cell biology OL 21.3.2009

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Cell division, cell biology, cell organelles, cell structure

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CELL BIOLOGY : CELL BIOLOGY Dr. Subroto Biswas Dr. Aman Biswas T5/R1

Question 1 : Question 1

Slide 3 : 1. Chloroplast without grana are called (a) chromoplast (b) leucoplast (c) chlorophyll (d) chromatophore

Slide 4 : 1. Chloroplast without grana are called (a) chromoplast (b) leucoplast (c) chlorophyll (d) chromatophore

Slide 5 :

Slide 6 :

Question 2 : Question 2

2.Cell autolysis is conducted by : 2.Cell autolysis is conducted by (a) ribosome (b) Glyoxysome (c) oxysome (d) lysosome

Slide 10 :

Question 3 : Question 3

Slide 12 : 3. Fat is stored in (a) lysosome (b) Spherosome (c) microsome (d) peroxisome

Slide 13 : 3. Fat is stored in (a) lysosome (b) Spherosome (c) microsome (d) peroxisome

Question 4 : Question 4

Slide 15 : 4.One genome is incomplete set of chromosomes of an animal complete set of chromosomes of an animal complete set of chromosomes of a plant (d) both b or c

Slide 16 : 4.One genome is incomplete set of chromosomes of an animal complete set of chromosomes of an animal complete set of chromosomes of a plant (d) both b or c

Slide 17 :

Question 5 : Question 5

Slide 19 : 5.Kinetochore is also known as centrosome centriole (c) Centromere (d) Chromomere

Slide 20 : 5.Kinetochore is also known as centrosome centriole (c) Centromere (d) Chromomere

Slide 21 :

Question 6 : Question 6

Slide 23 : 6. Mitochondria is necessary for (a) Photophosphorylation (b) Oxidative phosphorylation (c) Carboxylation (d) none of the above

Slide 24 : 6. Mitochondria is necessary for (a) Photophosphorylation (b) Oxidative phosphorylation (c) Carboxylation (d) none of the above

Slide 25 :

Question 7 : Question 7

Slide 27 : 7. Which is the sweetest carbohydrate ? (a) Sucrose (b) Glucose (c) Fructose (d) Lactose

Slide 28 : 7. Which is the sweetest carbohydrate ? (a) Sucrose (b) Glucose (c) Fructose (d) Lactose

Fructose : Fructose Bees gather nectar from flowers which contains sucrose. They then use an enzyme to hydrolyze or break apart the sucrose into its component parts of glucose and fructose

Question 8 : Question 8

Slide 31 : 8. The basic structure of eukaryotic chromosome is (a) DNA (b) Chromonema (c) nucleosome (d) nucleoid

Slide 32 : 8. The basic structure of eukaryotic chromosome is (a) DNA (b) Chromonema (c) nucleosome (d) nucleoid

Question 1 : Question 1

Slide 34 : 9. Mitochondria and meiosis are absent in one of these. (a) Blue green algae (b) Green algae (c) Red algae (d) Brown algae

Slide 35 : 9. Mitochondria and meiosis are absent in one of these. (a) Blue green algae (b) Green algae (c) Red algae (d) Brown algae

Question 10 : Question 10

Slide 37 : 10. Salivary gland chromosomes are found in salivary glands of (a) rabbit (b) mouse dog insect

Slide 38 : 10. Salivary gland chromosomes are found in salivary glands of (a) rabbit (b) mouse dog insect

Salivary gland chromosomes : Salivary gland chromosomes

Question 11 : Question 11

11. One chromatid has : 11. One chromatid has (a) one DNA molecule (b) 2 DNA molecules (c) 3 DNA molecules (d) one DNA and one RNA molecule only

Slide 43 :

Question 12 : Question 12

Slide 45 : 12. Hexokinase belongs to (a) transferases (b) Lipases (c) kinases (d) hydrolases

Slide 46 : 12. Hexokinase belongs to (a) transferases (b) Lipases (c) kinases (d) hydrolases

Slide 47 : Kinases = cutters

Question 13 : Question 13

Slide 49 : 13. Ribozyme was reported by Cech et al in 1981 from (a) yeast (b) protozoan (c) muscle fibre (d) alga

Slide 50 : 13. Ribozyme was reported by Cech et al in 1981 from (a) yeast (b) protozoan (c) muscle fibre (d) alga

Slide 51 : The first ribozymes were discovered in the 1980s by Thomas R. Cech, who was studying RNA splicing in the ciliated protozoan Tetrahymena thermophila.

Question 14 : Question 14

Slide 53 : 14. Largest enzyme is (a) catalase (b) Peroxidase (c) rennin (d) ribozyme

Slide 54 : 14. Largest enzyme is (a) catalase (b) Peroxidase (c) rennin (d) ribozyme

Slide 55 : Catalase present in the peroxisomes of nearly all aerobic cells, serves to protect the cell from the toxic effects of hydrogen peroxide by catalyzing its decomposition into molecular oxygen and water without the production of free radicals. The mechanism of catalysis is as follows: 2 H2O2 -- 2 H20 + O2 The protein exists as a dumbbell-shaped tetramer of four identical subunits (220,000 to 350,000 kD).

Slide 56 : Peroxidase is the smallest enzyme Carbonic anhydrase is the fastest acting enzyme Lyzozyme is the slowest acting enzyme

Question 15 : Question 15

Slide 58 : 15. The enzyme responsible for dissolving blood clot in coronary artery is (a) Thrombokinase (b) Streptokinase (c) Hydrolases (d) lipases

Slide 59 : 15. The enzyme responsible for dissolving blood clot in coronary artery is (a) Thrombokinase (b) Streptokinase (c) Hydrolases (d) lipases

Slide 60 :

Question 16 : Question 16

Slide 62 : 16. In non competitive inhibition The enzyme gets hydrolysed completely (b) The enzyme becomes more active (c) The tertiary structure of enzyme is destroyed (d) The inhibitor does not block the active or any other site of enzyme

Slide 63 : 16. In non competitive inhibition The enzyme gets hydrolysed completely (b) The enzyme becomes more active (c) The tertiary structure of enzyme is destroyed (d) The inhibitor does not block the active or any other site of enzyme

Non competitive inhibition : Non competitive inhibition

Question 17 : Question 17

Slide 66 : 17. Enzyme bromelain is present in (a) guava (b) artificially produced tomato (c) transgenic dolly sheep (d) pineapple

Slide 67 : 17. Enzyme bromelain is present in (a) guava (b) artificially produced tomato (c) transgenic dolly sheep (d) pineapple

Bromelain is a mixture of sulfur-containing protein-digesting enzymes—called proteolytic enzymes or proteases—and several other substances in smaller quantities. The two main enzymes are stem bromelain and fruit bromelain : Bromelain is a mixture of sulfur-containing protein-digesting enzymes—called proteolytic enzymes or proteases—and several other substances in smaller quantities. The two main enzymes are stem bromelain and fruit bromelain Proteolytic enzyme, Bromelain

Question 18 : Question 18

Slide 70 : 18. Basis of classification of enzymes into different classes is type of (a) substrate reactions they catalyze type of end product none of the above

Slide 71 : 18. Basis of classification of enzymes into different classes is type of (a) substrate reactions they catalyze type of end product none of the above

Slide 72 : Classification of enzymes

Question 19 : Question 19

Slide 74 : 19.Thomas Cech and Sydney Altmann were awarded Nobel prize in 1989 for the discovery of (a) ribozoyme (b) isozyme (c) apozyroe (d) enzyme

Slide 75 : 19.Thomas Cech and Sydney Altmann were awarded Nobel prize in 1989 for the discovery of (a) ribozoyme (b) isozyme (c) apozyroe (d) enzyme

Slide 76 :

Question 20 : Question 20

Slide 78 : 20. Co-enzyme is a (a) mineral (b) Metal (c) organic compound (d) metallic ion

Slide 79 : 20. Co-enzyme is a (a) mineral (b) Metal (c) organic compound (d) metallic ion

Various vitamins acting as coenyzmes : Various vitamins acting as coenyzmes

Question 21 : Question 21

Slide 82 : 21. If an organism has 2n = 20. Then how many chromosomes will group at equatorial plate in metaphase I of meiosis (a) 20 (b) 40 (c) 10 (d) 80

Slide 83 : 21. If an organism has 2n = 20. Then how many chromosomes will group at equatorial plate in metaphase I of meiosis (a) 20 (b) 40 (c) 10 (d) 80

Slide 84 : Equatorial plate in metaphase

Question 22 : Question 22

Slide 86 : 22. Octomer of histones + I histone + DNA is called as nucleosome Centrosome Endosome chromosome

Slide 87 : 22. Octomer of histones + I histone + DNA is called as nucleosome Centrosome Endosome chromosome

Slide 88 :

Question 23 : Question 23

Slide 90 : 23.Separation of homologous chromatids in meiosis takes place at metaphase I anaphase I (c) metaphase II (d) anaphase II

Slide 91 : 23.Separation of homologous chromatids in meiosis takes place at metaphase I anaphase I (c) metaphase II (d) anaphase II

Slide 92 :

Question 24 : Question 24

Slide 94 : 24. Amino acid binding site in t-RNA is (a) DHU loop (b) anticodon loop (c) CCA 3' end (d) lump

Slide 95 : 24. Amino acid binding site in t-RNA is (a) DHU loop (b) anticodon loop (c) CCA 3' end (d) lump

Slide 96 :

Question 25 : Question 25

Slide 98 : 25. Human nucleus contains (a) 46 chromosomes of single stranded DNA (b) 46 chromosomes of double stranded DNA (c) 48 chromosomes of double stranded DNA (d) 44 chromosomes of double stranded DNA

Slide 99 : 25. Human nucleus contains (a) 46 chromosomes of single stranded DNA (b) 46 chromosomes of double stranded DNA (c) 48 chromosomes of double stranded DNA (d) 44 chromosomes of double stranded DNA

Slide 100 :

Question 26 : Question 26

Slide 102 : 26. Chiasmata is formed during (a) pachytene (b) diplotene (c) leptotene (d) zygotene

Slide 103 : 27. Chiasmata is formed during (a) pachytene (b) diplotene (c) leptotene (d) zygotene

Slide 104 :

Question 28 : Question 28

Slide 106 : 28. Centriole divides during (a) early prophase (b) early metaphase (c) late prophase (d) late metaphase

Slide 107 : 28. Centriole divides during (a) early prophase (b) early metaphase (c) late prophase (d) late metaphase

Slide 108 :

Question 29 : Question 29

Slide 110 : 29.During the first metaphase the centromere (a) undergo division (b) do not undergo division (c) divide and then separate (d) divide but do not separate

Slide 111 : 29. During the first metaphase the centromere (a) undergo division (b) do not undergo division (c) divide and then separate (d) divide but do not separate

Slide 112 :

Slide 113 :

Question 30 : Question 30

Slide 115 : 30. The movement of chromatids to in anaphase is approximately (a) I mm/minute (b) I mm/minute (c) I cm/ minute (d) I nm/min

Slide 116 : 30. The movement of chromatids to in anaphase is approximately (a) I mm/minute (b) I mm/minute (c) I cm/ minute (d) I nm/min

Slide 117 :

Question 31 : Question 31

Slide 119 : 31. Rate of mitosis is increased by (a) protein (b) Vitamin (c) Kinetin (d) ethylene

Slide 120 : 31. Rate of mitosis is increased by (a) protein (b) Vitamin (c) Kinetin (d) ethylene

Question 32 : Question 32

Slide 122 : 32. Heterogeneous RNA or formed during formation (a) t-RNA (b) g-RNA (c) m-RNA (d) r-RNA

Slide 123 : 32. Heterogeneous RNA or formed during formation (a) t-RNA (b) g-RNA (c) m-RNA (d) r-RNA

HnmRNA =Introns+Exons : HnmRNA =Introns+Exons

Question 33 : Question 33

Slide 126 : 33. Nucleolar organizer is (a) Primary constriction (b) Secondary constriction (c) Sat-chromosome (d) All the above

Slide 127 : 33. Nucleolar organizer is (a) Primary constriction (b) Secondary constriction (c) Sat-chromosome (d) All the above

Slide 128 : Nucleolar organizer

Question 34 : Question 34

Slide 130 : 34. Minimum number of meiotic divisions required to produce 400 wheat grains are (a) 400 (b) 425 (c) 500 (d) 1000

Slide 131 : 34. Minimum number of meiotic divisions required to produce 400 wheat grains are (a) 400 (b) 425 (c) 500 (d) 1000

Question 35 : Question 35

Slide 133 : 35. Amitosis is Division of nucleus with cytokinesis division of chromosomes with karyokinesis (c) cleavage of the nucleus without recognisable chromosome (d) all of the above

Slide 134 : 35. Amitosis is Division of nucleus with cytokinesis division of chromosomes with karyokinesis (c) cleavage of the nucleus without recognisable chromosome (d) all of the above

Amitosis : Amitosis

Question 36 : Question 36

Slide 137 : 36. Zipping or pairing or synapsis of homologous chromosomes is seen in (a) leptotene (b) synaptonemal complex (c) zygotene (d) pachytene

Slide 138 : 36. Zipping or pairing or synapsis of homologous chromosomes is seen in (a) leptotene (b) synaptonemal complex (c) zygotene (d) pachytene

Slide 139 :

Question 37 : Question 37

37. The exchange and rejoining of chromosome segments during crossing over is called : 37. The exchange and rejoining of chromosome segments during crossing over is called translocation transposition Translation transcription

Transposition : Transposition

Question 38 : Question 38

38. Lysosomes were (first) discovered by : 38. Lysosomes were (first) discovered by de Duve Palade (c) Porter (d) Claude

38. Lysosomes were (first) discovered by : 38. Lysosomes were (first) discovered by de Duve Palade (c) Porter (d) Claude Dr. Christian de Duve

Question 39 : Question 39

39. Nucleocytoplasmic traffic through nuclear pore is facilitated by : 39. Nucleocytoplasmic traffic through nuclear pore is facilitated by (a) protein nucleoplasmin (b) protein rhodopsin (c) nuclear lamina (d) lipid bilayer of cell membrane

Nuclear lamina : Nuclear lamina

Question 40 : Question 40

40. Besides nucleus, DNA is also present in : 40. Besides nucleus, DNA is also present in (a) mitochondrion outer surface (b) Golgi appartus (c) in perimitochondrial space (d) in mitochondrial matrix

Slide 154 :

Question 50 : Question 50

50. Quantasomes are found in : 50. Quantasomes are found in mitochondria chloroplasts (c) nucleus (d) lysosome

A Quantosome : A Quantosome

Question 51 : Question 51

51. An octamer of four histones complexed with DNA is called : 51. An octamer of four histones complexed with DNA is called centrosome mesosome (c) nucleosome (d) endosome

Slide 162 :

Question 52 : Question 52

52. A single mitochondrion is found in : 52. A single mitochondrion is found in Rhizopus Microsterias (c) Ulothrix (d) Nostoc

Green alga - Microsterias : Green alga - Microsterias

Question 53 : Question 53

53. An organelle shows a highly folded inner wall. Ultrasonic disruption of the organelle yeild fragments which are capable of synthesizing ATP. The organelle must be : 53. An organelle shows a highly folded inner wall. Ultrasonic disruption of the organelle yeild fragments which are capable of synthesizing ATP. The organelle must be (a) mitochondrion (b) chloroplast (e) ribsome (d) mitochondria and chloroplast

Slide 170 :

Question 54 : Question 54

54. Ribosomes were discovered by : 54. Ribosomes were discovered by Palade de Robertis (c) Golgi (d) Porter

Question 55 : Question 55

55. The enzymes for Kreb's cycle in mitochondria are located : 55. The enzymes for Kreb's cycle in mitochondria are located (a) on the outer membrane (b) on inner membrane (c) in the mitochondrial matrix (d) both b and c

Slide 177 : Succinic dehydrogenase is only firmly fixed on inner membrane of mitochondria

Question 56 : Question 56

56. Shortest phase of cell cycle is : 56. Shortest phase of cell cycle is (a) G 1 (b) S (c) G2 (d) M

Slide 181 :

Question 57 : Question 57

57. If DNA molecule has 18% C then % of A will be : 57. If DNA molecule has 18% C then % of A will be (a) 16% (b) 32% (c) 36% (d) 64%

Slide 185 :

Question 58 : Question 58

58. Cytochromes are found in : 58. Cytochromes are found in (a) matrix of mitochondria (b) cristae of mitchondria (c) lysosomes (d) outer wall of mitochondria

Slide 189 :

Question 59 : Question 59

59. Nucleoid is : 59. Nucleoid is (a) a single inactive nucleus which Is having double-stranded DNA and protein (b) a group of chromosomes associated with proteins (c) a nucleus without nuclear membrane and nucleolus (d) a chromosome associated with proteins

Slide 193 :

Question 60 : Question 60

60. The presence of DNA in mitochondria and chloroplasts supports the hypothesis that : 60. The presence of DNA in mitochondria and chloroplasts supports the hypothesis that (a) mitochondria and chloroplast have originated as independent free-living organisms (b) glycolysis occurs in both mitochondria and chloroplasts (c) ATP is produced in mitochondria as well as in chloroplasts (d) mitochondria and chloroplasts undergo meiosis and mitosis independent of nucleus

Slide 197 :

The End : The End