Week Three: Instructional Design – media, theories, strategies and technologies : Week Three: Instructional Design – media, theories, strategies and technologies TECH 3030
Instructional Design and Delivery
Fall 2009
College of Technology,
Bowling Green State University
Cori M. Zuppo, M.A.Ed., SPHR
Overview : Overview General discussion:
Different types of media
Theoretical constructs/models
Strategies
Associated technologies
Touching upon:
Emerging technologies (discussed in depth later) 2 TECH 3030 W3 Fa09 Zuppo
Non-Instructional Interventions : Non-Instructional Interventions Expert Systems
Microsoft “paperclip”
Job Aids
Often paper-based
Static/still images
Performance Support Systems
On demand learning systems
Gery, G. (1991). Electronic performance support systems. Tolland, MA: Gery Performance Press.
Tilaro, A. and Rossett, A. (1993). Creating motivating job aids. Performance & Instruction, October. 3 TECH 3030 W3 Fa09 Zuppo
Instructor-based media : Instructor-based media One-to-one
Small group
Large class 4 TECH 3030 W3 Fa09 Zuppo
Text-based media : Text-based media Manual/workbook
Textbook
Programmed instruction
A.k.a. programmed tutorial
Static or dynamic displays that are prepared in advance of instruction
May use linear and branching sequences
Most effective when leveraging interactive and branching capabilities of computer technology
Leshin, C., Pollock, J., Reigeluth, C. (1992). Instructional design strategies and tactics. New Jersey: Educational Technology Publications. 5 TECH 3030 W3 Fa09 Zuppo
Simple presentation media (multimedia) : Simple presentation media (multimedia) Audio
Overhead
Slides 6 TECH 3030 W3 Fa09 Zuppo
Computer mediated instruction (multimedia) : Computer mediated instruction (multimedia) Computer-based instruction
Instructional program leveraging computer as primary mode of instruction
Computer-based Training (CBT) closely related
Intelligent tutoring systems
Intelligent computer-assisted instruction
Subfield of Artificial Intelligence (AI)
Open-ended environment for problem solving in subjects such as mathematics or programming
Can solve problems as well
Challenge comes in being able to appropriately model an individual student’s understanding
Carliner, S. (1998). An overview of online learning: Glossary. Retrieved October 21, 2002, from http://www.vnulearning.com/wp/glossary.htm
Jonassen, D. (1988). Instructional designs for microcomputer courseware. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers.
Leshin, C., Pollock, J., Reigeluth, C. (1992). Instructional design strategies and tactics. New Jersey: Educational Technology Publications. 7 TECH 3030 W3 Fa09 Zuppo
Simulated Instruction (multimedia) : Simulated Instruction (multimedia) Board games
Electronic simulations*
Manipulatives
Blocks, coins, tools, non-scale models of tools
Models
Physical
Tactile
Puzzles 8 TECH 3030 W3 Fa09 Zuppo
Hyper and/or Exploratory media : Hyper and/or Exploratory media Theoretical constructs/models include:
Authentic activity
Discovery learning
Case-based learning
Cognitive flexibility hypertext
Contextualized learning
Experiential learning
Exploration
Guided learning-by-doing
Individualized instruction
Interactivity
Learner control
Microworlds/simulations
Multimodal
Self-directed learning
Thematic-based learning 9 TECH 3030 W3 Fa09 Zuppo
Hyper and/or Exploratory media (continued) : Hyper and/or Exploratory media (continued) Strategies include:
Articulation or self-reflection
Browsing
Chunking
Determining cause & effect
Feedback
Hypothesis formulation
Focused browsing
Learner-generated searches
Possible benefits/outcomes:
Linking abstract concepts to case examples
Problem-solving
Promote active learning
Provide multiple perspectives
Remediation
Self-paced
Sequencing
Trial and error 10 TECH 3030 W3 Fa09 Zuppo
Hyper and/or Exploratory media (continued) : Hyper and/or Exploratory media (continued) Associated Technologies include:
Animation
Digital audio & video
Direct manipulation interface
Graphics
Hyperlinks/hypertext
Plug-ins
Programs created in authoring systems
Search engines
Self-contained instructional modules 11 TECH 3030 W3 Fa09 Zuppo
Dialogical/Collaborative Media : Dialogical/Collaborative Media Theoretical constructs/models include:
Anthropomorphesis/avatars
Collaborative learning
Computer-mediated communication
Cyberspace cultures
Distributed learning
Strategies include:
Articulation
Brainstorming
Collaborative activities
Dynamic group interaction
Group and peer evaluations
Group self-management
Mentoring
Modeling
Negotiation, consensus building
Reflection
Role-playing
Synthesis 12 TECH 3030 W3 Fa09 Zuppo
Dialogical/Collaborative Media (continued) : Dialogical/Collaborative Media (continued) Associated Technologies – Asynchronous:
Asynchronous learning networks
Bulletin boards/discussion forums
Computer conferencing
CSILE
CSCW
Document sharing
Email
Groupware
listservs 13 TECH 3030 W3 Fa09 Zuppo
Dialogical/Collaborative Media (continued) : Dialogical/Collaborative Media (continued) Associated Technologies – Synchronous:
Groupware
IRC
MEOWs
MOOs
MUDs
MUVEEs
Shared synthetic environments
Videoconferencing
Virtual chat
Virtual communities 14 TECH 3030 W3 Fa09 Zuppo
Integrational media : Integrational media Theoretical constructs/models:
Collaborative
Computer-mediated collaboration
Distributed learning
Embedded authentic activities
Guided learning
Interactivity
Knowledge representation
Learner control
Multimodal
Self-directed learning
Strategies:
Articulation
Brainstorming
Collaborative activities
Group interaction, online testing
Negotiation, consensus building
Reflection
Self and peer assessment
synthesis 15 TECH 3030 W3 Fa09 Zuppo
Integrational media (continued) : Integrational media (continued) Associated technologies:
Web-based authoring tools
Course management systems
Learning management systems 16 TECH 3030 W3 Fa09 Zuppo
Emerging Technologies : Emerging Technologies Assistive Technologies
Learning objects/Shareable courseware
Virtual reality
Data mining
Modeling and visualization tools
Wearable computers
Digital libraries
Peer-to-peer computing
Wireless web 17 TECH 3030 W3 Fa09 Zuppo