1. Atomic Structure : www.saitechinfo.com 1. Atomic Structure Chemistry
STD 10
Matriculation Board
Contents : www.saitechinfo.com Contents Atomic Hypothesis
Constituents of the atom
Quantum numbers
Electronic configuration of atoms of elements
Shape of Orbital
Electronic concept of oxidation and reduction
Oxidation number
Slide 3 : www.saitechinfo.com Dalton’s Model
J.J. Thomson Model
Rutherford’s model
Bohr’s model
Sommerfeld model
Quantum mechanical model
Concept of atomic model
Difference between an orbit and orbital 1. Atomic Hypothesis
Slide 4 : www.saitechinfo.com Dalton’s Model 1. Atomic Hypothesis Atoms are indivisible
tomia’ means divisible
‘Atomia’ means indivisible Chalk piece Broken into pieces Further powdered Atom
A tiniest particle
Which cannot
be divided further
Slide 5 : www.saitechinfo.com J.J. Thomson Model 1. Atomic Hypothesis An atom is a solid sphere of positively charged particles in which electrons
are embedded like seeds in a watermelon fruit Water melon Electrons embedded
Slide 6 : www.saitechinfo.com Rutherford’s model 1. Atomic Hypothesis The protons and neutrons are present in a small dense positively charged
core called nucleus and all the electrons revolve around the nucleus in circular paths like planetary model. Nucleus (Protons & Neutrons) Electrons Circular orbit
Slide 7 : www.saitechinfo.com Bohr’s model 1. Atomic Hypothesis The protons and neutrons are present in the nucleus and all the electrons revolve
around the nucleus in definite orbits.
Slide 8 : www.saitechinfo.com Sommerfeld model 1. Atomic Hypothesis According to this, the electron moving around the nucleus must describe an elliptical orbit in addition to circular orbits as suggested by Bohr.
Slide 9 : www.saitechinfo.com Quantum mechanical model 1. Atomic Hypothesis According to this, electrons are considered as three dimensional wave in electric field of the positively charged nucleus.
Slide 10 : www.saitechinfo.com Concept of atomic model 1. Atomic Hypothesis Orbit:
A definite circular path Orbital:
The total volume where the electron spends most of its time