Lesson 19 - Notes and Exercises

The Mudaaf Case The mudaaf can be in any of the three cases i.e. marfoo’, mansoob or majroor. Examples: The imam of the mosque came - جَاءَ إمَامُ المَسْجِدِ I saw the imam of the mosque - رَأَيتُ إمَامَ المَسْجِدِ I greeted the imam of the mosque - سَلَّمتُ عَلى إمَامِ المَسْجِدِ Definiteness Whether the mudaaf is definite or not depends on the definiteness of the mudaaf ilaih. Examples: The book of the boy / The boy’s book - كِتَابُ الوَلَدِ A book of a boy / A boy’s book - كِتَابُ وَلدٍ Dual and Plural When the mudaaf is a dual or sound masculine plural word, the noon that is usually at the end falls away. Examples: The two doors of the house - بَابَا البَيتِ The children of Israel - بَنُو إِسرَائِيل Note The idaafah construction doesn’t always give the meaning of possession. Examples: Beneath the tree - تَحْتَ الشَّجَرَةِ Above them - فَوقَهُم All food - كُلُّ الطَّعَامِ A thousand months - أَلفُ شَهرٍ A bedroom - غُرفَةُ نَومٍ Exercise تَمْرِينٌ Question 1 Translate to English. (١ نِعْمَةُ اللهِ (٢ كُلُّ نَفْسٍ (٣ يَومُ البَعْثِ (٤ شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ (٥ بَيْنَهُم (٦ أَصْحَابُ النَّارِ (٧ نِسَاؤُكُم (٨ رِزْقُ رَبِّكَ (٩ آثَارُ رَحْمَةِ اللهِ Question 2 Translate to Arabic. Allah’s creation The children of Adam The keys of the unseen My book The doors of the sky The fire of Jahannam The punishment of eternity The seal of the Prophets The angel of death Question 3 Identify the mudaaf and the mudaaf ilaih. Then translate them. (١ قُتِلَ أَصْحَابُ الأخْدُودِ (85: 4) (٢ يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنَّ وَعْدَ اللَّهِ حَقٌّ فَلا تَغُرَّنَّكُمُ الْحَيَاةُ الدُّنْيَا وَلا يَغُرَّنَّكُمْ بِاللَّهِ الْغَرُورُ (35: 5) (٣ إِنَّ شَرَّ الدَّوَابِّ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ الصُّمُّ الْبُكْمُ الَّذِينَ لا يَعْقِلُونَ (8: 22) (٤ لَهَا سَبْعَةُ أَبْوَابٍ لِكُلِّ بَابٍ مِنْهُمْ جُزْءٌ مَقْسُومٌ (15: 44) (٥ وَقَالُوا أَسَاطِيرُ الأوَّلِينَ اكْتَتَبَهَا فَهِيَ تُمْلَى عَلَيْهِ بُكْرَةً وَأَصِيلا (25: 5) (٦ وَلِلَّهِ مُلْكُ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالأرْضِ وَإِلَى اللَّهِ الْمَصِيرُ (24: 42) (٧ وَمَا أَرْسَلْنَا قَبْلَكَ إِلا رِجَالا نُوحِي إِلَيْهِمْ فَاسْأَلُوا أَهْلَ الذِّكْرِ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ لا تَعْلَمُونَ (21: 7) (٨ وَمِنْ ثَمَرَاتِ النَّخِيلِ وَالأعْنَابِ تَتَّخِذُونَ مِنْهُ سَكَرًا وَرِزْقًا حَسَنًا إِنَّ فِي ذَلِكَ لآيَةً لِقَوْمٍ يَعْقِلُونَ (16: 67) (٩ وَإِذَا بُشِّرَ أَحَدُهُمْ بِالأنْثَى ظَلَّ وَجْهُهُ مُسْوَدًّا وَهُوَ كَظِيمٌ (16: 58) Extra: 1) Open the Qur’an and see how many idaafah constructions you can identify. Note: Called ( إِضَافَةٌ ) for short مُضَافٌ وَ مُضَافٌ إِلَيْهِ Possession اللهِ is the mudaaf ilaih كِتَابُ is the mudaaf Example: كِتَابُ اللهِ The Book of Allah / Allah’s book Comes second Is majroor Comes first Has neither tanween (ـًـٍـٌ) nor (ال ) مُضَافٌ إِلَيْهِ The Possessor مُضَافٌ The Thing Possessed Used to indicate possession Consists of two parts: