Slide1 : Created by Candace Pauchnick
Topic: English Vocabulary Quoted from Julius Caesar
Born: 102 BCE and assassinated on
the Ides of March (March 15th) 44 BCE I came, I saw, I conquered! March 15, 2006 Today you will conquer vocabulary!
Slide2 : Old, old, I’ve been told,
Has some value, worthy of gold! Our lesson here, of ancient pieces,
Will bring you wisdom, and be our thesis. Think of something old
in your life that has
been of value to you. Now, let’s see the gifts
of the ancient world
and find out how their
gifts have influenced us. Describe what it is and why it holds value to you. photos diaries
Slide3 : have in common with our
Slide4 :
Slide5 : Of our words in English are derived from Latin!
Slide6 : Yes!
Latin will help you understand
words. Plus is helps you to understand grammar: English, Spanish & French.
And literature, medicine, & law all use Latin words. By the end of this lesson you should be able to break words into elements, analyze the parts, then make an educated guess as to the meaning of the word. Why is this important?
It will help you on those SAT exams.
Slide7 : This lesson will cover: Learning what are English word elements such as affixes, prefixes, suffixes, and roots.
Learning what these word elements mean.
Learning how to break words into elements.
Learning how to decipher word elements to understand the meaning of the word.
Learning how to apply this procedure to understand new words.
Slide8 : Do you know the definition of a:
Slide9 : Definitions: Affix: A word element, such as a prefix or suffix, that can only occur attached to a base, stem, or root. Prefix: A word element that is attached to the front of a root. Suffix:A word element that is attached to the end of the root. Both Prefixes and Suffixes :
Usually cannot stand alone as a word.
Gives new meaning to the root to which they are attached to. Root: A word element that can sometimes stand alone as a word and the meaning is altered by a prefix and/or suffix. Now let’s see some examples....
Slide10 : Roots Examples for a root word: We have a mission to do well on our vocabulary S.A.T. Tests! The Latin root miss means “to send”. All the words below relate to the word send. 1.Commissioner, n. 2.Admissible, adj. 5.missile, n. 6.missive, n. 4.missionary, n. 3.submissive, adj. ___ a rocket or weapon sent through the air. ___ a person sent for a special task, usually religious. ___ a message sent through the mail. ___ yielding; obedient. ___ a person sent to meet with others to plan & make official decisions. ___ to allow to authorize Match the words to the definitions on your handout that matches this presentation.
Slide11 : Example Answers: How did you do on matching the words with the meanings? Check your answers: ___ a person sent for a special task, usually religious. ___ a message sent through the mail. ___ yielding; obedient. ___ to allow to authorize ___ a person sent to meet with others to plan & make official decisions. 5 ___ a rocket or weapon sent through the air. 6 2 4 3 1 1.Commissioner, n. 2.Admissible, adj. 3.submissive, adj. 4.missionary, n. 5.missile, n. 6.missive, n.
Slide12 : Prefixes Examples for Prefixes: The Latin prefix bene means “good, well”. See how this prefix changes the meaning of the root words to relate to something good or well. 1. Benefactor, n. 2.Beneficial, adj. 3.Benefit, n or v. The Latin prefix mal means “bad” and mis means “wrong”. See how these prefixes change the meaning of the root words to relate to something bad or wrong.. 1. Malefactor, n. 2.Malicious, adj. 3.Misfit, n Someone who does
good things. Someone who does
not fit in. Evil A criminal Something good. A worthwhile event or being helped.
Slide13 : Suffixes Examples for Suffixes: Suffixes change the meanings of the words. Here are some examples: 1. Jumped 2.Baked 3.Laughed “ed” makes the word in the past tense. “er” give a degree of comparison 1. newer 2. nicer 3. taller “ous” gives the meaning of being full of 1. joyous 2. marvelous 3. furious The next page shows a chart you will create to record word elements so you can refer to them later.
Slide14 : Lexicon on Graph = LOG Let’s begin your LOG chart! _________________________________________ Entire word &
Meaning Prenatal = coming in the next slide. Prefix & meaning Root & meaning Suffix & meaning _________________________________________ nat=birth pre = before al=relating to Set up this LOG chart to record these word elements as we
go through this unit. * Benefactor = A helpful
person bene = good Malefactor = A criminal mal = bad ed = make it past tense. Jumped = I jumped already. _________________________________________ _________________________________________ _________________________________________ _________________________________________
Slide15 : Now: Root: “nat” Prefix: “pre” Suffix: “ al” Now let’s see what these word elements are all about.
How does Latin relate to any of these items? Let’s look at the word: Prenatal Prenatal Prenatal Prenatal
Slide16 : Happy Birthday to you in Latin.
Laetus natalis, tibi.
Laetus natalis, tibi.
Laetus natalis, care (name)
(cara for female)
Laetus natalis, tibi. Now, let’s analyze the word
natalis.
What is the root?
What do you think it means? Please click on the speaker to find out who sang this wonderful song.
Slide17 : Were you right?
Here are the facts:
Natalis means birthday in Latin.
Nat is the Latin root and it means “birth”.
Question:
Does “nat” fit the definition of a “root”? Explain.
Next, let’s be creative:
Let’s put some elements together and see what we have.
Add the prefix “pre” meaning “before” to “nat”.
Now add the suffix “al” meaning “relating to” to “nat”.
What is the new word? Pre + nat + al (Prenatal)
What does it mean?
It means “before birth”. ? ? ?
Slide18 : Now let’s see some more words.
Here’s a new one:
Add the prefix “neo” meaning “new” to “nat”.
neo + nat
The actual spelling of the word is
neonate.
And it means new birth such as a newborn!
Slide19 : Now let’s add the suffix “ive”, meaning “directed towards” to the root “nat”.
Nat + ive
Write down your prediction of the definition of this word. Do you think you are correct? Now look “native” up in the dictionary & write the definition.
Were you correct? ? ?
Slide20 : You’re on your way to being a great Roman thinker! Now investigate these words with the root “nat”. Prefix:
in = not Suffixes:
al = relating to
ity = state of
uro = our
pathy = to experience, suffer Decode the meanings by connecting the definitions of the prefixes and suffixes to the root “nat” then analyzing in what way the meaning is changed. innate
natality
naturopathy Look up the words in the dictionary and write down the definition of each. How close did you come in your predictions? Write down your predictions of what each word means or relates to, and explain your reasoning.
Slide21 : Now let’s look at some SAT words! You will be supplied with lists of Latin root words, prefixes, and suffixes, including their meanings, for this next project. You are to decode them using the meanings of the roots, prefixes, and/or suffixes as you join these elements together to predict their definitions. Write your predictions for each word then look the word up in the dictionary. How close did you come? Here are 5 words:
1. anachronistic
2. provocative
3. tenacious
4. superfluous
5. venerable
Slide22 : You have learned how to predict what unfamiliar words mean by applying the definitions of affixes. You’ve entered the exciting world of word discovery and higher understanding of literature. You will also score higher on those SATs, too! Now you’re a great Roman thinker! Congratulations!
Slide23 : Latin roots, now I see,
How they help, you and me. As I break the words, into parts,
Then place them in, helpful charts. Affixes I see, are repeated here,
In many words, far and near. Knowing this, with root meanings too,
Will help me decipher, a word that’s new. So SATs, here I come,
Give me the challenge, it should be fun. Prenatal Prenatal Prenatal Prefix Preview Prepare Present Final Fin = end Exceptional Seasonal Lexicon = Lexi (of words) + con(with) = Dictionary
Slide24 : References:
The Merriam-Webster Unabridged Dictionary of
the English Language, 1976 by the G.&M. Merriam Co., Springfield, MA Claman, C., 10 Real SATs, 2000, College
Entrance Examination Board, New York Good, Peri. My Latin expert. Teaches Latin
at El Cajon Middle School in the Latin
Project. Kaplan, Dr. Jeff. My Linguist expert. Professor
of Linguistics, and Chair of the Linguistics
& Oriental Languages Department at San
Diego State University. (25 years) Vurnakes, C., Words on the Vine, 1998,
Instructional Fair, Grand Rapids, MI