GCSE Additional Applied Science June 2008 Agri & Food Paper B

* C U P /T 4 3 9 6 5 * This document consists of 8 printed pages. SPA (SJF4661/CG) T43965/6 © OCR 2008 [K/103/3780] OCR is an exempt Charity [Turn over INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES • Write your name in capital letters, your Centre Number and Candidate Number in the boxes above. • Use blue or black ink. Pencil may be used for graphs and diagrams only. • Read each question carefully and make sure that you know what you have to do before starting your answer. • Answer all the questions. • Do not write in the bar codes. • Write your answer to each question in the space provided. INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES • The number of marks for each question is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. • The total number of marks for this paper is 36. FOR EXAMINER’S USE Qu. Max Mark 1 10 2 9 3 8 4 9 TOTAL 36 GENERAL CERTIFICATE OF SECONDARY EDUCATION A334/02 TWENTY FIRST CENTURY SCIENCE ADDITIONAL APPLIED SCIENCE A Agriculture and Food (Higher Tier) TUESDAY 17 JUNE 2008 Morning Time: 45 minutes Candidates answer on the question paper. Additional materials (enclosed): None Calculators may be used. Additional materials: Pencil Ruler (cm/mm) H2 © OCR 2008 Answer all the questions. 1 Chickens produce eggs. They can be farmed in three different ways: • cages • barn • free range. (a) The percentage of eggs produced by the UK is: • 72% by a cage system • 5% by a barn system • 23% by a free range system. Complete the labels on the pie chart to show this information. 3 1 2 [1] (b) Mannie and Sami are egg farmers. Mannie uses a free range system. Sami uses a cage system. Mannie’s hens Sami’s hens are kept in a field are kept in cages have plenty of space to move around have a limited area to move around behave normally are in a controlled environment have a varied diet have a less varied diet3 [Turn over © OCR 2008 (i) Some people think that free range hens have better care than hens kept in cages. State and explain one advantage and one disadvantage of free range egg farming. Use ideas about animal welfare in your answer. advantage ........................................................................................................................... explanation ........................................................................................................................ .......................................................................................................................................... disadvantage ..................................................................................................................... explanation ........................................................................................................................ ..................................................................................................................................... [4] (ii) Mannie’s free range eggs cost more than Sami’s cage eggs. Suggest why. .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... [2] (c) Mannie and Sami put the Lion Quality mark on their hens’ eggs. What does this mark tell you? ............................................................................................................................................. [1] (d) The British Egg Marketing Board is an organisation that supports egg farmers. Explain how they do this. ............................................................................................................................................. [2] [Total: 10] 4 © OCR 2008 2 Jasmine works in a creamery. She makes cheese. This flow diagram shows the stages in making cheese. Acid-producing bacteria are added to sterilised milk. The mixture is warmed. stage 1 An enzyme is added to clot the milk. Curds form. Solid curds are separated from the liquid whey. Salt is added to the curds. The curds are pressed into the moulds. stage 2 stage 3 stage 4 stage 5 (a) Visitors ask Jasmine about the process. Use your scientific knowledge to answer these questions. (i) Why is sterilised milk used in stage 1? ..................................................................................................................................... [1] (ii) What will happen to the pH of the milk between stage 1 and stage 2? ..................................................................................................................................... [1]5 [Turn over © OCR 2008 (iii) How will removing water, in stages 3 to 5, help to preserve the cheese? .......................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... [1] (b) The enzyme used in cheese making is called chymosin. Chymosin is obtained from cows. It can also be obtained from genetically modified yeast. Describe how a yeast cell could be genetically modified to make chymosin. Your answer should include information about: • the genetic material used • the transfer of genetic material • the production of chymosin. .................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................. [4] (c) Food from genetically modified organisms must be labelled to inform the customer. Cheese made using the enzyme chymosin from genetically modified yeast does not need to be labelled. Explain why. .................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................. [1] (d) Explain how the price of cheese is determined by ‘supply and demand’. .................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................. [1] [Total: 9]6 © OCR 2008 3 Many strawberry growers in the UK use polytunnels. Polytunnels increase the yield of strawberries by 35%. (a) A strawberry grower produces a crop yield of 1000 kg of strawberries without using polytunnels. Calculate the strawberry crop yield if polytunnels are used. answer .................................................... kg [1] (b) Strawberry crop yields are affected by the rate of photosynthesis of the strawberry plants. Explain why. .................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................. [2]7 [Turn over © OCR 2008 (c) The graph shows how the rate of photosynthesis at 20 °C is affected by light intensity. rate of photosynthesis light intensity 20 C (i) What pattern is shown by the graph? .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... [2] (ii) Draw a curve on the graph to show the effect of raising the temperature to 30°C. [2] (d) Temperature is a limiting factor for photosynthesis. Write down one other limiting factor for photosynthesis. ............................................................................................................................................. [1] [Total: 8]8 © OCR 2008 4 Many farmers use chemicals to control the timing of reproduction in their cows. (a) Describe how the chemicals control the timing of reproduction. Your answer should include information about: • the type of chemical used • which body organs are affected • which body cycle is altered. .................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................. [3] (b) Explain the advantages of controlling the timing of reproduction in animals such as cows. .................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................. [2] (c) Farmers can use artificial insemination to fertilise their cows. (i) Describe the process of artificial insemination. .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................[3] (ii) Write down one advantage of artificial insemination. ..................................................................................................................................... [1] [Total: 9] END OF QUESTION PAPER Copyright Acknowledgements: Q.1c The Lion Quality mark is a registered trademark and is reproduced by kind permission of The British Egg Industry Council. Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (OCR) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity. OCR is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is itself a department of the University of Cambridge.