Web Server Administration : Web Server Administration Chapter 7
Installing and Testing a Programming Environment
Overview : Overview Understand the need for programming languages
Understand database management systems (DBMSs)
Install and test DBMSs
Understand the Web-based programming environment
Program with databases
The Need for Programming Languages : The Need for Programming Languages Web pages with just HTML statements are static pages
Pages that contain programming statements allow changes and they are called dynamic pages
Programming languages can also be used to update databases and communicate with other systems
Database Management Systems (DBMSs) : Database Management Systems (DBMSs) The purpose of a DBMS is to store data in an organized manner for further processing
Structured Query Language (SQL) is the language used to define and manipulate the data
Most databases are relational and organize data into tables
Database Tables : Database Tables A primary key uniquely defines a row of data
SSN in the Employee table and Department number in the Department table
A foreign key is a column in a table that is related to a primary key
Department number in the Employee table
Three Categories of SQL : Three Categories of SQL Data Manipulation Language (DML)
Used for programming and to insert, update, delete, and retrieve data
Data Definition Language (DDL)
Used to create tables and other related structures in a database
Data Control Language (DCL)
Allows you to control access to tables
Installing and Testing SQL Server : Installing and Testing SQL Server As with other applications, a wizard guides you through the installation
By default, it uses the user name you logged on as (typically administrator) to gain access to the system
This should be changed to "Use the Local System account" for single server systems
If SQL Server needs to communicate with other servers, create a special domain account
Installing and Testing SQL Server-Authentication Mode : Installing and Testing SQL Server-Authentication Mode The Windows Authentication Mode controls access to the database based on Windows users
The Mixed Mode allows for SQL Server Authentication
This is more appropriate for Web-based systems
The sa (systems administrator) account is a SQL Server user that has complete control over the databases
Installing and Testing SQL Server-Creating Tables : Installing and Testing SQL Server-Creating Tables The GUI interface is similar to Access in creating a table
Installing and Testing SQL Server-Filling Tables with Data : Installing and Testing SQL Server-Filling Tables with Data Although SQL statements are often used to manipulate data, you can use something similar to a spreadsheet
Installing and Testing MySQL for Red Hat Linux : Installing and Testing MySQL for Red Hat Linux As with other applications, you run an RPM file
Start MySQL with /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld start
The command-line interface is accessed withmysql
Create a password for mysql root account withSET PASSWORD FOR root=PASSWORD('password');
Login to mysql and Create a Database : Login to mysql and Create a Database To login from the shell prompt use
mysql –uroot –ppassword
To create a database called hrcreate database hr;
In order to do any operations on the database such as create tables, you have to "use" ituse hr;
Create Tables and Insert Data : Create Tables and Insert Data The following script creates the employee table and adds three employees
create table employee (
ssn char(9) primary key,
firstname varchar(20),
lastname varchar(30),
deptno char(2),
salary numeric(6));
insert into employee values('553879098','Lynn','Gweeny',10,55000);
insert into employee values('623827368','Elark','Kaboom',10,60000);
insert into employee values('756838998','John','Doh',20,45000);
Web-based Programming Environment : Web-based Programming Environment Cookie
Text that a Web site stores on your disk
Common Gateway Interface (CGI)
A protocol that allows the operating system to interact with the Web server
Practical extraction and reporting language (Perl)
First popular language for Web servers
Java Server Pages (JSP)
Language similar to Java
Web-based Programming Environment : Web-based Programming Environment Active Server Pages (ASP)
Script-based environment available on all IIS Web servers
ASP.NET
Compiled programs operate under .NET Framework
.NET Framework is an integral part of Windows Server 2003 and can be installed on Windows 2000
PHP Hypertext Protocol (PHP)
Popular language available on most platforms
The structure of JSP, ASP, and PHP are similar
Using Forms : Using Forms The following HTML produces a form
When the submit button is pressed, the data in the form is sent to the file designated as filename
Using ASP to Process a Form : Using ASP to Process a Form The following file displays the information from the form
Notice how the items such as "first" match the text names on the form
ASP uses <% and %> for opening and closing tags
<%=request()%> is one way to retrieve data from the form
ASP.NET : ASP.NET ASP.NET is one of the many languages available under the .NET Framework that can be used for the Web
The programming model of ASP.NET is superior to that of ASP
Has modules for data validation that differentiates between browsers
Producing sophisticated reports is much easier
ASP.NET Program that Combines Form and Output : ASP.NET Program that Combines Form and Output
Shell Script in Linux : Shell Script in Linux Uses CGI
First line states that the shell is being used
Not common because of lack of security
Perl Script to Display Contents of a Form : Perl Script to Display Contents of a Form Notice how $cgi->param("first") is similar to ASP’s request("first")
Programming with Databases : Programming with Databases Microsoft uses two methods to bridge the gap between programming languages and databases
Open Database Connectivity (ODBC)
The original standard
Object Linking and Embedding Database (OLEDB)
Current standard which is faster and more flexible
Linux often uses Java Database Connectivity (JDBC)
You can also have a direct connection between the language (such as PHP) and the database (such as MySQL)
Producing a Report : Producing a Report Connect to the database
Execute a SQL select statement to retrieve data from a table
Put the data in a recordset
Also known as a resultset, depending on the environment
Loop through the recordset and display the contents
A Report in ASP : A Report in ASP
Using Data Source Names (DSNs) : Using Data Source Names (DSNs) DNSs are connections to databases that an administrator creates on the server
They encapsulate the information on the previous slide concerning the connection information
The Data Sources (ODBC) wizard is in the Control Panel
Once it is created, you can create a connection withConn.open "DSN=humanresources;uid=sa"
Programming with ASP.NET : Programming with ASP.NET Although there is a connection and you send it a SQL select statement, the DataGrid component creates the report
Programming with PHP : Programming with PHP Note the similarity between ASP and PHP, and how different they are from ASP.NET
Summary : Summary Programming languages process data, allow you to create dynamic Web pages, and can produce other features
Database management systems organize data for processing