversity reception. Space wave propagation: Reflection from ground for vertically and horizontally polarized waves. Reflection characteristics of earth. Resultant of direct and reflected ray at the receiver. Duct propagation. Ground wave propagation: Attenuation characteristics for ground wave propagation. Calculation of field strength at a distance. TUTORIAL 15 TOTAL : 60 TEXTBOOK E.C.Jordan and Balmain, "Electro Magnetic Waves and Radiating Systems", PHI, 1968, Reprint 2003. REFERENCES John D.Kraus and Ronalatory Marhefka, "Antennas", Tata McGraw-Hill Book Company, 2002. R.E.Collins, 'Antennas and Radio Propagation ", McGraw-Hill, 1987. Ballany , "Antenna Theory " , John Wiley & Sons, second edition , 2003. XEC 604 EMBEDDED SYSTEMS 3 0 2 4 UNIT I Introduction Embedded Hardware & Software Development Environment :- Hardware Architecture, Micro- Controller Architecture, Communication Interface Standards, Embedded System Development Process, Embedded Operating systems, Types of Embedded Operating systems. PIC MICROCONTROLLERS Microchip PIC16 family PIC16F873 processor features architecture memory organization register file map I/O ports PORTA - PORTB PORTC Data EEPROM and flash program memory Asynchronous serial port SPI mode I2C mode. UNIT II HIGH PERFORMANCE RISC ARCHITECTURE :ARM The ARM architecture – ARM assembly language program – ARM organization and implementation – The ARM instruction set - The thumb instruction set – ARM CPU cores. LPC 23XX Introduction: Architectural overview- Features – Memory organization- Memory addressing – system control block: Crystal oscillator – External Interrupt Inputs – Miscellaneous system controls and Status – Memory mapping control – PLL- Power control – Reset – VPB divider – wakeup timer – Memory Acceleration Module – Pin connect Module UNIT III ON CHIP PERIPHERALS GPIO – Introduction – GPIO Usage – Timer 0 and Timer1 – PWM- RTC-On Chip ADC-On chip DAC – Interrupts – Features Description-Register description – VIC Registers – Interrupt sources – VIC usage- Flash memory and programming – Embedded ICE Logic. UNIT IV ADVANCED PERIPHERALS UART: Features – Pin Description – Register Description – Architecture. I2C Interfaces: Features – Applications – Description – Pin Description – Register Description – Architecture. SPI Interface : Features – Description – Pin Description – Register Description – Architecture. SSP Controller, USB Device Controller : Features – Architecture – Data Flow - Register Description, Watch Dog. UNIT V RTOS IN ARM 7 CPU Introduction – Advantage of using (C/OS-II RTOS – Multitasking – Tasks – Real time Kernels - (C/OS-II Initialization – Task Management – Time Management – Semophore Management – Message Box management – Message Queue Management – Porting (C/OS-II on ARM 7 CPU. 1. Programming for Embedded Systems- Dreamtech Software Team, Wiley Dreamtech.2. Design with PIC micro-controllers: John B Peatman, Pearson Education. 3. ARM System Developer’s Guide – Andrew N.SLOSS, Dominic SYMES, Chirs WRIGHT LPC 23XX User Manual. Micro C / OS – II The Real Time Kernel – Jean. J. Labrosse. Embedded system LAB II Microcontroller Experiments The following experiments should be implemented using Assembly or C programming. Using Simulator: PIC Microcontroller Simple Arithematic and Logical operation using simulator.(assembly or C programming. Using Evaluation Boards: PIC Analog to Digital conversion using ON chip ADC. Study and implement the I2C protocol. Study and implement the SPI protocol. Study and implement the EUART protocol. Using Simulator: 32 Bit Controller ARM Simple Arithematic and Logical operation using ARM – Elf – GCC simulator.(assembly or C programming) Using Evaluation Boards: ARM Interfacing 8 bit Digital Inputs (Switch Interface) Interfacing 8 bit Digital Output (LED interface Relay Interface Analog to Digital Conversion Digital to Analog Conversion LCD interface 16X2 and 20X4 character Based LCD Generation of PWM signals with various Duty cycles Stepper Motor interface. Porting (C/OS-II on ARM Board with simple 2 to 3 tasks. Mini project. XEC 605 TELEVISION AND VIDEO ENGINEERING 3 0 0 3 AIM Television Technology has now become a vital tool to the information revolution that is sweeping across the countries of the world. The syllabus aims at a comprehensive coverage of Television Systems with all the new developments in Television Engineering OBJECTIVES To study the analysis and synthesis of TV Pictures, Composite Video Signal, Receiver Picture Tubes and Television Camera Tubes To study the principles of Monochrome Television Transmitter and Receiver systems. To study the various Color Television systems with a greater emphasis on PAL system. To study the advanced topics in Television systems and Video Engineering UNIT I FUNDAMENTALS OF TELEVISION 8 Geometry form and Aspect Ratio - Image Continuity - Number of scanning lines - Interlaced scanning - Picture resolution - Camera tubes- Image orthicon - vidicon-plumbicon-silicon diode array vidicon-solid state image scanners- monochrome picture tubes- composite video signal-video signal dimension- horizontal sync. Composition- vertical sync. Details – functions of vertical pulse train – scanning sequence details. Picture signal transmission – positive and negative modulation – VSB transmission sound signal transmission – standard channel bandwidth. UNIT II MONOCHROME TELEVISION TRANSMITTER AND RECEIVER 9 TV transmitter – TV signal propagation – Interference – TV transmission Antennas – Monochrome TV receiver – RF tuner – UHF, VHF tuner- Digital tuning techniques- AFT-IF subsystems - AGC – Noise cancellation- Video and sound inter carrier detection- vision IF subsystem- video amplifiers requirements and configurations - DC re-insertion - Video amplifier circuits- Sync separation – typical sync processing circuits- Deflection current waveform – Deflection Oscillators – Frame deflection circuits – requirements- Line Deflection circuits – EHT generation – Receiver Antennas. UNIT III ESSENTIALS OF COLOUR TELEVISION 8 Compatibility – colour perception- Three colour theory- luminance, hue and saturation-colour television cameras- values of luminance and colour difference signals- colour television display tubes- delta – gun-precision – in-line and Trinitron colour picture tubes- purity and convergence- purity and static and dynamic convergence adjustments- pincushion correction techniques- automatic degaussing circuit- grey scale tracking – colour signal transmission- bandwidth- modulation of colour difference signals – weighting factors- Formation of chrominance signal. UNIT IV COLOUR TELEVISION SYSTEMS: 10 NTSC colour TV system- NTSC colour receiver- limitations of NTSC system – PAL colour TV system – cancellation of phase errors- PAL –D colour system- PAL coder – Pal-Decolour receiver- chromo signal amplifier- separation of U and V signals- colour burst separation – Burst phase Discriminator – ACC amplifier- Reference Oscillator- Ident and colour killer circuits- U and V demodulators- Colour signal matrixing – merits and demerits of the PAL system – SECAM system – merits and demerits of SECAM system. UNIT V ADVANCED TELEVISION SYSTEMS 10 Satellite TV technology- Cable TV – VCR- Video Disc recording and playback- Tele Text broadcast receiver – digital television – Transmission and reception- projection Television – Flat panel display TV receiver – Sterio sound in TV – 3D TV – EDTV – Digital equipments for TV studios. TOTAL : 45 TEXT BOOKS R.R.Gulati, “ Monochrome Television Practice, Principles, Technology and servcing , Second edition, New age International Publishes, 2004 (Unit I,II,IV and V) R.R.Gulati “Monochrome and colour television “, New age Internationl Publisher, 2003 (Unit I,III and IV) REFERENCES A.M Dhake, “Television and Video Engineerign”, Second edition, TMH, 2003. S.P.Bali, “ Colour Television, Theory and Practice”, TMH, 1994 XEC 607 RF and Communicaton LAB 0 0 3 2 LIST OF EXPERIMENTS Radiation pattern of Halfwave dipole Antenna 2. Radiation pattern of yagi Antenna 3. Radiation pattern of loop Antenna 4. Characteristics of AM receiver (Selectivity & Sensitivity) 5. Characteristics of FM receiver (Selectivity & Sensitivity) 6. Sampling & time division multiplexing 7. Pulse modulation- PAM / PWM /PPM 8. Pulse code modulation 9. Line coding & Decoding 10. Delta modulation / Differential pulse code modulation 11. Digital modulation –ASK, PSK, QPSK, FSK XEC 608 NETWORKS LABORATORY 0 0 3 2 1. PC to PC Communication Parallel Communication using 8 bit parallel cable Serial communication using RS 232C 2. Ethernet LAN protocol To create scenario and study the performance of CSMA/CD protocol ethrol simulation 3. Token bus and token ring protocols To create scenario and study the performance of token bus and token ring protocols through simulation 4. Wireless LAN protocols To create scenario and study the performance of network with CSMA / CA protocol and compare with CSMA/CD protocols. 5. Implementation and study of stop and wait protocol 6. Implementation and study of Goback-N and selective ret protocols 7. Implementation of distance vector routing algorithm 8. Implementation of Link state routing algorithm 9. Implementation of Data encryption and decryption 10. Transfer of files from PC to PC using Windows / Unix socket processing XEC 701 ENTREPRENEURSHIP DEVELOPMENT MANAGEMENT 3 0 0 3 UNIT I: ENTREPRENEURAL COMPETENCE 12 Entrepreneurship concept – Entrepreneurship as a Career – Entrepreneur – Personality Characteristics of Successful. Entrepreneur – Knowledge and Skills Required for an Entrepreneur. UNIT II: ENTREPRENEURAL ENVIRONMENT 12 Business Environment - Role of Family and Society - Entrepreneurship Development Training and Other Support Organisational Services - Central and State Government Industrial Policies and Regulations - International Business. UNIT III: BUSINESS PLAN PREPARATION 12 Sources of Product for Business – Pre-feasibility Study - Criteria for Selection of Product - Ownership - Capital - Budgeting Project Profile Preparation - Matching Entrepreneur with the Project - Feasibility Report Preparation and Evaluation Criteria. UNIT IV: LAUNCHING OF SMALL BUSINESS 12 Finance and Human Resource Mobilization Operations Planning - Market and Channel Selection - Growth Strategies - Product Launching. UNIT V: MANAGEMENT OF SMALL BUSINESS 12 Monitoring and Evaluation of Business - Preventing Sickness and Rehabilitation of Business Units - Effective Management of small Business. Total 60 REFERENCES: Hisrich, ‘Entrepreneurship’, Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi, 2001. P. Saravanavel, ‘Entrepreneurial Development’, Ess Pee kay Publishing House, Chennai -1997. S.S.Khanka, ‘Entrepreneurial Development’, S.Chand and Company Limited, New Delhi, 2001. Prasama Chandra, Projects – ‘Planning, Analysis, Selection, Implementation and Reviews’, Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Company Limited 1996. P.C.Jain (ed.), ‘Handbook for New Entrepreneurs’, EDII, Oxford University Press, New Delhi, 1999. Staff College for Technical Education, Manila and Centre for Research and Industrial Staff Performance, Bhopal, ‘Entrepreneurship Development’, Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Company Ltd., New Delhi, 1998. XEC 702 VLSI DESIGN 4 0 0 4 Aim To introduce the technology, design concepts and testing of Very Large Scale Integrated Circuits. Objectives To learn the basic CMOS circuits. To learn the CMOS process technology. To learn techniques of chip design using programmable devices. To learn the concepts of designing VLSI subsystems. To learn the concepts of modeling a digital system using Hardware Description Language. UNIT I CMOS TECHNOLOGY 12 An overview of Silicon semiconductor technology, Basic CMOS technology : nwell, P well, Twin tub and SOI Process. Interconnects, circuit elements: Resistors, capacitors, Electrically alterable ROMs, bipolar transistors, Latch up and prevention. Layout design rules, physical design: basic concepts, CAD tool sets, physical design of logic gates: Inverter, NAND, NOR, Design Hierarchies. UNIT II MOS TRANSISTOR THEORY 12 NMOS, PMOS Enhancement transistor, Threshold voltage, Body effect, MOS DC equations, channel length modulation, Mobility variation, MOS models, small signal AC characteristics, complementary CMOS inverter DC characteristics, Noise Margin, Rise time, fall time, power dissipation, transmission gate, tristate inverter. UNIT III SPECIFICATION USING VERILOG HDL 12 Basic Concepts: VLSI Design flow, identifiers, gate primitives, value set, ports, gate delays, structural gate level and switch level modeling, Design hierarchies, Behavioral and RTL modeling: Operators, timing controls, Procedural assignments conditional statements, Data flow modeling and RTL. Structural gate level description of decoder, equality detector, comparator, priority encoder, D-latch, D-ff, half adder, Full adder, Ripple Carry adder. UNIT IV CMOS CHIP DESIGN 12 Logic design with CMOS: MOSFETS as switches, Basic logic gates in CMOS, Complex logic gates, Transmission gates: Muxes and latches, CMOS chip design options: Full custom ASICs, Std. Cell based ASICs, Gate Array based ASICs Channelled, Channelless and structured GA. UNIT VDESIGN OF COMBINATIONAL ELEMENTS AND REGULAR ARRAY LOGIC 9 Programmable logic structures; 22V10, Programming of PALs, Programmable Interconnect, Reprogrammable GA: Xilinx programmable GA, ASIC design flow. TOTAL :60 TEXT BOOKS Weste & Eshraghian: Principles of CMOS VLSI design (2/e) Addison Wesley, 1993 for UNIT I through UNIT IV. Samir Palnitkar; Verilog HDL - Guide to Digital design and synthesis, III edition, Pearson Education, 2003 for UNIT V REFERENCES M.J.S.Smith : Application Specific integrated circuits, Pearson Education, 1997. Wayne Wolf, Modern VLSI Design, Pearson Education 2003. Bob Zeidmin ; Introduction to verilog, Prentice Hall, 1999 J . Bhaskar : Verilog HDL Primer, BSP, 2002. E. Fabricious , Introduction to VLSI design, McGraw-Hill 1990. C. Roth, Digital Systems Design Using VHDL, Thomson Learning, 2000. XEC 703 OPTICAL COMMUNICATION 3 0 0 3 Aim To introduce the various optical fiber modes, configurations and various signal degradation factors associated with optical fiber. To study about various optical sources and optical detectors and their use in the optical communication system. Finally to discuss about digital transmission and its associated parameters on system performance. Objectives To learn the basic elements of optical fiber transmission link, fiber modes configurations and structures. To understand the different kind of losses, signal distortion in optical wave guides and other signal degradation factors. Design optimization of SM fibers, RI profile and cut-off wave length. To learn the various optical source materials, LED structures, quantum efficiency, Laser diodes and different fiber amplifiers. To learn the fiber optical receivers such as PIN APD diodes, noise performance in photo detector, receiver operation and configuration. To learn fiber slicing and connectors, noise effects on system performance, operational principles WDM and solutions. UNIT I INTRODUCTION TO OPTICAL FIBERS 9 Evolution of fiber optic system- Element of an Optical Fiber Transmission link- Ray Optics-Optical Fiber Modes and Configurations –Mode theory of Circular Wave guides- Overview of Modes-Key Modal concepts- Linearly Polarized Modes –Single Mode Fibers-Graded Index fiber structure. UNIT II SIGNAL DEGRADATION OPTICAL FIBERS 9 Attenuation – Absorption losses, Scattering losses, Bending Losses, Core and Cladding losses, Signal Distortion in Optical Wave guides-Information Capacity determination –Group Delay-Material Dispersion, Wave guide Dispersion, Signal distortion in SM fibers-Polarization Mode dispersion, Intermodal dispersion, Pulse Broadening in GI fibers-Mode Coupling –Design Optimization of SM fibers-RI profile and cut-off wavelength. UNIT III FIBER OPTICAL SOURCES AND COUPLING 9 Direct and indirect Band gap materials-LED structures –Light source materials –Quantum efficiency and LED power, Modulation of a LED, lasers Diodes-Modes and Threshold condition –Rate equations –External Quantum efficiency –Resonant frequencies –Laser Diodes, Temperature effects, Introduction to Quantum laser, Fiber amplifiers- Power Launching and coupling, Lencing schemes, Fibre –to- Fibre joints, Fibre splicing. UNIT IV FIBER OPTICAL RECEIVERS 9 PIN and APD diodes –Photo detector noise, SNR, Detector Response time, Avalanche Multiplication Noise –Comparison of Photo detectors –Fundamental Receiver Operation – preamplifiers, Error Sources –Receiver Configuration –Probability of Error – Quantum Limit. UNIT V DIGITAL TRANSMISSION SYSTEM 9 Point-to-Point links System considerations –Link Power budget –Rise - time budget –Noise Effects on System Performance-Operational Principles of WDM, Solitons-Erbium-doped Amplifiers. Basic on concepts of SONET/SDH Network. . TOTAL : 45 TEXT BOOK Gerd Keiser, “Optical Fiber Communication” McGraw –Hill International, Singapore, 3rd ed., 2000 REFERENCES J.Senior, “Optical Communication, Principles and Practice”, Prentice Hall of India, 1994. J.Gower, “Optical Communication System”, Prentice Hall of India, 2001. XEC 704 MICROWAVE ENGINEERING 3 0 0 3 Aim To enable the student to become familiar with active & passive microwave devices & components used in Microwave communication systems. Objectives To study passive microwave components and their S- Parameters. To study Microwave semiconductor devices & applications. To study Microwave sources and amplifiers. UNIT I 9 Microwave Frequencies, Microwave Devices, Microwave Systems, Microwave Units of Measure, Microwave Hybrid Circuits, Waveguide Tees, Magic Tees (Hybrid Trees), Hybrid Rings (Rat-Race Circuits), Waveguide Corners, Bends and Twists, Directional Couplers, Two-Hole Directional Couplers, Z & ABCD Parameters- Introduction to S parameters, S Matrix of a Directional Coupler, Hybrid Couplers, Circulators and Isolators, Microwave Circulators, Microwave Isolators. UNIT II 9 Transit time limitations in transistors, Microwave bipolar transistors, power frequency limitations microwave field effect transistors, HEMT, Gunn effect – RWH theory, high – field domain and modes of operation microwave amplification – Avalance transit time devices – IMPATT and TRAPATT diodes and comparison parametric amplifiers. UNIT III TRANSFERRED ELECTRON DEVICES (TEDs) and AVALANCHE TRANSIT-TIME DEVICES 9 Introduction, Gunn-Effect Diodes – GaAs Diode, Background, Gunn Effect, Ridely-Watkins-Hilsun (RWH) Theory, Differential Negative Resistance, Two-Valley Model Theory, High-Field Domain, Modes of Operation, LSA Diodes, InP Diodes, CdTe Diodes, Microwave Generation and Amplification, Microwave Generation, Microwave Amplification, AVALANCHE TRANSIT-TIME DEVICES, Introduction, Read Diode, Physical Description, Avalanche Multiplication, Carrier Current Io(t) and External Current Ie(t), Output Power and Quality Factor, IMPATT Diodes, Physical Structures, Negative Resistance, Power Output and Efficiency, TRAPATT Diodes, Physical Structures, Principles of Operation, Power Output and Efficiency, BARITT Diodes, Physical Description, Principles of Operation, Microwave Performance, Parametric Devices, Physical Structures, Nonlinear Reactance and Manley – Rowe Power Relations, Parametric Amplifiers, Applications. UNIT III MICROWAVE LINEAR-BEAM TUBES (O TYPE) and MICROWAVE CROSSED-FIELD TUBES (M TYPE) 9 Klystrons, Reentrant Cavities, Velocity-Modulation Process, Bunching Process, Output Power and Beam Loading, State of the Art, Multicavity Klystron Amplifiers, Beam-Current Density, Output Current Output Power of Two-Cavity Klystron, Output Power of Four-Cavity Klystron, Reflex Klystrons, Velocity Modulation, Power Output and Efficiency, Electronic Admittance, Helix Traveling-Wave Tubes (TWTs), Slow-Wave structures, Amplification Process, Convection Current, Axial Electric Field, Wave Modes, Gain Consideration, MICROWAVE CROSSED-FIELD TUBES , Magnetron Oscillators, Cylindrical Magnetron, Coaxial Magnetron, Tunable Magnetron, Ricke diagram. UNIT IV STRIP LINES and MONOLITHIC MICROWAVE INTEGRATED CIRCUITS 9 Introduction, Microstrip Lines, Characteristic Impedance of Microstrip Lines, Losses in Microstrip Lines, Quality Factor Q of Microstrip Lines, Parallel Strip Lines, Distributed Lines, Characteristic Impedance, Attenuation Losses, Coplanar Strip Lines, Shielded Strip Lines, References, Problems, MONOLITHIC MICROWAVE INTEGRATED CIRCUITS, Introduction, Materials, Substrate Materials, Conductor Materials, Dielectric Materials, Resistive Materials, Monolithic Microwave Integrated-Circuit Growth, MMIC Fabrication Techniques, Fabrication Example. UNIT V MICROWAVE MEASUREMENTS: 9 Slotted line VSWR measurement, VSWR through return loss measurements, power measurement, impedance measurement insertion loss and attenuation measurements- measurement of scattering parameters – Measurement of 1 dB, dielectric constant measurement of a solid using waveguide TOTAL : 45 TEXT BOOKS Samuel Y.LIAO : Microwave Devices and Circuits – Prentice Hall of India – 3rd Edition (2003) Annapurna Das and Sisir K.Das: Microwave Engineering – Tata McGraw-Hill (2000) (UNIT V) References R.E. Collin : Foundations for Microwave Engg. – IEEE Press Second Edition (2002) David M.POZAR : Microwave Engg. – John Wiley & Sons – 2nd Edition (2003) P.A.RIZZI – Microwave Engg. (Passive ckts) – PH1 XEC 707 VLSI LABORATORY 0 0 3 2 Study of Simulation using tools Study of Front end flow. Study of Back end flow(multiplexer,encoder,memories,multiplier,pipelined multiplier) Study of development tool for FPGAs for schematic entry and verilog Design of traffic light controller using verilog and above tools Design and simulation of pipelined serial and parallel adder to add/ subract 8 number of size, 12 bits each in 2's complement Design and simulation of back annotated verilog files for multiplying two signed, 8 bit numbers in 2's complement. Design must be pipelined and completely RTL compliant Study of FPGA board (HTTP://www.xess.com) and testing on board LEDs and switches using verilog codes Testing the traffic controller design developed using Verilog on the FPGA board Design a Realtime Clock (2 digits, 7 segments LED displays each for HRS., MTS, and SECS.) and demonstrate its working on the FPGA board. An expansion card is required for the displays. XEC 708 MICROWAVE LAB&OPTICAL LAB 0 0 3 2 Experiments pertaining to Fiber optics, Optical Communication and Fiber optic sensors: Numerical aperture determination for fibers and Attenuation Measurement in Fibers. Mode Characteristics of Fibres – SM Fibres. Coupling Fibers to Semi-Conductor Sources – Connectors & Splices. Fiber optic communication links. LED & Photo Diode Characteristics. Microwave experiments VSWR Measurements – Determination of terminated impedance Determination of guide wavelength, frequency measurement. Radiation Pattern of Horns, Paraboloids. Microwave Power Measurement. Characteristics of Gunn diode Oscillator. Mode characteristics of Reflex Klystron oscillator. XEC 801 SOCIAL ENGINEERING Electives E51 ADVANCED MICROPROCESSORS 3 0 0 3 AIM To learn the architecture and programming of advanced Intel family microprocessors and microcontrollers. OBJECTIVES To introduce the concepts in internal programming model of Intel family of microprocessors. To introduce the programming techniques using MASM, DOS and BIOS function calls. To introduce the basic architecture of Pentium family of processors. To introduce the architecture programming and interfacing of 16 bit microcontrollers. To introduce the concepts and architecture of RISC processor and ARM. UNIT I ADVANCED MICROPROCESSOR ARCHITECTURE 9 Internal Microprocessor Architecture-Real mode memory addressing – Protected Mode Memory addressing –Memory paging - Data addressing modes – Program memory addressing modes – Stack memory addressing modes – Data movement instructions – Program control instructions- Arithmetic and Logic Instructions. UNIT II MODULAR PROGRAMMING AND ITS CONCEPTS 9 Modular programming –Using keyboard and Video display –Data Conversions- Disk files- Interrupt hooks- using assembly languages with C/ C++ UNIT III PENTIUM PROCESSORS 9 Introduction to Pentium Microprocessor – Special Pentium registers- Pentium memory management – New Pentium Instructions –Pentium Processor –Special Pentium pro features – Pentium 4 processor UNIT-IV 16-BIT MICRO CONTROLLER 9 8096/8097 Architecture-CPU registers –RALU-Internal Program and Data memory Timers-High speed Input and Output –Serial Interface-I/O ports –Interrupts –A/D converter-Watch dog timer –Power down feature –Instruction set- External memory Interfacing –External I/O interfacing. UNIT V RISC PROCESSORS AND ARM 9 The RISC revolution – Characteristics of RISC Architecture – The Berkeley RISC – Register Windows – Windows and parameter passing – Window overflow – RISC architecture and pipelining – Pipeline bubbles – Accessing external memory in RISC systems – Reducing the branch penalties – Branch prediction – The ARM processors – ARM registers – ARM instructions – The ARM built-in shift mechanism – ARM branch instructions – sequence control – Data movement and memory reference instructions. TOTAL : 45 TEXT BOOK Barry B.Brey, The Intel Microprocessors 8086/8088, 80, 86, 80286, 80386 80486, Pentium, Pentium Pro Processor, Pentium II, Pentium III, Pentium 4, Architecture, Programming and interfacing, Prentice Hall of India Private Limited, New Delhi, 2003. (UNIT I, II and III) John Peatman, Design with Microcontroller McGraw Hill Publishing Co Ltd, New Delhi. (UNIT IV) Alan Clements, “The principles of computer Hardware”, Oxford University Press, 3rd Edition, 2003. (UNIT V) REFERENCES Rajkamal, The concepts and feature of micro controllers 68HC11, 8051 and 8096; S Chand Publishers, New Delhi. E52 MEDICAL ELECTRONICS 3 0 0 3 AIM To make students to understand the applications of electronics in diagnostic and therapeutic area. OBJECTIVE To study the methods of recording various biopotentials To study how to measure biochemical and various physiological information To understand the working of units which will help to restore normal functioning To understand the use of radiation for diagnostic and therapy To understand the need and technique of electrical safety in Hospitals UNIT I ELECTRO-PHYSIOLOGY AND BIO-POTENTIAL RECORDING 9 The origin of Bio-potentials; biopotential electrodes, biological amplifiers, ECG, EEG, EMG, PCG, EOG, lead systems and recording methods, typical waveforms and signal characteristics. UNIT II BIO-CHEMICAL AND NON ELECTRICAL PARAMETER MEASUREMENT 9 PH, PO2, PCO2, PHCO3, Electrophoresis, colorimeter, photometer, Auto analyzer, Blood flow meter, cardiac output, respiratory measurement, Blood pressure, temperature, pulse, Blood cell counters. UNIT III ASSIST DEVICES AND BIO-TELEMETRY 9 Cardiac pacemakers, DC Defibrillator, Telemetry principles, frequency selection, Bio-telemetry, radio-pill and tele-stimulation. UNIT IV RADIOLOGICAL EQUIPMENTS 9 Ionosing radiation, Diagnostic x-ray equipments, use of Radio Isotope in diagnosis, Radiation Therapy. UNIT V RECENT TRENDS IN MEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION 9 Thermograph, endoscopy unit, Laser in medicine, Diathermy units, Electrical safety in medical equipment. TOTAL : 45 TEXTBOOKS Leislie Cromwell, “Biomedical instrumentation and measurement”, Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi, 2002. REFERENCES Khandpur, R.S., “Handbook of Biomedical Instrumentation”, TATA McGraw-Hill, New Delhi, 1997. Joseph J.Carr and John M.Brown, “Introduction to Biomedical equipment Technology”, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1997. E53 OPERATING SYSTEMS 3 0 0 3 AIM To have a through knowledge of the scheduling, memory management, I/O and File System in a Operating system. To have an introduction to distributed operating system. OBJECTIVES To have an overview of components of an operating systems To have a thorough knowledge of Process management, Storage management, I/O and File Management. To have an understanding of a distributed operating systems. UNIT I OPERATING SYSTEMS – AN OVERVIEW 8 Introduction to OS - Mainframe systems – Desktop Systems – Multiprocessor Systems – Distributed Systems – Clustered Systems – Real Time Systems – Handheld Systems. Computer-System Operation – I/O Structure – Storage Structure – Storage Hierarchy – Hardware Protection – Network Structure. System Components – Operating-System Services – System Calls – System Programs – System Structure – Virtual Machines – System Design and Implementation – System Generation. UNIT II PROCESS MANAGEMENT 10 Process Concept – Process Scheduling – Operations on Processes – Cooperating Process – Interprocess Communication – Communication in client-server systems. Threads – Overview – Multithreading models – Threading issues- CPU Scheduling – Basic Concepts – Scheduling Criteria – Scheduling Algorithms – Multiple-Processor Scheduling – Real Time Scheduling – Process Scheduling Models. The Critical-Section Problem – Synchronization Hardware – Semaphores – Classic problems of Synchronization – Critical regions – Monitors – Atomic transactions. System Model – Deadlock Characterization – Methods for handling Deadlocks -Deadlock Prevention – Deadlock avoidance – Deadlock detection – Recovery from Deadlock. UNIT III STORAGE MANAGEMENT 10 Storage Management – Background – Swapping – Contiguous Memory allocation – Paging – Segmentation – Segmentation with Paging. Virtual Memory – Background – Demand Paging – Process creation – Page Replacement – Allocation of frames – Thrashing. File System Implementation – File Concept – Access Methods – Directory Structure – File – System Mounting – File Sharing – Production. File System Structure – File System Implementation – Directory Implementation – Allocation Methods – Free-space Management – Efficiency and Performance – Recovery. UNIT IV I/O SYSTEMS 8 I/O Hardware – Application I/O Interface – Kernel I/O Subsystem – Transforming I/O to Hardware Operations – Streams – Performance. Disk Structure – Disk Scheduling – Disk Management – Swap-Space Management – RAID Structure – Disk Attachment – Stable – Storage Implementation – Tertiary Storage Structure. UNIT V DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS 9 Background – Topology – Network Types – Communication – Communication Protocols – Robustness – Design Issues. Naming and Transparency – Remote File Access – Stateful Versus Stateless Service – File Replication. Event Ordering – Mutual Exclusion – Atomicity – Concurrency Control – Deadlock Handling – Election Algorithms – Reaching Agreement. TOTAL : 45 TEXT BOOK 1. Abraham Silberschatz, Peter Baer Galvin and Greg Gagne, “Operating System Concepts, Windows XP Update”, Sixth Edition, John Wiley & Sons (ASIA) Pvt. LTD, 2003 REFERENCES Harvey M. Deitel, Operating Systems, Second Edition, Pearson Education Pvt. Ltd, 2002 Andrew S. Tanenbaum, Modern Operating Systems, Prentice Hall of India Pvt. LTD, 2003 William Stallings, Operating System Prentice Hall of India, 4th Edition, 2003 E55 SOLID STATE ELECTRONIC DEVICES 3 0 0 3 AIM To have fundamental knowledge about structure of devices, VI characteristics of devices like PN Junction diode, Zener diode, MOSFET, BJT and Opto electronic. OBJECTIVES: To learn crystal structures of elements used for fabrication of semiconductor devices. To study energy band structure of semiconductor devices. To understand fermi levels, movement of charge carriers, Diffusion current and Drift current. To study behavior of semiconductor junction under different biasing conditions. Fabrication of different semiconductor devices, Varactor diode, Zener diode, Schottky diode, BJT, MOSFET, etc. To study the VI Characteristics of devices and their limitations in factors like current, power frequency. To learn photoelectric effect and fabrication of opto electronic devices. UNIT I CRYSTAL PROPERTIES AND GROWTH OF SEMICONDUCTORS 9 Semiconductor materials- Periodic Structures- Crystal Lattices- Cubic lattices –Planes and Directions-The Diamond lattice- Bulk Crystal Growth-Starting Materials-Growth of Single Crystal lngots-Wafers-Doping- Epitaxial Growth –Lattice Matching in Epitaxial Growth –Vapor –Phase Epitaxy-Atoms and Electrons-Introduction to Physical Models-Experimental Observations-The Photoelectric Effect-Atomic spectra-The Bohr model- Quantum Mechanics –Probability and the Uncertainty Principle-The Schrodinger Wave Equation –Potential Well Equation –Potential well Problem-Tunneling. UNIT II ENERGY BANDS AND CHARGE CARRIERS IN SEMICONDUCTORS 9 Bonding Forces and Energy bands in Solids-Bonding Forces in Solids-Energy Bands-Metals, Semiconductors, and Insulators – Direct and Indirect Semiconductors –Variation of Energy Bands with Alloy Composition-Charge Carriers in Semiconductors-Electrons and Holes-Effective Mass-Intrinsic Material-Extrinsic Material – Electrons and Holes in Quantum Wells-Carrier Concentrations-The Fermi Level-Electron and Hole Concentrations at Equilibrium-Temperature Dependence of Carrier Concentrations-Compensation and Space Charge Neutrality-Drift of Carrier in Electric and Magnetic Fields conductivity and Mobility-Drift and Resistance –Effects of Temperature and Doping on Mobility-High –Field effects-The Hall Effect -invariance of the Fermi level at equilibrium -Excess Carrier in Semiconductors-Optical Absorption- Luminescence-Photoluminescence-Electro luminescence-Carrier Lifetime and Photoconductivity –Direct Recombination of Electrons and Holes – Indirect Recombination ; Trapping –Steady State Carrier Generation ; Quasi-Fermi Levels-Photoconductive Devices-Diffusion of Carriers-Diffusion of Processes-Diffusion and Drift of Carrier; Built-in Fields-Diffusion and Recombination; The Continuity Equation –Steady state Carrier Injection; Diffusion Length-The Haynes- Shockley Experiment –Gradients in the Quasi-Fermi levels. UNIT III JUNCTIONS 9 Fabrication of P-N Junctions-Thermal Oxidation-Diffusion –Rapid Thermal Processing-Ion Implantation-Chemical Vapor Deposition Photolithography-Etching –Metallization-Equilibrium Conditions-The Contact Potential-Equilibrium Fermi Levels –Space Charge at a Junction-Forward –and Reverse –Biased Junctions; -Steady state conditions-Qualitative Description Of current flow at a junction-Carrier Injection-Reverse Bias-Reverse –Bias Breakdown-Zener Breakdown –Avalanche Breakdown-Rectifiers-The Breakdown Diode-Transient and AC Conditions –Time variation of stored charge-Reverse Recovery Transient –Switching Diodes –Capacitance of P-N Junctions-The Varactor Diode-Deviations from the Simple Theory-Effects of contact Potential on carrier injection-Recombination and Generation in the Transition Region-Ohmic Losses –Graded Junctions-Metal –Semiconductor Junctions-Schottky Barriers-Rectifying contacts-Ohmic Contacts-Typical Schottky Barriers-Hetrojunctions UNIT IV THE METAL –SEMICONDUCTOR-FET 9 The GaAS MESFET-The High Electron Mobility Transistor –Short channel Effects-The Metal Insulator Semiconductor FET-Basic Operation and Fabrication –THE ideal MOS Capacitor-Effects of Real Surfaces-Threshold Voltage –MOS capacitance Measurements- current –Voltage Characteristics of MOS Gate Oxides -The MOS Field –Effect Transistor –Output characteristics-Transfer characteristics- Mobility Models-Short channel MOSFET I-V characteristics –Control of Threshold Voltage –Substrate Bias Effects-Sub threshold characteristics –Equivalent Circuit for the MOSFET-MOSFET Scaling and Hot Electron Effects-Drain –Induced Barrier Lowering –short channel and Narrow Width Effect-Gate –Induced Drain Leakage-BJT Fabrication –Minority carrier distribution and Terminal currents-Solution of the Diffusion Equation in the Base Region-Evaluation of the Terminal currents –Current Transfer Ratio-Generalized Biasing –The coupled –Diode Model-Charge control analysis-Switching –cut off –saturation-The switching cycle-Specifications for switching Transistors-other Important Effects-Drift in the base Narrowing –Avalanche Breakdown –Injection level; Thermal Effects-Base Resistance and Emitter Crowding – Gummel –Poon Model-Kirk Effect-Frequency Limitations of Transistors-Capacitance and Charging Times-Transit Time Effects-Webster Effect-High –Frequency Transistors - Heterojunction Bipolar Transistors. UNIT V OPTOELCTRONIC DEVICES 9 Photodiodes-Current and Voltage in illuminated Junction-Solar Cells-Photo detectors-Noise and Bandwidth of Photo detectors-Light-Emitting Diodes-Light Emitting Materials-Fiber Optic Communications Multilayer Heterojunctions for LEDs- Lasers-Semiconductor lasers-Population Inversion at a Junction Emission Spectra for p-n junction-The Basic Semiconductor lasers-Materials for Semiconductor lasers-Integrated Circuits –Background –Advantages of Integration –Types of Integrated circuits-Monolithic and Hybrid Circuits-Evolution of Integrated Circuits-Monolithic Device Elements CMOS Process Integration –Silicon –on – Insulator (SOI)-Integration of other Circuit Elements –Charge Transfer Devices –Dynamic Effects in MOS capacitors –The basic CCD-Improvements on the Basic Structure –Applications of CCDs-Ultra Large –Scale Integration (ULSI) –Logic devices –Semiconductor Memories-Testing, bonding , and Packaging-Testing –Wire Bonding –Flip-flop Techniques-Packaging TOTAL : 45 TEXT BOOK Ben.G.Streetman & Sanjan Banerjee Solid State Electronic Devices (5th Edition) PHI Private Ltd, 2003 REFERENCES Yannis Tsividis: Operation & Mode line of The MOS Transistor (2nd Edition) Oxford University Press, 1999 2. Nandita Das Gupta &Aamitava Das Gupta- Semiconductor Devices Modeling a Technology, PHI, 2004. E55 SPEECH PROCESSING 3 0 0 100 AIM To introduce the characteristics of Speech signals and the related time and frequency domain methods for speech analysis and speech compression OBJECTIVE To introduce the models for speech production To develop time and frequency domain techniques for estimating speech parameters To introduce a predictive technique for speech compression To understand speech recognition, synthesis and speaker identification. UNIT I NATURE OF SPEECH SIGNAL 9 Speech production mechanism, Classification of speech, sounds, nature of speech signal, models of speech production. Speech signal processing: purpose of speech processing, digital models for speech signal, Digital processing of speech signals, Significance, short time analysis. UNIT II TIME DOMAIN METHODS FOR SPEECH PROCESSING 9 Time domain parameters of speech, methods for extracting the parameters, Zero crossings, Auto correlation function, pitch estimation. UNIT III FREQUENCY DOMAIN METHODS FOR SPEECH PROCESSING 9 Short time Fourier analysis, filter bank analysis, spectrographic analysis, Format extraction, pitch extraction, Analysis - synthesis systems. UNIT IV LINEAR PREDICTIVE CODING OF SPEECH 9 Formulation of linear prediction problem in time domain, solution of normal equations, Interpretation of linear prediction in auto correlation and spectral domains. UNIT V HOMOMORPHIC SPEECH ANALYSIS 9 Central analysis of speech, format and pitch estimation, Applications of speech processing - Speech recognition, Speech synthesis and speaker verification. TOTAL : 45 TEXTBOOK L.R. Rabiner and R.E Schafer : Digital processing of speech signals, Prentice Hall, 1978. REFERENCES J.L Flanagan : Speech Analysis Synthesis and Perception - 2nd Edition - Sprenger Vertag, 1972. I.H.Witten :Principles of Computer Speech , Academic press, 1983. E56 OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING 3 0 0 3 AIM To present the concept of object oriented programming and discuss the important elements of C++ and Java. OBJECTIVES Since C++ and Java play a predominant role in software development it is felt that the following objectives can be achieved after studying this subject. Understand the concepts of Object oriented Programming. Write simple applications using C++ and Java. Compare and contrast features of C++ and Java. UNIT I 9 Why Object-Oriented Programming in C++?- Native Types and Statements -Functions and Pointers-Implementing ADTs in the Base Language- UNIT II 9 Data Hiding and Member Functions- Object Creation and Destruction-AdHoc Polymorphism-Visitation: Iterators and Containers. UNIT III 9 Templates, Generic Programming, and STL-Inheritance-Exceptions-OOP Using C++ UNIT IV 9 An overview of Java, data types, variables and arrays, operators, control statements, classes, objects, methods – Inheritance UNIT V 9 Packages and Interfaces, Exception handling, Multithreaded programming, Strings, Input/Output TOTAL : 45 TEXTBOOK Ira Pohl, “Object-Oriented Programming Using C++”, Pearson Education Asia, 2003. Herbert Schildt, "The Java 2: Complete Reference", Fourth edition, TMH, 2002 (Chapters 1-11,13,17) REFERENCES Bjarne Stroustrup, “The C++ Programming Language”, Pearson Education, 2004. Stanley B. Lippman and Josee Lajoie , “C++ Primer”, Pearson Education, 2003. K.R.Venugopal, Rajkumar Buyya, T.Ravishankar, "Mastering C++", TMH, 2003. 4. H.M.Deitel, P.J.Deitel, "Java : how to program", Fifth edition, Prentice Hall of India private limited, 2003. E57 COMPUTER HARDWARE AND INTERFACING 3 0 0 3 AIM To enable the student to get a detailed knowledge of all the hardware components that make up a computer and to understand the different interfaces required for connecting these hardware devices. OBJECTIVES To introduce issues related to CPU and memory. To understand the components on the motherboard To understand different storage media To introduce the features of different I/O peripheral devices and their interfaces. UNIT I CPU AND MEMORY 9 CPU essentials – processor modes – modern CPU concepts – Architectural performance features – the Intel’s CPU – CPU over clocking – over clocking requirements – over clocking the system – over clocking the Intel processors – Essential memory concepts – memory organizations – memory packages – modules – logical memory organizations – memory considerations – memory types – memory techniques – selecting and installing memory. UNIT II MOTHERBOARDS 9 Active motherboards – sockets and slots – Intel D850GB – Pentium4 mother board – expansion slots – form factor – upgrading a mother board – chipsets – north bridge – south bridge – CMOS – CMOS optimization tactics – configuring the standard CMOS setup – motherboard BIOS – POST – BIOS features – BIOS and Boot sequences – BIOS shortcomings and compatibility issues – power supplies and power management – concepts of switching regulation – potential power problems – power management. UNIT III STORAGE DEVICES 9 The floppy drive – magnetic storage – magnetic recording principles – data and disk organization – floppy drive – hard drive – data organization and hard drive – sector layout – IDE drive standard and features – Hard drive electronics – CD-ROM drive – construction – CDROM electronics – DVD-ROM – DVD media – DVD drive and decoder. UNIT IV I/O PERIPHERALS 9 Parallel port – signals and timing diagram – IEEE1284 modes – asynchronous communication - serial port signals – video adapters – graphic accelerators – 3D graphics accelerator issues – DirectX – mice – modems – keyboards – sound boards – audio bench marks. UNIT V BUS ARCHITECTURE 9 Buses – Industry standard architecture (ISA), peripheral component Interconnect (PCI) – Accelerated Graphics port (AGP) – plug-and-play devices – SCSI concepts – USB architecture. TOTAL : 45 TEXT BOOK Stephen J.Bigelow, “Trouble Shooting, maintaining and Repairing PCs”, Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi, 2001. REFERENCES Craig Zacker & John Rourke, “The complete reference:PC hardware”, Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi, 2001. Mike Meyers, “Introduction to PC Hardware and Trouble shooting”, Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi, 2003. B.Govindarajulu, “IBM PC and Clones hardware trouble shooting and maintenance”, Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi, 2002. E58 INTERNET AND JAVA 3 0 0 3 AIM To learn the basics of Internetworking, Routing, World Wide Web, Java Programming with simple case studies. OBJECTIVES To learn Internetworking with TCP/IP. To learn routing for high speed multimedia traffic To learn the fundamentals in WWW, HTML and XML. To learn Java for Networking application To understand the basic concepts in E-com, Network operating system and Web design. UNIT I INTERNETWORKING WITH TCP / IP: 9 Review of network technologies, Internet addressing, Address resolution protocols (ARP / RARP), Routing IP datagrams, Reliable stream transport service (TCP) TCP / IP over ATM networks, Internet applications - E-mail, Telnet, FTP, NFS, Internet traffic management. UNIT II INTERNET ROUTING: 9 Concepts of graph theory, Routing protocols, Distance vector protocols (RIP), Link state protocol (OSPP), Path vector protocols (BGP and IDRP), Routing for high speed multimedia traffic, Multicasting, Resource reservation (RSVP), IP switching. UNIT III WORLD WIDE WEB: 9 HTTP protocol, Web browsers netscape, Internet explorer, Web site and Web page design, HTML, XML, Dynamic HTML, CGI. UNIT IV JAVA PROGRAMMING: 9 Language features, Classes, Object and methods, Subclassing and dynamic binding, Multithreading, Overview of class library, Object method serialisation, Remote method invocation, Java script. UNIT V MISCELLANEOUS TOPICS: 9 E-Commerce, Network operating systems, Web Design case studies. TOTAL : 45 REFERENCES 1. Dauglas E.Comer, "Internetworking with TCP/IP", Vol. I: 3rd edition, Prentice Hall of India, 1999. 2. Eric Ladd and Jim O'Donnell, "Using HTML 4, XML and Java 1.2", Que Platinum edition, Prentice Hall of India, 1999. 3. William Stallings, "High Speed Networks", Prentice Hall Inc., 1998. E59 MOBILE COMMUNICATIONS 3 0 0 3 AIM To introduce the concepts of wireless / mobile communication using cellular environment. To make the students to know about the various modulation techniques, propagation methods, coding and multi access techniques used in the mobile communication. Various wireless network systems and standards are to be introduced. Objectives It deals with the fundamental cellular radio concepts such as frequency reuse and handoff. This also demonstrates the principle of trunking efficiency and how trunking and interference issues between mobile and base stations combine to affect the overall capacity of cellular systems. It presents different ways to radio propagation models and predict the large – scale effects of radio propagation in many operating environment. This also covers small propagation effects such as fading, time delay spread and Doppler spread and describes how to measures and model the impact that signal bandwidth and motion have on the instantaneous received signal through the multi-path channel. It provides idea about analog and digital modulation techniques used in wireless communication. It also deals with the different types of equalization techniques and diversity concepts. It provides an introduction to speech coding principles which have driven the development of adaptive pulse code modulation and linear predictive coding techniques are presented. This unit also describes the time, frequency code division multiple access techniques as well as more recent multiple access technique such as space division multiple access. It deals with second generation and third generation wireless networks and worldwide wireless standards. UNIT I CELLULAR CONCEPT AND SYSTEM DESIGN FUNDAMENTALS 9 Introduction to wireless communication: Evolution of mobile communications, mobile radio systems- Examples, trends in cellular radio and personal communications. Cellular Concept: Frequency reuse, channel assignment, hand off, Interference and system capacity, tracking and grade of service, Improving Coverage and capacity in Cellular systems. UNIT II Mobile Radio Propagation 9 Free space propagation model, reflection, diffraction, scattering, link budget design, Outdoor Propagation models, Indoor propagation models, Small scale Multipath propagation, Impulse model, Small scale Multipath measurements, parameters of Mobile multipath channels, types of small scale fading, statistical models for multipath fading channels. UNIT III MODULATION TECHNIQUES AND EQUALIZATION 9 Modulation Techniques: Minimum Shift Keying, Gauss ion MSK, M-ary QAM, M-ary FSK, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing, Performance of Digital Modulation in Slow-Flat Fading Channels and Frequency Selective Mobile Channels. Equalization: Survey of Equalization Techniques, Linear Equalization, Non-linear Equalization, Algorithms for Adaptive Equalization. Diversity Techniques, RAKE receiver. UNIT IV CODING AND MULTIPLE ACCESS TECHNIQUES 9 Coding: Vocoders, Linear Predictive Coders, Selection of Speech Coders for Mobile Communication, GSM Codec, RS codes for CDPD. Multiple Access Techniques: FDMA, TDMA, CDMA, SDMA, Capacity of Cellular CDMA and SDMA. UNIT V WIRELESS SYSTEMS AND STANDARDS 9 Second Generation and Third Generation Wireless Networks and Standards, WLL, Blue tooth. AMPS, GSM, IS-95 and DECT TOTAL : 45 TEXT BOOK T.S.Rappaport, “Wireless Communications: Principles and Practice, Second Edition, Pearson Education/ Prentice Hall of India, Third Indian Reprint 2003. REFERENCES 1. R. Blake, “ Wireless Communication Technology”, Thomson Delmar, 2003. W.C.Y.Lee, "Mobile Communications Engineering: Theory and applications, Second Edition, McGraw-Hill International, 1998. Stephen G. Wilson, “ Digital Modulation and Coding”, Pearson Education, 2003. E60 ADVANCED DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING 3 0 0 3 AIM To introduce the student to advanced digital signal processing techniques. OBJECTIVES To study the parametric methods for power spectrum estimation. To study adaptive filtering techniques using LMS algorithm and to study the applications of adaptive filtering. To study multirate signal processing fundamentals. To study the analysis of speech signals. To introduce the student to wavelet transforms. UNIT I PARAMETRIC METHODS FOR POWER SPECTRUM ESTIMATION 9 Relationship between the auto correlation and the model parameters – The Yule – Walker method for the AR Model Parameters – The Burg Method for the AR Model parameters – unconstrained least-squares method for the AR