Paragraph Writing : Paragraph Writing Saima Afzal
RECOGNIZING PARAGRAPH PATTERNS : RECOGNIZING PARAGRAPH PATTERNS A paragraph is usually about a single topic
A paragraph always has a main/controlling idea.
This main idea is stated in a topic sentence.
Deductive organization : Deductive organization Modern people, in spite of their scientific knowledge, often seem as superstitious as their ancestors. Astrology is a half-billion dollar business. Intelligent people still believe that lines on their palm or the arrangement of tea leaves in a cup predict the future. Airplanes do not have a row of seats numbered 13 and buildings omit a thirteenth floor. Black cats, broken mirrors, and spilled salt create fear and anxiety in many people.
Topic sentence and examples : Topic sentence and examples Modern people, in spite of their scientific knowledge, often seem as superstitious as their ancestors.
Astrology is a half-billion dollar business.
Intelligent people still believe that lines on their palm or the arrangement of tea leaves in a cup predict the future.
Airplanes do not have a row of seats numbered 13 and buildings omit a thirteenth floor.
Black cats
broken mirrors
spilled salt create fear and anxiety in many people.
Why students drop out : Why students drop out Students drop out of college for many reasons. First of all, some students are bored in school. These students may enter college expecting non stop fun or a series of fascinating courses. When they find out that college is often routine, they quickly lose interest. They do not want to take dull required courses or spend their nights studying, and so they drop out. Students also drop out of college because the work is harder than they thought it would be .These students may have made decent grades in high school simply by showing up for class. In college, however they may have to prepare for two hour exams, write fifteen page term papers or make detailed presentations to a class. The hard work comes as a shock and students give up. Perhaps the most common reason students drop out is that they are having personal or emotional problems. Younger students especially, may be attending college at an age when they are also feeling confused, lonely, or depressed. These students may have problems with roommates, family, friends or girlfriends. They become too unhappy to deal with both hard academic work and emotional troubles. For many types of students dropping out seems to be the only solution they can imagine.
Student dropouts : Student dropouts There are three main reasons students drop out of college. Some students, for one thing, are not really sure they want to be in the school and lack the desire to do the work. When exams come up, or when a course requires a difficult project or term paper, these students will not do the required studying or research. Eventually they may drop out because their grades are so poor they are about to flunk out any way. Such students come back to school with a completely different attitude about school. Other students drop out for financial reasons. The pressures of paying the tuition, buying text books and having to support themselves can be overwhelming. These students can often be helped by the school because financial aid is available, and some schools offer work-study programs. Finally, students drop out because they have personal problems. They cannot concentrate on their courses because they are unhappy at home, they are lonely or they are having trouble with boy-friends or girlfriends. Instructors should suggest that these troubled students see counselors or join support group. If instructors would take a more personal interest in their students, more students would make it through troubled times.
Connectives : Connectives Conjunctions connect ideas together to indicate result, contrast or addition.
Conjunctions are useful clues that will help you read more rapidly.
Connectives that signal a result : Connectives that signal a result therefore
thus
hence he was hungry by
He hadn’t eaten consequently noon
breakfast as a consequence
The French I learnt in school is very different from the local vernacular of the village I’m now living in, therefore I had to take more lessons.
Connectives that signal a result : Connectives that signal a result "He made some derogatory comment/remarks about her appearance, as a consequence she avoided him.”
Connectives that signal a contrast : Connectives that signal a contrast even so
all the same
Defeat was obvious nevertheless the players continued
however to try their best to
still win the game
but
Her heart had stopped, but the doctors successfully resuscitated her
Connectives that signal an addition : Connectives that signal an addition and fair
and also fair
The peace treaty was timely and fair too
as well as fair
besides being fair
The peace treaty was timely; moreover, it was fair
furthermore, it was fair.
He was chastened by the defeat and determined to worker harder in future