PLANTS : PLANTS Classification of plants
Parts of plants
Parts of flowers
Types of plants based on life cycle
Classification of plants : Classification of plants Plants can be mainly classified into three categories herbs,shrubs and trees. Other types of plants are creepers and climbers.
Plants with green and tender stems which are usually short are called herbs.
.eg:ginger,garlic,mustard,pepper
Plants with hard stems are called shrubs.eg:ixora,hibiscus.
Plants which are tall and have hard and thick brown stem are called trees.eg:redwood tree,oak tree.
Plants with weak stems that cannot stand upright and spread on the ground are called creepers.eg:pumpkin,grapes.
Plants that take support on neighbouring structures and climb up are called climbers.
Examples for herbs,shrubs and trees : Examples for herbs,shrubs and trees
Parts of plants : Parts of plants Roots
Roots absorb water and minerals from the soil and anchor the plant firmly in the soil.
Types of roots:The type of roots which grow vertically into the soil and which have many branches are called taproots.eg:roots of sunflower,carrot and radish.
The second type of roots are fibre like which grow at the level of the ground and spread out in the soil.Such type of roots are called fibrous roots.eg:wheat,maize ,paddy.
Stems
The part of the plant above the soil which bears leaves ,flowers and fruits is called the stem.
The stem carries water and minerals from the roots to different parts of the plants.
Leaf
Leaves prepare their food in the presence of sunlight and chlorophyll using water and carbon dioxide from air.This process is called photosynthesis.Oxygen is given out in this process.
Parts of plants : Parts of plants
Parts of a flower : Parts of a flower Sepals: The sepals protect the flower before it
opens
Petals: The petals attract pollinating insects with
their bright colour and attractive scent.
Stamens:The stamens are the male part of the
flower. The plant makes pollen in the
part of the stamen called the anther.
Stigma: The stigma is the top of the female part
of the flower. The pollen from another
flower collects on the stigma’s sticky
surface.
The Ovary: The ovary protects the ovules. Pollen
travels to the ovules and fertilization takes place and the ovules will develop into seeds
Parts of a flower : Parts of a flower
Classification based on lifecycle : Classification based on lifecycle Plants which have a life span of one season are called annual plants.eg:mustard paddy
Plants whose life cycle requires two seasons for complete growth are called biennial plants.eg:carrot,sugarcane.
Plants which have a life span of many years are called pernnial plants.eg.mango,neem