11 Body Systems

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There are 11 wonderful : There are 11 wonderful Body Systems! Our body is like a team…organ systems are the players and they depend on each of the other organ systems.

Slide 3 : homeostasis B L A N C E

The Nervous System : The Nervous System

Functions of Nervous System: : Functions of Nervous System: It controls body functions. It ensures communication between the systems of the body 3. It recognizes and coordinates the body’s response to changes in its internal and external environments.

Nervous System : Nervous System 1. Central Nervous System a. brain b. nerve cord Peripheral Nervous System a. Autonomic system-involuntary movements b. Somatic system-voluntary movements

Slide 7 : Brain Spinal Cord Central Nervous System

Slide 8 : Peripheral Nervous System Includes all other parts of the nervous system. Many peripheral nerves control other organs. They also control involuntary and voluntary muscles and glands.

Senses are a part of the nervous system. : Senses are a part of the nervous system. Senses help us respond to our environment. Taste Smell Hearing Touch Sight

This is a neuron (nerve cell). : This is a neuron (nerve cell).

Slide 11 : Messages are picked up from the dendrites and passed on to the next neuron via the axon. Then the message is picked up by the next set of dendrites. Messages move approximately 300 mph.

Slide 12 : Our brain weighs about 3 pounds. 48 oz. But we only use 10% of our brains.

The cortex of the brain is the outside part. : The cortex of the brain is the outside part.

The total surface area of the human cerebral cortex is about 2,500 cm. : The total surface area of the human cerebral cortex is about 2,500 cm. 2 40 cm by 62.5 cm

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review slide… : review slide… The functions of the nervous system… recognize and coordinate the body’s response to changes in its internal and external environments.

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Slide 18 : Integumentary System This is an elephant up close and personal.

Slide 19 : Integumentary structures include: Skin Hair Nails Sweat and oil glands

Functions of Integumentary System : Functions of Integumentary System Serves as a barrier against infection and injury Helps to regulate body temperature Provides protection against ultraviolet radiation from the sun

Sometimes, things just go wrong… : Sometimes, things just go wrong…

Skincancer : Skincancer

So before you do this, think! : So before you do this, think!

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Slide 25 : The Endocrine System in blood

Endocrine means : Endocrine means a gland which secretes (gives off) substances that it makes (hormones) directly into the blood

Functions of theEndocrine System : Functions of theEndocrine System Controls growth, development, and metabolism Maintains the body’s homeostasis by releasing hormones Works closely with the nervous system because nerve impulses direct the secretion of hormones

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Hormones perform many functions. : Hormones perform many functions. Pancreas produces insulin which regulates glucose in blood.

Hormones perform many functions. : Hormones perform many functions. Pituitary gland in the brain controls body growth and the activities of other glands. Boss gland!

Hormones perform many functions. : Hormones perform many functions. 3. The adrenal glands secrete adrenaline in response to stress. (think: Incredible Hulk)

Hormones perform many functions. : Hormones perform many functions. Parathyroid gland regulates the calcium in blood.

Hormones perform many functions. : Hormones perform many functions. 5. Hypothalamus releases hormones to maintain temperature, sleep, and eating.

Hormones perform many functions. : Hormones perform many functions. 6. The ovaries and testes secrete hormones related to reproductive functions.

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The “exit” of liquid wastes. : The “exit” of liquid wastes. The Excretory System

Excretory System : Excretory System Removes wastes from the body in ways that maintain homeostasis Composed of skin, lungs, kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra

The kidneys are a pair of organs in the abdominal region containing structures that filter the blood.The kidneys remove waste products from the blood and produce urine. : The kidneys are a pair of organs in the abdominal region containing structures that filter the blood.The kidneys remove waste products from the blood and produce urine. Ureters!

Slide 39 : Urea is the waste of protein digestion. Salt is another waste product. The urine formed in the kidneys is a product consisting mostly of water, but also contains urea, salts, and other wastes. What do kidneys filter from blood?

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Slide 42 : The Muscular System

Functions of the Muscular System : Functions of the Muscular System 1. Works in conjunction with skeletal system to produce voluntary (controlled) movement 2. Helps to circulate blood (HEART!) 3. Helps move food through the digestive system (PERISTALSIS)

3 Types of Muscle Tissue : 3 Types of Muscle Tissue Skeletal muscle: moves bones; voluntary movement Smooth muscle: found in internal organs, involuntary movement Cardiac muscle: found ONLY in the heart, involuntary movement

Slide 45 : Muscles never push! They always PULL! Skeletal muscles

Slide 46 : Internal organs are made of Smooth muscles x x x x

Cardiac Muscle : Cardiac Muscle Each day your heart beats 100,000 times and pumps about 2,000 gallons of blood.

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Slide 49 : The Skeletal System consists of all bones, joints,and cartilage of the body

Slide 50 : Bones are made of… Osteoplasts- (living bone cells)

Slide 51 : Each bone cell or osteoplast must: 1. Receive food, water, and oxygen 2. Get rid of wastes

Functions of the Skeletal System : Functions of the Skeletal System a. Provides support and form Protects delicate internal organs

Functions of the Skeletal System : c. Allows movement (muscles attached to bones) d. Makes red and white blood cells Functions of the Skeletal System

Slide 54 : e. Stores minerals (calcium) Functions of the Skeletal System “Milk does a body good.”

Slide 55 : Sometimes, things just go wrong…

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Review the functions of Skeletal System : Review the functions of Skeletal System Supports the body Protects internal organs Allows movement Stores mineral reserves Provides a site for blood cell formation

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Slide 62 : The Circulatory System

Circulatory System Structures : Heart Blood Vessels Circulatory System Structures Blood

Functions of Blood : Functions of Blood Carries oxygen, food, and hormones to the cells Picks up waste carbon dioxide from cells B. Fights infection C. Keeps us warm

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Slide 66 :

Slide 67 : Diet can be a problem!

Slide 68 : The Digestive System

Functions of the Digestive System : Functions of the Digestive System Converts foods into simpler molecules that can be used by the cells of the body 2. Absorbs food 3. Eliminates wastes

Digestion occurs because of : Digestion occurs because of Mechanical digestion- Teeth breaking down food size Stomach contracting to break down food size

Digestion occurs because of : Digestion occurs because of Chemical digestion- Enzymes in saliva breaking down starch Acid in stomach Pancreatic juices from pancreas (an endocrine gland) breaking down carbohydrates, fats, and proteins Bile from liver stored in gallbladder breaking down fats

Digestive system structures: : Digestive system structures: mouth pharynx esophagus stomach small large intestine rectum Liver Pancreas Gallbladder

Slide 73 : Liver Large Intestine Small Intestine Appendix

Slide 74 :

Slide 75 : The Respiratory System

Structures of the respiratory system : Structures of the respiratory system nose pharynx larynx trachea bronchi bronchioles lungs

Nose: warms, filters and cleans the air : Nose: warms, filters and cleans the air

Pharynx: throat area : Pharynx: throat area 2 functions: Used in respiratory system & digestive system

Larynx: contains 2 vocal cords : Larynx: contains 2 vocal cords

Trachea: windpipe : Trachea: windpipe

Bronchi:two main branches of trachea : Bronchi:two main branches of trachea

Bronchioles: microscopic branches ending in alveoli (air sacs) : Bronchioles: microscopic branches ending in alveoli (air sacs)

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Slide 87 : The Immune System

Immune system parts: : Immune system parts: White blood cells Thymus gland Spleen Lymph nodes Lymph vessels

Healthy ratio of blood: 700 RBC to 1 WBC : Healthy ratio of blood: 700 RBC to 1 WBC

Slide 90 : The thymus gland is a pink-grey organ that lies underneath the top of the breast bone. Functions more in fighting childhood diseases.

Spleen-makes RBCs and WBCs : Spleen-makes RBCs and WBCs

Lymph nodes- filter fluids, catching viruses, bacteria, and other unknown materials. : Lymph nodes- filter fluids, catching viruses, bacteria, and other unknown materials.

Slide 93 : carry fluid away from tissues. Lymph vessels

That concludes our study of the 11 : That concludes our study of the 11 Body Systems! Remember, each system and its parts are team members. If all systems are not working properly, the organism is not at its best.