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PDC+++ M2.9 Design Techniques IA

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Which design techniques do I have at my disposal & how do I know when to apply them? PART 1 of 2

There are a great number of design methods & it is important to choose those that are best suited to your particular circumstances & objectives.

In this class we look at some of those methods & talk about the criteria to take into account for their use.

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Class 2.9 of the PDC+++ : Class 2.9 of the PDC+++ Which design techniques do I have at my disposal & how do I know when to apply them? PART 1 of 2 There are a great number of design methods & it is important to choose those that are best suited to your particular circumstances & objectives. In this class we look at some of those methods & talk about the criteria to take into account for their use.

Class2.9 PDC+++ : Class2.9 PDC+++ Which design techniques do I have at my disposal & how do I know when to apply them? Design & Structures Pattern Language Planning for Real Future Histories Analytical Design PASE Observation Deduction from Nature Options & Decisions Data Overlays Random Assembly Flow Diagrams Zones & Sectors Incremental or Development

Slide 3 : PRINCIPLES ETHICS TECHNIQUES Share Surplus Put Limits on Population & Consumption Projects in Practice

Slide 4 : DESIGN An integrated functional, & conscious process a complex process

Design Frameworks : Design Frameworks General procedures (structures) Design Frameworks are SEQUENCES: they focus the designer on taking a SYSTEMATIC approach to the design

Slide 6 : Technologies, connections, structures … Legal aids, people, culture, commerce & finance ... Time, data, ethics Water, land, landscape, climate, plants… We have to take into account ALL types of components COMPONENTS

Slide 7 :

SADIM(from landscape arquitecture)(from landscape arquitecture)(from landscape arquitecture) : SADIM(from landscape arquitecture)(from landscape arquitecture)(from landscape arquitecture) Survey Asses (or Analyze) Design Implement Maintain (or Manage) Design frameworks

OBREDIMET (from industrial engineering) : OBREDIMET (from industrial engineering) Observe, Boundaries Resources Evaluate (or Examine) Design (choose strategies) Implement (strategies) Maintain Evaluate Tweak Design Frameworks

CEAP (from Permaculture)(from Permaculture)(from Permaculture) : CEAP (from Permaculture)(from Permaculture)(from Permaculture) Collect site information Evaluate the information Apply permaculture principles and produce a design Plan a schedule of implementation, maintenance, evaluation and tweaking Design Frameworks

Slide 11 : PRINCIPLES Ecology taken from the natural sciences: biology, chemistry, physics, etc. Attitude from our experience, philosophy, psychology, common sense, etc. Design from engineering, technical design architecture, IT, cybernetics, etc. M1 M3 M2

Slide 12 : 13 Which design techniques have you used up to now? (describe)

Slide 13 : Design Techniques Design Methods there are lots … … choose those most suitable for your situation

Slide 15 : FENG SUI

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Slide 18 : Christopher Alexander More than 250 different patterns to generate built environments that are more sustainable in all ways From a town center to a window Don't re-invent the wheel http://patternlanguage.com http://www.livingneighborhoods.org

Slide 19 : Ex: Schumacher College's ampliation project Using technical criteria on sustainability Using pattern language

Slide 21 : Métodos de diseño Planning for Real or Rapid Rural Appraisal

Slide 22 : DESIGN An integrated functional, & conscious process that takes into account ALL types of COMPONENTS

Slide 23 : PfR is a uniquely engaging ‘hands on’ process which, by using a 3D model as a focus, enables local people to put forward suggestions to “show” how an area can be improved, or to highlight specific problems.

Slide 24 : The 3D model is usually made by local residents, often children, on a scale of about 1:500, which means that details such as individual front doors are recognizable and familiar landmarks can be easily located. The model is lightweight and portable so it can easily be taken to the places where people naturally meet and gather.

Slide 25 : During the consultation exercise, the model is surrounded by ‘suggestion’ cards or flags, which have pictures on as well as words. Residents select cards, or write their own, and place these on the model to show what their needs are. These cards are colour-coded to enable people to see at a glance which are the main priorities and problems.

Slide 26 : Residents work in small groups, supported by the appropriate partner officer to review the 'suggestions' and decide priorities and possible options. This is achieved using NOW, SOON, LATER charts which enable residents to consider realistic timescales. Groups then develop an Action Plan by identifying the WHO and HOW, working together with experts and partners as appropriate.

Slide 27 : Rapid Rural Appraisal

Slide 28 : The tree of problems & solutions

Slide 29 :

Slide 30 : Examples of Venn diagrams (done by communities in the zone of Río Blanco, Nicaragua)

Slide 31 : Example of an ordering by preference between 6 crops (done by a community in South Microcuenca, Managua)

Slide 32 : Calendar of the agricultural - animal cycle in the community of Huayallas, Bolivia

Slide 34 : Design Methods Future Histories Future Search & Vision Designs

Slide 35 : ORDER CHAOS CONTROL DestructoCulture DestructoCulture PermaCulture caord Howard Odum - If a system receives more resource than that which it can use productively, the system falls in disorder. Bill Mollinson – forcing functions causes stress. Disorder consumes energy without benefit. << All type of facilitation is an attempt to reach this equilibrium

Slide 36 : Robert Fritz The Path of Least Resistance The Great Vision The future is not written! It has to be invented So better that it be well designed ...

Slide 37 : Transition Tales

Slide 38 : “Manual of Effective Meetings” Andy Langford & Jane Hera In our e-book www.permaculturescience.org M1.3

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Slide 46 : Analytic Methods SWOT = Analysis of the strong points, weak points, opportunities & challenges

Slide 47 : SWOT ANALYSIS D A F O

Slide 48 : PMI = specify the Plus, Minus & Interesting aspects of a situation + - int. situation ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Analytic Methods

Slide 49 : Needs Analysis = name each of the needs of an element & they way of satisfying them as locally as possible Analytic Methods

Slide 50 : Element Analysis = list the Needs, Products & Characteristics of the key elements of a design This will help us connect the needs of ones (inputs) with the products of others (outputs). The characteristics (or behaviors) help us know how an element can fit in different ways in the system (multiple functions) Analytic Methods