Chemistry - Acids and Bases: Common bases

Common Bases : Common Bases

Common Bases : Common Bases Sodium hydroxide NaOH lye or caustic soda Potassium hydroxide KOH lye or caustic potash Magnesium hydroxide Mg(OH)2 milk of magnesia Calcium hydroxide Ca(OH) 2 slaked lime Ammonia water NH3 H2O household ammonia Name Formula Common Name . NH4OH NH41+ + OH1- ammonium hydroxide

Relative Strengths of Acids and Bases : Relative Strengths of Acids and Bases perchloric HClO4 hydrogen chloride HCl nitric HNO3 sulfuric H2SO4 hydronium ion H3O+ hydrogen sulfate ion HSO4- phosphoric H3PO4 acetic HC2H3O2 carbonic H2CO3 hydrogen sulfide H2S ammonium ion NH4+ hydrogen carbonate ion HCO3- water H2O ammonia NH3 hydrogen H2 Decreasing Acid Strength perchlorate ion ClO4- chloride ion Cl- nitrate ion NO3- hydrogen sulfate ion HSO4- water H2O sulfate ion SO42- dihydrogen phosphate ion H2PO4- acetate ion C2H3O2- hydrogen carbonate ion HCO3- hydro sulfide ion HS- ammonia NH3 carbonate ion CO32- hydroxide ion OH- amide ion NH2- hydride ion H- Decreasing Base Strength Acid Formula Conjugate base Formula Metcalfe, Williams, Catska, Modern Chemistry 1966, page 229 acid conjugate base + H+