COVALENT BOND AND COORDINATE COVALENTE BOND : COVALENT BOND AND COORDINATE COVALENTE BOND
COVALENT BOND : COVALENT BOND Covalent Bond formed by sharing of one pair of electrons between two atoms.
In this pair one of the electron comes from 1st atom and the remaining form the other.
E.g. H2
1. Hydrogen had one electron and it needs one more electron to become stable. : 1. Hydrogen had one electron and it needs one more electron to become stable. 2. The two Hydrogen Atoms share the pair of electrons equally and form the Covalent Bond
COORDINATE COVALENT BOND : COORDINATE COVALENT BOND Coordinate Covalent Bond formed by sharing of one pair of electrons between two atoms.
In this pair both of the electron comes from one atom and the remaining atom donates non. But the pair shared between the two atoms For this one of the atoms should have at least one loan pair of Electrons
The other atom should have an empty valance orbital. Rules For this Coordinate covalent bond
Slide 5 : Loan Pair Of Electrons The pair should be in the valence orbital
The pair should not used in the bonds
E.g. : In Ammonia Molecule Nitrogen has this type of loan pair N7: 1S2 2S2 2PX1 2PY1 2PZ1 ↑ ↓ ↑ ↓ ↑ ↑ ↑ H1: 1S1 ↑ N H H H Loan Pair Valence e-
Slide 6 : Empty Valence Orbital : Hydrogen lost it’s single electron forms H+ ion and have a empty 1s orbital H1: 1S1 ↑ H+: 1S0 N H H H H+ NH4 + Hence Nitrogen Donates The Loan Pair to H+ Ion and This Pair shared By Both Atoms.
In this Formation Nitrogen Called Donor and H+ ion Called Acceptor
This Bond showed by “→” From Donor to Acceptor.
H+←NH3
COVALENT BOND : COVALENT BOND Covalent Bond formed by sharing of one pair of electrons between two atoms.
In this pair one of the electron comes from 1st atom and the remaining form the other.
E.g. H2 COORDINATE COVALENT BOND Coordinate Covalent Bond formed by sharing of one pair of electrons between two atoms.
In this pair both of the electron comes from one atom and the remaining atom donates non. But the pair shared between the two atoms
E.g.: NH4+ END