social institutions

Social Institutions : Education and Religion Social Institutions

Social Institutions : Social Institutions What are institutions Organized patterns of beliefs and behavior that are centered on the fulfillment of basic human needs. How are they different than organizations NRA - Voluntary Education – Non-voluntary

Examples of Social Institutions : Examples of Social Institutions Education* Religion* Medicine Marriage Government Family Economy

Cultural Universals : Cultural Universals Social Institutions are cultural universals and satisfy needs of a society Usually are expressed in an unique form based on native culture Marriage Divorce Education Medicine

Functionalist POV : Functionalist POV Institutions are the foundations of society The columns of society Society Marriage and Family Education Religion Medicine

5 components of institutions : 5 components of institutions Replace personnel Teaching new recruits Producing and Distributing Goods Preserving Order Sense of Purpose

Conflict POV : Conflict POV Agree with Functionalist, institutions perform functions, but perform them for who. Institutions are too conservative and do not change fast enough to keep up with society Institutions are a portrait of societies “isms” Institutions are designed to fulfill the ideology of the dominant class Hegemony – Antonio Gramsci

Interactionist POV : Interactionist POV Interactionism focus on the behavior between individuals within institutions Institutions alter our relationships and generate roles and statuses Institutions create and establish roles for individuals to occupy Guidelines give us boundaries

Institutions : Institutions Macro level Functionalist – needed to support the needs of society Conflict – work to improve the lives of the dominant class, slow to change Micro level Interactionists – established roles and behaviors set up by institutions which guides our behavior

Slide 10 : Institution of Education

Functional POV : Functional POV Socialization Learn the norms and values of the large society Cultural Innovation Develop new technologies and ideas for society as a whole Genetic engineering Social Integration People from differing backgrounds come in contact Merging of different cultures

Functional POV : Functional POV Social Placement Education places us in order based on our skills and talents Latent Functions Manifest Functions Cynical POV Warehouse for the unemployed

Conflict POV : Conflict POV Institution of education does not function equally for everyone Standardization as a whole Not everyone learns at the same pace One standard for everyone does not work Funding in disproportionate

Race and Education : Race and Education

Education and Income : Education and Income

Interactionist POV : Interactionist POV How do children create relationships in school Impressions of the school we attend Name of school Our behavior and attitudes change as our level of education changes Our level of education affects our quality of life More education = better quality of life

Education and Quality of Life : Education and Quality of Life Highest Education Level Achieved Annual Income (1999) Professional Degree $109,600 Doctoral Degree $89,400 Master's Degree $62,300 Bachelor's Degree $52,200 Associate Degree $38,200 Some College $36,800 High School Graduate $30,400 Not High School Graduate $23,400

Lifetime Income : Lifetime Income Highest Education Level Achieved Lifetime Income (40 years) Bachelor's Degree $1,667,700 Associate Degree $1,269,850 High School Graduate $994,080 Not High School Graduate $630,000

Education and Unemployment : Education and Unemployment With more education, it is less likely that you will become unemployed Non-High school – 6.5% High School – 3.5% Associates – 2.3%

Slide 20 : Sociology of Religion

Religion : Religion Institution of Religion Cultural Universal Various expressions of religion throughout all cultures Unified system of beliefs and practices relative toward sacred things Emile Durkheim

Stats from around the world : Stats from around the world Christianity – 2.1 billion Buddhist – 376 million Hinduism – 900 million Islamist – 1.3 billion Judaist – 14 million Secular – 1.1 billion Scientologists – 500,000

Slide 23 :

Functionalist : Functionalist Integration and solidarity – Durkheim Religious bonds tie people together Provides meaning and support to its members Purpose in life Salvation – religion’s product Foundations for Community Meeting ground for individuals

Functionalist con’t : Functionalist con’t Social control function of religion Religious norms become sacred in society Religious participation also inhibits and discourages behavior that violates norms Religion also encourages helpful, friendly behavior

Conflict POV : Conflict POV Religion is the opiate of the masses Marx believed that religious beliefs are based on illusions The idea of salvation eases people view of their situation Religion gives people something to hold on to, intangible that can not be bought

Conflict POV : Conflict POV Attempts to control people and limit their decision making Biased towards dominant class Harris County 2004 Bible in front of courthouse Impedes social change Hope of salvation discourages discontent

Interactionist POV : Interactionist POV How we practice our beliefs Interaction between the church and its members Interaction between religions and their members Patterns and Changes of religious behavior Traditions and ceremonies within our culture Christmas and Easter

Religion in the US : Religion in the US Christian – 83% (1990), 79%(2001) Catholic – 26% (1990), 25% (2001) Other – 61% (1990), 54% (2001) Other -- 3.5%(1990), 5.4%(2001) Jewish, Muslim, Buddhist, Hindu Atheist, Agnostic – 8.4% (1990), 15% (2001)

Mega churches : Mega churches Refers to any congregation with a sustained average weekly attendance of 2000 persons or more in its worship services. 60% located Texas, Florida, Georgia, and California Korea 5/10 top mega churches in the world 250,000 a week

Churches around the U.S. : Churches around the U.S.

Mega churches con’t : Mega churches con’t Mega churches tend to grow to their great size within a very short period of time, usually in less than ten years, and under the tenure of a single senior pastor. Nearly all mega church pastors are male, and are viewed as having considerable personal charisma Lakewood Church – 30,000 members

Houston’s own Mega Preacher : Houston’s own Mega Preacher

Mega churches : Mega churches City Harvest Church Singapore Titanium Clad – $27 million Houston, TX Lakewood Church

Slide 35 :

Institutions : Institutions Macro level Functionalist – needed to support the needs of society, works for the good of everyone Conflict – work to improve the lives of the dominant class, slow to change Micro level Interactionists – established roles and behaviors set up by institutions which guides our behavior