ADVANCE PRINCIPLES OF MULTIMEDIA LEARNING : ADVANCE PRINCIPLES OF MULTIMEDIA LEARNING EDTECH E-teach Program
Lesson - 2
THE GUIDED DISCOVERY PRINCIPLE : THE GUIDED DISCOVERY PRINCIPLE People learn better when guidance is incorporated into discovery-based multimedia environemnt.
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Slide 4 : Assignment
Assignments are used to help guide the learner in the discovery learning process (planning). Assignments can also be used to put the simulation in a certain state (e.g. set certain initial conditions), in order to point the learner to interesting phenomena.
GDP is best illustrated by simulations
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THE WORKED-OUT EXAMPLES PRINCIPLE : THE WORKED-OUT EXAMPLES PRINCIPLE People learn better when received worked-out examples in initial skill learning.
Consits of: : Consits of: 1. Problem Formulation
2. Solution Steps
3. Final Solution
Slide 10 : Designed to support initial acquisition of cognitive skills.
One advantage of WOE Principle is that it provides the source that is preferred by learners.
This is illustrated by “hypertext principle”
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THE COLLABORATIVE PRINCIPLE : THE COLLABORATIVE PRINCIPLE People can learn better with collaborative online learning activity.
THE SELF-EXPLANATION PRINCIPLE : THE SELF-EXPLANATION PRINCIPLE People learn better when encouraged to generate self-explanation during learning.
Slide 14 : Self-explanation is a potential learning activity that allows students to learn successfully from text materials that are incomplete.
Learning materials often include informational gaps or omissions both in the text messages (Chiu, 1994), as well as in descriptions of the steps involved in worked-out problem examples. (Lewis, 1989)
Cognitive Mechanisms: : Cognitive Mechanisms: Generating inferences to fill in missing information
Integrating information within the study materials
Integrating new information with prior knowledge
Monitoring and repairing faulty knowledge
THE ANIMATION & INTERACTIVITY PRINCIPLE : THE ANIMATION & INTERACTIVITY PRINCIPLE People don’t necessarily learn better from animation than from static diagrams.
THE SITE-MAP PRINCIPLE : THE SITE-MAP PRINCIPLE People learn better in an online environment when the interface includes a map showing where the learner is in the lesson.
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THE PRIOR KNOWLEDGE PRINCIPLE : THE PRIOR KNOWLEDGE PRINCIPLE People learn better thru optimized instructional presenattions at different levels of learner expertise.
Slide 20 : Experienced or High-Knowledge learners are considered learners who have substantial previously acquired knowledge in a specific domain and who are involved in learning relatively new, more advanced information.
Slide 21 : Instructional design principles that enhance multimedia learning for novice may hinder multimedia learning for more expert learners. Design effects ares tronger for low-knowledge learners and for high spatial learners rather than from low spatial learners. The aforementioned strategies are most effective for novices. Well structured multimedia presentations should be created for they are most likely to help.
THE NAVIGATION PRINCIPLE : THE NAVIGATION PRINCIPLE People learn better in environments when appropriate navigation aids are provided.
THE COGNITIVE AGING PRINCIPLE : THE COGNITIVE AGING PRINCIPLE Instrucitonal design principles that effectively expand working memory capacity are especially helpful for older learners.
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