Regular verbs in the present tense : Regular verbs in the present tense
Slide 2 : Complete Spanish Grammar
present tense of the indicative mood. However, endings convey additional information. With •vendo and sales, the speaker indicates that these actions are perceived as a fact or reality: I sell; you leave. This is called the indicative mood (modo indicativo) of the verb. The mood expresses the attitude of the speaker. The examples vendo and sales are in the indicative mood because these verbs communicate actions perceived as factual or real. Later on, you will study other moods, such as subjunctive, conditional, and imperative,
Thus, the endings attached to the stem of a verb hold a lot of information: who does the action, when it takes place, and the attitude or perception of the speaker.
Slide 3 : Regular Verbs In the Present Tense
To form the present tense, drop the -ar, -er, or -ir from the root (or radical) of the infinitive, and add the ending that corresponds to the subject. The following verbs can be used as models for all regular verbs in the present tense.
Slide 5 : Note:
Argentina 2º person singular use “vos” eliminating “i”.
Spain 2º person plural use “vosotros”
Argentina España
Tú compras Vos comprás Túcompras
Tú aprendes Vos aprendés Túaprendes
Tú recibes Vos recibís Tú recibes
Ustedes compran Ustedes compran vosotros compráis
Ustedes aprenden Usteds aprenden vosotros aprendéis
Ustedes reciben Ustedes reciben vosotros recibís
In the following conjugations, note the subject pronouns, as well as the English equivalents: : In the following conjugations, note the subject pronouns, as well as the English equivalents: yo compro
tu compras
él compra
ella compra
usted (Ud.) compra
nosotros compramos nosotras compramos vosotros compráis vosotras compráis ellos compran ellas compran
ustedes (Uds.) compran / buy, am buying, do buy
you (familiar singular) buy, are buying, do buy
he buys, is buying, does buy
she buys, is buying, does buy
you (formal singular) buy, are buying, do buy
we (masculine) buy, are buying, do buy
we (feminine) buy, are buying, do buy
you (masculine plural) buy, are buying, do buy
you (feminine plural) buy, are buying, do buy
they (masculine) buy, are buying, do buy
they (feminine) buy, are buying, do buy
you (formal plural) buy, are buying, do buy
Slide 7 : Study the conjugations above and remember that:
the first-person singular yo has the same ending in all three conjugations.
in the -er and -ir verb categories all three third-person singular forms have the same endings.
the subject pronouns are usually omitted in Spanish. Verb endings give information about thesubject.
Slide 9 : 1, Pedro Gómez______________(vivir) con su familia en mi edificio de apartamentos.
2. Lucía, la esposa de Pedro, no______________ (trabajar) todos los días.
3. La hija, Mercedes,______(estudiar) en la universidad.
4. Lucía y su esposo_____ (planear) una visita a Mercedes esta semana.
5. Ahora, yo___________(subir) a mi apartamento.
6. Yo____________(sacar) a su perro a caminar todos los días.
7, Y tú ¿___________(conversar) con los Gómez?
8. Pedro_________ (necesitar) una persona para cuidar su apartamento esta semana.
Slide 10 : Práctica. Escribe en español.
1. I prepare dinner. ____
2. The children climb the stairs._____
3. My cats drink milk. ________
4. The customer adds up the bill (la cuenta)._____
5. Carli's mother talks to the repórter (el/la reportero [a])________
6. The actress fears the critics. _____________________
7. Your friends eat fajitas. _________________________
When Is the Present Tense Used in spanish? : When Is the Present Tense Used in spanish? The present tense is used in Spanish:
to describe an action happening now. Often, it is translated with the -ing form in English.
Ahora, veo a Anna. Naw I see Anna,
Louis llega a la puerta. Louis is arriving at the gate.
to express actions that take place regularly, in a habitual way, although the actions may not be occurring in the present. Expressions of time and other adverbs are often used to indícate that these actions take place routinely in the present.
Normalmente, compro las frutas Usually I buy fruit at the
en el supermercado. supermarket
Slide 12 : to describe events that will take place in the near future. A reference to the future may appear in the context or sentence.
Mañana discuto el plan con ustedes Tomorrow I will discuss the plan at the meeting,
en la reunión.
Este verano, viajo a Alemania. I will travel to Germany this summer,
to ask questions, especially questions requesting permission or someone's opinión or preference.
¿Bebes café o té? Do you drink coffee or tea?
¿Abro la puerta? Shall I open the door?
¿Compramos la casa? Do we buy thehousef
Keep in mind the auxiliary verb do in English is not translated. In Spanish, an auxiliary verb is not needed to ask a question.
Often the context or words surrounding a verb help pin down information about the time the action takes place. The following are some expressions of time used frequently to refer to actions that take place customarily in the present:
Vocabulario : Vocabulario