chemistry of carbon allows the formation of varied

1. The chemistry of carbon allows the formation of varied organic molecules which accounts for _____. : 1. The chemistry of carbon allows the formation of varied organic molecules which accounts for _____. A. the sameness of living things B. the diversity of living things C. both A and B ___

Slide2 : 2. Which of the following is considered a macromolecule? A. nucleic acid B. amino acid C. fatty acid D. none of the above ___

Slide3 : 3. Organic molecules are ones that always contain __________. A. carbon and nitrogen B. hydrogen and carbon C. hydrogen and phosphorus D. carbon and potassium ___

Slide4 : 4. Inorganic molecules do not affect living things. True False ___

Slide5 : 5. Which of the following is NOT one of the classes of primary organic molecules? A. carbohydrates B. proteins C. salts D. nucleic acids ___

Slide6 : 6. Molecules that contain only carbon and hydrogen mix easily with water. True False ___

Slide7 : 7. Since carbon has four electrons in its outermost shell it can bind to as many as _____ other atoms. A. two B. four C. six D. eight ___

Slide8 : 8. Functional groups of organic molecules __________. A. determine the polarity of an organic molecule B. have specific chemical characteristics C. can distinguish one type of organic molecule from another D. all of the above ___

Slide9 : 9. The process by which polymers are turned into monomers is called__________. A. condensation synthesis B. ionization C. hydrolysis D. phagocytosis ___

Slide10 : 10. During condensation synthesis, water and a bond are formed. True False ___

Slide11 : 11. Which is the INCORRECT association between monomer and polymer? A. monosaccharide - polysaccharide B. nucleic acid - polypeptide C. nucleotide - nucleic acid D. amino acid - polypeptide ___

Slide12 : 12. During hydrolysis, _____ is used to break a bond. A. starch B. cholesterol C. water D. DNA ___

Slide13 : 13. Carbons only bond with other carbons in a chain-like formation. True False ___

Slide14 : 14. Isomers are molecules that are identical to each other in every way. True False ___

Slide15 : 15. Carbohydrates typically have twice as many hydrogen atoms as they do carbon and oxygen atoms. True False ___

Slide16 : 16. Carbohydrates include all of the following EXCEPT ______. A. ribose B. glucose C. phospholipid D. starch ___

Slide17 : 17. A dissacharide contains two monosaccharides that were hooked together by ______. A. hydrolysis B. condensation ___

Slide18 : 18. Which of the following is an isomer of glucose? A. chitin B. starch C. lactose D. fructose ___

Slide19 : 19. Cellulose is easily digested by humans. True False ___

Slide20 : 20. Dairy products contain the disaccharide _____, which some people are unable to digest. A. cellulose B. lactose C. starch D. glucose ___

Slide21 : 21. Plants store sugars in the form of _____ in their roots. A. starch B. cellulose C. glycogen D. chitin ___

Slide22 : 22. Which of the following functions is performed by carbohydrates? A. energy storage B. identification of cell type C. plant cell wall support D. all of the above ___

Slide23 : 23. Which of the following polysaccharides is found in the exoskeletons of crabs and grasshoppers? A. glucose B. chitin C. glycogen D. maltose ___

Slide24 : 24. Animal cells store extra glucose as _____. A. starch B. chitin C. cellulose D. glycogen ___

Slide25 : 25. Deoxyribose is the sugar found in _____. A. DNA B. RNA ___

Slide26 : 26. Carbohydrates are commonly described as _____. A. oils B. waxes C. sugars D. proteins ___

Slide27 : 27. Which best describes a saturated fat? A. many C=C bonds in its fatty acids B. liquid at room temperature C. animal origin D. all of the above ___

Slide28 : 28. Fats from plants are liquid at room temperature. True False ___

Slide29 : 29. After hydrolysis of a triglyceride, we would have _____. A. many amino acids B. different types of nucleotides C. fatty acids and glycerol D. monosaccharides and disaccharides ___

Slide30 : 30. Diets high in saturated fat have been associated with cardiovascular disease. True False ___

Slide31 : 31. Which of the following is NOT a use/function of lipids? A. speed up chemical reactions B. insulation C. plasma membrane component D. long-term energy storage ___

Slide32 : 32. Lipids are generally _____ due to an absence of polar groups. A. hydrophobic B. hydrophilic C. inert ___

Slide33 : 33. _____ form the waterproof cuticle of plants that decreases water loss. A. oils B. steroids C. waxes D. phospholipids ___

Slide34 : 34. Phospholipids have a hydrophilic head (phosphate group) and hydrophobic tails (fatty acids). True False ___

Slide35 : 35. The plasma membrane is primarily composed of _____. A. phospholipids B. waxes C. fats D. all of the above ___

Slide36 : 36. The Aqua Puffs cereal, in figure 3A, that has no saturated fat and no cholesterol would be a recommended food for someone trying to lower their risk of coronary heart disease. True False ___

Slide37 : 37. Dieticians recommend that the majority of our dietary calories come from ______. A. saturated fats B. proteins C. carbohydrates D. cholesterol ___

Slide38 : 38. Which of the following statements about cholesterol is TRUE? A. It is a steroid. B. It is used to make the sex hormones, estrogen and testosterone. C. It has a backbone of four fused carbon rings. D. all of the above ___

Slide39 : 39. Which of the following can bring about a change in protein shape? A. temperature B. pH C. either A or B ___

Slide40 : 40. The monomers of proteins are _____. A. amino acids B. monosaccharides C. glycerol D. nucleotides ___

Slide41 : 41. Which of the following specific kinds of proteins defends us against infectious agents? A. hormones B. transport proteins C. enzymes D. antibodies ___

Slide42 : 42. Each of the twenty different amino acids has an amino group, a carboxyl group and an R group that distinguishes one amino acid from another. True False ___

Slide43 : 43. The chemical characteristics of the amino acids are determined by their _____. A. amino group B. R group C. carboxyl group ___

Slide44 : 44. When you boil an egg, the white becomes hard because the albumin protein is denatured by the heat. True False ___

Slide45 : 45. The sequence of amino acids in a protein determines its _____. A. primary structure B. secondary structure C. tertiary structure D. quaternary structure ___

Slide46 : 46. All proteins have four levels of structure. True False ___

Slide47 : 47. The bond between two amino acids is ______. A. formed by hydrolysis B. an ionic bond C. nonpolar D. know as a peptide bond ___

Slide48 : 48. The three-dimensional shape of a polypeptide is associated with its _____. A. primary structure B. secondary structure C. tertiary structure D. quaternary structure ___

Slide49 : 49. Once a protein has been denatured it will never regain its normal shape and function. True False ___

Slide50 : 50. Which of the following acts as an intercellular messenger? A. hormone B. antibody C. enzyme ___

Slide51 : 51. DNA is single-stranded, but RNA is double-stranded. True False ___

Slide52 : 52. In DNA, the number of purine bases always equals the number of pyrimidine bases. True False ___

Slide53 : 53. Which of the following is NOT found in a nucleotide? A. a pentose sugar B. phosphate C. peptide bonds D. a nitrogen-containing base ___

Slide54 : 54. Nucleotides joined together by condensation synthesis form _____. A. polypeptides B. nucleic acids C. polysaccharides D. lipids ___

Slide55 : 55. ATP is a high-energy molecule because two of its phosphate bonds are unstable and easily broken. True False ___

Slide56 : 56. The two strands of DNA are held together by _____ between the purine and pyrimidine bases. A. ionic bonds B. hydrogen bonds C. covalent bonds ___

Slide57 : 57. The nucleotide that supplies energy for condensation synthesis is _____. A. adenosine triphosphate B. guanine C. thymine D. cytosine ___

Slide58 : 58. The molecule that stores the information about the order of amino acids in a protein is _____. A. ATP B. RNA C. DNA ___

Slide59 : 59. DNA contains _____ type(s) of nucleotide(s). A. one B. two C. three D. four ___

Slide60 : 60. The thymine nucleotide is always paired with the adenine nucleotide in DNA. True False ___