Gr9 CH17 ReVision Sec4 PowerPoint

Slide 1 : Preview Main Idea / Reading Focus Japan’s Warrior Society The Tokugawa Shogunate Medieval Korea Map: Japan and Korea Visual Study Guide / Quick Facts Video: The Impact of the Samurai Tradition on Japan Today Medieval Japan and Korea

Slide 2 : Reading Focus What were the key characteristics of the feudal warrior society in Japan? How did the Tokugawa Shogunate rule Japan, and in what ways did the culture flourish during the period? How did the Choson dynasty shape events in medieval Korea? Main Idea During the medieval period, a feudal warrior society developed in Japan, while Korea’s rulers endured invasion and turned to isolation. Medieval Japan and Korea

Slide 3 : The samurai’s lands were worked by peasants, who gave the samurai money or food for payment each year. By the 1100s, central government losing control of the empire Local clans fighting for power and land, no law and order Bandits roamed countryside, landowners hired armies of samurai, trained professional warriors Japan’s Warrior Society

Slide 4 : Societal Privileges As time passed, samurai rose in status in society, enjoyed many privileges Crowds parted to let them pass when samurai walked down street People dropped eyes out of respect—and fear—because samurai had right to kill anyone who showed disrespect Warrior Role Main role of samurai, that of highly skilled warrior Wore armor, were skilled with many weapons, often fought on horseback Expected to be in fighting form all the time, ready to do battle should need arise

Slide 5 : Code of Ethics Samurai followed strict code of ethics, known as Bushido, “the way of the warrior” Bushido required samurai to be courageous, honorable, obedient, loyal Word samurai means “those who serve;” each had to serve, obey his lord without hesitation, even if samurai, family suffered as result Samurai

Slide 6 : Role of Women Both men, women of samurai families learned to fight Usually only men went to war Female samurai had to follow Bushido Were prepared to die to protect home, family honor Samurai women honored in Japanese society Could inherit property Allowed to participate in business

Slide 7 : For most of the 1100s, Japan had no strong central government. Local nobles, the heads of powerful clans, fought for power. Rise of the Shoguns

Slide 8 : New Threats

Slide 9 : A new shogunate took power but was too weak to gain control of Japan. With the loss of centralized rule, Japan splintered into many competing factions. Rebellion and Order

Slide 10 : Ambitious Men

Slide 11 : Find the Main Idea What features defined Japan’s feudal warrior society? Answer(s): Samurai gave military service in exchange for property or payment; shoguns ruled in the name of the emperor; daimyo were powerful warlords.

Slide 12 : Strong Central Government Tokugawa leyasu established capital at quiet fishing village, Edo, now Tokyo Established strong central government Tokugawa shoguns brought about period of relative unity, peace, stability Prosperity Stability, peace of Tokugawa rule brought prosperity to Japan Agricultural production rose, population and cities grew Economic activity increased New roads linked main cities, castle towns, improving trade Tokugawa Rule Tokugawa shoguns closely controlled daimyo, who still held local level power To keep loyal, shoguns required daimyo to live in Edo periodically, leave families there year-round as “hostages” Forced daimyo to maintain two residences; attempt to preclude from rebelling The Tokugawa Shogunate

Slide 13 : Top of Society Under Tokugawa rule, Japan’s strict feudal system more rigid At top of society, emperor Only a figurehead Ruling Warrior Class Under daimyo, samurai who served them Emperor, shogun, daimyo, samurai made up ruling warrior class Shogun, Daimyo Next was shogun, held real power as military ruler Below shogun, daimyo—owed shogun loyalty Three Lower Classes Below ruling warrior class were three classes Peasants, artisans, merchants Rigid Feudal System

Slide 14 : Rules Members of lower classes could not rise in social status Could not serve in military or government, or hold government positions that might challenge power of warrior class Honor and Some Status In Japan, farming considered honorable trade Peasants enjoyed relatively high status, just below samurai However, peasants paid most of taxes, led hard lives Peasants Peasants made up vast majority—about 80 percent—of Japan’s population Forbidden to do anything but farming Supported selves by growing rice, other crops on daimyo, samurai estates Lower Classes

Slide 15 : Below peasants were artisans Artisans often lived in castle towns; made goods like armor, swords Merchants at bottom of society Not honored because did not produce anything Merchants often grew wealthy Could use wealth to improve social position Artisans and Merchants

Slide 16 : By 1650, Japan had shut its doors to all Europeans except the Dutch. Japan continued this policy for more than 200 years. The prosperity of the Tokugawa Period went hand in hand with Japan’s increasing contact with Europeans. Initially the Japanese welcomed European traders and missionaries and the new ideas, products and technologies that they brought. Relations with the West

Slide 17 : Japan’s growing cities became centers of culture during the feudal period. Feudal Culture

Slide 18 : Summarize What changes did Tokugawa rulers impose on Japanese society? Answer(s): They required daimyos to live in Edo periodically and make expensive processions, some family members were kept hostage in Edo, a strict social structure was maintained, and they isolated Japan from outsiders.

Slide 19 : Medieval Korea In 1392, powerful general, Yi Song-gye gained control of Korea Established Choson kingdom Choson, or Yi, dynasty became one of Korea’s longest ruling dynasties Lasted until 1910 Formed government based on Confucianism

Slide 20 : Japan and China as Foes

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Slide 22 : Analyze How did foreign influences both help and hurt Korea? Answer(s): helped—Korea's government was formed on Confucianism, which was a foreign influence; harmed—Chinese and Japanese invaded Korea

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Slide 26 : VideoThe Impact of the Samurai Tradition on Japan Today Click above to play the video.