NET JRF sample Paper 3B

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Lets start the discussion : Lets start the discussion 1 Cellulose can be degraded by     Amylase    Cellulase    Protease    Pepsin Ans Cellulase cellulose: ?(1?4),high packing and H-bonding doesn’t coil. Three types of cellulase Endocellulase Exocellulase ß- glucosidase

Cellulose : Cellulose

Slide 6 : Model of cellulose-cellulase exoglucanase endoglucanase b-glucosidase NR R = glucose = cellobiose

Slide 7 : 2 Pyrodoxine is involved in the synthesis of     Thiamine    Niacin    Riboflavin    Ascorbic acid Ans Niacin FORMS Pyridoxine Pyridoxal Pyridoxamine Pyridoxal phosphate(PLP) Pyridoxine phosphate Pyridoxamine phosphate Specific reaction of PLP Transamination Decarboxylation Transulfhydration Desulfhydration Cleavage Racemization – interconversions of D and L amino acids Synthesis of heme, sphingolipids, Niacin, carnitine and taurine Glycogen degradation

Slide 9 : 06.2.3 9 3 Which saccharide is present in the bulbs of onion & garlic?     Rabinose    Raffinose    Stachyose    Scordose Ans Scordose

Slide 10 : 4 Carbohydrates are     Polyhydroxy derivatives of aldehydes    polyhydroxy derivatives of ketones    both    none Ans   both The formula for a carbohydrate is (CH2O)n

Slide 11 : 5 Vitamins are synthesized by     animals    green plants    non green plants    bryophytes Ans Animal and green plants (mainly plants) A compound is called a vitamin when it cannot be synthesized in sufficient quantities by an organism, and must be obtained from the diet. "vitamin" may refer to several vitamer compounds that all show the biological activity associated with a particular vitamin. Such as "vitamin A" which includes the compounds retinal, retinol, and many carotenoids.

Slide 12 : 6 Which of the following is not a ketose?     Glyceraldehyde    Xylulose    Ribulose    Fructose Ans Glyceraldehyde

Slide 13 : 7 Pentoses has the following empirical formula      C3H6O3    C4H8O4    C5H10O5    C6H12O6 Ans C5H10O5

Slide 14 : 8 Vitamin H is also known as     Tocopherol    Phylloquinone    Biotin    Niacin Ans Biotin  Biotin also known as vitamin H or B7, has the chemical formula C10H16N2O3S is a water-soluble B-complex vitamin helps to transfer carbon dioxide. biotinylation is the process of covalently attaching a biotin tag to a molecule or surface.

Slide 15 : 9 Fat soluble vitamins are stored in ___________ While water soluble are stored as_________     Skin, GIT    Liver, Coenzymes    Liver, kidney    Endocrine glands Ans Liver, Coenzymes Water soluble vitamins B and C are adsorbed in the intestinal cells and delivered directly to the blood stream. The kidneys filter out excesses of most water soluble vitamins and excrete them in urine. Fat -soluble vitamins are adsorbed with fat: micelles carry fat-soluble vitamins ad dietary fat are adsorbed. Chylomicrons containing fat-soluble vitamins are transported via the lymph to the bloodstream and evetually to the liver.

Slide 16 : 10 Why glucose is given to an energy deficient person?     Simplest of all sugars    Easily hydrolysable    Quickly absorbed    All Ans all Through glycolysis and ciric acid cycle , glucose is oxidised to CO2 and H2O, yielding energy in the form of ATP.

Slide 17 : 11 Waxes are esters of fatty acids &     Glycerol    Alcohol    Phosphoric acid    Nitrogenous compounds Ans Alcohol  1 Ester of saturated fatty acid & long chain alcohol, 14-30 carbons 2. Found in many plants & animals, protective coating, prevent water loss 3. Beeswax, carnauba wax, jojoba wax, lanolin, cerumen

Slide 18 : 12 Vitamin-A is     Fat Soluble    Water soluble    Both    None Ans Fat Soluble

Slide 20 : 13 Sugar + Dilute alkaline solution @ 37oC temperature yields     Esters    Enediols    Aldehydes    Hydroxyl groups Ans Enediols

Slide 21 : 14 The sources of Vitamin-C are     Green Vegetables    Citrus fruits    Pepper    all Ans all Vitamin C acts as an electron donor for eight different enzymes Two are necessary for synthesis of carnitine. Carnitine is essential for the transport of fatty acids into mitochondria for ATP generation. Vitamin C reacts with superoxide, preventing the damage

Slide 22 : 15 Oligosaccharides contain ____ monosaccharides     2-4    4-6    6-8    2-10 Ans 2-10

Slide 23 : 16 Molish reagent is     2% alpha naphthol in alcohol    3% alpha naphthol in alcohol     5% alpha naphthol in alcohol     4% alpha naphthol in alcohol Ans 5% alpha naphthol in alcohol    Molisch's Test is a sensitive chemical test for the presence of carbohydrates, based on the dehydration of the carbohydrate by sulfuric acid to produce an aldehyde, which condenses with two molecules of phenol (usually a-naphthol, though other phenols (e.g. resorcinol, thymol) also give colored products) resulting in a red- or purple-colored compound.

Slide 24 : 17 Tocopherol exists in     2 forms    3 forms    4 forms    5 forms ans 3 forms  E vitamin - tocopherol Different tocopheroles differs by localization of their methyl groups: ? - tocopheroles have methyl groups in 5,7,8 positions ? - 5,8 positions ? - 7,8 positions Being oxidized they form tocopheryl quinones

Slide 25 : 18 Stachyose is a     Monosaccharide    Disaccharide    Trisaccharide    Tetrasaccharides Ans  Tetrasaccharides Stachyose is a tetrasaccharide consisting of two a-D-galactose units, one a-D-glucose unit, and one ß-D-fructose unit sequentially linked as gal(a1?6)gal(a1?6)glc(a1?2ß)fru. Stachyose is naturally found in numerous vegetables (e.g. green beans, soybeans and other beans) and plants. Stachyose is not completely digestible by humans

Slide 26 : 19 The active form of Vitamin B1 is     Thiamine    Thiamine Pyrophosphate    Thiotic acid    Riboflavin Ans Thiamine Pyrophosphate TPP is coenzyme for all decarboxylations of ?-keto acids

Slide 27 : 20 The term "Vitamin " is given by     Funk    Magendie    Hans Kreb    Eijkman Ans Funk  Eijkman discovered the vitamin B1.

Slide 28 : 21 Trehalose is present in     Young Mushroom    Roots of Datura    Ocimum sanctum    Gingiber officinalis Ans Young Mushroom UDP-glucose+Glucose-6-phosphate Trehalose-6-phosphate Trehalose

Slide 29 : 22 Heparin contains     D-giucouronic acid    L-iduronic acid    N-sulfo-D-glucosamine    All Ans ALL Heparin is a heterogeneous mixture of unbranced polysaccharide chains Alternating monosaccharide units of L-iduronic acid and D-glucosamine One third of the polysaccharide chains contain a specific antithrombin binding pentasaccharide sequence

Heparin - the structure : Heparin - the structure

Slide 31 : 23 Good plant sources of choline are     Yeast    Mushroom    Green Leaves    Cereal grains Ans Cereal grains Widely available in foods, especially in egg yolks, legumes, whole grains and meats. A precursor of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine A component of many phospholipids Essential in metabolism

Slide 32 : 24 Monosaccharides on treatment with mild oxidising agent produces     Aldonic acid    Ketonic acid    Uronic acid    Saccharic acid Ans Aldonic acid Under mild conditions -> with cupric ion (Fehling’s solution) or Br2 -> oxidation of aldehyde group -> acid (aldonic acid)

Slide 33 : 25 Monosaccharides on treatment with a strong mineral acid results in     alcohol    Ester    Furfural    None Ans Furfural Many plant materials contain the polysaccharide hemicellulose, a polymer of sugars containing five carbon atoms each. When heated with sulfuric acid, hemicellulose undergoes hydrolysis to yield these sugars, principally xylose. Under the same conditions of heat and acid, xylose and other five carbon sugars undergo dehydration, losing three water molecules to become furfural: C5H10O5 ? C5H4O2 + 3 H2O

Slide 35 : 26 The hydrolysis of fats is accelerated by     Fe2+    Ca2+    Cu+    Co Ans Ca2+

Slide 36 : 27 Which Vitamin is designated as pure anti anaemia factor?     B4    B12    B6    K Ans B12

Slide 37 : 28 The term vitamin has been derived from     Vital amine    Vital amide    Vital acid    Vital aldehyde Ans Vital amine  The term vitamin is derived from the fact that the substances are needed for life (vita) and because thiamine happened to be an amine the term was coined . Not all vitamins are amines or nitrogen containing compounds

Slide 38 : 29 Which Vitamin constitutes NAD+ ?     B4    B12    B5    C Ans  B5  (pantothenic acid)

Slide 39 : 30 Hydrolysis of fats by alkalies into fatty acids & glycerol is called     Coagulation    Colloidal    Suspension    Saponofication Ans  Saponofication Glyceryl tripalmitate sodium palmitate

Slide 40 : 31 Brain glycolipids contain     D-glucose    D-xylulose    D-galactose    D-fructose Ans D-galactose Brain lipids Sphingolipids Sphingophospholipids Glycosphingolipids Gangliosides

Slide 41 : 32 The main circulating form of vitamin D in animals is     D1    D2    D3    D4 Ans D3 Cholecalciferol D3 (used more) Vit D2 Vit D3 ergosterol

Vitamin D Metabolism : Vitamin D Metabolism John Cannell and Bruce Hollis, Alternative Medicine Review Volume 13, Number 1 March 2008

Slide 43 : 33 Which is the most abundant carbohydrate in nature?     Starch    cellulose    Glycogen    Chitin Ans cellulose

Slide 44 : 34 The hemiacetal bond formation creates a new asymmetric centre at     C1 in ketose sugar    C1 in aldose sugar    C2 in ketose sugar    C1 in aldose sugar & C2 in ketose sugar Ans C1 in aldose sugar  & C2 in ketose sugar

Slide 46 : 35 Sugar alcohols of commercial importance are     Sorbitol    Sucrose    fructose    Starch Ans Sorbitol ( glucitol ), obtained by reduction of glucose changing the aldehyde group to an additional hydroxyl group, hence the name sugar alcohol.

Slide 47 : 36 Sucrose is`     Aldehyde    ketone    Both    None Ans none

Slide 48 : 37 90% of our food constitutes of     Carbohydrates    Fats    Proteins    Carbohydrates & proteins Ans Carbohydrates  & proteins

Slide 49 : 38 Starch contains     Amylose    Amylopectin    Both    None Ans Both

Slide 50 : 39 The deficiency of which vitamin causes megaloblastic anaemia     B1    Folic acid    B4    None Ans Folic acid

Slide 51 : 40 Which nutrient is called as "Indispensable accessory food factors"?     Proteins    Carbohydrates    Vitamins    Fats Ans  Vitamins

Slide 52 : 41 Starch, inulin & glycogen are examples of     Storage polysaccharides    Structural polysaccharides     Oligosaccharides     Monosaccharides Ans Storage polysaccharides

Slide 53 : 42 Why monosaccharides cannot be hydrolysed?     Has 1 Saccharide molecule    Is electrically neutral    Both    None Ans Has 1 Saccharide molecule

Slide 54 : 43 Which of the following statement about Vitamin-A is correct?     It is a yellow viscous oil     It is also called "Retinol"      Its chemical formula is C4H56     All Ans All

Slide 55 : A vitamin (retinol) activity in the vision process h? (the light) cis-Rhodopsin trans-Rhodopsin Transductin activation Phosphodiesterase activation cGMP level Opening of the ion channel decreases cGMP Activation of Recoverin Closing of Na/Ca level guanylatcyclase channel, hyperpola- increases risation of membrane (generation of the neural signal)

Slide 56 : 44 Agar is a     Homopolysaccharide    Heteropolysaccharide     Diasaccharide     Monosaccharide Ans Homopolysaccharide Agar is a polymer made up of subunits of the sugar galactose Agar polysaccharides serve as the primary structural support for the algae's cell walls.

Slide 57 : 45 Following does not produce osazone crystals     Maltose    Lactose    Sucrose    None Ans Sucrose

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