Analogy based Questions: Theory and Practice for GRE & CAT(Online Class) : ONLINE CLASS By:
Satyadhar Joshi
Feb 2011
Email:shivgan3@yahoo.com
Over 100 analogies covered in this presentation
For getting the presentation kindly email me or check the tutorials Analogy based Questions: Theory and Practice for GRE & CAT(Online Class)
Contents of Plan : Contents of Plan Introduction
Types of links and probabilities
When you don’t know
Practice Level Session
Examples
Analogy bible from Big book ETS
References
Key concepts : Key concepts Before looking at answer think of the short sentence that makes the relationship
Example Fish : School, here the group of fish is called a school ; Club: golf, (Club is used to play Golf)
Types of relations
Eliminate choices with no relationship (imp:brahmastra)
Watch for eye catchers
Use part of speech for the words
You can reverse the words or carefully make your own sentences (stem)
Conjecture is an important skill
Use 30-50 seconds, don’t be over-fast
Types of Analogy : Types of Analogy Synonyms & Antonyms
Member and class
Degree of intensity (stronger, harsher, or more in degree)
Part of whole
Definition
Lack of
Manner of
Function
Action & significance
Pertaining to
Different connotation
Worker and action & worker and workplace Page 400-450, From Book: GRE Nova
Constrains of the Examiner : Constrains of the Examiner He cannot give any other relation than the 10
Relation should be strong
Answer should be non controversial
Two basic themes are antonyms and synonyms
The answer or the brahm-astra we have is the “Power of Elimination”
Even if we don’t know the meaning then also we have to use POE carefully as we cannot skip the question and our slightest of idea about the words can benefit us
When you don’t know the meaning : When you don’t know the meaning How to guess?
There are few relationship which are common
My personal estimates are that 70% of analogy are antonym & synonym based
Verb vs Verb & Adj vs adj
Collection or grouping : Collection or grouping Philately: stamp ( collector of stamps)
Numismatics: coin ( collector of coins)
Secondary meanings : Secondary meanings Pan: camera ( pan in very means rotating a camera) Page70; Book: GRE Barron's
Determination of word’s part of speech : Determination of word’s part of speech Sap: vitality :: drain : resolve
More examples of guessing: Practice : More examples of guessing: Practice Cloyed: Jaded::
A) Circumscribed: trifling
B) Insatiable: cormorant
C) Effeminate: conscientious
D) Rectilinear: graceful
E) Penurious: fatuous
Answer : Answer Correct answer is B
Type of question: Synonyms
Elimination of irrelevant answers
Secondary meaning of Cormorant is greedy
Practice Session : Practice Session Draconian: coercion ::
Insouciant: resplendence
Munificent: philanthropy
Blatant: concealment
Submissive: consequent
Spent: existence Page 400-450, From Book: GRE Nova
Answer : Answer Correct answer is B
Type of question: Property
Elimination of irrelevant answers
Draconian has strict and coercive rules, similarly munificent has philanthropic behavior
Degree question : Degree question Resolute : Will::
Violent : peaceful
Fanatic : concern
Balky : contrary
Notorious : infamy
Virtuous : wholesome Page 400-450, From Book: GRE Nova
Answer : Answer Answer is B
Power of elimination can be applied
Possible relation exploration
Resolute means very strong willed, fanatic means very strong concern
Degree Question : Degree Question Saturate : Dampen ::
Contaminate : pollute
Besmirch : sully
Extol : praise
Waive : donate
Pronounce: presume Page 400-450, From Book: GRE Nova
Answer : Answer Answer is C
Saturate is to dampen thoroughly, similar to extol is to praise highly
Degree check
Relation
Don’t get confused in synonyms and antonyms
Example of Worker & Tool : Example of Worker & Tool Welder : Torch
Carpenter : file
Farmer : plow
Printer : binder
Painter : roller
Sailor : compass Page 400-450, From Book: GRE Nova
Answer : Answer Answer is C
Welder uses a torch, printer uses binder
POE
A & S
Spatial order questions : Spatial order questions Epilogue : story
Postscript : Epistle
Preface : Manuscript
Foundation : ground
Title : cognomen
Alphabet : missive Page 400-450, From Book: GRE Nova
Answer : Answer Epilogue comes as a summary towards the end of a story, similarly postscript comes at end of Epistle
Hence answer is A
Use elimination
Depict all possible reason when not sure about meaning
Tough questions : Tough questions Hector : Equanimity
Quicken : cognition
Harass : contravention
Affirm : scruple
Deviate : Itinerary
Maraud : locality Page 400-450, From Book: GRE Nova
Answers : Answers Hector, the word comes from a roman hero of the famous Trojan war.
Hector is to intimidate, whereas equanimity is calmness of mind
Now affirm means assert, and scruple means misgivings or doubt
Hence the correct answer is C
This is a tough question where B is the eye catcher
Also notable is the importance of Greek based words
Another tough one : Another tough one Peccadillo : Flaw ::
Mediator : dispute
Grammar : error
Nick : Score
Forensic : judiciary
Invasion : putsch Page 400-450, From Book: GRE Nova
Answer : Answer Ans C
Peccadillo is a small flaw likewise nick is small score
Here Error is the eye catcher
Be careful in these questions
Vocabulary for Tough Questions : Vocabulary for Tough Questions Limp is to walk unevenly similarly stutter is to walk unevenly
Awl is used to pierce, similarly pestle is used to mash
Splint is used to reduce mobility, similarly is used to reduce friction
Reticent is one who talks less, abstemious is one who doesn’t gorge himself
Curator is person who collects or hold many paining, similarly the librarian holds a collection of books
Astrolabe is a nautical instrument, similarly colander is a culinary instrument (Engineering)
To complain a lot is called carp, similarly to drink a lot is called guzzle
Filigree is twisted wires, similarly lace is twisted thread (clothes)
Corral is collection of horse, similarly coop is collection of chicken Page 2-5, Analogy Bible
Vocabulary for Tough Questions : Vocabulary for Tough Questions Painter paints on canvas to make his painting, similarly sculptor uses marble to make the statue (Art renaissance)
Fresco is a painting on wall, similarly parquetry is painting on floor (Renaissance)
Alcove: recess :: dome : roof
Doggerel is poor verse, burlesque is poor plat (arts)
Peroration is ending speech, coda is end of sonata (Literature poems)
Embroider is design on clothing, likewise chase is design on/using metals (clothes and arts)
Tourniquet is used to check flow of blood, like dam checks river (medical term)
Grow : burgeon :: beat : palpitate
Epitaph is inscription on tombstone :: motto is on shield
Simper is irritating smile, babble is senseless talk Page 6-9, Analogy Bible
Vocabulary for Tough Questions : Vocabulary for Tough Questions Egg chicken :: roe salmon
Embellish : austere :: adulterate : pure
Clay is used in porcelain, like flax is used in linen
Parquet is decoration of : wood :: mosaic : glass
Needle is used to make knit, likewise loom is used for weave
Hemorrhage causes bleeding, likewise vertigo causes dizziness
Pluck : quit :: pride : grovel (political social)
Epidermis : mammal :: bark conifer
Leaf : oak :: needle (leaf of pine): pine
Voting : roll call :: terminate : cloture (political words) Page 9-11, Analogy Bible
Vocabulary for Tough Questions : Vocabulary for Tough Questions Tango : dance :: elegy : poem
Usury is taking high interest, similarly gouge is to make high price
Stray : group :: digress : subject
Enunciate is to speak clear words, likewise limn is to draw lines
Muffler : neck :: mitten :: hand
Denture (false teeth): teeth :: toupee (wig or artificial hairs) : hair
Script is of play : like score is for symphony
Potter : shard :: bread : crumb
Frieze : ornament :: pillar : support
Foil : metal :: veneer : wood
Vocabulary for Tough Questions : Vocabulary for Tough Questions Fidget : nervousness :: cringe : dread(fearfully)
Practice : Practice Take more test and use the methods shown in this presentation
While practice use even the slightest idea you have about the word
References : References GRE Barron's
GRE Nova’s
Analogy Bible