Slide 1 : April 16, 2009 Presentation
The student will understand and apply the differences between the teacher-centered philosophy of perennialism and the student-centered philosophy of progressivism. Prepared by: Paula Finch
learnwithpaulafern@yahoo.com
Quick Historical View of Education : Quick Historical View of Education Colonial Period of American Education (1600 – 1776) Essentialism
Early National Period of American Education (1776 – 1840) Essentialism
Common School Period of American Education (1840-1880) Essentialism
Progressive Period of American Education (1880 – 1920) Progressivism / Existentialism
Modern Period of American Education (1920 – present)
Progressivism/ Existentialism / Perennialism
Slide 3 : Essentialism - discipline, morals, Christianity, the three R’s, reading, writing and arithmetic.
Progressivism - the whole student, their interests and abilities, activity based.
Existentialism - children are free to work on what they choose.
Perennialism - based on those disciplines, literature, and intellectual accomplishments that have stood the test of time. Teacher-Centered / Subject-Centered - no frills, drills, curriculum centered.
Student-Centered - based on the individual interests, abilities and development of the student.
Slide 4 : Essentialism - discipline, morals, Christianity, the three R’s, reading, writing and arithmetic.
Slide 5 : Progressivism 1901 Francis Parker Progressive School Opens
1909 John Dewey Publishes How We Think
1916 John Dewey publishes Democracy and Education
1919 The Progressive Education Association is founded. John Dewey
Slide 6 : Dewey believed that learning was active and that children came to school to do things; that learning arithmetic would come from learning proportions in cooking or figuring out how long it would take to get from one place to another by mule. History, how people lived; geography, what the climate was like, and how plants and animals grew, were important subjects (UCLS, Chicago, 2009). Francis Parker School – http://www.francisparker.org/index (Parker at a Glance)
The University of Chicago Laboratory Schools -http://www.ucls.uchicago.edu/about/character.shtml
Slide 7 :
Existentialism - children are free to work on what they choose. : Existentialism - children are free to work on what they choose. Maria Montessori 1907 Maria Montessori - Children’s House
Jean-Jacques Rousseau – child-centered followers.
1919 – Rudolph Steiner – 1st. Waldorf School
1921 A.S. Neil creates Summerhill, a self-governed school.
Slide 9 : 1980’s Mortimer Adler
publishes
The Paideia Proposal. Perennialism – Socratic Method, liberal education to facilitate rational thought. Web site
Paideia Proposal
Nurturing of the Whole Child Organized Knowledge – lectures
Intellectual Skills – coaching & supervised practice
Understanding of Ideas and Values- Socratic discussion and questioning.
My K-12 Educational Experience : My K-12 Educational Experience What was your K-12 experience?
Slide 11 : Teacher-Centered / Subject-Centered no frills, drills, curriculum centered
Student-Centered -
based on the individual interests, abilities and development of the student
Slide 12 : My Philosophy of Education: Eclectic? How should we teach?