http://www.questionpapers.net.in/GATE question papers: Geology and Geophysics 2008 (GG) Published by: http://www.questionpapers.net.in Page 1 of 9 Q. 1 -Q. 20 carry one mark each. 1. The planet having density less than 1.0 gm/cm3 is (A) Jupiter (B) Neptune (C) Saturn (D) Uranus 2. Which mineral in a metamorphic rock indicates high grade metamorphism? (A) Chlorite (B) Muscovite (C) Serpentine (D) Sillimanite 3. Which of the following landforms is formed by organisms? (A) Atoll (B) Drumlins (C) Outwash (D) Point bar 4. The age of the sandstone reservoir in Cambay basin is (A) Cretaceous (B) Eocene (C) Holocene (D) Jurassic 5. Due to Coriolis effect, the ocean currents will be deflected towards the right in (A) Antarctica (B) Equator (C) southern Hemisphere (D) Northern hemisphere 6. The age of the Precambrian -Cambrian boundary (in million years) is close to (A) 250 (B) 550 (C) 1550 (D) 2550 7. Which of the following minerals is harder than a knife blade? (A) Calcite (B) Fluorite (C) Gypsum (D) Quartz 8. Choose a Proterozoic stratigraphic unit from the following (A) Cuddapah Super Group (B) Dharwar Super Group (C) Gondwana Super Group (D) Iron Ore Group 9. The correct pair of naturally occurring fissile isotope of Urnium is (A) U236 and U237 (B) U235 and U236 (C) U235 and U238 (D) U236 and U238 10. In the plate tectonic theory, the "ring of fire" around the Pacific ocean is related to (A) convergent plate boundary (B) divergent plate boundary (C) hot sports (D) transform fault 11. The shear wave is (A) longitudinal (B) dilatational (C) irrotational (D) equivoluminal 12. The liquid used in the sensor of a Proton Precession Magnetometer should be rich in (A) carbon (B) hydrogen (C) nitrogen (D) oxygen 13. The dominant process of heat transport in the lithosphere is (A) advection (B) conduction (C) convection (D) radiation 14. The shape of a vertical electric sounding curve over a three layer sequence comprising moist soil (top), fresh water saturated coarse sand (middle) and clay (bottom) is (A) A -type (B) H -type (C) K -type (D) Q -type 15. The geophysical method that provided a convincing evidence of sea floor spreading is (A) gravity (B) magnetic (C) electric (D) seismic 16. The difference in the gravity value (in mgal) between the equator and pole is close to (A) 3786 (B) 4586 (C) 5186 (D) 5986 17. With respect to the Earth-Moon axis, the tidal deformation of the Earth produced by the Moon has the shape of (A) oblate ellipse (B) oblate ellipsoid (C) prolate ellipse (D) prolate ellipsoid 18. A successful combination of geophysical methods for exploration of kimberlite pipe is (A) gravity and radiometric (B) magnetic and electromagnetic (C) radiometric and magnetic (D) radiometric and seismic htt w s np . i /p://ww .que tio apers net. n GATE question papers: Geology and Geophysics 2008 (GG) Published by: http://www.questionpapers.net.in Page 2 of 9 19. Liquid outer core is evidenced by shadow zone for direct P-wave in the epicentral distance of (A) 90 132 (B) 92 142 (C) 102 132 (D) 102 142 20. Rift valleys are bounded by (A) normal faults (B) reverse faults (C) strike-slip faults (D) transform faults Q. 21 to Q. 75 carry two marks each. 21. The composition of a sandstone is as follows: Quartz: 55%, Feldspar: 25%, Rock fragments: 1% and Matrix: 19% Petrographically, the sandstone is classified as (A) arkose (B) arkosic wacke (C) lithic arenite (D) quartz wacke 22. Match the sedimentary structure in Group I with the geological processes in Group II. Group I Group I I P. Load casts 1. Turbulent scour Q. Cross bedding 2. Melting ice R. Flutes 3. Soft sediment deformation S. Dropstones 4. biogenic 5. Migration of mega ripples (A) P -3, Q -2, R -1, S -4 (B) P -2, Q -1, R -5, S -4 (C) P -3, Q -5, R -1, S -2 (D) P -1, Q -4, R -5, S -2 23. The phyllodes developed in echinoids to (A) increase efficiency in food collection (B) protect in form sinking in muddy substratum (C) burrow deep into the sediments (D) protect in form predators 24. Two rock samples, P and Q, are characterized by the following well-preserved fossil assemblages: P: abundance of planktonic foraminifera and radiolaria Q: abundance of spore, pollen and vertebrate fossils Which of the following statements is true about the palaeoenvironmental conditions of the rocks? (A) P is estuarine and Q is deep marine (B) P is inter-tidal and Q is terrestrial (C) P is terrestrial and Q is shallow marine (D) P is deep marine and Q is terrestrial 25. The evidence of turonian marine transgression in Peninsular India is (A) Bagh Beds (B) Niniyur Formation (C) Patcham Formation (D) Umaria Marine Bed 26. Match the stratigraphic units of India with their age: Stratigraphic Units Age P. Sargur Schist 1. Oligocene Q. Kopili Shales 2. Eocene R. Damuda Group 3. Permian S. Kolhan Group 4. Carboniferous 5. Proterozoic 6. Archaean (A) P -5, Q -3, R -4, S -1 (B) P -4, Q -3, R -1, S -5 (C) P -6, Q -1, R -2, S -5 (D) P -6, Q -2, R -3, S -5 http://www.questionpapers.net.in/GATE question papers: Geology and Geophysics 2008 (GG) Published by: http://www.questionpapers.net.in Page 3 of 9 27. In the following depth -temperature profile the broken lines indicate geothermal gradients. The zone in which oil and gas are likely to be generated and trapped is (A) P (B) Q (C) R (D) S 28. If a horizontal mirror plane is added to a pyramid having three-fold symmetry, the resultant symmetry of the c-axis will be (A) 3m (B) 3 (C) 6 (D) 6/m 29. Dodecahedron and trapezohedron faces are observed in (A) beryl (B) chalcopyrite (C) fluorite (D) garnet 30. The crystal system of biotite is (A) hexagonal (B) monoclinic (C) orthorhombic (D) tetragonal 31. The { 0001} section of a uniaxial mineral can be distinguished from an isotropic mineral in thin section by (A) extinction angle (B) pheochroism (C) relief (D) interference figure 32. Match the landforms in Group I with geomorphic processes in Group II Group I Group I I P. Paired terrace 1. Glacial erosion Q. Cirque 2. Glacial deposition R. Barchan 3. River rejuvenation S. Kames 4. Wind erosion 5. Wind deposition (A) P -4, Q -2, R -5, S -3 (B) P -2, Q -3, R -4, S -1 (C) P -3, Q -2, R -5, S -4 (D) P -3, Q -1, R -5, S -2 33. Match the ore/mineral deposits in Group I with genetic processes in Group II Stratigraphic Units Age P. Kyanite 1. Chemical sedimentation Q. Laterite 2. Chemical weathering R. Banded iron ore 3. Metamorphic S. Platinum 4. Magmatic (A) P -2, Q -1, R -3, S -4 (B) P -3, Q -2, R -1, S -4 (C) P -4, Q -3, R -2, S -1 (D) P -3, Q -2, R -4, S -1 http://www.questionpapers.net.in/GATE question papers: Geology and Geophysics 2008 (GG) Published by: http://www.questionpapers.net.in Page 4 of 9 34. The scale of an aerial photograph acquired from a height of 5000 m using a camera having focal length of 200 mm, is (A) 1: 5000 (B) 1 : 20000 (C) 1 : 40000 (D) 1: 60000 35. The ratio of axial stress to corresponding axial strain for elastic material is known as (A) bulk modulus (B) Poission's ratio (C) Shear modulus (D) Young's modulus 36. An x-ray beam of wavelength = 1.541 Å is incident on a cubic crystal having lattice spacing of 4Å. What will be its 2 value (where is the glancing angle) on x-ray diffractogram? (A) 11.10 (B) 20.10 (C) 22.20 (D) 44.20 37. The dip slip of a fault is 200m and the dip amount is 30. the throw of the fault (m) is (A) 300 (B) 200 (C) 100 (D) 50 38. Which of the following modes of origin applies to snowball garnet? (A) Pre-tectonic (B) Syn-tectonic (C) Post-tectonic (D) Contact metamorphic 39. Rocks of which of the following facies form under low geothermal gradient? (A) Blueschist (B) Granulite (C) Hornblende hornfels (D) Sanidinite 40. Which of the following statements is/are true for porosity of sandstone? P. Porosity increases with sorting of grains. Q. Porosity decreases with sorting of grains. R. Porosity decreases with shale content. S. Porosity increases with shale content. (A) Q (B) P, S (C) P, R (D) S 41. On crystallization of anorthite, Sr concentration in the magma will (A) decrease (B) increase (C) increase and then decrease (D) remain constant 42. If the solubility product of gypsum is 104.36, the solubility (mol/litre) of gypsum in an idela acqueous solution will be (A) 109.72 (B) 104.36 (C) 102.18 (D) 101.09 43. What is the age of the lignite deposit of Neyveli? (A) Eocence (B) Miocene (C) Oligocene (D) Permian 44. Find the correct match of mineral pair in Group I with the corresponding crystallization behaviour in Group II. Group I Group I I P. Silica -K feldspar 1. Solid solution Q. Albite -Anorthite 2. Peritectic R. Forsterite -Silica 3. Eutectic (A) P -3, Q -1, R -2 (B) P -1, Q -2, R -3 (C) P -2, Q -1, R -3 (D) P -3, Q -2, R -1 45. An igneous rock with 50% olivine, 25% orthopyroxene and 25% clinopyroxene by mode will be called (A) dunite (B) harzburgite (C) lherzolite (D) wehrlite 46. In a gravity survey, if the observation point lies below the datum plane, then for gravity data reduction (A) Free-air and Bouguer corrections are position (B) Free-air correction is positive and Bouguer correction is negative (C) Free-air correction is negative and Bouguer correction is position (D) Free-air and Bouguer corrections are negative http://ww a s. /w .questionp per net.in GATE question papers: Geology and Geophysics 2008 (GG) Published by: http://www.questionpapers.net.in Page 5 of 9 47. If the Earth's magnetic field at the north pole is 60,000 and the radiu sof Earth is R, at what height above the north pole will its magnitude be 30,000 ? (A) 0.26 R (B) 0.52R (C) 0.78R (D) 1.04R 48. Match the apparent resistivity type curves observed on the surface in Group I with the subsurface resistivity variations in Group II Group I Group I I P. AK-Type 1. 1 < 2 > 3 > 4 Q. HK-Type 2. 1 > 2 < 3 > 4 R. KQ-Type 3. 1 > 2 < 3 < 4 S. HA-Type 4. 1 < 2 < 3 < 4 5. 1 < 2 > 3 < 4 6. 1 < 2 < 3 > 4 (A) P -2, Q -4, R -1, S -3 (B) P -3, Q -4, R -2, S -6 (C) P -4, Q -5, R -6, S -1 (D) P -6, Q -2, R -1, S -3 49. The plane wave electromagnetic field traveling vertically downward in a homogeneous half-space of resistivity 500 m varies with depth 'z' as, Hy (z) = H0e0.5z{ cos(t 0.5z) + i sin (t 0.5z)} What is the frequency (in Hz) of the primary field given = 0 = 4 107 h/m? (A) 7.16 107 (B) 5.16 107 (C) 3.16 107 (D) 1.16 107 50. Wenner survey is performed over a homogeneous ground of resistivity 200 m. for the current electrode spacing of 60 m, 100 ma current flow is recorded. What will be the magnitude of potential difference (in mV) between potential electrodes? (A) 53.0 (B) 159.2 (C) 477.7 (D) 1433.1 51. Potential Difference (PD) and Gradient of Potential Difference (GPD) are measured along a profile over a massive sulfide body in self-potential survey. Which of the following statements is correct for the anomalies over the center of the body? (A) PD is positive and GPD is positive (B) PD is positive and GPD is zero (C) PD is negative and GPD is negative (D) PD is negative and GPD is zero 52. Match the phase differences between the quantities of induction phenomena (Group I) with the amount of phase difference in Group II Group I Group I I P. Secondary field with respect to primary field 1. leads by 90 Q. Inphase component of secondary field with respect to primary field 2. lags by 90 R. Quadrature component of secondary field with respect to primary field 3. lags between 90 -180 S. Quadrature component of secondary field with respect to inphase component of secondary field 4. lags by 180 (A) P -4, Q -1, R -3, S -2 (B) P -1, Q -2, R -4, S -3 (C) P -2, Q -3, R -1, S -4 (D) P -3, Q -4, R -2, S -1 53. Which of the following combinations of electromagnetic field components is measured in magnetotelluric method? (A) Ex, Ey Hx, Hy Hz (B) Ex, Ey, Ez, Hx, Hz (C) Ex, Ey, Ez, Hy, Hz (D) Ex, Ez, Hx Hy Hz 54. Which form of partial differential equation is used for the interpretation of electromagnetic anomalies in geophysical prospecting? (A) Diffusion equaiton (B) Laplace's equation (C) Poisson's equation (D) Wave equation 55. A radioactive substance decays to one third of its original value in 6 hours time. What is the half-life (in hours) of the substance? (A) 3.58 (B) 3.78 (C) 3.98 (D) 4.18 http://www.questionpapers.net.in/GATE question papers: Geology and Geophysics 2008 (GG) Published by: http://www.questionpapers.net.in Page 6 of 9 56. The relation between magnetic latitude () and the magnetic inclination (i) is (A) 2 tan i = tan (B) tan i = 2 tan (C) tan i = 2 tan2 (D) 2 tan i = cos 57. To derive magnetic field from gravity field, the Poisson's relation can be used only when the direction of magnetization is (A) horizontal (0) (B) 45 (C) 60 (D) vertical (90) 58. Fourier analysis matches the signal by a series of sinusoids. Each member of the series fits an exact number of (A) one-fourth wavelength (B) one-third wavelength (C) half-wavelength (D) one wavelength 59. Compton scattering is the physical basis of (A) Neutron -Gamma logging (B) Neutron -thermal neutron logging (C) Natural Gamma logging (D) Gamma -Gamma logging 60. If the P-wave velocity is twice that of S-wave velocity in a medium, the Poission's ratio of the material is (A) 0.50 (B) 0.33 (C) 0.25 (D) 0.12 61. The Lame's coefficient () can be written in terms of compressibility of the material () and Poisson's ratio () as (A) = ) 1 ( 3 (B) = 3 ) 1 ( (C) = ) 2 1 )( 1 ( (D) = ) 2 1 ( 3 62. The amplitude of seismic wave varies due to spherical spreading as a function of (A) radius of sphere (B) 1/(radius of sphere) (C) (radius of sphere)2 (D) 1/(radius of sphere)2 63. if f is the frequency of seismic wave and v is the velocity, the relation between absorption coefficient () and quality factor (Q) is (A) = Qvf (B) = v Qf (C) = f Qv (D) = vfQ 64. In marine seismic surveys, the maximum depth d (in feet) at which the bubble will break is related to the charge weight W (in pounds) by the relation (A) d = 3.8 W (B) d = 3.8 W1/2 (C) d = 3.8 W1/3 (D) d = 3.8 W1/4 65. Considering noise problem (reverberation) in marine seismic work, the frequencies for hihger harmonics are expressed by fn = w w d 4 V ) 1 n 2 ( , where fn -frequency of nth harmonic, Vw -velocity of sound in water and dw -water depth. The fundamental frequency in terms of the reciprocal of onewwa travel time is (A) one -fourth (B) one -third (C) one -half (D) three -fourth 66. In a linear inverse problem having rectangular system matrix that is rank deficient, the inverse solution is (A) unique solution (B) least square solution (C) minimum norm solution (D) minimum norm least square solution 67. In a linear inverse problem having eigenvalues 100, 10, 1, 0.1, 0.01, 0.001, the highes tcondition number of the system matrix is (A) 100000 (B) 10000 (C) 1000 (D) 100 http://www.questionpapers.net.in/GATE question papers: Geology and Geophysics 2008 (GG) Published by: http://www.questionpapers.net.in Page 7 of 9 68. A combination of radioactive logging to detect chlorine in a formation is (A) Neutron-thermal neutron log and Gamma-Gamma log (B) Neutron-epithermal neutron log and Neutron-Gamma log (C) Neutron-Gamma log and Gamma-Gamma log (D) Neutron-epithermal neutron log and Gamma-Gamma log 69. In electrical logging, the measured resistivity of flushed zone is 19.2 m, the resistivity of mud-filtrate is 1.33 m and the computed value of residual oil saturation in flushed zone is 20%. The value of formation resistivity factor is (A) 8.50 (B) 8.85 (C) 9.11 (D) 9.24 70. In a seismic reflection survey, lithological boundaries P (Shale and Gas sand), Q (Gas sand and Oil sand) and R (Oil sand and Water sand) computed on the basis of reflection coefficients are shown in figure. Which is the correct sequence of reflection coefficients at these boundaries? (A) P ( 0.30), Q (+ 0.20), R (+ 0.03) (B) P ( 0.30), Q (+ 0.03), R (+ 0.20) (C) P (+ 0.20), Q ( 0.30), R (+ 0.03) (D) P (+ 0.20), Q (+ 0.03), R ( 0.30) Common Data Questions Common Data for Questions 71, 72 and 73: The following geological map shows exposures of sedimentary beds P, Q, R, S, T and a batholith (hatched) in a flat terrain. 71. The fold seen in the area is (A) a synform plunging northerly (B) a synform plunging southerly (C) an antiform plunging northerly (D) an antiform plunging southerly 72. If the fault dips 70 southerly, it is a (A) normal fault with southern upthrown block (B) right lateral strike-slip fault (C) reverse fault with northern upthrown block (D) reverse fault with southern upthrown block http://www.questionpapers.net.in/GATE question papers: Geology and Geophysics 2008 (GG) Published by: http://www.questionpapers.net.in Page 8 of 9 73. The intrusion of dyke took place (A) after deposition of beds 's' and 't' (B) before deposition of beds 's' and 't' (C) before faulting (D) before folding Common Data for Questions 74 and 75: Two sampled data sets are given as: X9n) = { 1, 2, 1, 3} and Y (n) = 21 , 2 , 1 , 1 74. The cross-correlation between these two time series for zero lag is (A) 23 (B) 25 (C) 2 (D) 3 75. The convolution of the data sets results in a time series (A) 1 , 1 , 2 17 , 4 , 2 11 , 1 , 1 (B) 1 , 1 , 21 , 2 17 , 4 , 1 , 1 (C) 23 , 2 11 , 4 , 2 17 , 1 , 1 , 1 (D) 1 , 2 , 2 17 , 4 , 25 , 1 , 1 Linked Answer Questions: Q. 76 to Q. 85 carry two marks each. Statement for Linked Answer Questions 76 and 77: A mineral assemblage consists of fayalite, ferrosilite and quartz in equilibrium. 76. The number of components in the system is (A) 4 (B) 3 (C) 2 (D) 1 77. The degree of freedom of the mineral assemblage in P-T space is (A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4 Statement for Linked Answer Questions 78 and 79: The Fe -O bond length in haematite is 2.05 Å and the ionic radius of anion is 1.32 Å. 78. The correct pair of radius ratio and coordination number is (A) 0.220 and 3 (B) 0.380 and 4 (C) 0.553 and 6 (D) 0.770 and 8 79. The electrostatic valency of the cation is (A) 0.25 (B) 0.5 (C) 1.0 (D) 3.0 Statement for Linked Answer Questions 80 and 81: The gravity anomaly along a profile over a sphericla ore body shows a maximum anomaly of 12 mgal at the centre and a value of 6 mgal at a distance of 3600 m from the centre. The density contrast between the ore mass with the surrounding rocks is 0.4 gm/cm3. 80. The computed depth (in m) to the centre of the spherical mass is (A) 2340 (B) 2940 (C) 3780 (D) 4680 81. The computed radius (in m) of the spherical mass is (A) 1965 (B) 2865 (C) 3250 (D) 3685 Statement for Linked answer Questions 82 and 83: A P-wave generated from a surface source is incident at an angle of 30 on a horizontal interface and refracted at an angle of 50 into the second layer. The velocity in the first medium is 3.5 km/s. Densities in the first and second layer are 2.3 gm/cm3 and 2.5 gm/cm3, respectively. 82. The velocity (in km/s) in the second layer is (A) 5.36 (B) 4.86 (C) 4.55 (D) 4.15 83. The reflection coefficient for the ratio of reflected and incident P-wave amplitudes at normal incidence is (A) 0.32 (B) 0.28 (C) 0.25 (D) 0.21 http://www.questionpapers.net.in/GATE question papers: Geology and Geophysics 2008 (GG) Published by: http://www.questionpapers.net.in Page 9 of 9 Statement for Linked Answer Questions 84 and 85: Two students were assigned the same 3-layer Schlumberger resistivity sounding data for interpretation. They interpreted different model parameters. First student interpreted resistivities 1 = 10 m, 2 = 50 m, 3 = 10 m, thicknesses h1 = 50 m and h2 = 10 m. 84. Which combination of 2 and h2 interpreted by the second student is correct according to the principle of equivalence? (A) 2 = 25 m and h2 = 5 m (B) 2 = 25 m and h2 = 20 m (C) 2 = 100 m and h2 = 20 m (D) 2 = 100 m and h2 = 40 m 85. Transverse resistance and longitudinal conductance calculated by the second student for the second layer is (A) 4000 m2, 0.4 mho (B) 2000 m2, 0.2 mho (C) 500 m2, 0.8 mho (D) 125 m2, 0.2 mho End of the question paper