| Slide1 : http://ccwf.cc.utexas.edu/~tjmoore/myth4web/05troygold.jpg. |
| Minoans + Mycenaeans = The Greeks : Minoans + Mycenaeans = The Greeks Origins of the Greeks: Minoans & Mycenaeans 2800 B.C.E. - 1500 B.C.E. |
| Minoans (2800-1400 BCE) : Minoans (2800-1400 BCE) Lived on island of Crete
Existed during Egypt’s Old Kingdom
Government: Priest-kings
Religion: Polytheists
Cities NOT surrounded by walls
Ship Builders & Traders
Farming
Fishing
Overpowered by Mycenaeans by 1400 BCE http://ccwf.cc.utexas.edu/~tjmoore/Myth3web/05atheseusmincan.jpg. |
| Minoan Art : Minoan Art Sculptures, Pottery, and Frescoes |
| Minoans created and traded pottery, leather, bronze armor, and metal jewelry. They also enjoyed sports such as boxing and bull leaping. : Minoans created and traded pottery, leather, bronze armor, and metal jewelry. They also enjoyed sports such as boxing and bull leaping. http://ccwf.cc.utexas.edu/~tjmoore/Myth3web/05atheseusmincan.jpg |
| Slide6 : Minoan Fresco at the Palace of Knossos http://ccwf.cc.utexas.edu/~tjmoore/myth.html. |
| Minoan fresco: Prince of Knossos : Minoan fresco: Prince of Knossos http://www.graeco-roman.com/items/G4310.htm |
| Minoan Religion : Minoan Religion Polytheists
Main god: Great Goddess, Mother Earth) |
| Minoan Religion : Minoan Religion Built shrines on housetops, hilltops, and in caves
Why hilltops?
Why caves?
Offerings included:
Human hair
fruit
flowers
jewels
gold
Mother Earth |
| The fall of Minoan civilization is described in the legendary fight of Theseus, a young Greek prince and the Minotaur. : The fall of Minoan civilization is described in the legendary fight of Theseus, a young Greek prince and the Minotaur. Relief Sculpture of Theseus and defeated Minotaur http://ccwf.cc.utexas.edu/~tjmoore/Myth3web/05atheseusmincan.jpg |
| Mycenaeans (2000 - 900 BCE) : Mycenaeans (2000 - 900 BCE) Lower Greece (lowlands)
Built fortress-palaces on hilltops
Engaged in farming, herding, olive growing.
Traded: gold & bronze
Learned from Minoans: Shipbuilding, navigation, gold & bronze work, fashions, art, writing.
Better warriors than traders (pirates)
Became most powerful people in Aegean world by 1400 BCE
Trojan War (1200s BCE)
Conquered by Dorians (late 1200’s)
|
| The “Dark Age” (1100 -800 BCE) : The “Dark Age” (1100 -800 BCE) Civil wars broke out following Trojan War
Dorians conquered Mycenaeans
Aegean world began era of “wandering and killing”
Independent communities developed
http://ccwf.cc.utexas.edu/~tjmoore/myth4web/05troygold.jpg Layered view of nine major settlements of Troy
by Christopher Haussner based on archaelogical
excavation. |
| Greek City-States (700 - 338 BCE) : Greek City-States (700 - 338 BCE) |
| Greek City-States : Greek City-States The Hellenes, or Greeks emerge from the Dark Age
The Polis, or city-state was the center of Greek life
Polis structure:
Acropolis (fortified hill)
Agora (marketplace at foot of acropolis)
Polis included homes, farming villages, fields, and orchards http://www.indiana.edu/~kglowack/athens/acropolis.html |
| Greek Civics and Politics : Greek Civics and Politics Civic and personal honor is one and the same
The Polis (city-state) is above everything else
Greenblatt, Lemmo. Human Heritage. Glencoe, McGraw-Hill 1995. |
| A New Government : A New Government Solon created 1st Constitution (594 BCE)
Set of principles and rules for governing
Purpose: To end oligarchy and to prevent uprising against government by middle and lower class http://www.indiana.edu/~kglowack/athens/images/07.017.JPG |
| The First Democratic Constitution : The First Democratic Constitution
Created by Cleisthenes in 508 BCE (lasted 300 yrs.)
Limits power of rich & land ownership
All male landowners could vote
All debts were erased
All enslaved due to debt, were freed
All Athenians became citizens and able to participate in government
Assembly created to make laws
http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/ancient/greeks/greekdemocracy_2.shtml Representation of Cleisthenes |
| The Athenian Government Structure : The Athenian Government Structure http://norfacad.pvt.k12.va.us/project/pericles/Pericles.htm |
| Greek Religion : Greek Religion The most popular priestess was a priestess in the temple of Delphi.
The Delphi was the center of the world for Greeks. http://ccwf.cc.utexas.edu/~tjmoore/mythslides1/27delphiview.jpg |
| Gods with human qualities (anthropomorphism) : Gods with human qualities (anthropomorphism) http://ccwf.cc.utexas.edu/~tjmoore/mythslides1/mythslides1.html Poseiden
The Courtship of Venus and Mars Aphrodite |
| Greek Theater : Greek Theater Began during festivals honoring the god Dionysus (600 BCE)
Types of Plays
Tragedies
Aeschylus
Sophocles
Euripides
Comedies
Only men could act in plays
A civic responsibility
http://ccwf.cc.utexas.edu/~tjmoore/mythslides1/28feastofgods.jpg |
| The Great Greek Philosophers : The Great Greek Philosophers Socrates
Plato
Aristotle http://www.arts.uwaterloo.ca/PHIL/cpshelle/Gallery/Greek/aristotle.jpg |
| Socrates (469-399 BCE) : Socrates (469-399 BCE) Stonemason, spent time arguing with assembly
Taught: Question everything, use step-by-step questioning to final conclusion (Socaratic Method)
Executed for denying gods, corrupting youth, and trying to overthrow gov. Greenblatt, Lemmo. Human Heritage. Glencoe, McGraw-Hill 1995 http://www.btinternet.com/~socratic/ |
| Plato (427-347 BCE) : Plato (427-347 BCE) Pupil of Socrates
Recorded speeches of Socrates
Father of Political Science
Founded The Academy to train government leaders
Wrote The Republic & The Dialogues http://plato.evansville.edu/ |
| Aristotle (384-322 BCE) : Aristotle (384-322 BCE) Pupil of Plato at The Academy
Trained in Medicine
“Master of Them That Know”
First to classify plants & animals
Developed final steps in scientific method (Hypothesis and Test) Plato Aristotle http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/history/aristotle.html |