GCSE Additional Applied Science June 2007 Life Care Paper B

GENERAL CERTIFICATE OF SECONDARY EDUCATION A324/02 TWENTY FIRST CENTURY SCIENCE ADDITIONAL APPLIED SCIENCE A Life Care HIGHER TIER Morning WEDNESDAY 13 JUNE 2007 Time: 45 minutes Candidates answer on the question paper. Calculators may be used. Additional materials: Pencil Ruler (cm/mm) H This document consists of 10 printed pages and 2 blank pages. SP (CW/KS) T32901/3 © OCR 2007 [T/103/3779] OCR is an exempt Charity [Turn over INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES • Write your name, Centre number and Candidate number in the boxes above. • Answer all the questions. • Use blue or black ink. Pencil may be used for graphs and diagrams only. • Read each question carefully and make sure you know what you have to do before starting your answer. • Do not write in the bar code. • Do not write outside the box bordering each page. • WRITE YOUR ANSWER TO EACH QUESTION IN THE SPACE PROVIDED. ANSWERS WRITTEN ELSEWHERE WILL NOT BE MARKED. INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES • The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. • The marks allocated and the spaces provided for your answers are a good indication of the length of answers required. FOR EXAMINER’S USE Qu. Max Mark 1 8 2 8 3 9 4 11 TOTAL 36 * C U P /T 3 2 9 0 1 *2 © OCR 2007 Answer all the questions. 1 Jaimie is training to run in the Olympics. His coach checks his fitness regularly and changes his training programme when necessary. (a) State and explain two reasons why the coach might need to unexpectedly change Jaimie’s training programme. reason ...................................................................................................................................... explanation ............................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................. reason ...................................................................................................................................... explanation ............................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................................. ..............................................................................................................................................[4] (b) The coach wants Jaimie to have a test on a muscle in his leg. Leg muscles contain two types of fibres. © Dr. Gladden Willis /Visuals Unlimited Slow-twitch fibres are good for long distance running. Fast-twitch fibres are good for sprinting. The diagram below shows the results of Jaimie’s test. There are 37 fast-twitch muscle fibres in the diagram. Keyfast-twitch slow-twitch3 [Turn over © OCR 2007 (i) Calculate the percentage of slow-twitch fibres in the diagram. Use the equation below. % of slow-twitch fibres = number of slow-twitch fibres total number of muscle fibres × 100 % of slow-twitch fibres = ................................................................................................[2] (ii) Calculate the percentage of fast-twitch fibres. % of fast-twitch fibres = .................................................................................................[1] (iii) The table below shows the ideal percentage of slow-twitch and fast-twitch muscle fibres for some running events. event slow-twitch fibres (%) fast-twitch fibres (%) 100 m sprint 23 77 1500 m run 50 50 10 000 m run 65 35 marathon 80 20 Use the table to suggest which event Jaimie is best suited to. ......................................................................................................................................[1] [Total: 8] 4 © OCR 2007 2 Shivani wants to become a pilot. She has a medical before she starts training. At the medical a nurse collects urine and blood samples. (a) (i) The urine sample is tested for various conditions. Draw a straight line from each substance tested for to its correct condition. One has been done for you. substance tested for glucose human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) nitrite protein kidney disease bacteria cancer diabetes condition pregnancy [3] (ii) Describe how the nurse takes a blood sample. .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................[3]5 [Turn over © OCR 2007 (iii) The picture below shows Shivani’s blood under the microscope. Label one red blood cell and one white blood cell. © Dr. Gopal Murti /Science Photo Library [1] (b) Shivani’s blood sample contains some chemicals which suggest that her heart is not working properly. Name one technique which could be used to observe and monitor how Shivani’s heart is working. .................................................................................................................................................. ..............................................................................................................................................[1] [Total: 8]6 © OCR 2007 3 A community Health Centre needs a new nurse. Kim is writing an advertisement for the new nurse. He can think of a number of personal qualities a nurse should have. (a) (i) Explain why a nurse needs to be an effective communicator. .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................[2] (ii) Suggest two other different qualities the nurse should have. 1 ....................................................................................................................................... 2 ...................................................................................................................................[2] (b) The new nurse will work with the rest of the healthcare team to help people maintain their health and fitness. (i) Give the title and role of two other health practitioners likely to be a part of the healthcare team. 1 title ................................................................................................................................ role ................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... 2 title ................................................................................................................................ role ................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................[2] (ii) Describe and explain one example to show the importance of education and public information about health. .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................[3] [Total: 9]7 [Turn over © OCR 2007 4 Jasmine is 41 years old and pregnant. She is given an ultrasound scan to examine her baby. (a) (i) Give one reason why Jasmine has the scan. .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................[1] (ii) Explain why Jasmine can have an ultrasound scan but is not likely to be offered an X-ray. .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................[2] (b) She is offered a test to screen for Down’s Syndrome. The diagram shows how the test is carried out. Amniotic fluid contains cells from the baby. These are examined for signs of Down’s Syndrome. syringe amniotic fluidplacenta ultrasound scanner (i) Suggest why the ultrasound scanner is used to help with this test. .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................[1]8 © OCR 2007 (ii) Explain why the risk to Jasmine must be assessed before this diagnostic test can be carried out. .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................[2] (c) The table shows the number of babies with Down’s Syndrome born to mothers of different ages. age of mother in years number of Down’s Syndrome cases per 10 000 live births 15 4 20 6 25 8 30 10 35 30 40 80 45 1409 © OCR 2007 (i) Plot the information on the grid below. Finish the graph by drawing the best line through the points. [3] (ii) Jasmine has two teenage children. She was not offered a test for Down’s Syndrome before they were born. Use the information above to suggest why. .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................[2] [Total: 11] END OF QUESTION PAPER10 © OCR 2007 BLANK PAGE PLEASE DO NOT WRITE ON THIS PAGE11 © OCR 2007 BLANK PAGE PLEASE DO NOT WRITE ON THIS PAGE12 © OCR 2007 PLEASE DO NOT WRITE ON THIS PAGE Copyright Acknowledgements: Q.1 image © Dr. Gladden Willis /Visuals Unlimited Q.2 image © Dr. Gopal Murti /Science Photo Library Q.4 diagram © University of York on behalf of UYSEG and the Nuffield Foundation, 21st Century Science: Applied Science: Life Care, p.13, Oxford University Press, 2003. Reproduced by permission of Oxford University Press, www.oup.co.uk Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (OCR) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity. OCR is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is itself a department of the University of Cambridge.