Slide 1 : THE NERVOUS SYSTEM
WHAT PARTS DO YOU KNOW THAT ARE IN THE NERVOUS SYSTEM? : Brain WHAT PARTS DO YOU KNOW THAT ARE IN THE NERVOUS SYSTEM? Spinal Cord Peripheral Nerves
What makes up the brain, the spinal cord or your peripheral nerves? : What makes up the brain, the spinal cord or your peripheral nerves? Neurons are “the cell”
Cell body
Nucleus
Axon
Dendrite
What do you think surrounds the cell?
What other organelles would be needed?
Slide 4 :
How are neurons connected? : How are neurons connected? Synapses!!
Why are neurons connected? : Why are neurons connected?
More neuron connections! : More neuron connections!
Slide 8 : AXON The synapse - where the action happens The next cell’s plasma membrane What is this in the membrane? Transport protein Close up look at your synapse
How does the Synapse carry the signal? : How does the Synapse carry the signal? 1. Electrical current travels down the axon
2. Vesicles with chemicals move toward the membrane - what is that called?
3. Chemicals are released and diffuse toward the next cell’s plasma membrane
4. The chemicals open up the transport proteins and allow the signal to pass to the next cell - what type of diffusion is this?
Slide 10 : 1 2 3 4 The synapse carries a signal from cell to cell
There are lots of proteins and chemicals in your body to do the work : There are lots of proteins and chemicals in your body to do the work Why is it important that it is an electrical current?
Are all neurons equal in size? : Are all neurons equal in size? Brain vs spinal cord vs peripheral nerves? About how many neurons are in the human brain? 100 billion 1 billion around 15 feet About how many neurons are in the spinal cord? How long do you think the longest axon in the world is?
Slide 13 : How many synapses are in one neuron? 1,000 to 10,000!!
This science is called Neurobiology : This science is called Neurobiology Looking at the actual cells - how do they work?
Looking at the connections - how and when do they work?
Looking at what can change normal cells and connections
Looking at diseases that occur in the brain
One of the largest areas still unknown
The you that is you is because of your neurons connecting!
What do you think can change neurons and their connections? : What do you think can change neurons and their connections? Accidents
Drugs
Alcohol
Disease
Accidents : Accidents Physical injury of your neurons
Slide 17 : Drugs and alcohol bind important receptors on neurons
Slide 18 : Repeated binding causes the neuron to die
Slide 19 :
Drugs = neuron death : Drugs = neuron death
Alcohol damages dendrites - can repair after abstinence : Alcohol damages dendrites - can repair after abstinence Alcohol blocks receptors and slows down transmission
Slide 22 : Parkinson's Disease
ALS - Lou Gehrig’s Disease
Huntington’s Disease
Multiple Sclerosis
Alzheimer's
Cerebral Palsy
Epilepsy
? SIDS
Slide 23 : 100 Billion or so neurons - what’s the problem with some of them dying? Cells multiply all the time - will your neurons?
Does everyone react the same way to accidents, or drugs and alcohol?
Do all organisms react the same to all stimulus?
Which of your activities use your neurons?
Slide 24 : What if neurons die here? or here or here or here or here
Neurobiology Activities and Labs : Neurobiology Activities and Labs What Does Your "Homunculus" Look Like? (www.accessexcellence.org/AE/AEPC/WWC/1991/homunculus.html)
Effect of Environment on Memory (http://www.accessexcellence.org/AE/AEC/AEF/1996/brown_memory.html)
Taste Activity (http://yucky.kids.discovery.com/flash/fun_n_games/activities/experiments/experiment_truly_tasteless.html)
A healthy brain? - Caffeine activity (http://www.pfizer.com/brain/teachers_html.html)
Pillbug behavior Lab - (http://www.udel.edu/msmith/pillbugs.html)
REFERENCES : REFERENCES http://faculty.washington.edu/chudler/facts.html
http://occawlonline.pearsoned.com/bookbind/pubbooks/campbell6e_awl/chapter0/deluxe.html
JOSHSANESPPT.PPT
www.alfamilyties.org/presentations/The%20Neurobiology%20of%20Adolescent%20Substance%20Abuse%20II.ppt
http://www.nsbri.org/Education/High_Act.html
http://www.pfizer.com/brain/teachers_html.html
http://www.research.buffalo.edu/quarterly/vol10/num01/n1.shtml
http://www.aim-digest.com/gateway/pages/brain/articles/myths.htm
http://www.nida.nih.gov/pubs/teaching/Teaching5/Teaching3.html
http://www.accessexcellence.com/AE/
http://psych.colorado.edu/~kenth/Image14.gif