Easy Multiplication for students

Arithmetical Calculation Multiplication By ‘ NIKHILAM SUTRA’ I want to draw the attention of all students of mathematics to the well known fact that we are taught to remember by heart the multiplication table from 1 till 20. This becomes quite cumbersome and because of this some of the students so not like math’s or they think that they do not have the required aptitude and intelligence. But on the contrary, this is not the fact. In Vedic Mathematics if you know the Multiplication table from 1 to 5 , I am sure that by practically understanding it,( of course with patience ) , can improvise all the necessary multiplications involving bigger multiplicands and multipliers, with the aid of the relevant simple Vedic formulae which will enable anybody to get at the required products, very easily and speedily. Let us first take up a very easy and simple illustatrative example, i.e , the multiplication of a single digit number above 5 and see how this can be done without the previous knowledge of the higher multiplications of the multiplication-tables. Here we will use Simple vedic formulae called sutras in Sanskrit. The sutras reads Nikjilam Navatascaramam Dastah , which translated, means “ all from 9 and the last from 10 “. Example 1. Suppose we have to multiply 9 by 7. We should take base for our calculations, that power of 10 that is nearest to the numbers to be multiplied. In this case 10 itself is the power. Put the numbers 9 and 7 above and below on the left hand side ….. 9 7 Subtract each of them from base ( in this case 10 ) and write down The remainders 1 and 3 on the right hand side with a connecting minus sign (-) between them, to show that the numbers to be multiplied are both less than 10 Now the left hand side of the digit ( of the answer ) can be arraived at in any of the following ways. ( I am just giving 2 ) Cross subtract deficieny 3 on the second row from the original 9 in the first row. The answer is (9-3) = 6. Cross subtract in the converse way ( i.e 1 from 7 ) . The answer is (7-1) = 6. Now vertically multiply the two deficit figures 1 and 3 . The product is 3 . And this is the right hand side of the answer. Base : 10 9 – 1 * 7 – 3 6 /3 = 63 Ans. Example 2. 8 * 8 8 – 2 * 8 – 2 6/4 = 64 Ans. Example 3 . 9 * 8 9 – 1 * 8 – 2 7/2 = 72 Ans Now a slight difference will occur when the product of the deficit digits yields more than two digits. In this case , we just have to apply our mind and take it as a carry and add it to its left side digit, Example 7 * 6 = ? 7 – 3 * 6 – 4 3/ 12 Now because the right hand side consists of 2 digits i.e 12 , we will take 1 as a carry and add it to 3 . So the answer becomes (3+1) /2 = 4/2 = 42. Lets take another example. 8 * 5 = ? 8 – 2 * 5 -5 3/10 The answer is (3+1 ) /0 = 4/0 = 40 . Note. The sign / is not a division sign but it is used to differentiate from the left part and the right part. .