GCSE Additional Science Jan 2008 Modules B6 C6 P6 Paper B

This document consists of 19 printed pages and 1 blank page. SP (SM/CGW) T43020/7 © OCR 2008 [H/103/3776] OCR is an exempt Charity [Turn over INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES • Write your name in capital letters, your Centre Number and Candidate Number in the boxes above. • Use blue or black ink. Pencil may be used for graphs and diagrams only. • Read each question carefully and make sure that you know what you have to do before starting your answer. • Answer all the questions. • Do not write in the bar codes. • Do not write outside the box bordering each page. • Write your answer to each question in the space provided. INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES • The number of marks for each question is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. • The total number of marks for this paper is 42. • A list of physics equations is printed on page two. • The Periodic Table is printed on the back page. FOR EXAMINER’S USE Qu. Max. Mark 1 4 2 5 3 5 4 4 5 7 6 3 7 4 8 5 9 5 TOTAL 42 * C U P /T 4 3 0 2 0 * GENERAL CERTIFICATE OF SECONDARY EDUCATION A217/02 TWENTY FIRST CENTURY SCIENCE ADDITIONAL SCIENCE A Unit 3 Modules B6 C6 P6 (Higher Tier) TUESDAY 29 JANUARY 2008 Afternoon Time: 40 minutes Candidates answer on the question paper Additional materials (enclosed): None Calculators may be used Additional materials: Pencil Ruler (cm/mm) H2 © OCR 2008 TWENTY FIRST CENTURY SCIENCE EQUATIONS Useful Relationships Explaining Motion speed = distance travelled time taken momentum = mass × velocity change of momentum = resultant force × time for which it acts work done by a force = force × distance moved by the force change in energy = work done change in GPE = weight × vertical height difference kinetic energy = 12 × mass × [velocity]2 Electric Circuits resistance = voltage current Vp Vs = Np Ns energy transferred = power × time power = potential difference × current efficiency = energy usefully transferred total energy supplied × 100% The Wave Model of Radiation wave speed = frequency × wavelength3 [Turn over © OCR 2008 BLANK PAGE Question 1 starts on page 4 PLEASE DO NOT WRITE ON THIS PAGE4 © OCR 2008 Answer all the questions. 1 Jo uses a microwave oven to heat her dinner. (a) These sentences are about the microwave oven. Draw a straight line from the start of each sentence to its correct end. start end The microwaves interfere ... ... by the water in the food. The microwaves are reflected ... ... when they pass through a gap. The microwaves are diffracted ... ... by the metal walls of the oven. The microwaves are absorbed ... ... where they overlap with each other. [3]5 © OCR 2008 (b) This graph shows a microwave. disturbance0 A B C D distance Which distance, A, B, C or D, is the wavelength of the microwave? answer .......................................... [1] [Total: 4] [Turn over6 © OCR 2008 2 Isobel uses a remote control to adjust her TV set. (a) The remote control uses a beam of infrared to carry information to the TV set. Finish the sentences by choosing the best words from this list. colour energy photons strength intensity momentum The ................................................... of the beam is the energy it delivers per second. Its value depends on the number of ................................................... put into the beam each second, as well as their ................................................... . [2]7 © OCR 2008 (b) The infrared is modulated each time that Isobel presses a button on the remote control. The beam is pulsed on and off in a code, with a different code for each button. Draw a straight line from the start of each sentence to its correct end. start end Each pulse represents ... ... a 0 in the code. ... a 1 in the code. ... information as a digital code. The pulsed infrared beam transfers ... ... information as an analogue code. [1] [Turn over8 © OCR 2008 (c) An LED is the source of the infrared in the remote control. plastic lens source of infrared The LED is enclosed in a plastic lens. (i) As the infrared leaves the plastic, most of it changes direction. What is the name of this process? Put a ring around the correct answer. diffraction reflection refraction rotation [1] (ii) Which one of these statements explains the change of direction? Put a tick (✓) in the box next to the correct answer. The infrared spreads out as it leaves the lens. The infrared rotates against the plastic as it reflects off the air. The infrared speeds up as it moves from the plastic into the air. The infrared slows down as it moves from the plastic into the air. [1] [Total: 5] 9 © OCR 2008 3 Jenny is a presenter for Radio CA. (a) Jenny sings into the microphone. (i) The speed of sound waves in the studio is 340 m /s. Jenny sings a note of frequency 680 Hz. Which of these calculations gives the wavelength of her sound? Put a ring around the correct answer. 680 340 680 × 340 340 680 [1] (ii) Here are some statements about sound waves. Some of these statements are true. Some are false. Write T in the box next to each true statement and F in the box next to each false one. T (true) or F (false) The disturbance of a sound wave … ... and its energy flow are in the same direction. ... increases in amplitude as the sound gets louder. ... is at right angles to the wave’s direction of energy flow. [1] [Turn over10 © OCR 2008 (b) Information in the sound wave modulates the radio wave from the transmitter. (i) Which diagram represents frequency modulation of the radio wave? Put a ring around the correct diagram. [1] (ii) Complete these sentences. Choose words from this list. regular random amplified analogue amplitude modulated wavelength The frequency modulated radio wave is an ................................................... signal. As it moves away from the transmitter its ................................................... decreases. The radio wave also picks up ................................................... signals called noise. This is still present when the signal is ................................................... at the receiver. [2] [Total: 5]11 [Turn over © OCR 2008 4 Jane has some copper. She uses this to make copper sulfate. (a) Jane uses one reaction from the first list and one from the second list. Draw one straight line from the correct first reaction to the correct second reaction. first second copper + oxygen copper oxide carbon dioxide + sulfuric acid copper sulfate copper + oxygen copper sulfide copper oxide + sulfuric acid copper sulfate copper + sulfur copper oxide copper oxide + sodium hydroxide copper sulfate[2] (b) The copper sulfate Jane makes is not pure. She uses these four steps to purify the copper sulfate. They are in the wrong order. A drying B filtration C dissolving D crystallisation Fill in the boxes to show the right order. The first one has been done for you. C [2] [Total: 4]12 © OCR 2008 5 Michael reacts magnesium with sulfuric acid. Mg + H2SO4 MgSO4 + H2 (a) Use relative atomic masses from the Periodic Table on the back page of this booklet to answer the following questions. (i) What mass of hydrogen is produced when 24 g of magnesium react with an excess of sulfuric acid? mass of hydrogen = ................................................... g [1] (ii) What is the relative formula mass of magnesium sulfate, MgSO4? relative formula mass = ...................................................[1] (iii) What mass of magnesium sulfate is produced when 3 g of magnesium react with an excess of sulfuric acid? mass of magnesium sulfate = ................................................... g [1] (b) Michael works out that his reaction should produce 8 g of magnesium sulfate. In fact it only produces 2 g. Put a ring around the percentage yield for this reaction. 16% 25% 40% 60% [1] (c) Michael reacts magnesium with an excess of sulfuric acid at 20 °C. He measures the volume of hydrogen gas given off at intervals of time. He repeats the experiment five times, changing one of the conditions used each time. He plots a graph for each reaction, A, B, C, D and E. The line for Michael’s first experiment at 20 °C is marked A. volume of hydrogen gas B C A D E time13 [Turn over © OCR 2008 (i) He carries out one reaction at 40 °C. Which line, B, C, D or E, shows this reaction? Put a ring around the correct answer. B C D E [1] (ii) In one reaction he uses more magnesium. Which line, B, C, D or E, shows this reaction? Put a ring around the correct answer. B C D E [1] (iii) In one reaction he uses the same mass of magnesium, but in larger pieces. Which line, B, C, D or E, shows this reaction? Put a ring around the correct answer. B C D E [1] [Total: 7] 6 Dave reacts copper carbonate with nitric acid. (a) The reaction produces carbon dioxide, water and another product. Give the name and formula of the other product. name ...................................................... formula ................................................... [2] (b) He then reacts magnesium carbonate with hydrochloric acid. This produces magnesium chloride, MgCl 2. Balance this equation for the reaction. MgCO3 + HCl → H2O + MgCl 2 + CO2 [1] [Total: 3]14 © OCR 2008 7 Charlie carries out an experiment using woodlice. He puts 20 woodlice into the centre of a petri dish so that they can move freely into four chambers, A, B, C and D. Each chamber has different conditions. A B C D dividing wall one of 4 chambers woodlice put in the centre petri dish light and dry dark and dry light and moist dark and moist After five minutes, Charlie counts the woodlice in each chamber. He records his results in a table. chamber chamber conditions number of woodlice A light and dry 1 B dark and dry 6 C light and moist 4 D dark and moist 9 (a) What is the percentage of woodlice found in chamber D? Put a ring around the correct answer. 9% 20% 45% 90% [1]15 © OCR 2008 (b) Put a tick (✓) in the box next to each statement which could be used to explain the behaviour of the woodlice in the experiment. Woodlice are attracted to light. Woodlice are attracted to shade more than to moisture. Woodlice avoid too much moisture. Woodlice may dry out easily. [2] (c) The behaviour pattern of the woodlice shown in this experiment is a reflex action. Finish the sentence. Choose a word from this list. complex involuntary voluntary Simple reflexes produce rapid ................................................... responses. [1] [Total: 4] [Turn over16 © OCR 2008 8 This question is about synapses between sensory and motor neurons. (a) Here are the steps which take place at a synapse as an impulse passes from a sensory neuron to a motor neuron. They are in the wrong order. A chemical released into the synapse B chemical diffuses across the synapse C motor neuron transmits an impulse D sensory neuron transmits an impulse E chemical binds to the receptor molecules Fill in the boxes to show the right order. The first one has been done for you. D [3] (b) The drug ecstasy blocks the removal of the synapse chemical serotonin. How will this affect the amount of serotonin in the synapse gap between two neurons? Put a tick (✓) in the box next to the correct answer. same amount of serotonin increased amount of serotonin decreased amount of serotonin [1] (c) Synapse chemicals, like serotonin, are recognised by a specific receptor molecule found on one side of the synapse. How does this affect the transmission of nerve impulses? Put a tick (✓) in the box next to the correct answer. The strength of the nerve impulse is increased. The nerve impulses can only travel in one direction. The speed of the nerve impulse transmission is increased. [1] [Total: 5]17 © OCR 2008 9 The Russian scientist Ivan Pavlov is famous for his work with learned behaviour in dogs. His experiments included the following steps. • A dog salivates when given food. • A bell is rung each time the dog is fed. • After some time, the bell is rung without giving the dog food. • The dog salivates when it hears the bell. (a) What is the function of each step? Draw a straight line from each step to its correct function. step function bell ringing primary stimulus food given response dog salivating secondary stimulus [1] (b) Which part of the dog’s brain is involved in learned behaviour patterns? Put a ring around the correct answer. hypothalamus pituitary gland medulla cerebral cortex [1] (c) Which of the following types of behaviour are learned? Put a tick (✓) in the box next to each correct answer. Some bacteria can swim towards sources of food. Some birds may avoid eating caterpillars with warning colours. Houseflies fly rapidly away if they detect any sign of movement. Snails draw into their shells if they detect any sign of movement. Goldfish may swim to the front of their tank when people walk up to feed them. [2] [Turn over18 © OCR 2008 (d) Three friends discuss different ways of explaining what happens in the human brain when we learn. Jim New experiences set up new neuron pathways in the brain. Harry Repeated experiences create stronger connections between neurons in the brain. Hannah New experiences break down existing neuron pathways in the brain. Put a ring around the names of the two people with the best explanations. Jim Hannah Harry [1] [Total: 5] END OF QUESTION PAPER19 © OCR 2008 PLEASE DO NOT WRITE ON THIS PAGE Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (OCR) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity. OCR is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is itself a department of the University of Cambridge.20 © OCR 2008 The Periodic Table of the Elements * The lanthanoids (atomic numbers 58-71) and the actinoids (atomic numbers 90-103) have been omitted. The relative atomic masses of copper and chlorine have not been rounded to the nearest whole number. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 Key 1Hhydrogen 1 4 He helium 2 7 Li lithium 3 9 Be beryllium 4 relative atomic mass atomic symbol name atomic (proton) number 11 B boron 5 12 C carbon 6 14 N nitrogen 7 16 O oxygen 8 19 F fluorine 9 20 Ne neon 10 23 Na sodium 11 24 Mg magnesium 12 27 Al aluminium 13 28 Si silicon 14 31 P phosphorus 15 32 S sulfur 16 35.5 Cl chlorine 17 40 Ar argon 18 39 K potassium 19 40 Ca calcium 20 45 Sc scandium 21 48 Ti titanium 22 51 V vanadium 23 52 Cr chromium 24 55 Mn manganese 25 56 Fe iron 26 59 Co cobalt 27 59 Ni nickel 28 63.5 Cu copper 29 65 Zn zinc 30 70 Ga gallium 31 73 Ge germanium 32 75 As arsenic 33 79 Se selenium 34 80 Br bromine 35 84 Kr krypton 36 85 Rb rubidium 37 88 Sr strontium 38 89 Y yttrium 39 91 Zr zirconium 40 93 Nb niobium 41 96 Mo molybdenum 42 [98] Tc technetium 43 101 Ru ruthenium 44 103 Rh rhodium 45 106 Pd palladium 46 108 Ag silver 47 112 Cd cadmium 48 115 In indium 49 119 Sn tin 50 122 Sb antimony 51 128 Te tellurium 52 127 I iodine 53 131 Xe xenon 54 133 Cs caesium 55 137 Ba barium 56 139 La* lanthanum 57 178 Hf hafnium 72 181 Ta tantalum 73 184 W tungsten 74 186 Re rhenium 75 190 Os osmium 76 192 Ir iridium 77 195 Pt platinum 78 197 Au gold 79 201 Hg mercury 80 204 Tl thallium 81 207 Pb lead 82 209 Bi bismuth 83 [209] Po polonium 84 [210] At astatine 85 [222] Rn radon 86 [223] Fr francium 87 [226] Ra radium 88 [227] Ac* actinium 89 [261] Rf rutherfordium 104 [262] Db dubnium 105 [266] Sg seaborgium 106 [264] Bh bohrium 107 [277] Hs hassium 108 [268] Mt meitnerium 109 [271] Ds darmstadtium 110 [272] Rg roentgenium 111 Elements with atomic numbers 112-116 have been reported but not fully authenticated