Research Paper PPT

MLA Style for Documenting Sources : MLA Style for Documenting Sources Mrs. Cruthers

What does MLA stand for? : What does MLA stand for? Modern Language Association Most used style of documenting sources American Psychological Association (APA) is the second most used (usually for sciences and social studies fields) Get the book: MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers 6th Edition by Joseph Gibaldi

Why use MLA : Why use MLA To write research papers So that others who are interested in your topic can follow your steps through utilizing your sources organization

Parenthetical Citations IN the TEXT : Parenthetical Citations IN the TEXT Basics In MLA style, sources are cited in the body of the paper by brief parenthetical notes such as the one in this sentence: During the Viking Age, the town of Hedeby in southern Jutland was one of the primary centers of luxury trade for all of northern Europe (Magnusson 68-69).

(Magnusson 68-69) : (Magnusson 68-69) This parenthetical citation tells the reader that the information about Hedeby came from pages 68-69 in a work by an author with the last name Magnusson. To learn more about this work, the reader can turn to the list of works cited (last page of your research paper) and find the following information: Magnusson, Magnus. Vikings! New York: Dutton, 1980.

Magnusson, Magnus. Vikings! New York: Dutton, 1980. : Magnusson, Magnus. Vikings! New York: Dutton, 1980. This entry (on your works cited page) states that Magnus Magnusson wrote the book title Vikings! It also states that it was published in New York by E.P. Dutton in 1980. The book title here is underlined to represent italics. For our purposes, lets keep with the underlining method instead of italics, unless otherwise advised.

Two or more works by the same author : Two or more works by the same author When you have two sources with the same author, you must let the reader know which work you are referring to. Do this by adding the title of the source along with the authors last name and page number(s). Make sure the order is correct: author’s last name, title, page number(s): Luxury goods came through Hedeby from all directions (Magnusson, Vikings! 69) Use italics for the tile when citing within the text (above example) On your works cited page, you will underline the title instead.

Keeping it brief : Keeping it brief The key to good citation is to keep the source information as brief as possbile. In other words, do not repeat information if you have already stated it in your sentence. For example: In Vikings! Magnusson names some of the luxury goods that “flowed through the town” of Hedeby (69). In the above instance, the student writer already told the reader who wrote the quote and what the name of that source was. Therefore, you need not cite anything other than what was not included: the page number.

When referring to an entire work while stating the source and author. : When referring to an entire work while stating the source and author. Magnusson describes Viking forays into the new world in Viking Expansion Westwards. No parenthetical documentation is needed. Author and title are already present Because the whole book is being cited, not any particular quotes from a specific page, no page numbers are necessary. Try not to overuse this type of source citing.

Using more than one source in a sentence : Using more than one source in a sentence If you use more than one source in a signle parenthetical reference, you may do so by separating the sources with a semicolon. Much is known about the houses of Hedeby (Dirksen 323; Magnusson, Vikings, 69). In other words, if you find that you need to use information from two sources in one sentence (you may not want to break your train of thought by citing), you can include both in one parenthetical citation as in the example above.

RECAP: : RECAP: 1 author/1 source citing: (Magnusson 68-69). 1 author/more than 1 source citing: (Magnusson, Vikings! 69) author and title mentioned in the sentence: (69). Referring to an entire work while stating the title and author in the sentence: no parenthetical citation required Using more than one author in a citation: (Dirksen 323; Magnusson, Vikings, 69).

PLACEMENT : PLACEMENT Place parenthetical citation at the end of the sentence or at a natural pause in the sentnence, keeping it as close as possible to the material being acknowledged. The parenthetical citation comes before the punctuation needed Other scholars, such as Windhurst (2:59-60), disagree with this conclusion.

When citing a work from various volumes : When citing a work from various volumes When you are citing a work from various volumes, you must start the number part of your citation with the volume number, a colon, then the page numbers. If you have already stated, in the sentence, the name of the author and his work, you only need these numbers Other scholars, such as Windhurst (2:59-60), disagree with this conclusion. Other scholars disagree with this conclusion (e.g., Windhurst 2:59-60) Note: parenthetical reference comes before or after punctuation

Punctuation with citation : Punctuation with citation In Lorimer’s translation of the New Testament into Scots, “only the Devil speaks Standard English” (McCrum, Cran, and MacNeil 145). The above illustrates closing quotation marks before the parenthetical citation And the sentence closing period comes after the parenthetical citation. Is it surprising that in Appalachia the remote dialects are believed to be more pure (Scogdill et al. 13-14, 17)? Illustrates the final question mark, as well as et al. (Latin for “and others”) Used when a work has more than three authors

Special Matters : Special Matters Off-setting quotes Traditional way to quote. At the end of The Red Badge of Courage, Henry acquires some information: “A store of assurance” (99). Brackets When you use a quote, but need to add a word or phrase so that it makes sense in your sentence. At the end of The Red Badge of Courage, Henry acquires “a store of assurance” and feels that “he is [over] qualified” (99, 24). Integrated quotes You do not always need to set off your quote with punctuation. Sometimes, you can use a quote to complete a sentence (a thought) you have created. At the end of The Red Badge of Courage, Henry acquires “a store of assurance” and feels that “he is [over] qualified” (99, 24). Use of ellipses Use when you want to omit something from a quote to add ease in reading. BEFORE: At the end of The Red Badge of Courage, Henry acquires “a store of assurance that makes him feel really good about his plans and achievements” (99, 24). AFTER: At the end of The Red Badge of Courage, Henry acquires “a store of assurance that makes him feel … good about his plans and achievements” (99, 24).

NO PAGE NUMBERS??? : NO PAGE NUMBERS??? When you don’t have page numbers (some electronic sources), you can use paragraph numbers. Give the necessary information using the abbreviation par. or pars. If the author’s name appears, it is followed by a comma. Ex: Overmanaging a stock portfolio is both expensive and foolish (Harter, par. 16).

No Page Numbers continued… : No Page Numbers continued… If your source names no author, identify the source by its title. You can shorten the title, but be sure to include its first word so that it can be located alphabetically in the list of sources. Word processing programs commonly include many equation symbols (e.g., WordPerfect Reference 715-17). When you mean “for example,” use e.g. It is an abbreviation for the Latin phrase exempli gratia. When you mean “that is/in other words,” use “i.e.” It is an abbreviation

(e.g., WordPerfect Reference 715-17). : (e.g., WordPerfect Reference 715-17). When listing three digit numbers, only the last two digits of the final number need be written (typed). 107-09 97-103 (03 wouldn’t make sense here because it could be 203 or 403 etc… Years also follow this rule: 1 1891-92 1896-1902 Note: if you are starting a new set of numbers (going from 1800 to 1900) you must use the entire year.

If an organization is named as the author: : If an organization is named as the author: Use that name If it is a long name, it will be less of an interruption if it appears in the sentence itself, as in the second example below: Several characteristics can indicate high quality in a doctoral nursing program (American Association of Colleges of Nursing 200). According to the American Association of Colleges of Nursing, several characteristics can indicate high quality in doctoral nursing programs (200).

Citing an editor : Citing an editor If you are quoting from the editor’s introduction to an edited work, treat this citation as you would an author’s name Give the editor’s name without the abbreviation ed. This abbreviation (ed.) will appear on your Works Cited page)

Repeatedly Quoted, Well-known Works : Repeatedly Quoted, Well-known Works Use its common abbreviation in(must be universally well-known) Hamlet: Ham./The Red Badge of Courage: RB/Gulliver’s Travels: GT First use the full name of the work in a sentence with the abbreviation behind it in parentheses In Julius Caesar (JC), Shakespeare creates a work of art from historical events. Then you may use the abbreviation in your parenthetical citations. Shakespeare continues this line of thought in his piece (JC 3.1.1-3) Numbers above correlate to Act, Scene, and Line in the play since we discuss plays this way instead of as paragraphs and pages.

Books of the Bible : Books of the Bible Use common three to four letter abbreviations of books of the Bible whose names are longer than four letters E.g., Gen., Exod., Matt., Gal., Phil., Philem. The song of Moses (Exod. 15:1-19) will be sung in heaven (Rev. 15:3). John the Baptist again said, “Behold the Lamb of God!” (John 1:36). These references call for one work-cited entry: The Bible. King James Version. (no underlines, no facts of publication on works cited page)

Quoting a quote : Quoting a quote Normally, we quote original sources, not someone else telling about the original. If you do not need to cite an indirect source, use the abbreviation qtd. in for “quoted in.” Crane wrote to the Newark Sunday Call that his ancestors had been “pretty hot people” in New Jersey (qtd. In Cady 30).

WORKSCITED : WORKSCITED Used by your readers to access the sources you used with ease Requires specific information Your way of acknowledging that you took some information or wording from someone else’s work. SPECIFIC FORMAT The last page of your research paper

Basic Rules : Basic Rules Begin your Works Cited page on a separate page at the end of your research paper. It should have the same one-inch margins and last name, page number header as the rest of your paper. Label the page Works Cited (do not underline the words Works Cited or put them in quotation marks) and center the words Works Cited at the top of the page. Double space all citations, but do not skip spaces between entries. Indent the second and subsequent lines of citations five spaces so that you create a hanging indent. Taken from The Owl at Perdue/Works Cited Page: Basic Format

Basic Rules : Basic Rules List page numbers of sources efficiently, when needed. If you refer to a journal article that appeared on pages 225 through 250, list the page numbers on your Works Cited page as 225-50. If you're citing an article or a publication that was originally issued in print form but that you retrieved from an online database, you should provide enough information so that the reader can locate the article either in its original print form or retrieve it from the online database (if they have access). Taken from The Owl at Perdue/Works Cited Page: Basic Format

Capitalization and Punctuation : Capitalization and Punctuation Capitalize each word in the titles of articles, books, etc, but do not capitalize articles, short prepositions, or conjunctions unless one is the first word of the title or subtitle: Gone with the Wind, The Art of War, There Is Nothing Left to Lose Use italics or underlining for titles of larger works (books, magazines) and quotation marks for titles of shorter works (poems, articles) Taken from The Owl at Perdue/Works Cited Page: Basic Format

Listing Author Names : Listing Author Names Entries are listed by author name (or, for entire edited collections, editor names). Author names are written last name first; middle names or middle initials follow the first name: Burke, KennethLevy, David M.Wallace, David Foster Taken from The Owl at Perdue/Works Cited Page: Basic Format

Listing Author Names : Listing Author Names Do not list titles (Dr., Sir, Saint, etc.) or degrees (PhD, MA, DDS, etc.) with names. A book listing an author named "John Bigbrain, PhD" appears simply as "Bigbrain, John"; Do, however, include suffixes like "Jr." or "II." Putting it all together, a work by Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. would be cited as "King, Martin Luther, Jr.," with the suffix following the first or middle name and a comma. Taken from The Owl at Perdue/Works Cited Page: Basic Format

More than one work by an author : More than one work by an author If you have cited more than one work by a particular author, order the entries alphabetically by title, and use three hyphens in place of the author's name for every entry after the first: Burke, Kenneth. A Grammar of Motives. ---. A Rhetoric of Motives. Taken from The Owl at Perdue/Works Cited Page: Basic Format

More than one work by an author : More than one work by an author When an author or collection editor appears both as the sole author of a text and as the first author of a group, list solo-author entries first: Heller, Steven, ed. The Education of an E-Designer. Heller, Steven and Karen Pomeroy. Design Literacy: Understanding Graphic Design. Taken from The Owl at Perdue/Works Cited Page: Basic Format

Work with no known author : Work with no known author Alphabetize works with no known author by their title; use a shortened version of the title in the parenthetical citations in your paper. In this case, Boring Postcards USA has no known author: Baudrillard, Jean. Simulacra and Simulations. Boring Postcards USA. Burke, Kenneth. A Rhetoric of Motives. Taken from The Owl at Perdue/Works Cited Page: Basic Format

Works Cited Page: Books : Works Cited Page: Books Books- Basic First or single author's name is written last name, first name. The basic form for a book citation is: Lastname, Firstname. Title of Book. Place of Publication: Publisher, Year of Publication. Magnusson, Magnus. Vikings! New York: Dutton, 1980. Taken from The Owl at Perdue/Works Cited Page: Basic Format

Works Cited Page: Books : Works Cited Page: Books Book with One Author Gleick, James. Chaos: Making a New Science. New York: Penguin Books, 1987. Henley, Patricia. The Hummingbird House. Denver: MacMurray, 1999. Taken from The Owl at Perdue/Works Cited Page: Basic Format

Works Cited Page: Books : Works Cited Page: Books Book with More Than One Author First author name is written last name first; subsequent author names are written first name, last name. Gillespie, Paula, and Neal Lerner. The Allyn and Bacon Guide to Peer Tutoring. Boston: Allyn, 2000. Taken from The Owl at Perdue/Works Cited Page: Basic Format

Works Cited Page: Books : Works Cited Page: Books If there are more than three authors, you may list only the first author followed by the phrase et al. (the abbreviation for the Latin phrase "and others"; no period after "et") in place of the other authors' names, or you may list all the authors in the order in which their names appear on the title page. Wysocki, Anne Frances, et al. Writing New Media: Theory and Applications for Expanding the Teaching of Composition. Logan, UT: Utah State UP, 2004. or Wysocki, Anne Frances, Johndan Johnson-Eilola, Cynthia L. Selfe, and Geoffrey Sirc. Writing New Media: Theory and Applications for Expanding the Teaching of Composition. Logan, UT: Utah State UP, 2004. Taken from The Owl at Perdue/Works Cited Page: Basic Format

Works Cited Page: Books : Works Cited Page: Books Two or More Books by the Same Author After the first listing of the author's name, use three hyphens and a period instead of the author's name. List books alphabetically by title. Palmer, William J. Dickens and New Historicism. New York: St. Martin's, 1997. ---. The Films of the Eighties: A Social History. Carbondale: Southern Illinois UP, 1993. Taken from The Owl at Perdue/Works Cited Page: Basic Format

Works Cited Page: Books : Works Cited Page: Books Book by a Corporate Author A corporate author may be a commission, a committee, or any group whose individual members are not identified on the title page: American Allergy Association. Allergies in Children. New York: Random, 1998. Book with No Author List and alphabetize by the title of the book. Encyclopedia of Indiana. New York: Somerset, 1993. Taken from The Owl at Perdue/Works Cited Page: Basic Format

Works Cited Page: Books : Works Cited Page: Books A Translated Book Cite as you would any other book, and add "Trans." followed by the translator's/translators' name(s): Foucault, Michel. Madness and Civilization: A History of Insanity in the Age of Reason. Trans. Richard Howard. New York: Vintage-Random House, 1988. Republished Book Books may be republished due to popularity without becoming a new edition, which is usually a revision of the original. For these books, insert the original publication date before the publication information. Butler, Judith. Gender Trouble. 1990. New York: Routledge, 1999. Erdrich, Louise. Love Medicine. 1984. New York: Perennial-Harper, 1993. Taken from The Owl at Perdue/Works Cited Page: Basic Format

Works Cited Page: Books : Works Cited Page: Books An Edition of a Book There are two types of editions in book publishing: a book that has been published more than once in different editions and a book that is prepared by someone other than the author (typically an editor). A Subsequent Edition Cite the book as you normally would, but add the number of the edition after the title. Crowley, Sharon and Debra Hawhee. Ancient Rhetorics for Contemporary Students. 3rd ed. New York: Pearson/Longman, 2004. A Work Prepared by an Editor Cite the book as you normally would, but add the editor after the title. Bronte, Charlotte. Jane Eyre. Ed. Margaret Smith. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1998. Taken from The Owl at Perdue/Works Cited Page: Basic Format

Works Cited Page: Books : Works Cited Page: Books Anthology or Collection List by editor or editors, followed by a comma and "ed." or, for multiple editors, "eds." Hill, Charles A. and Marguerite Helmers, eds. Defining Visual Rhetorics. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 2004. Peterson, Nancy J., ed. Toni Morrison: Critical and Theoretical Approaches. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins UP, 1997. A Work in an Anthology, Reference, or Collection Book parts include an essay in an edited collection or anthology, or a chapter of a book. The basic form is: Lastname, First name. "Title of Essay." Title of Collection. Ed. Editor's Name(s). Place of Publication: Publisher, Year. Pages. Taken from The Owl at Perdue/Works Cited Page: Basic Format

Works Cited Page: Books : Works Cited Page: Books Poem or Short Story Examples: Burns, Robert. "Red, Red Rose." 100 Best-Loved Poems. Ed. Philip Smith. New York: Dover, 1995. 26. Kincaid, Jamaica. "Girl." The Vintage Book of Contemporary American Short Stories. Ed. Tobias Wolff. New York: Vintage, 1994. 306-307. If the specific literary work is part of the same author's collection, then there will be no editor to reference: Whitman, Walt. "I Sing the Body Electric." Selected Poems. New York: Dover, 1991. 12-19. Carter, Angela. "The Tiger's Bride." Burning Your Boats: The Collected Stories. New York: Penguin, 1995. 154-169. Taken from The Owl at Perdue/Works Cited Page: Basic Format

Works Cited Page: Books : Works Cited Page: Books A Multivolume Work When citing only one volume of a multivolume work, include the volume number after the work's title, or after the work's editor or translator. Quintilian. Institutio Oratoria. Trans. H. E. Butler. Vol. 2. Cambridge: Loeb-Harvard UP, 1980. When citing more than one volume of a multivolume work, cite the total number of volumes in the work. Quintilian. Institutio Oratoria. Trans. H. E. Butler. 4 vols. Cambridge: Loeb-Harvard UP, 1980. Taken from The Owl at Perdue/Works Cited Page: Basic Format

Works Cited Page: Books : Works Cited Page: Books If the volume you are using has its own title, cite the book without referring to the other volumes as if it were an independent publication. Churchill, Winston. S. The Age of Revolution. New York: Dodd, 1957. Or, if you want to reference the larger multivolume as part of your citation, you may include "Vol. number of" before listing the title of the entire work, the total number of volumes, and the date. Churchill, Winston. S. The Age of Revolution. New Taken from The Owl at Perdue/Works Cited Page: Basic Format

Works Cited Page: Books : Works Cited Page: Books An Introduction, a Preface, a Foreword, or an Afterword When citing an introduction, a preface, a forward, or an afterword, write the name of the authors and then give the name of the part being cited, which should not be italicized, underlined or enclosed in quotation marks. Farrell, Thomas B. Introduction. Norms of Rhetorical Culture. By Farrell. New Haven: Yale UP, 1993. 1-13. If the writer of the piece is different from the author of the complete work, then write the full name of the complete work's author after the word "By." For example: Duncan, Hugh Dalziel. Introduction. Permanence and Change: An Anatomy of Purpose. By Kenneth Burke. 1935. 3rd ed. Berkeley: U of California P, 1984. xiii-xliv. Taken from The Owl at Perdue/Works Cited Page: Basic Format

Works Cited Page: Periodicals : Works Cited Page: Periodicals MLA style is slightly different for popular periodicals, like magazines, newspapers, and scholarly journals, as you'll learn below. Taken from The Owl at Perdue/Works Cited Page: Basic Format

Works Cited Page: Periodicals : Works Cited Page: Periodicals Article in a Magazine Cite by listing the article's author, putting the title of the article in quotations marks, and underlining or italicizing the periodical title. Follow with the date and remember to abbreviate the month. Basic format: Author(s). "Title of Article." Title of Periodical Day Month Year: pages. Poniewozik, James. "TV Makes a Too-Close Call." Time 20 Nov. 2000: 70-71. Buchman, Dana. "A Special Education." Good Housekeeping Mar. 2006: 143-8. Taken from The Owl at Perdue/Works Cited Page: Basic Format

Works Cited Page: Periodicals : Works Cited Page: Periodicals Article in a Newspaper Cite a newspaper article as you would a magazine article, but note the different pagination in a newspaper. If there is more than one edition available for that date (as in an early and late edition of a newspaper), identify the edition following the date (e.g., 17 May 1987, late ed.). Author(s). "Title of Article." Title of Periodical Day Month Year: pages. Brubaker, Bill. "New Health Center Targets County's Uninsured Patients." Washington Post 24 May 2007: LZ01. Krugman, Andrew. "Fear of Eating." New York Times 21 May 2007 late ed.: A1. Taken from The Owl at Perdue/Works Cited Page: Basic Format

Works Cited Page: Periodicals : Works Cited Page: Periodicals If the newspaper is local, include the city name in brackets after the title of the newspaper. Behre, Robert. "Presidential Hopefuls Get Final Crack at Core of S.C. Democrats." Post and Courier [Charleston, SC] 29 Apr. 2007: A11. Trembacki, Paul. "Brees Hopes to Win Heisman for Team." Purdue Exponent [West Lafayette, IN] 5 Dec. 2000: 20. Taken from The Owl at Perdue/Works Cited Page: Basic Format

Works Cited Page: Periodicals : Works Cited Page: Periodicals Anonymous Articles Cite the article title first, and finish the citation as you would any other for that kind of periodical. "Business: Global warming's boom town; Tourism in Greenland." The Economist 26 May 2007: 82. "Aging; Women Expect to Care for Aging Parents but Seldom Prepare." Women's Health Weekly. 10 May 2007: 18. Taken from The Owl at Perdue/Works Cited Page: Basic Format

Works Cited Page: Periodicals : Works Cited Page: Periodicals An Article in a Scholarly Journal Author(s). "Title of Article." Title of Journal Volume.Issue (Year): pages. Actual example: Bagchi, Alaknanda. "Conflicting Nationalisms: The Voice of the Subaltern in Mahasweta Devi's Bashai Tudu." Tulsa Studies in Women's Literature 15.1 (1996): 41-50. If the journal uses continuous pagination throughout a particular volume, only volume and year are needed, e.g. Modern Fiction Studies 40 (1998): 251-81. If each issue of the journal begins on page 1, however, you must also provide the issue number following the volume, e.g. Mosaic 19.3 (1986): 33-49. Taken from The Owl at Perdue/Works Cited Page: Basic Format

Works Cited Page: Periodicals : Works Cited Page: Periodicals Journal with Continuous Pagination Allen, Emily. "Staging Identity: Frances Burney's Allegory of Genre." Eighteenth-Century Studies 31 (1998): 433-51. Journal with Non-Continuous Pagination Duvall, John N. "The (Super)Marketplace of Images: Television as Unmediated Mediation in DeLillo's White Noise." Arizona Quarterly 50.3 (1994): 127-53. Taken from The Owl at Perdue/Works Cited Page: Basic Format

Works Cited: Electronic Sources : Works Cited: Electronic Sources Some Tips on Handling Electronic Sources It is always a good idea to maintain personal copies of electronic information, when possible. It is good practice to print or save Web pages or, better, using a program like Adobe Acrobat, to keep your own copies for future reference. Most Web browsers will include URL/electronic address information when you print, which makes later reference easy. Also learn to use the Bookmark function in your Web browser. Taken from The Owl at Perdue/Works Cited Page: Basic Format

Works Cited: Electronic Sources : Works Cited: Electronic Sources Basic Style for Citations of Electronic Sources (Including Online Databases) Here are some common features you should try and find before citing electronic sources in MLA style. Always include as much information as is available/applicable: Author and/or editor names Name of the database, or title of project, book, article Any version numbers available Date of version, revision, or posting Publisher information Date you accessed the material Electronic address, printed between carets ([<, >]). Taken from The Owl at Perdue/Works Cited Page: Basic Format

Works Cited: Electronic Sources : Works Cited: Electronic Sources Web Sources Web sites (in MLA style, the "W" in Web is capitalized, and "Web site" or "Web sites" are written as two words) and Web pages are arguably the most commonly cited form of electronic resource today. Below are a variety of Web sites and pages you might need to cite. Taken from The Owl at Perdue/Works Cited Page: Basic Format

Works Cited: Electronic Sources : Works Cited: Electronic Sources An Entire Web Site Basic format: Name of Site. Date of Posting/Revision. Name of institution/organization affiliated with the site (sometimes found in copyright statements). Date you accessed the site [electronic address]. The Purdue OWL Family of Sites. 26 Aug. 2005. The Writing Lab and OWL at Purdue and Purdue University. 23 April 2006 . Felluga, Dino. Guide to Literary and Critical Theory. 28 Nov. 2003. Purdue University. 10 May 2006 . Taken from The Owl at Perdue/Works Cited Page: Basic Format

Works Cited: Electronic Sources : Works Cited: Electronic Sources Long URLs URLs that won't fit on one line of your Works Cited list should be broken at slashes, when possible. Some Web sites have unusually long URLs that would be virtually impossible to retype; others use frames, so the URL appears the same for each page. To address this problem, either refer to a site's search URL, or provide the path to the resource from an entry page with an easier URL. Begin the path with the word Path followed by a colon, followed by the name of each link, separated by a semicolon. For example, the Amazon.com URL for customer privacy and security information is , so we'd need to simplify the citation: Amazon.com. "Privacy and Security." 22 May 2006 . Path: Help; Privacy & Security. Taken from The Owl at Perdue/Works Cited Page: Basic Format

Works Cited: Electronic Sources : Works Cited: Electronic Sources A Page on a Web Site For an individual page on a Web site, list the author or alias if known, followed by the title of the article in quotes and the Web site name. Lastly, include the URL address. Make sure the URL points to the exact page you are referring to, or the entry or home page for a collection of pages you're referring to: "Caret." Wikipedia: The Free Encyclopedia. 28 April 2006. 10 May 2006 . "How to Make Vegetarian Chili." eHow.com. 10 May 2006 . Stolley, Karl. "MLA Formatting and Style Guide." The OWL at Purdue. 10 May 2006. Purdue University Writing Lab. 12 May 2006 . Taken from The Owl at Perdue/Works Cited Page: Basic Format

Works Cited: Electronic Sources : Works Cited: Electronic Sources An Image, Including a Painting, Sculpture, or Photograph For works housed outside of an online home, include the artist's name, the year the work was created, and the institution (e.g., a gallery or museum) that houses it (if applicable), followed by the city where it is located. Include the complete information for the site where you found the image, including the date of access. In this first example, the image was found on the Web site belonging to the work's home museum: Goya, Francisco. The Family of Charles IV. 1800. Museo del Prado, Madrid. 22 May 2006 . Taken from The Owl at Perdue/Works Cited Page: Basic Format

Works Cited: Electronic Sources : Works Cited: Electronic Sources In this next example, the owner of the online site for the image is different than the image's home museum: Klee, Paul. Twittering Machine. 1922. Museum of Modern Art, New York. The Artchive. "Klee: Twittering Machine." 22 May 2006 . For other images, cite as you would any other Web page, but make sure you're crediting the original creator of the image. Here's an example from Webshots.com, an online photo-sharing site ("brandychloe" is a username): brandychloe. Great Horned Owl Family. 22 May 2006 . Taken from The Owl at Perdue/Works Cited Page: Basic Format

Works Cited: Electronic Sources : Works Cited: Electronic Sources The above example links directly to the image; but we could also provide the user's profile URL, and give the path for reaching the image, e.g. brandychloe. Great Horned Owl Family. 22 May 2006 . Path: Albums; birds; great horned owl family. Doing so helps others verify information about the images creator, where as linking directly to an image file, like a JPEG (.jpg) may make verification difficult or impossible. Taken from The Owl at Perdue/Works Cited Page: Basic Format

Works Cited: Electronic Sources : Works Cited: Electronic Sources An Article in a Web Magazine Author(s). "Title of Article." Title of Online Publication. Date of Publication. Date of Access . For example: Bernstein, Mark. "10 Tips on Writing The Living Web." A List Apart: For People Who Make Websites. No. 149 (16 Aug. 2002). 4 May 2006 . Taken from The Owl at Perdue/Works Cited Page: Basic Format

Works Cited: Electronic Sources : Works Cited: Electronic Sources An Article in an Online Scholarly Journal Online scholarly journals are treated different from online magazines. First, you must include volume and issue information, when available. Also, some electronic journals and magazines provide paragraph or page numbers; again, include them if available. Wheelis, Mark. "Investigating Disease Outbreaks Under a Protocol to the Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention." Emerging Infectious Diseases 6.6 (2000): 33 pars. 8 May 2006 . Taken from The Owl at Perdue/Works Cited Page: Basic Format

Works Cited: Electronic Sources : Works Cited: Electronic Sources An Article from an Electronic Subscription Service When citing material accessed via an electronic subscription service (e.g., a database or online collection your library subscribes to), cite the relevant publication information as you would for a periodical (author, article title, periodical title, and volume, date, and page number information) followed by the name of the database or subscription collection, the name of the library through which you accessed the content, including the library's city and state, plus date of access. If a URL is available for the home page of the service, include it. Do not include a URL to the article itself, because it is not openly accessible. For example: Grabe, Mark. "Voluntary Use of Online Lecture Notes: Correlates of Note Use and Note Use as an Alternative to Class Attendance." Computers and Education 44 (2005): 409-21. ScienceDirect. Purdue U Lib., West Lafayette, IN. 28 May 2006 .

Works Cited: Electronic Sources : Works Cited: Electronic Sources An Article or Publication in Print and Electronic Form If you're citing an article or a publication that was originally issued in print form but that you retrieved from an online database that your library subscribes to, you should provide enough information so that the reader can locate the article either in its original print form or retrieve it from the online database (if they have access). Taken from The Owl at Perdue/Works Cited Page: Basic Format

Works Cited: Electronic Sources : Works Cited: Electronic Sources The generic citation form would look like this: Author. "Title of Article." Periodical Name Volume Number (if necessary) Publication Date: page number-page number. Database name. Service name. Library Name, City, State. Date of access . Here's an example: Smith, Martin. "World Domination for Dummies." Journal of Despotry Feb. 2000: 66-72. Expanded Academic ASAP. Gale Group Databases. Purdue University Libraries, West Lafayette, IN. 19 Feb. 2003 . Taken from The Owl at Perdue/Works Cited Page: Basic Format

Works Cited: Electronic Sources : Works Cited: Electronic Sources Article in a Database on CD-ROM "World War II." Encarta. CD-ROM. Seattle: Microsoft, 1999. Article From a Periodically Published CD-ROM Reed, William. "Whites and the Entertainment Industry." Tennessee Tribune 25 Dec. 1996: 28. Ethnic NewsWatch. CD-ROM. Data Technologies, Feb. 1997. Taken from The Owl at Perdue/Works Cited Page: Basic Format

Works Cited: Other Sources : Works Cited: Other Sources A Painting, Sculpture, or Photograph Include the artist's name, the year the work was created, and the institution (e.g., a gallery or museum) that houses it, followed by the city where it is located. Goya, Francisco. The Family of Charles IV. 1800. Museo del Prado, Madrid. If you're referring to a photographic reproduction, include the information as above, but also include the bibliographic information for the source in which the photograph appears, including a page or other reference number (plate, figure, etc.). For example: Goya, Francisco. The Family of Charles IV. 1800. Museo del Prado, Madrid. Gardener's Art Through the Ages. 10th ed. By Richard G. Tansey and Fred S. Kleiner. Fort Worth: Harcourt Brace. 939. Taken from The Owl at Perdue/Works Cited Page: Basic Format

Works Cited: Other Sources : Works Cited: Other Sources A Map or Chart Cite a map or chart as you would an anonymous book or pamphlet. Include the appropriate designator after the title. Wisconsin. Map. Madison, WI: Wisconsin Dept. of Transportation, 1997/98. US Markets - Long-Term Performance. Chart. Austin, TX: Martin Capital Advisors, 2007. Taken from The Owl at Perdue/Works Cited Page: Basic Format

RECAP : RECAP BOOKS: Basic format: Last name, First name. Title of Book. Place of Publication: Publisher, Year of Publication. More than one book by a particular author: use three hyphens in place of the author's name for every entry after the first No known author: Alphabetize works with no known author by their title Multiple authors: First author name is written last name first; subsequent author names are written first name, last name. Taken from The Owl at Perdue/Works Cited Page: Basic Format

RECAP : RECAP PERIODICALS: Basic format articles: Author(s). "Title of Article." Title of Periodical Day Month Year: pages. Article in a magazine (see above) Article in a newspaper (pagination is different in newspapers) Taken from The Owl at Perdue/Works Cited Page: Basic Format

RECAP : RECAP Electronic Sources/Basic format: Author. "Title of Article." Periodical Name Volume Number (if necessary) Publication Date: page number-page number. Database name. Service name. Library Name, City, State. Date of access . Long URL’s: cut them at the / Page on a website: author or alias, title of the article in quotes and the Web site name, include the URL address. Taken from The Owl at Perdue/Works Cited Page: Basic Format

Slide 73 : An Article in a Web Magazine Author(s). "Title of Article." Title of Online Publication. Date of Publication. Date of Access . Taken from The Owl at Perdue/Works Cited Page: Basic Format

RECAP: IMAGES : RECAP: IMAGES An Image, Including a Painting, Sculpture, or Photograph For works housed outside of an online home, include the artist's name, the year the work was created, and the institution (e.g., a gallery or museum) that houses it (if applicable), followed by the city where it is located. Include the complete information for the site where you found the image, including the date of access. A Painting, Sculpture, or Photograph Include the artist's name, the year the work was created, and the institution (e.g., a gallery or museum) that houses it, followed by the city where it is located. Taken from The Owl at Perdue/Works Cited Page: Basic Format