Presentation 1 – System Fundamentals : Presentation 1 – System Fundamentals
Slide 2 : 2 The Language
of a Computer
The Telegraph : 3 The Telegraph Samuel F.B. Morse
1838
A • –
B – •••
C – • – •
D – ••
Analog vs. Digital : 4 Analog Signals vary over a continuous range
Digital signals vary between two fixed levels Analog vs. Digital
Analog vs. Digital : 5 Analog Signals are
continuously variable Analog vs. Digital
Analog vs. Digital : 6 Analog vs. Digital Analog Signals are
continuously variable
Analog vs. Digital : 7 Analog vs. Digital Digital Signals have
two levels; on or off
Analog vs. Digital : 8 Analog vs. Digital Digital Signals have
two levels; on or off
Parallel vs. Serial : 9 110111001001001101101001101000101011010101101 Parallel vs. Serial 1101110010010011011010011101001011101010101101000101011010101101 1101110010010011011010011101001011101010101101000101011010101101 1101110010010011011010011101001011101010101101000101011010101101 1101110010010011011010011101001011101010101101000101011010101101 1101110010010011011010011101001011101010101101000101011010101101
Decimal Numbers : 10 Decimal Numbers 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9
called a “base 10” system
Binary : 11 Binary Either 0 or 1
Requires more digits than decimal for a given value
Bit: single digit
Byte: eight bits together
Word: multiple bytes together
Binary : 12 Binary
Hexadecimal : 13 Hexadecimal 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,A,B,C,D,E,F
Called a “base 16” numbering system
Requires fewer digits than decimal for a given value
Primarily used to make binary easier
Slide 14 : 14
Slide 15 : 15 11000010101010110010111101011001 C 2 A B 2 F 5 9 C2AB 2F59 bits nibbles bytes
Identifying Numbers : 16 Identifying Numbers 330H is Hex
3F8 is Hex
256 is Decimal
1010 is Binary
American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) : 17 American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII)
Slide 18 : 18 Computer Components
The Ultimate Processing Components : 19 The Ultimate Processing Components
ATXMotherboard : 20 ATXMotherboard
Processing Components : 21 Processing Components
Input Devices : 22 Keyboards
Mice
Trackballs
J-mice
Biometric Scanner Scanner
Microphone
CD-ROM
Touchpads Input Devices
Output Devices : 23 Output Devices Monitors
Printers
Inkjet, Laser, Dot-matrix, Plotters
Speakers
Input/Output Devices : 24 Input/Output Devices Floppy Drive
Hard Drive
Modem
Network Interface Card
CD-R/W
Other Storage Media
Support Hardware : 25 Support Hardware Power Supply
UPS
Surge Arrestor
Switch Box
End : End