M3.6 pdc+++ : M3.6 pdc+++ In natural systems plants & animals form a single system, where all organisms are closely inter-connected, & give each other mutual support.
But normally in systems that we humans have designed, animals are excluded or separated from their vital environment, so creating not only waste & pollution but also terrible conditions for animals & their exploitation.
In this class we explore how to learn from nature & design systems that re-weave the whole web of Life, so creating environments which are ideal for plants, animals & humans, as well as giving much greater abundance of well-being, richness & also production. of the M3.6 Animals An integral exploration
Wangari Maathai : Wangari Maathai "Until you dig a hole,
you plant a tree,
you water it
and make it survive,
you haven't done a thing.
You are just talking." ... and a tree needs
many cubic meters
of soil
rich in
organic matter
and millions of
bugs ... Kenia, April 1th 1940 -
September 25th 2011
Slide 3 : The Vegetarian Myth
Chickens & Tractors
Polyface Farm
Transhumance
Duck-Rice Farming
Some Surprising Foie Gras an integral exploration M3.5 ANIMALS
Slide 4 : The Vegetarian Myth
Chickens & Tractors
Polyface Farm
Transhumance
Duck-Rice Farming
Some Surprising Foie Gras an integral exploration M3.5 ANIMALS
Slide 5 : Leirre Keith
Writer, activist
Radical Feminist
One of the founders of Green Deep Resistance She made a deep study about the assumptions around agriculture, vegetarianism & saving the planet
Slide 6 : In its 2006 report, the United Nations said raising animals for food generates more greenhouse gases than all the cars and trucks in the world combined.
According to the UN Report, when emissions from land use and land use change are included, the livestock sector accounts for 9 per cent of CO2 deriving from human-related activities.
It can take up to 16 pounds of grain to obtain 1 pound of meat
.... All of this is true if we talk about
FACTORY FARMING See www.TheMeatrix.com
Slide 7 : But is adopting a vegetarian diet really a useful way to achieve sustainability? So if we want to keep the balance of the vital cycles, the comples web of life (and death) There is not such a thing as a “vegan” ecosystem We have to understand our patterns and belief systems
As well as be quite thorough in not ignoring evidence that clashes with our beliefs & emotions.
Slide 8 : Leavers Takers CREATE & ACCEPT
give thanks CONSUME & FORCE
complain Entitlement Pattern Responsability Pattern there is a GREAT
EMOTIONAL conflict
here
<<< >>> eat directly from the
perennial polycultures of their
region (they adapt to 'what there is') destroy perennial polycultures & replace them by agriculture based in annuals (they eat what 'they like')
Slide 9 : The regeneration of PERENNIAL POLYCULTURES is vital to stop the destruction: Loss of soils, Climate change, ... Jose will give a class on "Health Sovereignty" after class 3.7
Slide 10 : The Vegetarian Myth
Chickens & Tractors
Polyface Farm
Transhumance
Duck-Rice Farming
Some Surprising Foie Gras an integral exploration M3.5 ANIMALS
Animals provide Poo& other valuable services in an ecosystem : Animals provide Poo& other valuable services in an ecosystem "Good Poo, Bad Poo" article:
3.6 Animals in e-book "The fairest thing in nature, a flower,still has its roots in earth and manure."—D.H. Lawrence, English novelist, poet (1885-1930) "There is no doubt about it,
the basic satisfaction in farming is manure."
E.B. White, author of Charlotte's Web
Slide 12 : 'normal' gardening chickens pollute here imported 'guano' here
Slide 13 : Chicken Tractors
come in all shapes & sizes ...
... adapt to your system
Slide 14 : Fixed Structure Tractor Fixed compartments
The chickens move around
staying some time in each one
There is a fixed compartment with place to sleep, lay eggs, water, etc.
The rotation time depends on the number & size of the compartments & number of chickens
Slide 15 : parallel gardens tractor system
in Tagari Farm 1999
Slide 16 : one year later
Slide 17 : The Igloo Gardens Tractor of a dome or igloo shape that is moved from one place to another
A garden system of circular beds of mandalas
Rotation in infinity shape, moves every two weeks
12 beds, 24 weeks
(6 months) rotates
around all of mandala
Slide 18 : mandala gardens tractor system
in Tagari Farm, 1999
Slide 19 : one year later
Slide 20 : Use of Biological Resources
We use chickens as a tractor, instead of machines - best if tractor also made of recycled materials Each Element performs many Functions
The chickens are performing all of these functions: harvesting garden left-overs, fertilizing, pest & weed control, moving the earth, making compost and also give eggs, meat, feathers Relative Location
Chickens put in useful relation with the garden, they support each other's functions and needs Zones & Sectors Planning
Tractor & gardens are placed usually in Zone1, nearest the house or most frequented area Cicling Energy
Kitchen scraps go to the chickens who then produce shit & feathers which feeds the plants which grow in the garden, that we then eat, leaving scraps for the chickens... Natural Patterns
Circular gardens provide minimum paths for maximum growing area, we can maximize edge with 'keyhole' paths & mandala shapes, domes are naturally strong (egg-shape!) structures, use year / season pattern to design rotation
Slide 21 : Building an Igloo Very good use of old irrigation pipes, netting, recycled materials in general chickens like to sleep HIGH & dry
they need a DARK place to lay eggs
they love to scratch soil & need to eat
small stones for digestion, dust baths
& plentiful veggies, insects, other chickens ...
Slide 22 : Another type of Igloo
Slide 23 : many shapes will do ...
Slide 24 : give LOTS of high-carbon biomass to chickens to avoid nitrogen poisoning, over-acidic soil, foot or other diseases in chickens, ... and to provide lots of mulch for your future garden
Slide 25 : Javier Reyes Barroso, Tenerife has a chicken-coffee-worm 'tractor'
Slide 26 : The Vegetarian Myth
Chickens & Tractors
Polyface Farm
Transhumance
Duck-Rice Farming
Some Surprising Foie Gras an integral exploration M3.5 ANIMALS
Slide 27 : “Our mission is to create economically, ecologically and emocionally enhaced agricultural prototypes and facilitate their duplication troughout the world”
Joel Salatin
Slide 28 : The Chicken house during Spring: summer and autum, it's moved every 3 days
so the chickens have fresh “pasture” to graze in The Chicken house during Winter:
at the end of the Winter the greenhouse is ready to grow sweetcorn and tomato!
Slide 29 : There are multiple ponds around the Farm The Pigs spend a month a year in the forest Creating “temporary disturbances in the forest” that cause:
+ decomposition
+ carbon sequestration
+ soil creation
Slide 30 : In the same
Patch of Land
Slide 31 : There vision is to regenerate the
Rich ecosystem of graze-land and forest created by the
Native-americans centuries ago
Slide 32 : The Vegetarian Myth
Chickens & Tractors
Polyface Farm
Transhumance
Duck-Rice Farming
Some Surprising Foie Gras an integral exploration M3.5 ANIMALS
Slide 33 : Transhumance the seasonal movement of people with their livestock between fixed summer and winter pastures
Slide 34 : Summers in the
High Pastures
Slide 35 : in autumn
they descend again to the valleys
Slide 36 : Winter in the
Valleys hay, make compost for fields in spring, meat
(animals as 'banks')
Slide 37 : The Vegetarian Myth
Chickens & Tractors
Polyface Farm
Transhumance
Duck-Rice Farming
Some Surprising Foie Gras an integral exploration M3.5 ANIMALS
Slide 38 : The ducks eliminate most weeds, remove all harmful insects, and all the aquatic life it can catch
The ducks fertilise the rice
The ducks cultivate the rice producing a rich mulch around the rice plants The paddy provides weeds, insects, pests, snails, frogs and shelter for the ducks
The rice crop provides open range for the ducks
The rice provides bran and cracked grains for the ducks
Slide 39 :
Slide 40 : The Vegetarian Myth
Chickens & Tractors
Polyface Farm
Transhumance
Duck-Rice Farming
Some Surprising Foie Gras an integral exploration M3.5 ANIMALS
Slide 41 : Today's Foie Gras ("fat liver")
is produced by force-feeding ducks, geese ("gavage")
takes a few seconds (crop of geese can store a lot of food) but basically cruel the fatty livers are a great delicacy
appreciated from way bak in Ancient Egypt times banned in some cities,
chefs attacked
Slide 42 : Eduardo Souza grass
olives
acorn
figs
herbs
seeds "the goose whisperer" 1812
4 generations Dan Barber chef Ethical FoieGras
Slide 43 : Raises 1,000 geese each year
they roam freely
eat their fill of acorns and olives, figs, herbs, seeds, grass ...
the farm that replicates the wild as closely as possible
"If you convince them that they're not domesticated, their natural instinct takes over," he explains.
"When it turns cold and it's time for them to migrate, they start gorging to prepare for the long flight."
His FoieGras won France's Coup de Coeur award ("the Olympics of food").
"That," Sousa likes to say, "really pissed the French off." Fencing
"felt manipulated"
put current outside
- geese ate 20% more "my job is to give the geese
what they want" 50% figs & olives
Slide 44 : found lupin bush
planted on his farm
seeds turn livers
'radioactive yellow' his answer always "Nature"
even salt & pepper
are in the herbs Problem: colour
Slide 45 : a gift from God
with God saying: "you've done
good work" "Listening to Nature's operating instructions"
Janine Benyus (biomimicry)
Slide 46 : BUT
the most ecological choice for food
is also the most ethical choice
and
the most delicious General Motors mentality
extraction of resources
imposing solutions on Nature