Culture : All the things that make up a persons entire way of life
Born into culture
Taught by parents Culture
Social Organization : Family
-most important unit of culture
-all cultures built around families
-still the basis of society today Social Organization
Type of Families : Nuclear Family
-Dad, mom and the kids
Extended Family
--several generations in one household Type of Families
What are the other type of families have you come up with in your group discussion? : Blended Family
a social unit consisting of two previously married parents and the children of their former marriages
Single Parent Family
parent who cares for one or more children without the assistance of another parent in the home What are the other type of families have you come up with in your group discussion?
Slide 5 : Polygamy family
the marriage of a male or female to more than one person at a time possibilities for numerous children half siblings and full blooded siblings
Foster Parent Family
A family having at least one foster child
Same-sex couples Family
legally or socially recognized marriage between two people of the same sex
Types of Authority : Patriarchal—men have authority
Matriarchal—women have authority
Equalitarian-shared authority Types of Authority
Slide 7 : Statistics of changes in family
In 2000 23.5 percent of American households were made up of a nuclear family(Beam 2005)
26 percent of all households are made up of a single person living alone (Beam 2005)
2002 woman’s first marriage is 27 which is down five years compared to 1980 (Beam 2005)
69 percent of children today live with two married parents (Fields 2003)
23 percent live with a single mother (Fields 2003
5 percent live with a single father (Fields 2003)
4 percent have neither parent present (Fields 2003)
Blended families require four to seven years to be considered strong (Papernow 1993)
2. Customs and TraditionsRules of Behavior : Minor Rule Major Rule 2. Customs and TraditionsRules of Behavior
3. Language—cornerstone of a Culture : Without language you cannot pass on culture
Giving up your language is losing a part of your culture 3. Language—cornerstone of a Culture
4. Arts and Literature : Strengthens a cultures identity
Makes people feel proud of their culture 4. Arts and Literature
Examples: folk tales, music, art, movies : Examples: folk tales, music, art, movies
5. Religion : Answers a cultures questions to the meaning and purpose of life: Also teaches basic values 5. Religion
Different theories to God : Monotheism
1 God Polytheism
Many Gods Different theories to God
6. Government—based on code of laws : Democracy
People have the power, government by the peoples consent
Republic
People choose leaders to represent them Dictatorship
Power by force 6. Government—based on code of laws
Examples of Democratic countries : Examples of Democratic countries
Examples of Dictatorships : Examples of Dictatorships
7. Economic System : How people use limited resources to satisfy their needs and wants
The ability to produce and distribute goods and services 7. Economic System
Questions an economy must ask : What to make
How to make it
For whom should it be made for Questions an economy must ask
Traditional Economy : To produce what you need to survive (Farmers, hunter gatherers) Traditional Economy
Market Economy : Business based, produce and sell goods to make money
Individuals make decisions
Prices change according to changes in supply and demand for the products Market Economy
Command Economy : Government controlled Command Economy
Mixed Economy : Individual and government make decisions
The U.S. is a mixed economy Mixed Economy
HOW CULTURES CHANGE : 4 causes of cultural change HOW CULTURES CHANGE
1. Technology : Skills and tools people use 1. Technology
2. Environment : When physical surrounding change FIRST, then the culture changes in reaction to adapt 2. Environment
3. New Ideas : When the idea of how we should behave changes and then the culture changes to fit this new belief 3. New Ideas
4. Diffusion : Movement of ideas or customs from one place to another
Peacefully or through War
One of the MOST IMPORTANT causes of cultural changes 4. Diffusion
RATE OF CHANGE : Was SLOW for thousands of years
Now it’s fast because of TECHNOLOGY
Increased contact between cultures RATE OF CHANGE
KEY TERMS : Acculturation: Combining different cultures resulting in a new blended pattern
Assimilation: Becoming more like the dominant society, give up your old culture in order to “fit in” KEY TERMS
Subculture: Group of people within a society who share certain belief, values and customs : Subculture: Group of people within a society who share certain belief, values and customs Nationality: Identity based on a persons country or birth of country of citizenship
Race : A group of people who share some physical features, such as skin color or eye shape Race
Racism : Belief that one racial group is superior to another Racism
Anti-Semitism : Hatred toward Jews, prejudicial belief in the “racial” or religious inferiority of Jews Anti-Semitism
Slide 34 : Bigotry-An unreasonable and stubborn attachment to negative stereotypes or prejudices; a zealot or fanatic is called a bigot
Stereotype—A negative or limiting preconceived belief about a specific group that is applied to all members of that groupe
Genocide : The deliberate and systematic destruction of a racial, political, or cultural group. Also termed “ethnic cleansing” Genocide
Ethnocentrism : Judge other cultures by the standards of your own, the belief that one’s culture is best Ethnocentrism
Prejudice : Prejudging a person based on the group he or she is classified in Prejudice
Three levels of Prejudice : Affective—feeling
Cognitive-- thought often a stereotype
Behavioral– action, once act upon prejudice it becomes discrimination
Ex. Racism, ageism, sexism, etc…. Three levels of Prejudice
Institutional Racism : Unintentional and often an in oblivious system in a society that shows preference to or disregard for certain races Institutional Racism
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