Public Speaking
 
Visualize Your Success Use Deep-breathing Techniques Focus on Message, not Fear Give Yourself a Mental Pep Talk
By: Raashid
1 years 3 months ago
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Presentation Transcript
4-H Public Speaking : 4-H Public Speaking Adapted from materials provided by Allyn and Bacon
Public Speaking Produces Anxiety in Most People : Public Speaking Produces Anxiety in Most People 3. Death 2. Snakes 1. Public Speaking People’s Biggest Fears
Overcoming Speech Anxiety : Overcoming Speech Anxiety Acknowledge Your Fear Act Confident Channel Nervous Energy
Overcoming Speech Anxiety (con’t) : Overcoming Speech Anxiety (con’t) Practice, Practice, Practice Simulate Setting at Home Ask Friends to Be Practice Audience
Overcoming Speech Anxiety (con’t) : Overcoming Speech Anxiety (con’t) Visualize Your Success Use Deep-breathing Techniques Focus on Message, not Fear Give Yourself a Mental Pep Talk
Understand Audience and Listening : Understand Audience and Listening People Think Faster Than Hear Have Short Attention Span Jump to Conclusions Easily Distracted
Listening Remedies : Listening Remedies Keep Speech Focused Divide Speech into Compact Segments Analyze Audience Carefully Adapt to Situation
Understand Audience Memory : Understand Audience Memory
Understand The Speech Context : Understand The Speech Context Audience Setting
Context – : Context –
The Audience : The Audience Size Demographics Beliefs and Values Receptive/Antagonistic
Context - The Setting : Context - The Setting Indoor/Outdoor Size and Shape of Room Arrangement of Seating Equipment Available Lighting Acoustics
Understand & Define Your Purpose : Understand & Define Your Purpose Inform Inspire / Persuade Entertain Introduce Accept Pay Tribute
Understand the Speech Making Process : Understand the Speech Making Process Choosing/Narrowing a Topic Researching Topic Organizing Your Speech Developing an Outline Rehearsing Speech Delivering Speech
Choosing an Appropriate Topic : Choosing an Appropriate Topic Is It Important to You? Is It Important to Your Audience? Will It Hold Audience’s Attention? Is It Manageable in the Time Available? Is It Appropriate for Oral Presentation? Is It Clear?
Develop Central Idea : Develop Central Idea Write a one sentence summary of speech.
Generate Main Idea : Generate Main Idea Does It Have Logical Divisions? Are There Reasons Why It Is True? Can You Support It? A... B... C... Because...
Narrowing a Topic - Example : Narrowing a Topic - Example Protecting the Environment Water Quality in My State Well Water Problems Utilizing Home Well Assessments to Reduce Contamination Risk
Getting Topic Feedback : Getting Topic Feedback From Members of Potential Audience From Friends From Family From 4-H’ers
Researching Topic and Finding Supporting Material : Researching Topic and Finding Supporting Material Sources of Supporting Material Types of Supporting Material Tests of Supporting Material
Sources of Supporting Material : Sources of Supporting Material Libraries Books Periodicals Newspapers Reference Materials CD-ROM Data Bases Government Documents
Sources of Supporting Material (con’t) : Sources of Supporting Material (con’t) The Internet/World Wide Web Search Engines Infoseek Yahoo Lycos HotBot Google, etc. Online Libraries
Types of Supporting Material : Types of Supporting Material Common Knowledge Direct Observation Examples & Illustrations Explanations & Descriptions Documents
Tests of Supporting Material : Tests of Supporting Material Is Information Specific? Is Source an Expert? Is Source Unbiased? Is Information Timely?
Tests of Supporting Material (con’t) : Tests of Supporting Material (con’t) Is Information Relevant to Point Made? Does Information Support the Point? Is Information Timely?
Special Considerations for Online Information : Special Considerations for Online Information In Physical Print, Quality Is Controlled by Experts Journals - Peer Review Periodicals - Editors Published Texts - Editors, Librarians Online, Must Do Own Quality Control Beware! Everything On the Web Is Not ALL True
Organizing Your Speech : Organizing Your Speech Chronological Topical Spatial Cause-Effect Problem-Solution Comparison- Contrast
Types of Outlines : Types of Outlines Preliminary Outline (Rough-Draft) Main points to research Preparation Outline Title & Topic Purpose Introduction Main and Sub-Points Transitions Conclusion Support/Evidence
Types of Outlines : Types of Outlines Speaker’s Outline Introduction Main Point Support Transitions Conclusion
Ethics in Speech Preparation - Researching : Ethics in Speech Preparation - Researching Take Accurate Notes When Researching Record Complete Source Citations Credit Source of Ideas When in Doubt, Cite Source
Don’t Use Someone Else’s Speech! : Don’t Use Someone Else’s Speech!
Introductions : Introductions Types Functions
Types of Introductions : Types of Introductions Identification with Audience Reference to Situation Statement of Purpose Statement of Importance of Topic Surprise Audience with Claim or Statistic
Types of Introductions (con’t) : Types of Introductions (con’t) Anecdotal Story Rhetorical Question Quotation Humor
Functions of Introductions : Functions of Introductions Get Attention Introduce Topic Provide Motivation Establish Credibility Preview Speech
Conclusions : Conclusions Types Functions
Types of Conclusions : Types of Conclusions Summary Quotation Personal Reference Challenge to Audience Offer Vision of the Future
Types of Conclusions : Types of Conclusions Anecdotal Story Rhetorical Question Quotation Humor Remember what Dwight D. Eisenhower once said: “Things are more like they are now, than they have ever been before.”
Functions of Conclusions : Functions of Conclusions Summarize Speech Reemphasize Main Idea Motivate Response Provide Closure
Methods of Delivery : Methods of Delivery Manuscript Reading Memorized Impromptu Extemporaneous
Delivering Speech - Beginning : Delivering Speech - Beginning Walk Calmly with Confidence to Front Establish Eye Contact Smile Naturally Deliver Introduction
Delivering Speech - During : Delivering Speech - During Use Effective Eye Contact Use Effective Language Use Effective Gestures Be Enthusiastic Use Conversational Style Use Notes As Needed
Delivering Speech - Ending : Delivering Speech - Ending “Frame” the Speech Pause before Returning to Seat But Don’t Ask for Questions Accept Applause Graciously
Elements of Vocal Delivery : Elements of Vocal Delivery Speech Rate and Pauses Volume Inflection and Pitch Quality of Voice Pronunciation and Articulation
Elements of Physical Delivery or Body Language : Elements of Physical Delivery or Body Language Appearance Posture Facial Expression Eye Contact Movement Gestures
Rehearsing Speech : Rehearsing Speech Recreate Setting Practice Without Memorizing Time Speech
Rehearsing Speech : Rehearsing Speech Practice Out Loud Practice Standing Up Watch Yourself
Rehearsing Speech : Rehearsing Speech Practice Gestures Practice Eye Contact Practice Volume
Plan, Prepare, Polish, Practice, Present : Plan, Prepare, Polish, Practice, Present The better you know your material the less anxious you’ll be about presenting it. Smile and act natural. Don’t apologize for being nervous. No one will know you’re nervous unless you call attention to it.
REMEMBER!!!! : REMEMBER!!!! The 4-H Motto is “To Make the Best Better” and the 4-H Way is “Learn by Doing”! Keep these in mind as you prepare your speeches!